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Calendar year
Year 1257 (MCCLVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. January 13 – At the first recorded meeting of the college of the seven
1257
Volcanic eruption in Indonesia
In 1257, a catastrophic eruption occurred at Samalas, a volcano on the Indonesian island of Lombok. The event had a probable Volcanic Explosivity Index
1257_Samalas_eruption
Windows character set for Baltic languages
Windows-1257 (Windows Baltic) is an 8-bit, single-byte extended ASCII code page used to support the Estonian (which also used Windows-1252), Latvian and
Windows-1257
Millisecond pulsar in the constellation Virgo
location in the sky. On their discovery, the planets were designated PSR 1257+12 A, B, and C, ordered by increasing distance. They were discovered before
PSR_B1257+12
Sub Earth orbiting PSR B1257+12
its location in the sky. On its discovery, the planet was designated PSR 1257+12 A and later PSR B1257+12 b. It was discovered before the convention that
PSR_B1257+12_A
Super-Earth orbiting PSR B1257+12
its location in the sky. On its discovery, the planet was designated PSR 1257+12 B and later PSR B1257+12 B. It was discovered before the convention that
PSR_B1257+12_B
Khan of the Golden Horde from 1257 to 1266
effectively consolidated the power of the Blue Horde and White Horde from 1257 to 1266. He was officially a grandson of Genghis Khan from his son Jochi
Berke
Continent
Journal: Economic Policy. 5 (3). American Economic Association: 189–226. doi:10.1257/pol.5.3.189. JSTOR 43189345. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. "Jewish
Europe
Type of patent in the European Union
Regulation (EU) No 1257/2012, Art. 3(2), second paragraph. Regulation (EU) No 1257/2012, Art. 3(2), third paragraph. Regulation (EU) No 1257/2012 of the European
Unitary_patent
Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2
Lessons for COVID-19". Journal of Economic Literature. 60 (1): 41–84. doi:10.1257/jel.20201641. ISSN 0022-0515. Ewing T (12 May 2020). "Flu Masks Failed In
COVID-19_pandemic
This article covers 1257 in poetry. Bostan, a book of poetry, is completed by Saadi Cecco d'Ascoli (died 1327), Italian encyclopaedist, physician and poet
1257_in_poetry
Super-Earth orbiting PSR B1257+12
literally means "frightener". On its discovery, the planet was designated PSR 1257+12 C and later PSR B1257+12 C. It was discovered before the convention that
PSR_B1257+12_C
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
Journal of Economic Perspectives. 19 (1). Harvard University: 151–174. doi:10.1257/0895330053147949. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved
Russia
Italian navigator and explorer (1451–1506)
Ideas" (PDF), Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24 (2): 163–188, doi:10.1257/jep.24.2.163 Wilford, John Noble (1991). "Columbus and the Labyrinth of History"
Christopher_Columbus
European political entity (800/962–1806)
consolidate their holdings and become even more independent as rulers. After 1257, the crown was contested between Richard of Cornwall, who was supported by
Holy_Roman_Empire
Political philosophy emphasising social ownership of production
Market Socialism". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 5 (4): 187–194. doi:10.1257/jep.5.4.187. Wollf, Richard (2012). Democracy at Work: A Cure for Capitalism
Socialism
Battle during the Kosovo War
The Rebellion of Arbanon (Albanian: Kryengritja e Arbërit) in 1257–1259 was a revolt of the Principality of Arbanon (in modern central Albania) against
Rebellion_of_Arbanon
Low-mass triple star system in the constellation Corvus
VHS J125601.92−125723.9 (abbreviated to VHS J1256−1257) is a young triple brown dwarf system located in the constellation Corvus approximately 69.0 light-years
VHS_J1256−1257
Social networking service owned by Meta Platforms
Social Media" (PDF). American Economic Review. 110 (3): 629–676. doi:10.1257/aer.20190658. ISSN 0002-8282. Newton, Casey (December 15, 2017). "Facebook
Khan of the Golden Horde in 1257
Хаан; Tatar: Улакчы хан; died 1257) was the third khan of the Blue Horde and Golden Horde, ruling for less than a year in 1257. Ulaghchi was a direct descendant
Ulaghchi
King of Germany from 1257 to 1272
1209 – 2 April 1272) was an English prince who was King of the Romans from 1257 until his death in 1272. He was the second son of John, King of England,
Richard_of_Cornwall
King of England from 1272 to 1307
Hamilton states was a show of his blooming political independence. From 1254 to 1257, Edward was under the influence of his mother's relatives, known as the Savoyards
Edward_I
Medieval kingdom in Ireland
of Bréifne: 1250?–1257 – son of Tigernán, son of Domnall, son of Cathal Sitric Ó Ruairc, king of Bréifne: elected and killed 1257–1257 – son of Ualgarg
Kingdom_of_Breifne
British Military installation in Schloss Neuhaus, Germany (BAOR)
("Castle Island") and the Residenzstrasse. Construction of the castle began in 1257 under bishop Simon I. zur Lippe (1247–1277). Around 1370 and after numerous
Horrocks_Barracks
Queen of Naples from 1285 to 1309
Mary of Hungary (c. 1257 – 25 March 1323), of the Árpád dynasty, was Queen of Naples and Queen of Albania by marriage to King Charles II. She was the daughter
Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples
Mary_of_Hungary,_Queen_of_Naples
saeculum obscurum, the Crescentii era, and the Tusculan Papacy. From 1048 to 1257, the papacy experienced increasing conflict with the leaders and churches
History_of_the_papacy
1256–1270 Venetian-Genoese war over Acre
former ally, signed a ten-year pact of military alliance with Venice. In 1257 a Venetian admiral, Lorenzo Tiepolo, broke through Acre's harbour chain and
War_of_Saint_Sabas
Political party in India
Raj in India" (PDF). American Economic Review. 98 (4): 1397–1412. doi:10.1257/aer.98.4.1397. S2CID 966634. Chakravarti, Sudeep (15 June 1991). "In an India
Indian_National_Congress
Founder of Islam (c. 570–632)
Sawda and 'Aisha". Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, 661-1257. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-1-4744-2318-2. Esposito
Muhammad
This is a list of consorts of Nevers. None None None Counts and Dukes of Nevers List of consorts of Auxerre List of consorts of Tonnerre List of Burgundian
List_of_consorts_of_Nevers
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
Magallón et al. 2015, p. 437. Wang 2023, p. 1. Chanderbali et al. 2016, p. 1257. Krishnamurthy 2015, p. 410. Becker, Alix & Damerval 2011, p. 1427. Mauseth
Flower
13th-century Mongol-Chinese campaigns
was left in Yunnan, and from 1254 to 1257 he conducted campaigns against local Yi and Lolo tribes. In early 1257 he returned to Gansu and sent messengers
Mongol_invasions_of_Vietnam
Election for emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
The 1257 imperial election was a double election in which the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire split into factions and elected two rivals, earl
1257_imperial_election
External genitalia of the female mammal
medical dictionary (32nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. pp. 1256–1257. ISBN 978-1-4160-6257-8. Oakley, SH; Mutema, GK; Crisp, CC; Estanol, MV;
Vulva
King of Hungary from 1270 to 1272
Hungarian Plain. King Béla IV appointed Stephen Duke of Transylvania in 1257 and Duke of Styria in 1258. The local noblemen in Styria, which had been
Stephen_V_of_Hungary
1257 battle of the Livonian Crusade
Order in 1257 near Memel (now Klaipėda in Lithuania). When Mindaugas, King of Lithuania, transferred most of Samogitia to the Livonian Order in 1257, Duke
Battle_of_Memel_(1257)
Events from the year 1257 in Ireland. Lord: Henry III Death of Maurice Fitzgerald; his lordship of Sligo ravaged by Godfrey O’Donnell, king of Tir Conaill
1257_in_Ireland
Prince of Gwynedd from 1255 to 1282
of Gwynedd from 1255 to 1282. After successful campaigns across Wales in 1257, Llywelyn proclaimed himself Prince of Wales in 1258, and was recognised
Llywelyn_ap_Gruffudd
Learned society in the field of economics
Runs the AEA?". Journal of Economic Literature. 61 (3): 1127–1171. doi:10.1257/jel.20221667. ISSN 0022-0515. "History and Objectives". American Economics
American_Economic_Association
Queen of the Romans (1225–1261)
Sanchia of Provence (c. 1225 – 9 November 1261) was Queen of the Romans from 1257 until her death in 1261 as the wife of King Richard. Sanchia was the third
Sanchia_of_Provence
1858–1947 Crown rule in India
the Link", The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (3): 109–130, doi:10.1257/089533002760278749, JSTOR 3216953 Sarkar, J. (2013, reprint). Economics of
British_Raj
Islamic law
Institutional Stagnation". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 18 (3): 71–90. doi:10.1257/0895330042162421. Ziauddin Sardar (28 January 2011). "The Long Divergence:
Sharia
for ethnic Han. Batu Khan (1227–1255) Sartaq (1255–56) Ulaghchi (1257) Berke (1257–1266) Mengu-Timur (1266–1282) Tuda Mengu (1282–1287) Talabuga (1287–1291)
List_of_Mongol_rulers
Political and socioeconomic ideology
Eastern Europe". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 34 (2): 172–191. doi:10.1257/jep.34.2.172. Furet, François (2000). The Passing of An Illusion: The Idea
Communism
Study of mental functions and behaviors
(PDF). American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 3 (1): 224–238. doi:10.1257/app.3.1.224. S2CID 16678444. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2018
Psychology
Type of AI with wide-ranging abilities
Workplace Automation". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 29 (3): 3–30. doi:10.1257/jep.29.3.3. hdl:1721.1/109476. Retrieved 2 August 2025. Gmyrek, Paweł; Berg
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial_general_intelligence
Highest court of jurisdiction in the U.S
C. § 1254 28 U.S.C. § 1259 28 U.S.C. § 1258 28 U.S.C. § 1260 28 U.S.C. § 1257 Brannock, Steven; Weinzierl, Sarah (2003). "Confronting a PCA: Finding a
Supreme Court of the United States
Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States
Mamluk sultan of Egypt (1250, 1254–1257)
of Egypt in the Turkic Bahri line. He ruled from 1250 until his death in 1257. Aybak (Turkic: ay, moon; bak, commander) was an Emir/commander of Turkic
Aybak
Cultivation of plants and animals to produce foods, fibers, fuels, and raw materials
Agriculture in Development". The American Economic Review. 92 (2): 160–164. doi:10.1257/000282802320189177. ISSN 0002-8282. JSTOR 3083394. Lewis, W. Arthur (1954)
Agriculture
Hungarian and American investor and philanthropist (born 1930)
Disappears". American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 9 (2): 165–201. doi:10.1257/app.20160180. ISSN 1945-7782. Archived from the original on November 10,
George_Soros
Italian physician and poet (1257–1327)
Francesco degli Stabili (1257 – 26 September 1327; sometimes given as Francesco degli Stabili Cichus), popularly called Cecco d'Ascoli, was an Italian
Cecco_d'Ascoli
Khan of the Golden Horde from 1256 to 1257
Sartaq Khan (or Sartak, Sartach; Mongolian: Сартаг; Tatar: Сартак; died 1257) was the eldest son of Batu Khan by his senior wife Boraqchin. He succeeded
Sartaq_Khan
1789–1799 sociopolitical change in France
Revolution" (PDF). American Economic Review. 101 (7): 3286–3307. doi:10.1257/aer.101.7.3286. hdl:10419/37516. ISSN 0002-8282. S2CID 157790320. Archived
French_Revolution
King of England from 1216 to 1272
and 1258, the King assembled two great hoards, or stockpiles, of gold. In 1257 Henry needed to spend the second of these hoards urgently and, rather than
Henry_III_of_England
Use of knowledge for practical goals
Future of Workplace". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 29 (3): 3–30. doi:10.1257/jep.29.3.3. hdl:1721.1/109476. Archived from the original on 1 September
Technology
License Raj in India". American Economic Review. 98 (4): 1397–1412. doi:10.1257/aer.98.4.1397. ISSN 0002-8282. Ghosh, Arunabha (1 June 2004). "India's pathway
Economy_of_India
Main-belt asteroid
1257 Móra, provisional designation 1932 PE, is an asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was
1257_Móra
Members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
that the seven electors were those who had just voted in the election of 1257, which resulted in the election of two kings. Three ecclesiastical Electors:
Prince-elector
Polish Dominican priest and missionary
Hyacinth (Polish: Święty Jacek or Jacek Odrowąż; c. 1185 – 15 August 1257) was a Polish Dominican priest and missionary who worked to reform the women's
Hyacinth_of_Poland
Delhi Sultanate's governor of Bengal (1251–1255) and Sultan of Bengal (1255–1257)
Malik Ikhtiyār ad-Dīn Yūzbak (Persian: ملک اختیارالدین یوزبک; died July 1257), also known as Mughis ad-Din Abu al-Muzaffar (Persian: مغیث الدین ابوالمظفر)
Malik_Ikhtiyaruddin_Yuzbak
1203). 1232 10 November – Birth of Haakon the Young, (Junior) King (died 1257). 1234 Birth of Christina of Norway, Infanta of Castile (died 1262). Death
13th_century_in_Norway
Single byte character encoding for Baltic languages
cover the Nordic languages. It is similar to the earlier-published Windows-1257; its encoding of the Estonian alphabet also matches IBM-922. This is also
ISO/IEC_8859-13
Something that motivates individuals to perform
Modify Behavior". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 25 (4): 191. doi:10.1257/jep.25.4.191. Waqas, Zafarullah; Saleem, Sharjeel (2014-11-01). The Effect
Incentive
President of the United States from 1933 to 1945
Veterans' Bonus" (PDF). American Economic Review. 106 (4): 1100–43. doi:10.1257/aer.20130957. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2014. Retrieved
Franklin_D._Roosevelt
Second planet from the Sun
Astronomy". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 276 (1257): 43–50. Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...43S. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0008. Hobson
Venus
Use of various control systems for operating equipment
(PDF). American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics. 17 (1): 126–160. doi:10.1257/mac.20220051. ISSN 1945-7707. Carl Benedikt Frey; Michael Osborne (September
Automation
American daily newspaper
for Local Newspapers". American Economic Review. 96 (1): 435–447. doi:10.1257/000282806776157551. ISSN 0002-8282. Archived from the original on December
The_New_York_Times
French theological college (1257–1792)
theological college of the University of Paris, founded in 1253 (confirmed in 1257) by Robert de Sorbon (1201–1274), after whom it was named. The Sorbonne was
College_of_Sorbonne
Slave trade between Africa and the West
Abolition in the Transatlantic World. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-1257-1. Smallwood, Stephanie E. (2008). Saltwater Slavery: A Middle Passage from
Atlantic_slave_trade
Civil War general, U.S. president from 1869 to 1877
American Bison" (PDF). The American Economic Review. 101 (7): 3162–3195. doi:10.1257/aer.101.7.3162. JSTOR 41408734. S2CID 154413490. Waltmann, Henry G. (1971)
Ulysses_S._Grant
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
of the Depression". American Economic Review. 98 (4): 1476–1516. doi:10.1257/aer.98.4.1476. ProQuest 233020472. "Was the New Deal Contractionary?" Federal
Great_Depression
1256–1258 war in Greece
since the two triarchs were clearly at liberty in June 1256 and January 1257. In early 1256, a new bailo, Marco Gradenigo, was sent to Negroponte with
War of the Euboeote Succession
War_of_the_Euboeote_Succession
Italian Dominican friar and philosopher (1225–1274)
working on one of his most famous works, Summa contra Gentiles. From 1252 to 1257, Thomas lived and worked with Saint Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, of whom he
Thomas_Aquinas
Human losses by participating country
Journal of Economic Literature (Submitted manuscript). 45 (1): 5–38. doi:10.1257/jel.45.1.5. hdl:10197/492. JSTOR 27646746. S2CID 54763671. – p. 19 Devereux
World_War_II_casualties
Third Islamic caliphate
rivalries, sectarian tensions between Sunnis and Shias, and damaging floods. In 1257, after destroying the Assassins in Iran, Hulagu wrote to the Abbasid caliph
Abbasid_Caliphate
−25° 43′ 31″ 12.06 1256 Spiral galaxy Eridanus 03h 13m 58.3s −21° 59′ 11″ 14.37 1257 Double star Perseus 03h 16m 59.5s +41° 31′ 45″ 1258 Spiral galaxy Eridanus
List of NGC objects (1001–2000)
List_of_NGC_objects_(1001–2000)
King of Javalipura from 1204 to 1257
Udaya-simha (IAST: Udayasiṃha, r. c. 1204-1257 CE) was an Indian king belonging to the Chahamana dynasty, who ruled the area around Javalipura (present-day
Udayasimha
Elephant (c. 1245–1257)
The elephant of Henry III (c. 1245 – 14 February 1257) was an animal of the king's Royal Menagerie at the Tower of London. The elephant is thought to be
Elephant_of_Henry_III
American attorney and politician (born 1944)
Six that do Not". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 18: 163–190. doi:10.1257/089533004773563485. ISSN 0895-3309. Langan, Patrick A.; Durose, Matthew R
Rudy_Giuliani
Referendum administration organization
June 1999 for a period up to 31 August 1999. By Security Council Resolution 1257 of 3 August UNAMET was extended to 30 September 1999. To organise and conduct
United Nations Mission in East Timor
United_Nations_Mission_in_East_Timor
King of Poland from 1295 to 1296
Premislaus or in Polish as Przemysław; 14 October 1257 – 8 February 1296) was the Duke of Poznań from 1257–1279, of Greater Poland from 1279 to 1296, of Kraków
Przemysł_II
Fifth planet from the Sun
Astronomy". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 276 (1257): 43–50 (see p. 44). Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...43S. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0008
Jupiter
Political ideology promoting free-market capitalism
Economics, 1979–87". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 3 (1): 107–134. doi:10.1257/jep.3.1.107. JSTOR 1942967. Cahill, Damien. "The End of Laissez-Faire?: On
Neoliberalism
more than 750 years later. Earliest recorded endowment of Abingdon School. 1257 13 January – Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall elected King of the Romans. August
1250s_in_England
Feudal lord in the Welsh Marches, died 1257
John of Monmouth (died 1257) was a feudal lord in the Welsh Marches. He was the son of John of Monmouth and his second wife Agnes, daughter of Walter de
John_of_Monmouth_(died_1257)
US body that sets national monetary policy
"Vulnerable growth". American Economic Review. 109 (4): 1263–1289. doi:10.1257/aer.20161923. Chen, Zhengyang (2026). "Demystifying monetary policy surprises:
Federal_Open_Market_Committee
Period of Roman history (c. 509 – 27 BC)
early Roman empire". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 20 (1): 145. doi:10.1257/089533006776526148. ISSN 0895-3309. Temin notes Cicero's discussion in Pro
Roman_Republic
Mongol conquest of the Abbasid Caliphate (1258)
his arrogance in negotiations, convinced Hulegu to overthrow him in late 1257. Invading Mesopotamia from all sides, the Mongol army soon approached Baghdad
Siege_of_Baghdad
Decade
Decades 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC 1240s BC 1230s BC Years 1259 BC 1258 BC 1257 BC 1256 BC 1255 BC 1254 BC 1253 BC 1252 BC 1251 BC 1250 BC Categories v t
1250s_BC
American conservative cable news channel
Polarization" (PDF). American Economic Review. 107 (9): 2565–2599. doi:10.1257/aer.20160812. ISSN 0002-8282. S2CID 152704098. Archived (PDF) from the original
Fox_News
Countess of Flanders from 1244 to 1278
of Flanders during 1244–1278 and Countess of Hainaut during 1244–1253 and 1257–1280. She was the younger daughter of Count Baldwin IX and Marie of Champagne
Margaret_II_of_Flanders
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
Evidence from Indonesia". American Economic Review. 97 (5): 1611–1638. doi:10.1257/aer.97.5.1611. Kis-Katos, K.; Sparrow, R. (2015). "Poverty, Labor Markets
Indonesia
Military conflict
In the period between 1257 and 1259 the Despotate of Epirus and Empire of Nicaea fought each other for Byzantine territories. Nicaea had by 1253 occupied
Epirote–Nicaean_conflict
Tsar of Bulgaria from 1256 to 1257
Asen), in Greek, Μύτζης, Mytzēs, was the tsar of Bulgaria from 1256 until 1257. Mitso Asen ascended the throne by virtue of his marriage to a daughter of
Mitso_Asen_of_Bulgaria
(1238–1242), Heinrich I von Bilversheim (1242–1257), Ladislaus of Salzburg (1257), Berthold von Leiningen (1257–1285), Mangold von Neuenburg (1285), Arnold
List of nobles and magnates within the Holy Roman Empire in the 13th century
List_of_nobles_and_magnates_within_the_Holy_Roman_Empire_in_the_13th_century
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
Parkinson's disease: risk factors and prevention". Lancet Neurology. 15 (12): 1257–1272. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30230-7. PMID 27751556. Atalar MS, Oguz O
Parkinson's_disease
Muslim campaigns in North-East of Indian subcontinent
newly independent since 1255, invaded Kamarupa in the beginning of spring 1257 during a period of internal strife and power struggle in the Delhi Sultanate
Muslim_invasions_of_Assam
Ruling party of the People's Republic of China
Famine History" (PDF). Journal of Economic Literature. 45 (1): 5–38. doi:10.1257/jel.45.1.5. hdl:10197/492. ISSN 0022-0515. JSTOR 27646746. S2CID 54763671
Chinese_Communist_Party
Muslim kingdom in Indonesia, 1486–1950
first leader of Ternate, with the title Baab Mashur Malamo, traditionally in 1257. It reached its Golden Age during the reign of Sultan Baabullah (1570–1583)
Sultanate_of_Ternate
may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "History of the papacy" 1048–1257 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2015) (Learn how
History of the papacy (1048–1257)
History_of_the_papacy_(1048–1257)
1257
1257
1257
1257
1257
1257
1257
1257
1257