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Hundreds of ancient stone religious monuments lie on the island of Java. Known as candi in Indonesian, they date from the early classical period of Javanese
Ancient_monuments_of_Java
Topics referred to by the same term
Ancient monument (Thailand) Ancient monuments of Java Ancient monuments acts (United Kingdom) Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882 Ancient Monuments
Ancient monument (disambiguation)
Ancient_monument_(disambiguation)
Overview of and topical guide to ancient history
Anatolia Ancient monuments of Java Ancient settlements in Turkey Ancient solution Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia Ancient trackway Ancient underground quarry
Outline_of_ancient_history
9th-century Buddhist temple in Java, Indonesia
reflects on Borobudur from a Christian perspective. Ancient monuments of Java Architecture of Indonesia Candi of Indonesia Chicken Church Borobudur Museum Kraton
Borobudur
British colonial official (1781–1826)
finances of the colony, and its system of taxation. Under Raffles's aegis, a large number of ancient monuments in Java were systematically catalogued for
Stamford_Raffles
Badaruddin II of Palembang, along with giving orders to seize the nearby Bangka Island. During his administration, numbers of ancient monuments in Java were rediscovered
History_of_Indonesia
Province in Java, Indonesia
West Java (Indonesian: Jawa Barat, Sundanese: ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪, romanized: Jawa Kulon) is an Indonesian province on the western part of the island of Java, with
West_Java
Deified monarch in medieval Southeast Asia
justification of a king's rule. The concept was institutionalised and expanded in ancient Java, Cambodia and Thailand, where monuments such as the Prambanan
Devaraja
French and British colonial administration
Majapahit city of Trowulan, also came to light during his administration. Under Raffles patronage, a large number of ancient monuments in Java were rediscovered
French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies
French_and_British_interregnum_in_the_Dutch_East_Indies
Architectural or sculptural structures representing the human penis
the ancient Greek historian, documented women carrying large phallic-shaped monuments and ornaments the size of a human body in villages in ancient Dionysia
Phallic_architecture
Austronesian ethnic group
eastern part of Java island, which covers most of the administrative areas of the provinces of Central Java, East Java, and Special Region of Yogyakarta
Javanese_people
Javanese kingdom (716 AD–1016)
Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Shailendra dynasty and later Ishana dynasty. During most of its
Mataram_kingdom
architecture Ancient Greek temple Ancient Indian architecture Ancient monuments of Java Ancient Roman architecture Ancient Roman defensive walls Andalusian
Index of architecture articles
Index_of_architecture_articles
British writer (born 1950)
event that he argues purged the planet of advanced survivors. He interprets ancient monuments as repositories of encoded warnings from that culture. Kirkus
Graham_Hancock
Dynasty in Java from about 750 to 850 CE
active promoters of Mahayana Buddhism and covered the Kedu Plain of Central Java with Buddhist monuments, one of which is the colossal stupa of Borobudur, now
Shailendra_dynasty
Belief of ancient people on Java island
folk religion native to Java since the Paleolithic.[dubious – discuss] Locally, it is referred to as "the monotheist ancient Javanese religion", "ancestral
Kapitayan
City in East Java, Indonesia
has the most monuments. These monuments include the Tugu Monument which signifies independence from the Dutch Empire; The TGP Monument (Army Genie Student)
Malang
Hindu and Buddhist temples and sanctuaries in Indonesia
temples of ancient Java were also used to store the ashes of cremated deceased kings or royalty. This is in line with the Buddhist concept of stupas as
Candi_of_Indonesia
Large stone used to build a structure or monument
Reception of British Prehistoric Monuments (Cambridge Scholars Publishing; 2009). ISBN 1443813389 Patton, Mark (1993). Statements in Stone: monuments and society
Megalith
Group of islands in Solomon Islands
(Easter Island) to ancient stone monuments found on Ontong Java. These researchers were in luck as excavation found a site with deposits of charcoal and food
Ontong_Java_Atoll
Buddhist complex in Madhya Pradesh, India
remain on the hill of Sanchi, including three main stupas and several temples. The monuments have been listed among other famous monuments in the UNESCO World
Sanchi_Stupa
Structure shaped as a geometric pyramid
A pyramid (from Ancient Greek πυραμίς (puramís) 'pyramid', from the Egyptian pir-em-us, the vertical height of the structure) is a structure whose visible
Pyramid
Province in Java, Indonesia
Central Java (Indonesian: Jawa Tengah, Javanese: ꦗꦮꦶꦠꦺꦔꦃ, romanized: Jawi Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its
Central_Java
Austronesian ethnic group
part of Java island in Indonesia, with the term Tatar Sunda (ᮒᮒᮁ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ) or Pasundan (ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪) which covers most of the administrative areas of the provinces
Sundanese_people
Form of state religion
rule. The concept gained its elaborate manifestations in ancient Java and Cambodia, where monuments such as Prambanan and Angkor Wat were erected to celebrate
Imperial_cult
Temple mountain of sandstone in Angkor, Cambodia
Glaize, The Monuments of the Angkor Group (Paris: École française d’Extrême-Orient, 1944/1993 trans., 55-57. Lawrence Briggs, The Ancient Khmer Empire
Bakong
and its Monuments, Delhi". unesco.org. Retrieved 18 September 2018. "Monuments Of Herat, Afghanistan's Ancient Cultural Capital, In Danger Of Destruction"
List_of_oldest_minarets
Regency in Central Java, Indonesia
(Javanese:ꦏꦧꦸꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦒꦭ꧀) is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in the northwest corner of Central Java province of Indonesia, with an area of 983.9 km2 (379.9 sq mi)
Tegal_Regency
Empire based on Sumatra (c. 671–1025 AD)
of Southeast Asia and in the Indonesian and Malaysian archipelago refer to the Indonesian island of Java, see his article 'The Problem of the Ancient
Srivijaya
Java, Hindu communities are also expanding in Central Java near the ancient Hindu monuments of Prambanan. On 9 to 12 November 2019, the grand Abhiṣeka
Hinduism_in_Southeast_Asia
Centre. "The Ancient Town of Si Thep and its Associated Dvaravati Monuments". UNESCO. Retrieved 19 September 2023. "The Archaeological Heritage of Niah National
List of World Heritage Sites in Southeast Asia
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Southeast_Asia
Non-scientific term for a transitional fossil
reclassified as Homo erectus. In the media, the Java Man was hailed as the missing link. For instance, the headline of the Philadelphia Inquirer on February 3
Missing link (human evolution)
Missing_link_(human_evolution)
Topics referred to by the same term
the Crime Operations, the forensic arm of the Philippine National Police Soco Monument, a monument in East Java, Indonesia Something Corporate, an American
Soco
Stratovolcano in West Java
(Tangkuban Parahu) is a stratovolcano in Lembang, West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It erupted in 1826, 1829, 1842, 1846, 1896, 1910, 1926, 1929
Tangkuban_Perahu
Cultural sphere of India beyond the Indian subcontinent
aesthetic achievements. The notable examples are Borobudur in Java and Angkor monuments in Cambodia. The Srivijaya Empire to the south and the Khmer Empire
Greater_India
Islamization in East Java, Hindu communities are also expanding in Central Java (Lyon 1980), for example in Klaten, near the ancient Hindu monuments of Prambanan
Hinduism_in_Indonesia
History and traditions of Indonesian architecture
built in Java during the peak of Indonesia's great Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms between the 8th and 14th centuries (see Ancient temples of Java). The earliest
Architecture_of_Indonesia
Empire in Southeast Asia (802–1431)
(2013). "The Problem of the Ancient Name Java and the Role of Satyavarman in Southeast Asian International Relations around the Turn of the Ninth Century
Khmer_Empire
District in Mojokerto Regency, Jawa Timur Province, Indonesia
province of East Java. It includes approximately 100 square kilometres and has been theorized to be the site of the eponymous capital city of the Majapahit
Trowulan
9th-century king of Cambodia
independence from a polity inscriptions named "Java", which most probably refers to the island of Java in the Indonesian archipelago. Jayavarman II founded
Jayavarman_II
Active stratovolcano in Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia
stratovolcano located on the border between the province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in
Mount_Merapi
11th century conflicts in Indonesia
Pramodhawardhani that betrothed to Rakai Pikatan of Sanjaya, son of the influential Rakai Patapan, a landlord in Central Java. Rakai Pikatan and the Sanjaya dynasty
Mataram–Srivijayan_wars
1925 suite for solo piano by Leopold Godowsky
composed between 1924 and 1925. It consists of twelve movements and is influenced by the gamelan music of Java, Indonesia, extensively utilizing pentatonic
Java_Suite
Culture of the Javanese people
Jawa) is the culture of the Javanese people. Javanese culture is centered in the provinces of Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java in Indonesia. Due to
Javanese_culture
Art associated with a repository for the remains of the dead
example, makes a point of referring to "tomb monuments", saying "I have avoided using the term 'funeral monuments' because funeral effigies were, in the Middle
Funerary_art
City in East Java, Indonesia
River in the province of East Java on the island of Java in Indonesia. It covers an area of 67.23 km2 and had a population of 268,950 at the 2010 Census
Kediri_(city)
Javanese empire from 1292 to 1527
Sutasoma: The Ancient Tale of a Buddha-Prince from 14th Century Java by the Poet Mpu Tantular. Orchid Press. ISBN 9789745241077. Encyclopedia of world art
Majapahit
Prambanan, these smaller temples provide a glimpse of ancient culture and the intricate details of ancient Java temple architecture. Mendut and Pawon temples
Tourism_in_Indonesia
Structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities
especially in Java and Sumatra. As a result, numerous Hindu temples, locally known as candi, were constructed and dominated the landscape of Java. The candi
Temple
Mountain in Central Java, Indonesia
in Ancient Indian Monuments, New Delhi{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Raffles, Thomas Stanford (2008). The History of Java (edisi
Dieng_Plateau
Megalithic site in West Java, Indonesia
archaeological site located in Karyamukti, West Java, Indonesia, 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Cianjur. Located at 885 metres (2,904 ft) above sea
Gunung_Padang
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
appeared in several regions, including Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Sumba, Flores, and Nias, where stone monuments were used for burial, ancestor veneration
Indonesia
9th-century Hindu temple compound near Yogyakarta, Indonesia
consisted of 240 temple structures, which represented the grandeur of ancient Java's Hindu art and architecture, and is also considered as a masterpiece of the
Prambanan
City in Central Java, Indonesia
colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ, romanized: Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency
Surakarta
8th-century sailing vessel depicted in bas reliefs of Borobudur, Java, Indonesia
vessel of Maritime Southeast Asia, depicted in some bas-reliefs of the Borobudur Buddhist monument in Central Java, Indonesia. It is a ship of the Javanese
Borobudur_ship
Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including
List of World Heritage Sites in Cambodia
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Cambodia
Capital and largest city of Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal
Yogyakarta
The World Monuments Watch is a flagship advocacy program of the New York–based private non-profit organization World Monuments Fund (WMF) and American
1996_World_Monuments_Watch
Sculptural technique of embossed depth
the 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardians of deities of the directions, are found. The largest high
Relief
The World Monuments Watch is a flagship advocacy program of the New York-based private non-profit organization World Monuments Fund (WMF) that calls international
2014_World_Monuments_Watch
d'après les textes et les monuments de l'Inde, Paris, Payot; 1949 Les vies antérieures du Bouddha, d'après les textes et les monuments de l'Inde, Paris, PUF;
Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher
Alfred_Charles_Auguste_Foucher
National park in East Java, Indonesia
located in East Java, Indonesia, to the east of Malang, to the west of Lumajang, to the south of Pasuruan and Probolinggo, and to the southeast of Surabaya,
Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park
Bromo_Tengger_Semeru_National_Park
Series of kingdoms in Bali, Indonesia
where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with Hindu influences—adopted from India through ancient Java intermediary—flourished
Bali_Kingdom
Scottish army officer (1754-1821)
Collection of Monuments, Images, Sculptures &c. illustrative of The Ancient History, Religion & Institutions of the Island of Java and of the Adjacent
Colin_Mackenzie
Architecture built by the Khmer during the Angkor period
Jacques, Ancient Angkor, p. 30. Freeman and Jacques, Ancient Angkor, pp. 161, 188. Freeman and Jacques, Ancient Angkor, p. 178. Glaize, The Monuments of Angkor
Khmer_architecture
Architectural structure that uses flat platforms or steps to form geometric pyramid
huge religious monuments built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley and western Iranian plateau, having the form of a terraced step pyramid of successively
Step_pyramid
Archaeological site in Lampung, Indonesia
transmigrants from Java and Bali moved into the area and started to clear the jungle. The site is now preserved as a national monument. The site is surrounded
Pugung_Raharjo
Megalithic pyramid in Banten, Indonesia
megalithic site on the bank of Cibedug river near Citorek village in Banten Province at the west end of the island of Java, Indonesia. There are other
Lebak_Cibedug
City in Central Java, Indonesia
(Javanese: ꦦꦼꦏꦭꦺꦴꦔꦤ꧀) is a city of Central Java, Indonesia. It was formerly the seat of Pekalongan Regency on the northern coast of the province, but is now
Pekalongan
create the sound, native to Sundanese of West Java. Kolintang, an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs, especially
List of Indonesian inventions and discoveries
List_of_Indonesian_inventions_and_discoveries
Hindu mythological creature
symbolism of this stage in the evolution of life. (Note makara in fifth row of animistic carvings in temple wall at right.) The temples of ancient Java is notable
Makara
Physical cultural heritage in Indonesia
include ancient Hindu and Buddhist temples, mosques, historic colonial buildings, forts, art galleries, national parks and beaches. A number of the sites
Cultural properties of Indonesia
Cultural_properties_of_Indonesia
Regency and Town in Java, Indonesia
Central Java in the west. Tuban town covers 21.29 km2 (8.22 sq mi) and in mid-2024 had an officially estimated population of 88,025. As an ancient town,
Tuban
"Group of Monuments at Mandu, Madhya Pradesh". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on May 16, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2022. "Ancient Buddhist
List of World Heritage Sites in India
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_India
National parks of Indonesia
tip of East Java province. The park is famous for its wild Banteng and surfing location at Grajagan Bay. The park's name means first forest or ancient forest
Alas_Purwo_National_Park
deified statue of King Airlangga depicted as Vishnu mounting Garuda from Belahan, probably the most famous statue of Garuda from ancient Java. Now the statue
National_emblem_of_Indonesia
General of British Java (1811 to 1816) had a personal interest in the history, culture, and the antiquity of ancient Java, writing The History of Java, which
Archaeology_of_Indonesia
Buddhist place of worship
classical era of ancient Java also had produces some of the exquisite examples of Buddhist arts, such as the statue of Prajnaparamita and the statue of Buddha
Buddhist_temple
Architectural technique
Dynasty reign of Pharaoh Sneferu (c. 2600 BC), the Ancient Egyptian pyramids used corbel vaults in some of their chambers. These monuments include the Meidum
Corbel_arch
Traditional ensemble music of Indonesia
The earliest image of a musical ensemble is found on the bas-relief of the 8th century Buddhist monument of Borobudur, Central Java. The Borobudur's musicians
Gamelan
depicted many scenes of daily life in 8th-century ancient Java, from the courtly palace life, hermit in the forest, to those of commoners in the village
Culture_of_Indonesia
island of Java many times through history. Even today, the two islands are only separated by the 2.4 km Bali Strait. The ancient occupation of Java itself
History_of_Bali
began the process of excavating, preserving and understanding the archipelago's ancient Hindu and Buddhist period, particularly in Java and the western
Religion_in_Indonesia
Hindu temple in Indonesia
Dieng) are a group of 7th and/or eighth-century Hindu candi or temple compounds located in Dieng Plateau, near Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia. These
Dieng_temples
Retrieved 2023-08-26. Messineo, Gaetano; Borgia, E. (2005). Ancient Sicily: Monuments Past & Present. Getty Publications. p. 12. ISBN 978-88-8162-147-7
List of oldest continuously inhabited cities
List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities
Old palace in Cirebon, Java, Indonesia
official occasions. Indonesia portal List of monarchs of Java Sultanate of Cirebon Schoppert, P., Damais, S., Java Style, 1997, Didier Millet, Paris, pp. 48
Kraton_Kasepuhan
Artworks that are three-dimensional objects
enormous 9th-century Buddhist complex at Borobudur in Java, and the Hindu monuments of Bali. Both of these include many reliefs as well as figures in the
Sculpture
Reconstruction of archeological ruins using their original materials
other small objects. The intent of anastylosis is to rebuild ruined historical architectural monuments from as much of the original material that is left
Anastylosis
Former lake in Central Java
Borobudur is an ancient lake that has been suggested once existed surrounding Borobudur Buddhist monument in Kedu Plain, Central Java, Indonesia. Unlike
Lake_Borobudur
Burial chamber of a deceased person
in Turkey), the grave of King Mausolus, the Persian satrap of Caria, whose large tomb was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Mausolea were
Mausoleum
Writing system used for the Sudanese language
of Sundanese characters. Old Sundanese script (Sundanese: ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮘᮥᮠᮥᮔ᮪, romanized: Aksara Sunda Buhun) is a script that developed in West Java in
Old_Sundanese_script
Capital city of the Khmer Empire
sandstone monuments at Angkor. This direct pressure created by unchecked tourism is expected to cause significant damage to the monuments in the future
Angkor
Armenian photographer
1879, over the course of five months, he explored and photographed the ancient monuments in Ani, the former capital of ancient Armenia. From this expedition
Ohannes_Kurkdjian
Capital city of West Java, Indonesia
Bandung is the capital city of the West Java province of Indonesia. Located on the western highland of Java island, it has one of the coolest climates compared
Bandung
Pala emperor of early 9th century
such as that of Taranatha, state that it was magically built and then entrusted to Devapala. Balaputradeva, the Sailendra king of Java, sent an ambassador
Devapala_of_Bengal
Penis-like object
thenewsminute.com Moertono, Soemarsaid (2009). State and Statecraft in Old Java: A Study of the Later Mataram Period, 16th to 19th Century. Equinoc Publishing
Phallus
Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2016. "Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi"
List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Asia
List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Southern_Asia
Ancient Buddhist temples in Indonesia
red brick and unlike the temples of Java, feature very little ornamentation, carving, or statuary. A few pieces of sculpture are housed in a small, on-site
Muaro_Jambi_Temple_Compounds
Historical city in Sunda Kingdom
capital city of Sunda Kingdom. The location roughly corresponds to modern Bogor city in West Java, Indonesia, approximately around the site of Batu Tulis
Pakuan_Pajajaran
Śailendra dynasty that ruled the Mataram kingdom built a number of massive monuments in Central Java, including the Sewu and Borobudur Buddhist temples. According
History_of_Southeast_Asia
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
Girl/Female
Irish
Ancient.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Ancient
Girl/Female
Irish
Ancient.
Girl/Female
Irish
Ancient.
Girl/Female
Hungarian Latin
Ancient.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Protector of Lord's Moments
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
King Henry IV, Part 1' Earl of March. Scroop.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Prakrut | பà¯à®°à®¾à®•à®°à®¤
Ancient
Prakrut | பà¯à®°à®¾à®•à®°à®¤
Girl/Female
Irish American
Ancient.
Biblical
monument; raised up; sepulcher
Girl/Female
Biblical Latin
Ancient.
Girl/Female
Biblical American Latin
Ancient.
Girl/Female
Irish
Ancient.
Biblical
Ecclesiasticus or the Sirach = Joshua, Joshua, saviour, or whose help is Jehovah Jehovah, I am; the eternal living one Jehovah, self-subsisting
Girl/Female
Irish
Ancient.
Boy/Male
British, English
Good
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Light of Lord's Moments
Boy/Male
Biblical American
Monument; raised up; sepulcher.
Boy/Male
Gaelic Irish
Ancient.
Girl/Female
Indian
Past Happy Moments
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
Boy/Male
English
From the Tree Stump
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
A Writer and a Poetess; Millet Plant
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Wealthy or stubborn.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Heroine of famous folk tale
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place named Christon, possibly the one in Somerset (named with Celtic crūg ‘hill’ + Old English tūn ‘settlement’), but more likely from Christon Bank in Northumberland, the surname now occurring predominantly in the northeastern counties of England.
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Self Restrained
Boy/Male
Muslim
Tall
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Win over the Enemy
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Raud.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Key
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
ANCIENT MONUMENTS-OF-JAVA
n.
Something that surrounds or invests; as, air . . . being a perpetual ambient.
a.
Listening; paying attention; as, audient souls.
n.
A building, pillar, stone, or the like, erected to preserve the remembrance of a person, event, action, etc.; as, the Washington monument; the Bunker Hill monument. Also, a tomb, with memorial inscriptions.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or suitable for, a monument; as, a monumental inscription.
a.
Nodding; as, annuent muscles (used in nodding).
adv.
In an ancient manner.
adv.
In ancient times.
a.
Old; that has been of long duration; of long standing; of great age; as, an ancient forest; an ancient castle.
a.
Serving as a monument; memorial; preserving memory.
n.
Ancient lineage; ancestry; dignity of birth.
a.
Old; that happened or existed in former times, usually at a great distance of time; belonging to times long past; specifically applied to the times before the fall of the Roman empire; -- opposed to modern; as, ancient authors, literature, history; ancient days.
n.
Something to preserve memory; a reminder; a monument; hence, a mark; an image; a superscription; a record.
n.
Antiquity; what is ancient.
n.
A monument consisting of three stones; especially, such a monument forming a kind of doorway, as among the ancient Celts.
a.
Known for a long time, or from early times; -- opposed to recent or new; as, the ancient continent.
v. t.
To express the accent of (either by the voice or by a mark); to utter or to mark with accent.
adv.
By means of monuments.
n.
The ancients; the people of ancient times.
n.
A relic or monument of ancient times; as, a coin, a statue, etc.; an ancient institution. [In this sense, usually in the plural.]