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Political party in Syria
The Arab Baʽath Movement (Arabic: حركة البعث العربي Ḥarakat al-Baʽth al-‘Arabī; lit. Arab Resurrection Movement or Arab Renaissance Movement) was a Ba'athist
Arab_Ba'ath_Movement
Political party in Syria
The Arab Baʽath (Arabic: البعث العربي), also known as the Arab Baʽath Party, was an Arab nationalist political party founded in Syria by Zaki al-Arsuzi
Arab_Ba'ath
Syrian political party (1947–1966)
al-Ishtirākī [ˈħɪzb alˈbaʕθ alˈʕarabiː alɪʃtɪˈraːkiː]), also known simply as the Baʽath Party (Arabic: حزب البعث, lit. 'resurrection party'), was a political party
Ba'ath_Party
Neo-Ba'athist political party
1947 as the Arab Ba'ath Party through the merger of the Arab Ba'ath Movement led by Michel ʿAflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar and the Arab Ba'ath, led by
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Syria_Region
Post-split Iraqi Ba'athist political party
the Baath Party's ideology in Iraq was its secularism. This is a feature it shared with other Pan-Arab groups. In general, the Pan-Arab movement wanted
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Iraq_Region
Aspect of Syrian political history
al-Arsuzi – an Alawite. It was a merger of the Arab Ba'ath, founded and led by al-Arsuzi, and the Arab Ba'ath Movement, led by Aflaq and al-Bitar, which established
History of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
History_of_the_Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Syria_Region
Syrian-dominated faction of the Ba'ath party
referred to as the pro-Syrian Ba'ath movement, is a neo-Ba'athist political party with branches across the Arab world. From 1970 until 2000, the party
Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
Ba'ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)
Iraqi-dominated faction of the Ba'ath party
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (spelled "Ba'th" or "Baath", "resurrection" or "renaissance"; Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-‘Arabī
Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
Ba'ath_Party_(Iraqi-dominated_faction)
Tunisian political party
The Tunisian Ba'ath Movement (Arabic: حركة البعث التونسي Hereket El-Ba'ath Et-Tunsi; French: Mouvement Baath tunisien) is a political party in Tunisia
Tunisian_Ba'ath_Movement
Pan-Arab socialist ideology
Ba'athism, also spelled Baathism, is an Arab nationalist ideology which advocates the establishment of a unified Arab state through the rule of a Ba'athist
Ba'athism
Political party in Algeria
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria (French: Parti Baath arabe socialiste d'Algérie, Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي في الجزائر Hizb Al-Ba'ath
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_of_Algeria
Political ideology
Nahda, or "Arab Awakening" movement during Ottoman rule, Arab nationalism emerged in the early 20th century as an opposition movement in the Arab provinces
Arab_nationalism
Political party in Lebanon
the original on 25 October 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2011. "The Lebanese Baath Party Announces The Death Of Its Leader In Daraa". Wasioun News. 6 July
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Lebanon_Region
Political party in Yemen
international and regional peace. List of political parties in Yemen The BAATH Message No. 230 Archived 28 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine "D.Khalid Alsabaei"
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Yemen_Region
Political ideology
characteristics Arab nationalism Arab fascism Ba'athism Islamic socialism Nasserism Pan-Arabism Third International Theory Marhaenism Titoism "Baath Party". Archived
Arab_socialism
Far-left variant of Ba'athism in Syria
on Syria or to follow a more moderate Arab unionist course which would possibly appease opponents of the Baath. The radicals largely held the upper hand
Neo-Ba'athism
Syrian political party based in France
Socialist Arab Baath Party". Carnegie Middle East Center. Archived from the original on January 8, 2014. Retrieved 2012-09-23. "Kurdish-Arab coalition
Arab Democratic Socialist Ba'ath Party
Arab_Democratic_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party
Ruling organ of the Ba'ath Party, 1954–1966
of Syria. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4934-8. Devlin, John (1975). The Baath Party: a History from its Origins to 1966 (2nd ed.). Hoover Institute Press
National Command of the Ba'ath Party
National_Command_of_the_Ba'ath_Party
Syrian state from 1963 to 2024
on Syria or to follow a more moderate Arab unionist course which would possibly appease opponents of the Baath. The radicals largely held the upper hand
Ba'athist_Syria
Political party in Syria
dissolved in the mid-1970s. The Arab Socialist Union Party of Syria (i.e., the ex-Kiyali faction), which glorifies the Baath presidency and shows virtually
Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
Arab_Socialist_Union_Party_(Syria)
Political party in Libya
Libyan Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (Arabic:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي الليبي Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki Al-Libiy; Italian: Partito Baath Arabo
Libyan Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
Libyan_Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party
Political party in Jordan
The Arab Ba'ath Progressive Party (Arabic: حزب البعث العربي التقدمي Ḥizb al-Baʿṯ al-ʿArabī t-Taqaddumī, Arabic pronunciation: [ˈħiz.b‿al.ˈbaʕ.θ‿al.ˈʕa
Arab_Ba'ath_Progressive_Party
Political party in Sudan
the pro-Iraqi Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Country of Sudan in 2002. Another Sudanese faction, led by Kamal Bolad remained in the pan-Arab party. In 2010
Sudanese_Ba'ath_Party
Volunteer militia made up of Syrian Ba'ath Party members
announced on his Facebook page that "the military operations conducted by Baath forces have completely ended". Despite the Ba'ath Brigades' end, several
Ba'ath_Brigades
Syrian philosopher, sociologist and Arab nationalist (1910–1989)
philosopher, sociologist and Arab nationalist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of Ba'athism and its political movement; he is considered by
Michel_Aflaq
Political party in Sudan
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan (Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي - وطن في السودان Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī - Waṭan fī
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Region_of_Sudan
Front of pan-Arab nationalist parties active during the Lebanese Civil War
of Arab Youth – OAY the Units of the Arab Call – UAC the Movement of Arab Revolution – MAR the Sixth of February Movement the 24 October Movement – 24
Lebanese_National_Movement
Political party in Jordan
Ali Abbas Ahmadi (27 May 2023). "Jordan's re-approval of Baath party sparks outrage in Iraq". The New Arab. Retrieved 21 December 2024. Facebook Page
Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
Jordanian_Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party
Iraq. "The Kurds, a non-Arab people whose language belongs to the Iranian group, have suffered from persecution under the Baath of Iraq and Syria, especially
Racism_in_the_Arab_world
1964–1968 Nasserist political party in Iraq
of the Arab Socialist Union in the United Arab Republic. Later the same day the Arab Nationalist Movement and a number of minor political organizations
Arab_Socialist_Union_(Iraq)
Bilateral relations
"closest ally", the Arab nationalism ideology of Syria's Baath party notwithstanding. During the Iran–Iraq War, Syria sided with non-Arab Iran against its
Arab_League–Iran_relations
Political party in Yemen
القومي" [Arab political parties: Yemen: the Arab Socialist Baath Party, the National] (in Arabic). United Nations Development Programme. Arab Parliament
National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region
National_Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Yemen_Region
Political party in Mauritania
party in Mauritania. It is the Mauritanian regional branch of the Iraqi-led Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي, transliterated:
National_Vanguard_Party
Topics referred to by the same term
Ba'ath Movement (1940–1947), succeeded by the Ba'ath Party Arab Ba'ath (1940–1947), an early Ba'athist party in Syria Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath
Ba'ath_Party_(disambiguation)
Ba'athist political party in Bahrain
It remains pro-Saddam Hussein and, according to its webpage, supports the Arab Spring. It opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq, considering it an act of brutality
Nationalist Democratic Assembly
Nationalist_Democratic_Assembly
Political party in Egypt
suspicion of involvement in an Iraqi terrorist plot. "The statement of the Arab Baath Socialist Party of Egyptian on the aggression against Syria". Aladhwaa
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Egypt Region
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Egypt_Region
1970 coup led by Hafez al-Assad
remaining influence of Aflaqists within the Syrian Baath party. As part of his "corrective movement," at the 11th National Congress Assad introduced a
1970_Syrian_coup_d'etat
Political party in Lebanon
progressive forces, which considerably weakened the influence of the Baath Party in all the Arab countries. Coughlin, Con (2005). Saddam: His Rise and Fall. Harper
Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party
Socialist_Arab_Lebanon_Vanguard_Party
Political party
the Arab Socialist Baath Party who had adopted a Marxist-Leninist political line. After November 18, 1964, the Arabic Toilers' Movement began seeking cooperation
Arabic_Toilers'_Movement
Arab socialist and nationalist political ideology
hammering in almost all monarchical Arab countries, who feared that secular ideologies like pan-Arabism, Baathism, Nasserism, Marxism, and Communism constituted
Nasserism
Political party in Sudan
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Organization of Sudan (Arabic: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي - تنظيم في السودان Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī - Tanẓīm
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Organization of Sudan
Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Organization_of_Sudan
Political party in Palestine
1930s into a family of Arab nationalists. In 1956 he joined the Ba'ath Party in Syria. In 1968 he went to Iraq after the Iraqi Baath coup of 17 July 1968
Arab_Liberation_Front
Ruling organ of the Syrian Ba'athist party and of the Syrian-led Ba'athist movement
Syrian-led Ba'athist movement. Its predecessor, the Regional Command, stems from Ba'athist ideology, where region literally means an Arab state. Until 2012
Central Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
Central_Command_of_the_Arab_Socialist_Ba'ath_Party_–_Syria_Region
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, Sudanese Ba'ath Party Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic – Sahrawi Socialist Baath Party Syria – Democratic Socialist Arab
List of Arab nationalist parties
List_of_Arab_nationalist_parties
International bloc of socialist movements
Unified Socialist Party Greece: Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) Iraq: Arab Socialist Baath Party (ruling party) Italy: Italian Socialist Party Lebanon:
Progressive Socialist Organizations of the Mediterranean
Progressive_Socialist_Organizations_of_the_Mediterranean
Syrian politician (1922–2000)
motto, "One united Arab Nation with an eternal Message." He also served as chief editor of the party's daily newspaper, Al Baath. His daughter, Suheir
Jamal_al-Atassi
Ethnic cleansing of non-Arabs in Iraq (1968–2003)
Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq were rooted in the Baʿath Party's ideology of Arab nationalism and were closely linked to Baghdad's attempts to
Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
Ba'athist_Arabization_campaigns_in_northern_Iraq
Islamic and pan-Arabist armed organization in Iraq
separate Sunni Arab Iraq. Several New Baath Party members have opposed affiliation with JRTN as the party becomes reduced to a militant movement that overshadows
Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
Army_of_the_Men_of_the_Naqshbandi_Order
Iraqi politician (1935–1979)
https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2018/03/baath-party-archives-reveal-brutality-saddam-husseins-rule "Saddam's 1979 Baath Party purge". BBC News. "Maliki leaves
Muhyi_Abdul-Hussein_Mashhadi
Far-left political ideology based on the ideas of the Assad family
on Syria or to follow a more moderate Arab unionist course which would possibly appease opponents of the Baath. The radicals largely held the upper hand
Assadism
Country in West Asia
a founding member of the United Nations and the Arab League, and a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the Organisation
Lebanon
Lebanese political party and militant group
by a coalition of ADP, SSNP, Lebanese Communist Party/Popular Guard, and Baath Party militias, the Syrians managed to defeat decisively the Tawheed in
Islamic_Unification_Movement
6th Vice president of Iraq
media outlets reported that the Baath Party announced his death on 26 October 2020. It is unknown what he died of. Al-Baath Party issued a statement following
Izzat_Ibrahim_al-Douri
flags: Pan Arabism and the Baath party (1963-2003)". Iraq Now. 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2025-06-28. "History of Iraqi flags: Pan Arabism and the Baath party (1963-2003)"
Flag_of_Iraq
Political party in Algeria
capitalist present, the Baath Party in Syria and Iraq, the Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN) in Algeria, and Nasser in Egypt advocated an Arab nationalist/socialist
National Liberation Front (Algeria)
National_Liberation_Front_(Algeria)
President of Syria (1966–1970)
affiliated with the Baath Party since 1944. During his time in Damascus, Atassi actively engaged with the student group associated with the Baath Party. He was
Nureddin_al-Atassi
Syrian doctor and politician
of the most important mechanisms for strengthening the presence of the “Baath Party.”]. Al Watan Newspaper. 9 May 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2024. اليوسف
Ibrahim_al-Hadid
North II (on the list of Faisal Karami). Prior to the election the Arab Socialist Baath Party had suffered a split, with Regional Secretary Assem Qanso and
2018 Lebanese general election
2018_Lebanese_general_election
Iraqi politician
aide to former President of Iraq and leader Saddam Hussein and a regional Baath Party organizer who it appears was trained in Moscow, following the 2003
Mohammed_Younis_al-Ahmed
Faction within the Syrian Ba'ath Party
split in the Ba'athist movement. The regionalist Salah Jadid's policy most radically rejected pan-Arab unity with any of the other Arab countries, where Syria
Qutriyun
Political party in Iraq
the Iraqi Communist Party–Central Command was more hostile towards the Baath Party. The party published the irregular periodical Munadhil al-Hizb ('Party
Iraqi Communist Party – Central Command
Iraqi_Communist_Party_–_Central_Command
Movement advocating unity of Muslims under one state
War II, Arab nationalism overshadowed Islamism which denounced nationalism as un-Islamic. In the Arab world secular pan-Arab parties – Baath and Nasserist
Pan-Islamism
Syrian women's group, 1933–1963
via handicraft and agriculture. In 1963 the Baath Party took power, and in 1967 the Syrian women's movement was incorporated in to the state feminist General
Union of Women's Societies in Damascus
Union_of_Women's_Societies_in_Damascus
Ba'athist slogan
location (link) "Once a leading force, Assad's Baath party wiped off Middle East politics: analysts". Arab News. Retrieved 2025-02-02. Also translated as
Waḥda,_Ḥurriyya,_Ishtirākiyya
Iraqi Communist guerrilla group
that had opposed the alliance between the Iraqi Communist Party and the Baath Party), claims were made that the Pasht Ashan massacre had been deliberately
Al-Ansar_(Iraq)
Iraqi politician (1938–1979)
June 1972. He was elected as a member of the regional leadership of the Baath Party at the beginning of 1974, then was appointed director of the office
Ghanim_Abdul-Jalil
Syrian military leader and politician (1909–1964)
Party of Aleppo, the Communist Party, the Baath Party, and the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood. He banished the Baath leaders Akram al-Hawrani, Michel Aflaq,
Adib_Shishakli
Former central government of Ba'athist Syria
Barron's. 9 December 2024. "Assad's Baath party suspends work indefinitely in Syria". France 24. 11 December 2024. "Baath Party Of Syria's Assad Says Suspends
Government_of_Ba'athist_Syria
Nasserist coup attempt in Syria
"'Al Baath' Challenges Nasser; The political party that rules Syria and Iraq has become a serious contender for leadership of the Arab world. 'Al Baath' Challenges
July_1963_Syrian_coup_attempt
Ba'athist-controlled political front in Syria
ISBN 0-520-06667-7. Taha, Zakaria (2012). The Kurdish opposition and the Baath regime in Syria: between identity dynamics and cooptation strategies. HAL
National Progressive Front (Syria)
National_Progressive_Front_(Syria)
Transnational Sunni Islamist organization
State of Israel. The movement was also supported by Saudi Arabia, with which it shared mutual enemies like communism. The Arab Spring initially brought
Muslim_Brotherhood
Arabic language newspaper
Al-Ali (9 December 2024). "Statement of the Editorial Board of Dar Al-Baath". Al-Ba'ath (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 9 December 2024.
Al-Ba'ath
Indirect conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia
April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2018. "Saddam's 'king of clubs' reappears on Baath anniversary". Rudaw. 8 April 2018. Archived from the original on 26 September
Iran–Saudi_Arabia_proxy_war
Syrian philosopher (1899–1968)
sociologist, historian, and Arab nationalist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of Ba'athism and its political movement. He published several
Zaki_al-Arsuzi
Public purge of the Iraqi Ba'ath Party by Saddam Hussein
provide Syria with the financial support originally offered during the 1978 Arab League summit. This agreement was eventually halted in 1980 with the outbreak
1979_Ba'ath_Party_purge
Somali military commander and revolutionary
Eritrean causes. In reality, it appeared to be an Arab revolutionary collaboration involving the Baath parties of Iraq and Syria, facilitated by the PDRY
Mohamed_Farah_Dalmar_Yusuf
Druze led Protests in Syria
in Syria Summon Echoes of Arab Spring". New York Times. Archived from the original on 31 August 2023. "August 10 Movement': Who are Syria's new opposition
Southern Syria protests (2023–24)
Southern_Syria_protests_(2023–24)
Parliament Speaker of Iraq (1996 – 2003)
he secretly began organizing the Baath Party. The group issued a statement entitled "Democracy, evacuation, and Arab unity are the goals of the people
Sa'dun_Hammadi
Assyrian political activist (1951–1985)
three where executed by the Baath regime on February 3 by hanging, the three Assyrians were reportedly executed by the Baath regime for distributing literature
Yousip_Toma
Iraqi state from 1968 to 2003
Socialism in Ba'athist parlance means Arab socialism. Arab socialism is distinct from the international socialist movement, opposing Marx's rejection of nationalism
Ba'athist_Iraq
OAPEC petroleum embargo
stated war aim of Iran was to overthrow the Baath regime in Iraq. As a consequence, Saudi Arabia and the other Arab Gulf states leaned in a very pro-Iraqi
1973_oil_crisis
President of Syria from 1971 to 2000
Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691122724. Devlin, John (1975). The Baath Party: a History from its Origins to 1966 (2nd ed.). Hoover Institution
Hafez_al-Assad
1966 neo-Ba'athist military coup in Syria
known as the 23 February Movement) refers to events between 21 and 23 February during which the government of the Syrian Arab Republic was overthrown and
1966_Syrian_coup_d'état
Political phrase related to the Palestine region
Jewish organization. Patterson, David (2010). "'Secular' Offshoots: The Baath Party and the PLO". A Genealogy of Evil: Anti-Semitism from Nazism to Islamic
From_the_river_to_the_sea
National Movement which collapsed in the aftermath of the Israeli invasion of June 1982, joined the Front. And so did the Syrian Organization of the Baath party
National Salvation Front (Lebanon)
National_Salvation_Front_(Lebanon)
الثالثة Tunisia Forward Tunisian Ba'ath Movement (حركة البعث تونس, Mouvement Baath de Tunisie) Tunisian Movement for Freedom and Dignity Tunisian National
List of political parties in Tunisia
List_of_political_parties_in_Tunisia
Political party in Iraqi Kurdistan
Kurds, welcomed the February 1963 Iraqi coup d'état, believing the various Baath assurances that Kurdish autonomy would be guaranteed. Unfortunately for
Kurdistan_Democratic_Party
1975–1990 conflict in Lebanon
Paris, 2006, Lebanon Chapter (ISBN 978-2-296-00469-6). Al-Baath wa-Lubnân [Arabic only] ("The Baath and Lebanon"), NY Firzli, Beirut, Dar-al-Tali'a Books
Lebanese_Civil_War
Syrian politician
Hilal Hilal. "Comrade Abdullah Alahmar Assistant Secretary General of the Baath Arab Socialist Party". 3 September 2015. Archived from the original on 29 January
Abdullah_al-Ahmar
Unicameral legislature of Syria
Barron's. 9 December 2024. "Assad's Baath party suspends work indefinitely in Syria". France 24. 11 December 2024. "Baath Party Of Syria's Assad Says Suspends
People's_Assembly_of_Syria
Ethnoreligious group in Iraq
battle in which Muslim Arab armies defeated the Persian Empire), and Iranian propaganda used Shia keywords such as Karbala. The Baath government executed
Shia_Islam_in_Iraq
April 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015. "Sharaa's New Party: Reviving the Baath in Disguise?". The Syrian Observer. 31 October 2025. Bibliography Moubayed
List of prime ministers of Syria
List_of_prime_ministers_of_Syria
Ba'athist politician
ISBN 978-0-8108-4330-1. Metz, Helen Chapin, ed. (1988). "Iraq — Politics: The Baath Party". Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress Country Studies. Retrieved
Fuad_al-Rikabi
League of Arab States (Arab League) that supported Kuwait against Iraqi pressure soon replaced them. The boundary issue again arose when the Baath Party came
Territorial disputes in the Persian Gulf
Territorial_disputes_in_the_Persian_Gulf
Yemeni women's rights activist, Politician and author
Al-Baath Printing Press, and as a professor of Arabic languages and Islamic law at the University of Aden. She contributed to the Liberation movement against
Radhia_Ihsan
Lebanese Christian political party
Patriotic Movement candidates joined the list led by the former regional secretary of the Baath Party, Faiz Shukr. In South III the Future Movement, the Free
Free_Patriotic_Movement
1963 Ba'athist military coup in Syria
environment that the ideology of Ba'athism came into being. The Arab Ba'ath Movement was established by Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar in the
1963_Syrian_coup_d'état
history of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party from its founding in 1947 to its dissolution in 1966. The party was founded on 7 April 1947 as the Arab Ba'ath Party
History_of_the_Ba'ath_Party
Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
Syria in 1946, but in particular the Baath governments since 1963, pursued an often brutal policy of Arabization. In his report for the 12th session of
Human rights in the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
Human_rights_in_the_Democratic_Autonomous_Administration_of_North_and_East_Syria
executed by the Baath regime on 3 February 1985 by hanging without a legal trial; the three Assyrians were reportedly executed by the Baath regime for distributing
Youbert_Shlimon
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT
ARAB BAATH-MOVEMENT