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Ballistics measure of a weapon system's precision
Circular error probable (CEP), also circular error probability or circle of equal probability, is a measure of a weapon system's precision in the military
Circular_error_probable
Measure of statistical dispersion
6745\times \sigma } (). Average absolute deviation Circular error probable Confidence interval Standard error Dodge, Y. (2006) The Oxford Dictionary of Statistical
Probable_error
Statistical concept
well-known measure of accuracy for a group of projectiles is the circular error probable (CEP), which is the number R such that, on average, half of the
Mixture_model
Israeli made long-range cruise missile
used for prolonged combat. Flight range: > 200 km Weight: 140 kg Circular error probable : 1 m Guidance System: Electro-Optical (EO), IIR, HD VIS, Semi-Active
Wind_Demon
Targeting device on US bombers during World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam War
During prewar testing the Norden demonstrated a 150 feet (46 m) circular error probable (CEP), an astonishing performance for that period. This precision
Norden_bombsight
Bomb controllable from an external device
GBU) is a precision-guided munition designed to achieve a smaller circular error probable (CEP). The creation of precision-guided munitions resulted in the
Guided_bomb
Straight-pull bolt action carbine
circle of the mentioned diameter at that distance. The employed circular error probable method cannot be converted and is not comparable to US military
K31
firearm and ammunition will have an associated value, known as the circular error probable (CEP), defined as the radius of a circle whose boundary is expected
Longest_recorded_sniper_kills
Long-range, precise air-launched air-to-ground standoff cruise missile
SLAM-ER is a very accurate weapon; as of 2009 it had the best circular error probable (CEP) of any missile used by the U.S. Navy. In 1999, Boeing and
AGM-84H/K_SLAM-ER
Ukrainian defence technology company
flight for up to 250 seconds and achieves an estimated accuracy (circular error probable, CEP) of about 14 m when launched from ground-based platforms for
Fire_Point_(Ukrainian_firm)
Air-to-surface missile
missile offers several key features, such as high accuracy with a Circular Error Probable of 3 metres (9.8 ft), day and night operation in all weather conditions
ROCKS_(missile)
Russian precision guided rocket
either an airborne or land based source, to "paint" a target. Circular error probable (CEP) is about 0.8 to 1.8 m, while maximum ranges of rockets varies
Ugroza
Naval artillery system
projectile and propellant portions and was to be highly precise, with a circular error probable (CEP) of 50 m (160 ft) or less. Lockheed Martin's flight test of
Advanced_Gun_System
"Smart bombs", used to strike targets precisely
precisely hit a predetermined target, typically with a margin of error (or circular error probable, CEP) that is far smaller than conventional unguided munitions
Precision-guided_munition
Military co-ordination of artillery fire
the historical standard was for the impact to occur within one circular error probable (CEP) of the designated target. CEP is the area on and around the
Time_on_target
Probability distribution
ballistics, the Rayleigh distribution is used for calculating the circular error probable—a measure of a gun's precision. In physical oceanography, the distribution
Rayleigh_distribution
Soviet 7.62×39mm assault rifle
weapons at each range. The following table represents the Russian circular error probable method for determining accuracy, which involves drawing two circles
AK-47
Air-launched cruise missile / loitering munition
It is designed to target moving and re-locatable targets with a circular error probable (CEP) of 1 metre (3 ft 3 in). Unlike a typical cruise missile,
Delilah_(missile)
German service rifle from 1898 to 1935
a maximum dispersion of no more than 4.1 MOA was allowed. The circular error probable method employed by the Germans and other European militaries cannot
Gewehr_98
Type of explosive arms
velocities, is twofold. It results in a tighter target impact circular error probable and therefore by extension, reduces the need for the earlier generation
Nuclear_weapons_delivery
Chinese anti-ship missile
GNSS + Passive Radar Seeker," potentially for anti-ship with a circular error probable (CEP) of 5 m (16 ft)., and "INS-GNSS+IR/TV Seeker", with a CEP
CM-400
Soviet assault rifle
horizontal measurements of the reduced groups to measure accuracy. This circular error probable method used by the Russian and other European militaries cannot
AKM
German bolt-action rifle
of the reduced groups are then used to measure accuracy. This circular error probable method used by the German and other European militaries cannot
Karabiner_98k
Topics referred to by the same term
laser pulse Cep, abbreviation for the Cepheus (constellation) Circular error probable, of weapon precision Complex event processing, of real-time events
Cep_(disambiguation)
Preemptive attack using nuclear weapons
Cuban Missile Crisis over 20 years before.[citation needed] CEP – circular error probable; the radius within which a weapon aimed at a given point will land
First strike (nuclear strategy)
First_strike_(nuclear_strategy)
Stealth missile destroyer class of the US Navy
the warhead has an 24-pound (11 kg) bursting charge and has a circular error probable of 160 feet (50 m). This weapon system has a range of 83 nautical
Zumwalt-class_destroyer
Ballistic missile with a range of more than 5,500 kilometres
to be impractical. Minimization of circular error probable is crucial, because halving the circular error probable decreases the needed warhead energy
Intercontinental ballistic missile
Intercontinental_ballistic_missile
American air-to-surface missile
miles (7.1–11 km) depending on trajectory. The Hellfire has a Circular Error Probable (CEP) of less than 3 feet (0.91 m). The AGM-114R "Romeo" Hellfire
AGM-114_Hellfire
South Korean air-launched cruise missile
Navigation (IBN) and Automatic Target Recognition (ATR), achieving a circular error probable (CEP) of just 1–2 meters. Designed for low-altitude, terrain-following
KALCM_Cheonryong
Russian general-purpose machine gun and its variants
000 m (1,094 yd). The Russian and other European militaries use a circular error probable method that assumes a 50% hit probability (R50). For heavier employment
PK_machine_gun
U.S. Army smart munitions system
conventional unguided M549A1 155 mm artillery projectile has a circular error probable (CEP) of 267 m (876 ft) at its maximum range, meaning that half
M1156_precision_guidance_kit
Unpowered laser guided bomb
the Paveway II, 99 deliveries of guided munitions will yield a circular error probable (CEP) of only 3.6 feet (1.1 m), versus a CEP of 310 feet (94 m)
GBU-12_Paveway_II
Artillery guidance system used by the Israeli Army
receiver to adjust the trajectory of the shell in flight with a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m at up to 40 km with a unit cost of US$20,000. In
TopGun_(artillery)
South Korean missile series
is under a 550-kilometer striking range. Its accuracy is 30 m circular error probable. The upgraded version of Hyunmoo-2B, named Hyunmoo-2C, was unveiled
Hyunmoo
High amount of military value in nuclear strategy concerning targeting
originally proposed during the Cold War. Because of the low accuracy (circular error probable) of early generation intercontinental ballistic missiles (and especially
Counterforce
Israeli loitering munition
54 nmi) Endurance: 2 hours Armament Warhead: up to 7.7 kg (17 lb) Circular error probable (CEP): <1 m (3 ft 3 in) Triple-homing capabilities - utilizing
IAI_Harpy
French short-range ballistic missile
guidance system which used a GPS-based digital system, resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m, compared to a CEP of 100 m for the standard version
Hadès
American ballistic missile
target area, the Pershing II had an accuracy of 30 metres (100 ft) circular error probable. If the radar guidance failed, the inertial guidance would keep
Pershing_II
Rocket artillery
34–45 km (21–28 mi). It is spin-stabilized in flight but has a proven circular error probable in excess of 500 metres (1,600 feet), making it a highly inaccurate
Oghab
American TV-guided bomb
Eglin Air Force Base during August 1943. During testing the GB-4's circular error probable accuracy was found to be 200 feet (61 m). The type was ordered
GB-4
Swiss assault rifle
elevation dispersion must have averaged 7 cm (2.8 in). The employed circular error probable method cannot be converted and is not comparable to US military
SIG_SG_550
American long-range, subsonic cruise missile
Matching Area Correlation (DSMAC) system or GPS, producing a claimed circular error probable of about 30 feet (10 m). The Tomahawk Weapon System consists of
Tomahawk_missile
South Korean self-propelled 155 mm howitzer
guns including Dhanush, ATAGS and K9 Vajra-T. It will achieve a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m (33 ft) against 500 m (1,600 ft) CEP for conventional
K9_Thunder
Ballistic missile payload containing multiple warheads which are independently targetable
information limits the warhead target accuracy. Accuracy is expressed as circular error probable (CEP). This is the radius of the circle that the warhead has a
Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle
Multiple_independently_targetable_reentry_vehicle
Multi-dimensional version of a confidence interval
also not very large. Bootstrapping approaches can also be used. Circular error probable Linear regression Confidence band Credible region Draper and Smith
Confidence_region
Arabia with conventional high-explosive warheads. However their low circular error probable accuracy (1–1.5 km (0.62–0.93 mi)) makes them unsuitable for effective
Saudi Arabia and weapons of mass destruction
Saudi_Arabia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Propagation of error with varying topology
^{2}+\operatorname {NDOP} ^{2}+\operatorname {VDOP} ^{2}}}\end{aligned}}} Circular error probable GNSS positioning calculation Richard B. Langley (May 1999). "Dilution
Dilution_of_precision
North Korean ICBM under development
GPS or optical sensors to increase accuracy, with an estimated circular error probable of 3–5 km (1.9–3.1 mi). South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff alleges
Hwasong-20
North Korean mobile intermediate-range ballistic missile
inventory of the missile is less than 50 launchers. The missile has a circular error probable of 1,600 m (5,200 ft) and is capable of carrying a 500–1,200 kg
Hwasong-10
Artillery rocket
stability and accuracy. At range, the 9M21 has a nominal CEP (circular error probable) of 400 meters. Western intelligence estimated that its CEP at
9K52_Luna-M
Intercontinental ballistic missile
during the Cold War, and proceeded rapidly. Limited accuracy with a circular error probable (CEP) of about 0.6 to 0.8 nautical miles (1.1 to 1.5 km) and a
LGM-118_Peacekeeper
Short-range ballistic missile
booster. A 60-pound (27 kg) payload could be boosted to a 210-mile (340 km) circular orbit, or to an elliptical orbit with a 700-mile (1,130 km) apogee. Pegasus
MGM-31_Pershing
Laser-guided bomb system in Israel
vertical top attack profile. IAI claims this gives the weapon a circular error probable of 5 metres. IAI (which is owned by the Government of Israel) has
Griffin_LGB
American nuclear recoilless gun
Program documentation for the weapon indicates that the weapon had a circular error probable (CEP) of less than 160 ft (50 m). Brigadier General Alvin Cowan
Davy Crockett (nuclear device)
Davy_Crockett_(nuclear_device)
Response to a powerful first nuclear strike
strike from another nuclear power. Because of the low accuracy (circular error probable) of early-generation intercontinental ballistic missiles (and especially
Second_strike
1970s short-range ballistic missile of American origin
is spin stabilized in flight to improve accuracy, achieving a circular error probable of 492 ft (150 m). The Lance used stable liquid propellants. The
MGM-52_Lance
Nuclear weapons used on strategic targets outside of battlefields
mission often near friendly forces. Early ICBMs had an unfavorable circular error probable (CEP); the strategic missiles and, in some conditions, bombers
Strategic_nuclear_weapon
Factor that gives military assets the ability to accomplish greater feats than without it
PGMs commonly put a bomb within 3–10 meters of its target (see circular error probable), and most carry an explosive charge significant enough that this
Force_multiplication
155 mm base bleed artillery round
ballistic trajectory, which reduces the Range Probable Error or RPE. (See also Circular Error Probable.) The M1128 uses the "base burn" or "base bleed"
M1128_projectile
North Korean short-range ballistic missile
adjusts its trajectory to precisely strike the target. The missile's circular error probable is 7 m (23 ft), according to North Korean state media. The KN-18
KN-18
Science of the motion of projectiles
transport) Ballistic limit Ballistic trauma Bloodstain pattern analysis Circular error probable Gunshot residue Hydrostatic shock L.T.E. Thompson Microscopes and
Ballistics
American GPS bomb guidance kit
altitudes, and ranges. The OCD program demonstrated a 36-foot (11 m) Circular Error Probable (CEP). Eager to arm the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber, which lacked
Joint_Direct_Attack_Munition
American ICBM
the Minuteman fleet. The Minuteman was initially deployed with a circular error probable (CEP) of about 1.1 nautical miles (2.0 km; 1.3 mi), but this had
LGM-30_Minuteman
scene-matching terminal-homing system. The missile is estimated to have a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 meters. The ChangJian-10 (Long Sword 10) is a cruise
Nuclear_weapons_of_China
Yugoslav self-propelled multiple rocket launcher
128mm rocket with a range of 50 kilometres (31 mi) and improved circular error probable (CEP) will be produced by Krušik. For the needs of the Serbian
M-77_Oganj
Israel made anti-tank guided missile
and the missile hits the target at an accuracy of 0.7 m (2.3 ft) circular error probable (CEP) and an angle of over 30 degrees, providing effective penetration
LAHAT
British reconnaissance strike aircraft prototype
OR.1177 specified 50, 100, 200 and 300 kt yields, assuming a circular error probable of 1,200 ft (370 m) and a damage probability of 0.8, and laydown
BAC_TSR-2
Counter-battery radar system
locate guns at 15–20 km and 120 mm mortars at 30–35 km with a circular error probable of 0.45% of range. This is accurate enough for effective counter-battery
ARTHUR
Swiss battle rifle of 1957
300 m from a machine rest averages 6 cm (2.4 in). The employed circular error probable method cannot be converted and is not comparable to US military
SIG_SG_510
Type of anti-ship weapon
re-entry vehicle (MaRV) would then home-in on the target with a circular error probable (CEP) of 400 yards (370 m). Warhead yield was between 0.5–1 megatonnes
Anti-ship_ballistic_missile
Chinese military intermediate cartridge
be within a circle of the mentioned diameter at that range. The circular error probable method employed by the Chinese and other (European) militaries
5.8×42mm
Cancelled American artillery shell
(propellant and projectile): 220 cm (88 in) Guidance: GPS/INS Precision: Circular error probable of 50 m (160 ft) or less Range: 100 nautical miles (190 km) max
Long Range Land Attack Projectile
Long_Range_Land_Attack_Projectile
British/American 155 mm towed artillery
kilometres (15 mi), within 10 m (33 ft) of their target, suggesting a circular error probable of 5 m (16 ft). In June 2012, Golf Battery, 2nd Battalion, 11th
M777_howitzer
American precision-guided glide bomb
functions, including air burst and delayed options. The SDB I has a circular error probable (CEP) precision of 3 ft (1 m). CEP is reduced by updating differential
GBU-39_Small_Diameter_Bomb
Soviet/Russian tactical ballistic missile
was about 15 km (9.3 mi), maximum range was 70 km (43 mi). Its circular error probable (CEP) is estimated to be about 150 m (490 ft). The improved Tochka-U
OTR-21_Tochka
American tactical ballistic missile
513 produced between 2004 and 2013. Accuracy is 30 ft (9 m) CEP (Circular Error Probable). Range: 43 to 190 mi (70 to 300 km). M57E1 (ATACMS MOD or MOD
ATACMS
Iranian short-range ballistic missile
with 100 km being the minimum range. Apart from the decreased CEP (circular error probability) value and greater range, the technical features of the
Qiam_1
Serbian self-propelled multiple rocket launcher
called "Šumadija" and now "Јерина-1" with range of 285 km and circular error probable less than 150 meters if missile rely only on Inertial navigation
Šumadija (multiple rocket launcher)
Šumadija_(multiple_rocket_launcher)
Unmanned aerial vehicle and loitering munition
be added. It also has a high-precision targeting system with a circular error probable (CEP) of 2 meters, as well as proprietary encryption for safe video
Nagastra-1
Indian weapons production company
guns including Dhanush, ATAGS and K9 Vajra-T. It will achieve a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m (33 ft) against 500 m (1,600 ft) CEP for conventional
Munitions_India
Russian submarine
100 kt multiple independently targeted reentry vehicles, and has a circular error probable of 500 metres (1,600 ft). It is also equipped with RPK-7 Veter
Russian submarine Ekaterinburg
Russian_submarine_Ekaterinburg
American class of submarine-launched ballistic missile
range. Trident II (designated D5) had the objective of improved circular error probable (CEP), or accuracy, and was first deployed in 1990, and was planned
Trident_(missile)
Ukrainian guided missile for MLRS
aerodynamic vanes that extend during the final approach to achieve a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m. The upgraded Vilkha-M uses the improved R624M rocket
Vilkha
Unpowered guided weapon
the Paveway II, 99 deliveries of guided munitions will yield a circular error probable (CEP) of only 3.6 feet (1.1 m), compared to a CEP of 310 feet (94 m)
GBU-10_Paveway_II
Doctrine of military strategy
a counterforce second strike, due to: Their high accuracy (low circular error probable), compared to submarine-launched ballistic missiles which used
Mutually_assured_destruction
155 mm guided artillery shell
57 kilometers (25 to 35 mi) depending on configuration, with a circular error probable (CEP) of 4 meters (13 ft), while unguided Western artillery shells
M982_Excalibur
Arabia with conventional high-explosive warheads. However their low circular error probable accuracy (1–1.5 km (0.62–0.93 mi)) makes them unsuitable for effective
Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia
Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia
Indian 155 mm howitzer
guns including Dhanush, ATAGS and K9 Vajra-T. It will achieve a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m (33 ft) against 500 m (1,600 ft) CEP for conventional
ATAGS_(howitzer)
Variety of methods of guiding a missile
calculations and increases circular error probable. Stellar-inertial guidance is used to correct small position and velocity errors that result from launch
Missile_guidance
Nuclear stand-off air-launched cruise missile
enough to fly this distance and hit its targets within the desired circular error probable (CEP). Vickers, who had worked on the somewhat similar Blue Boar
Blue_Steel_(missile)
Nuclear air-to-surface missile
sometimes called an "over-the-shoulder" launch. The missile had a circular error probable (CEP) of about 1,400 feet (430 m) and a maximum range of 110 nautical
AGM-69_SRAM
Short-range ballistic missile
kilometres (280 mi), with an accuracy of 100 meters to 150 meters Circular Error Probable (CEP). It is equipped with either inertial guidance or traditional
Abdali-I
US Navy cruise missile
at Mach 0.85, a 3,000-pound (1,400 kg) warhead, and a circular error probable (margin of error) of 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km). Regulus was designed to
SSM-N-8_Regulus
Form of surveillance using a body-worn electronic device
outdoor positioning accuracy in newer devices reaches sub-two-meter circular error probable (CEP), a substantial improvement over the 10-meter accuracy threshold
Electronic_tagging
Medium-range ballistic missile
and China are covered by Hwasong-7's range. It has an estimated circular error probable (CEP) of 1,000–2,000 m (3,300–6,600 ft), but it can be reduced
Hwasong-7
MRBM/IRBM
consisting of a single 500 kt nuclear warhead, with an estimated circular error probable (CEP) of 300~400 m; this version did not enter operational service
DF-21
Indian 155 mm howitzer
guns including Dhanush, ATAGS and K9 Vajra-T. It will achieve a circular error probable (CEP) of 10 m (33 ft) against 500 m (1,600 ft) CEP for conventional
Dhanush_(howitzer)
Self-propelled, modular multiple rocket launcher
with the possible execution of programmed combat mission. The circular error probable (CEP) is less than 15 meters. The system has the ability to accept
LRSVM_Tamnava
Heavy Mortar
was responsive and accurate, with most rounds landing within a circular error probable (CEP) of 15 m (49 ft) at a range of 5,600 m (18,400 ft). During
2R2M_mortar
Series of short-range ballistic missiles
computer library (DSMAC). In this way, it was thought to attain a circular error probable (CEP) of 50 m. North Korea obtained its first Scud-Bs from Egypt
Scud_missile
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Terror.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Circular; Resembles a Wheel
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Tamil
Terror; Kings; Royal
Female
Arthurian
, error for Nineve (q.v.).
Male
English
Scottish surname transferred to forename use, from a place name possibly ERROL means "to wander."Â
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Terror.
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, Gaelic, Irish
Terror; Lovers
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Wanderering Noble
Boy/Male
Hindu
King of terror
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Circular; Resembles a Wheel
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Terror.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, Christian, Danish, English, German, Jamaican, Latin, Scottish
To Wander; Nobleman; Leader; Earl; Wanderer
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord vishnus weapon, Circular
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Terror.
Boy/Male
English American German Latin Scottish
Army commander. Army, weald power. Also can be a, meaning nobleman. Famous bearer: Australian...
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Without Error
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Error-less
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord vishnus weapon, Circular
Male
Swiss
, axe, or, terror.
Boy/Male
Tamil
King of terror
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, Jamaican, Spanish
A Treeless Plain; From the Open Plain
Male
Greek
(ΔιονÏσιος) Greek name derived from the name of the god Dionysos, DIONYSIOS means "follower of Dionysos."
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian
Certain; Eternal
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Harvard.
Boy/Male
Basque Spanish American Arabic
Owns a new house.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from a short form of the personal name Cudbert (see Cuthbert).Americanized spelling of German Kötting or the variant Kotting (see Koetting).
Girl/Female
Tamil
Existing in two forms, Spiritual
Boy/Male
Tamil
Ruler
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Sky; Strong; Brave
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Five Good Things
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
CIRCULAR ERROR-PROBABLE
n.
Exemption from error.
n.
The difference between the observed value of a quantity and that which is taken or computed to be the true value; -- sometimes called residual error.
n.
Liability to error.
a.
A sleeveless cloak, cut in circular form.
a.
Nearly circular.
n.
Misguidance; error.
a.
Circular; illogical.
n.
Mistake; error; fault.
v. t.
To cause to pass from place to place, or from person to person; to spread; as, to circulate a report; to circulate bills of credit.
adv.
In a circular manner.
a.
Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior. See Cyclic poets, under Cyclic.
a.
Addressed to a circle, or to a number of persons having a common interest; circulated, or intended for circulation; as, a circular letter.
a.
In the form of, or bounded by, a circle; round.
n.
A wandering or deviation from the right course or standard; irregularity; mistake; inaccuracy; something made wrong or left wrong; as, an error in writing or in printing; a clerical error.
a.
A circular letter, or paper, usually printed, copies of which are addressed or given to various persons; as, a business circular.
n.
A mistake in the proceedings of a court of record in matters of law or of fact.
a.
Perfect; complete.
n.
A fault of a player of the side in the field which results in failure to put out a player on the other side, or gives him an unearned base.
v. i.
To move circularly; to form a circle; to circulate.
a.
repeating itself; ending in itself; reverting to the point of beginning; hence, illogical; inconclusive; as, circular reasoning.