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Active antennas that are designed to resist radio jamming
Controlled reception pattern antennas (CRPA) are active antennas that are designed to resist radio jamming and spoofing. They are used in navigation applications
Controlled reception pattern antenna
Controlled_reception_pattern_antenna
Ukrainian cruise missile
navigation is by satellite navigation using a jamming-resistant, controlled reception pattern antenna layout. Claimed accuracy is a CEP of 14 m (46 ft) in ideal
FP-5_Flamingo
Rectangular two-element array antenna
The Moxon antenna or Moxon rectangle is a simple and mechanically rugged two-element parasitic array, single-frequency antenna. It takes its name from
Moxon_antenna
Electric antennae
such stages is unidirectional. Smart antenna Controlled reception pattern antenna Ulrich L. Rohde: Active Antennas, RF Design, May/June 1981 Ulrich L.
Active_antenna
Topics referred to by the same term
CRPA can mean: Controlled reception pattern antenna California Rifle and Pistol Association This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the
CRPA
90° angle to the antenna. It is also possible to feed the antenna asymmetrically. Due to the low-angle radiation pattern this antenna has, it performs
Sloper_antenna
Radio jamming of satellite navigation signals
sophisticated controlled reception pattern antennas can adaptively reshape their receptive fields, allowing them to focus their reception on or "tune out"
GNSS_jamming
Antenna constructions for different applications
summaries of multiple different types of antennas used for radio receiving or transmitting systems. Antennas are typically grouped into categories based
Antenna_types
Advanced smart antenna
(an abbreviation of adaptive antenna) is an advanced smart antenna, using multichannel controlled reception pattern antenna (CRPA), designed for various
ADA_(smart_antenna)
Antenna used with a television to receive television programs
types exist. Many have a dial on the antenna with a number of different settings to alter the antenna's reception pattern. This should be rotated with the
Television_antenna
Non-commercial use of the radio spectrum
also affect transmissions: The United Kingdom measures at the point the antenna is connected to the signal feed cable, which means the radio system may
Amateur_radio
Dipole antenna optimized for operation in the High Frequency bands
this antenna in 1946. It is very popular in the United States. The antenna can be erected as horizontal dipole, as sloper, or an inverted-V antenna. With
G5RV_antenna
Type of spoofing attack
into the antenna design (a horizon-blocking antenna). A much more advanced approach along these lines is the controlled reception pattern antenna, which
GNSS_spoofing
Redundancy method to improve communications reliability
systems (diversity reception), the analog has also proven valuable for transmitting systems (transmit diversity) as well. Inherently an antenna diversity scheme
Antenna_diversity
Type of radio antenna consisting of a loop or coil
them self-resonant at that frequency. Large loop antennas have a two-lobe dipole like radiation pattern at their first, full-wave resonance, peaking in
Loop_antenna
Technology development overview
development center Ground stations Antenna tracking system Controlled reception pattern antenna – Active antennas that are designed to resist radio jamming
Outline of artificial satellites
Outline_of_artificial_satellites
Type of radio-wave propagation
practical distinction arises solely from different desirable radiation patterns of the antennas (near vertical for NVIS, near horizontal for conventional long-range
Near vertical incidence skywave
Near_vertical_incidence_skywave
Device that transmits and receives radio waves
Since antennas obey reciprocity, the same radiation pattern applies both to transmission as well as reception of radio waves. A hypothetical antenna that
Antenna_(radio)
Set of multiple antennas which work together
An antenna array (or array antenna) is a set of multiple connected antennas which work together as a single antenna, to transmit or receive radio waves
Antenna_array
Shortwave antenna
Isotron is the trade name for a shortwave antenna marketed by Bilal Co. for use as an amateur radio transmitting antenna for restricted spaces. It is physically
Isotron
Antenna consisting of two rod-shaped conductors
[full citation needed] The dipole is any one of a class of antennas producing a radiation pattern approximating that of an elementary electric dipole with
Dipole_antenna
Class of directive antennas
the pattern vertically. This allows the designer to tailor the reception pattern, and thus the gain, by moving the elements about. If the antenna is properly
Reflective_array_antenna
Class of radio antenna
frequency monopole antennas Retractable quarter-wave whip antenna for FM reception on a portable radio, 88 - 108 MHz Rubber ducky antenna on walkie-talkie
Monopole_antenna
Signal processing technique for sensor arrays
arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. This is achieved by combining elements in an antenna array in such a way that signals at particular
Beamforming
Type of radio frequency antenna
resonant antennas (parasitic elements), absorbing and reradiating radio waves from the mast, disturbing the radiation pattern of the antenna. To prevent
Mast_radiator
Communication equipment
performance. Other than antenna or space diversity, there are other diversity techniques such as frequency/time diversity, antenna pattern diversity, and polarization
Base_transceiver_station
Ultra high frequency radio to transmit TV
the antenna included UHF reception at all. (In the practice of electrical engineering, the frequency range in which an antenna is to be used is an important
UHF_television_broadcasting
Radio antenna that radiates extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves
antenna, transmission line antenna, and in technical literature as a horizontal electric dipole (HED), is a huge, specialized type of radio antenna that
Ground_dipole
Antenna based on the concept of Fresnel zone
Fresnel zone antennas are antennas that focus the signal by using the phase shifting property of the antenna surface or its shape. There are several types
Fresnel_zone_antenna
Type of parabolic antenna
A satellite dish is a dish-shaped type of parabolic antenna designed to receive or transmit information by radio waves to or from a communication satellite
Satellite_dish
System used in radar to improve accuracy
offsetting the feed slightly. The resulting pattern, at any one instant in time, covers the midline of the antenna for about 0.5 degrees, and 1.5 degrees to
Conical_scanning
Part of air traffic control
air traffic. It consists of a rotating ground antenna and transponders in aircraft. The ground antenna sweeps a narrow vertical beam of microwaves around
Air traffic control radar beacon system
Air_traffic_control_radar_beacon_system
Technical design of the components of a radar and its operation
This is done electronically, with a phased array antenna, or mechanically by rotating a physical antenna. The emitter and the receiver can be in the same
Radar_engineering
Object detection system using radio waves
two straight antennas at right angles for reception, each on a different display. The maximum return would be detected with an antenna at right angles
Radar
American longwave time signal radio station
receivers with simple antennas to receive the signal. This resulted in the introduction of many new low-cost radio controlled clocks that "set themselves"
WWVB
Type of phased-array radar
electronically scanned array (AESA) is a type of phased array antenna, which is a computer-controlled antenna array in which the beam of radio waves can be electronically
Active electronically scanned array
Active_electronically_scanned_array
Use of multiple antennas in radio
array, each having a different spatial signature—gain phase pattern at the receiver’s antennas. These distinct array signatures allow the receiver to separate
MIMO
Class of antennas
Metamaterial antennas are a class of antennas which use metamaterials to increase performance of miniaturized (electrically small) antenna systems. Their
Metamaterial_antenna
Uses of radio and radio waves
dipole antenna on top of the TV, but viewers in fringe reception areas typically require an outdoor antenna mounted on the roof to get adequate reception. Satellite
Applications_of_radio
Electromagnetic wave range of 30–300 MHz
antenna. For television reception, the Yagi is used, as well as the log-periodic antenna due to its wider bandwidth. Helical and turnstile antennas are
Very_high_frequency
Light wave manipulation
nanophotonic antenna) that couples the light into free space. Light radiated by the elements is combined in the far-field and forms the far-field pattern of the
Phased-array_optics
Pre-World War II British Army anti-aircraft radar
overlapping down the centreline of the two. The result is a reception pattern where each of the antennas produces a maximum signal when the target is slightly
Radar, Gun Laying, Mk. I and Mk. II
Radar,_Gun_Laying,_Mk._I_and_Mk._II
Signal processing device
applications, but it is insufficient to allow simultaneous reception and transmission on one antenna. If the transmitter emits 1 kW, then 1 W of that signal
Diplexer
Crosstalk from two radio transmitters on one channel
where nearly every station on those frequencies has the same power and antenna pattern both day and night and, as a result of skywave propagation, there is
Co-channel_interference
Communications equipment location
or cellular base station is a cellular-enabled mobile device site where antennas and electronic communications equipment are placed on a raised structure
Cell_site
Television content transmitted via signals in the air
terrestrial (Earth-based) transmitter of a TV station to a TV receiver having an antenna. This type of TV broadcast is distinguished from newer technologies, such
Terrestrial_television
Measurement of the direction from which a received signal was transmitted
systems generally used a single antenna for broadcast and reception, and determined direction from the direction the antenna was facing. The earliest experiments
Direction_finding
Group of sensors used to increase gain or dimensionality over a single sensor
single antenna usually to achieve a desired radiation pattern Directional array, an antenna array optimized for directionality Phased array, an antenna array
Sensor_array
Guidance system for a landing aircraft
polarized VHF-antenna. While IFR certified civil aircraft are already all equipped with horizontally polarized VHF antennas for ILS- and VOR-reception, some military
Instrument_landing_system
300–3000 kHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum
receivers. The ferrite rod antenna has a dipole reception pattern with sharp nulls along the axis of the rod, so that reception is at its best when the rod
Medium_frequency
individual beams stacked vertically to form a wide cosecant squared pattern. In reception, both individual and combined beams are employed, 11 beams are formed
JY-8_Radar
Form of radar used to create images of landscapes
(a large antenna) or synthetic (a moving antenna) – this allows SAR to create high-resolution images with comparatively small physical antennas. For a fixed
Synthetic-aperture_radar
Radar defence system in Britain in World War II
lower antennas were used, the pattern was shifted upward, providing strong reception in the "gaps", at the cost of diminished long-range reception due to
Chain_Home
Radio broadcast hardware
The antenna pattern must be considered because it is costly to change the pattern of a long-wave or medium-wave antenna. Transmitting antennas for long
Broadcast_transmitter
Microphone without a physical cable
unauthorized reception by scanner radio receivers; these operate in the 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz or 6 GHz ISM bands. Some models use antenna diversity (two antennas) to
Wireless_microphone
Longwave and mediumwave radio transmitter in England
actually the transmitting antenna whilst the southern mast is a passive reflector, causing the RF signal to form a cardioid pattern tending in a north-easterly
Droitwich Transmitting Station
Droitwich_Transmitting_Station
Land mobile radio system
while reducing it to the sides (a desirable pattern for long-haul truckers). To achieve this effect, the antennas must be separated by about eight feet, only
Citizens_band_radio
British radar system from WWII
used for height finding. By connecting them in- or out-of-phase, the reception pattern of the array formed several lobes of sensitivity, which could be used
AMES_Type_7
Military air navigation system
course-bearing system uses a vertical ground based transmission antenna. Surrounding this antenna is a 12.7 centimeter diameter rotating insulated cylinder
Tactical air navigation system
Tactical_air_navigation_system
British interceptor radar/avionics system
mounted on a servo system that allowed the antenna assembly to be pointed in two dimensions. On reception of a pulse, the signal was sent into a klystron
AIRPASS
Radar technology
single microwave source and a series of delays to drive a large number of antenna elements (the array) and electronically steer the radar beam by changing
Frequency_agility
Project to analyze the ionosphere
operating frequencies. Much of this is due to higher antenna losses and a less efficient antenna pattern. The IRI can transmit between 2.7 and 10 MHz, a frequency
High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program
High-frequency_Active_Auroral_Research_Program
loss – Antenna – Antenna aperture – Antenna blind cone – Antenna gain – Antenna height above average terrain – Antenna noise temperature – Antenna theory
Index_of_electronics_articles
Canadian shortwave time signal radio station
transmitter was replaced with a new 20 kW unit. All site antennas were replaced with vertical antennas by 1971. The station continued to be operated by the
CHU_(radio_station)
Medium range surface-to-air missile
of the beam. Reception of its location in the beam was accomplished by a small turnstile antenna at the rear of the missile; this antenna also received
RIM-2_Terrier
Van used to detect the presence of a television set
to make do with only 110–250 MHz. The antenna on the detector car was a rotatable, highly directional antenna. It was used by taking bearings on the
TV_detector_van
Definitions of terms used in amateur radio
bands, into which no signals should be transmitted. Gain Antenna An antenna with a focused pattern in a particular direction (or more directions). Grid Square
Glossary_of_amateur_radio
Japanese 3D AESA radar
radar sites, and is a phased array radar that uses an active phased array antenna (AESA) and is also capable of detecting and tracking ballistic missiles
J/FPS-5
receive-only antenna would be fitted above the main cheese antenna. By fitting four feedhorns into the waveguide in front of the reflector, a reception pattern with
Type_277_radar
Use of radio waves for communication
device called a transmitter connected to an antenna which radiates the waves. They can be received by other antennas connected to a radio receiver; this is
Radio
Family of phased array radar systems
more vertical coverage or change the coverage pattern by replacing this box, with no changes to the antenna. Altitude information was extracted as it had
Marconi_Martello
Disruption to reception of television signals
travel by more than one path from the transmitter to receiving antenna. "Multipath" reception is visible as multiple impressions of the same image, slightly
Television_interference
NASA/DLR solar probes launched in 1974–76
large antenna gain was 4096 bits per second upstream. The reception and transmission of signals were supported by the Deep Space Network antennas on Earth
Helios_(spacecraft)
Use of aircraft to relay television transmissions
military in South Vietnam and other countries. Because the broadcasting antenna for Stratovision is usually hung beneath the aircraft in flight, it naturally
Stratovision
Time signal transmitted from Anthorn Radio Station in Cumbria, England
180 metre-high (590') T-aerial antenna was 500 metres (1,600 ft) across at its top. The vertical part of the antenna radiated the signal, so that the
Time_from_NPL_(MSF)
Luftwaffe usage of radio equipment during World War II
manually controlled loop antenna. Control was via an electric servo motor. Versions 1 - 4 had manual control either via cable linkage or direct control via
Luftwaffe radio equipment of World War II
Luftwaffe_radio_equipment_of_World_War_II
(IDT), which have a two-toothed comb-like structure. An antenna is attached to the IDT for reception and transmission. The transducers convert the incident
Chipless_RFID
Use of radio-frequency electromagnetic waves to determine position on the Earth's surface
antenna, a small loop of metal wire that is mounted so it can be rotated around a vertical axis. At most angles the loop has a fairly flat reception pattern
Radio_navigation
Transmission of information via microwaves
allows conveniently sized antennas to direct them in narrow beams, which can be pointed directly at the receiving antenna. This use of tightly focused
Microwave_transmission
Telecommunications networks transmitted by radio waves
service is divided into cells in a pattern dependent on terrain and reception characteristics. These cell patterns roughly take the form of regular shapes
Cellular_network
construction of the end-fed slot antenna array, the system also exhibited squint in azimuth. The resulting scanning patterns shifted both vertically and horizontally
Plessey_AR-320
Receiving device on satellite dishes
to small-diameter 80 cm antennas in regions that experience heavy rainfall such as Indonesia. A similar Ku- or C-band reception performance requires greater
Low-noise_block_downconverter
Aircraft controlled remotely via radio control
A radio-controlled aircraft (often called RC aircraft or RC plane) is a small flying machine that is radio controlled by an operator on the ground using
Radio-controlled_aircraft
the beam pattern depicted in the figure. Beams 1 and 18 were those not ordinarily energized. Beams 1 through 7 used the older of the two antennas; 8 through
AN/FPS-17
Mountain in Canterbury region, New Zealand
aerials caused a loss of power in part of the transmission pattern, resulting in poor reception across northwestern Christchurch, particularly in Fendalton
Sugarloaf_(New_Zealand)
French longwave time signal radio station
not phase-modulated at all during the 59th second past the minute. Loop antenna Allouis longwave transmitter, the facility used for its transmission. TéléDiffusion
ALS162_time_signal
Type of transmitter in telecommunications
input RF signal, the output RF would feed back from the output antenna to the input antenna and the input stage would overload, completely blocking out the
Transposer
Single-pulse radar system
Monopulse radar systems can be constructed with reflector antennas, lens antennas or array antennas. Historically, monopulse systems have been classified
Monopulse_radar
Type of radar equipment
rotated by a motor whose speed was controlled by the Doppler determined ground speed. The angle of this motor was controlled by the 'drift angle'. Two fixed
Doppler_radar
Broadcasting of television using artificial satellites
the viewer's location. The signals are received via an outdoor parabolic antenna commonly referred to as a satellite dish and a low-noise block downconverter
Satellite_television
Reception of satellite television from FSS-type satellites
from satellites due to their rocking motion rendering reception impossible. The SeaTel antenna however was stabilized using electrically driven gyroscopes
Television_receive-only
Automatic tracking microwave radar
developed microwave switch that allowed them to use a single antenna for broadcast and reception, greatly simplifying the mechanical layout. The resulting
SCR-584_radar
Long distance radar technology
still in development. It is based on a star-shaped antenna field, used for emission and reception (monostatic), and can detect aircraft at a range of
Over-the-horizon_radar
Stylus-operated analog synthesizer
voltage-controlled oscillator via a different-value resistor, and touching the stylus to the keyboard thus closes a circuit. The only other controls are a
Stylophone
Property of waves that can oscillate with more than one orientation
important in the transmission of radar pulses and reception of radar reflections by the same or a different antenna. For instance, back scattering of radar pulses
Polarization_(waves)
Circuit that creates new frequencies from two signals
"The Operation of Frequency Converters and Mixers for Superheterodyne Reception". Proceedings of the IRE. 30 (2): 84–103. Bibcode:1942PIRE...30...84H
Frequency_mixer
Electromagnetic spectrum 300–3000 MHz
allow high gain antennas to be conveniently small. High gain antennas for point-to-point communication links and UHF television reception are usually Yagi
Ultra_high_frequency
Range of radio frequencies from 11-20 GHz
to 120 watts per transponder, and requiring a 0.8-m to 1.5-m antenna for clear reception. The 12.2 to 12.7 GHz (LOF 11.25 to 11.75 GHz) segment is allocated
Ku_band
Family of wireless network protocols
a more isotropic antenna. For example, an 8 dBi antenna used with a 100 mW driver has a similar horizontal range to a 6 dBi antenna being driven at 500 mW
Wi-Fi
First electronic music visualizer
box featured a 75 Ohm pass-through F connector allowing the television antenna or cable to remain attached and thereby eliminating the tiresome process
Atari_Video_Music
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Matter.English : probably a metonymic occupational name for a mattress maker or seller, from Middle English, Old French materas, or less likely for a maker of crossbow bolts, spears, and lances, from the Middle English homonym materas.Dutch : variant of Matter 2.
Girl/Female
German, Latin
Pattern
Surname or Lastname
English (eastern England)
English (eastern England) : variant of Beaton.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, Latin
From the Warrior's Town
Male
Finnish
Finnish form of Greek Petros, PETTERI means "rock, stone."Â
Surname or Lastname
English, northern Irish, and Scottish
English, northern Irish, and Scottish : from a pet form of the personal name Pate.The American general George Patton (1885–1945) was born in San Gabriel, CA, into a family with a long military tradition. His earliest American ancestor, Robert Patton, had emigrated from Scotland to VA c.1770.
Girl/Female
British, English
Controller
Boy/Male
Hindu
Conquering, Self-controlled
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Telugu
Principal; Controller
Male
Swedish
Norwegian and Swedish form of Greek Petros, PETTER means "rock, stone."Â
Girl/Female
British, English, Greek
Sensible; Prudent; Self Controlled
Surname or Lastname
English (eastern)
English (eastern) : variant of Raymond.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Conquering, Self-controlled
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a maker or seller of hats, Middle English hatter(e).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a maker or seller of clogs, from Middle English paten ‘clog’ (Old French patin).English : variant spelling of Patton.
Surname or Lastname
English (eastern counties)
English (eastern counties) : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : variant of Pastor 2.Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : occupational name from Polish pasterz ‘shepherd’.English : generally a variant of Pastor, but possibly in some cases an occupational name for a baker, from an agent derivative of Old French paste ‘paste or dough’.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Adhikara | அதிகராÂ
Principal, Controller
Adhikara | அதிகராÂ
Boy/Male
Greek, Indian, Sanskrit
Self Controlled
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Highly Controlled
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
Boy/Male
Hindu
A strong king
Girl/Female
Hindu
Saffron, Lion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Night; Nocturnal
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Australian, French, Indian, Latin
Hail
Boy/Male
Indian
The mornings light
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : perhaps, as MacLysaght suggests, a shortened form of the Welsh patronymic ap Richard, assimilated to the name of one of the patron saints of Ireland. In England the name is found chiefly in the Midlands. It has been recorded in Ireland (chiefly Ulster) since the 17th century.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Bedfordshire named Cranfield, from Old English cran(uc) ‘crane’ + feld ‘open country’.
Biblical
City of enmity, City of a blackberry bush
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
CONTROLLED RECEPTION-PATTERN-ANTENNA
n.
Reception; a taking in.
n.
Stuff sufficient for a garment; as, a dress pattern.
imp. & p. p.
of Patter
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Patter
n.
A quick succession of slight sounds; as, the patter of rain; the patter of little feet.
n.
A patten.
a.
Of or pertaining to potters.
n.
Anything cut or formed to serve as a guide to cutting or forming objects; as, a dressmaker's pattern.
v. t.
To spatter; to sprinkle.
v. t.
To make or design (anything) by, from, or after, something that serves as a pattern; to copy; to model; to imitate.
n.
The act or manner of receiving, esp. of receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of receiving guests; as, a hearty reception; an elaborate reception.
n.
Anything proposed for imitation; an archetype; an exemplar; that which is to be, or is worthy to be, copied or imitated; as, a pattern of a machine.
n.
Figure or style of decoration; design; as, wall paper of a beautiful pattern.
prep. & conj., but p
With rejection or exception of; excluding; except.
a.
Not liable to exception or rejection.
n.
The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated cession; as, the recession of conquered territory to its former sovereign.
n.
A kind of cage inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the reception of steam, etc. ; -- called also lantern brass.
n.
The act of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the reception of food into the stomach; the reception of a letter; the reception of sensation or ideas; reception of evidence.
imp. & p. p.
of Pattern
n.
The cant of a class; patois; as, thieves's patter; gypsies' patter.