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Physical constant with no units
In physics, a dimensionless physical constant is a physical constant that is dimensionless, i.e. a pure number having no units attached and having a numerical
Dimensionless physical constant
Dimensionless_physical_constant
Universal and unchanging physical quantity
dimensional analysis. Physical constants can have dimensions or be dimensionless. The numerical value of a dimensioned constants, those with units, depend
Physical_constant
Physical quantity with no units
viscosity to inertia, appears in the analysis of fluid flow. dimensionless physical constants, and approximate ratios from experiments which may have a limited
Dimensionless_quantity
Dimensionless number that quantifies the strength of the electromagnetic interaction
between elementary charged particles. It is a dimensionless quantity (dimensionless physical constant), independent of the system of units used, which
Fine-structure_constant
Hypothesis about life in the universe
this hypothesis is formulated in relation to dimensionless physical constants. These physical constants, parameters, and initial conditions of the universe
Fine-tuned_universe
Topics referred to by the same term
Fundamental physical constant may refer to: A dimensionless physical constant, one that is independent of the system of units used A physical constant that is
Fundamental_physical_constant
dimensionless ratios, or dimensionless physical constants; these topics are discussed in the article. "Table of Dimensionless Numbers" (PDF). Retrieved
List of dimensionless quantities
List_of_dimensionless_quantities
The constants listed here are known values of physical constants expressed in SI units. Many of these are redundant, in the sense that they obey a known
List_of_physical_constants
Analysis of the dimensions of different physical quantities
itself dimensionless and equal to 1. Therefore, multiplying by that conversion factor does not change either the dimensions nor the value of the physical quantity
Dimensional_analysis
Topics referred to by the same term
the fundamental dimensionless physical constants This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fundamental constant. If an internal
Fundamental_constant
Hypothetical conflict with the laws of physics as currently known
1983, but it is not so now. Tests on the immutability of physical constants look at dimensionless quantities, i.e. ratios between quantities of like dimensions
Time-variation of fundamental constants
Time-variation_of_fundamental_constants
Observation in physical cosmology
it. Instead of working with Hubble's constant, a common practice is to introduce the dimensionless Hubble constant, usually denoted by h and commonly referred
Hubble's_law
substance is called material constant or constant of matter. (Material constants should not be confused with physical constants, that have a universal character
List_of_materials_properties
Physical constant relating particle kinetic energy with temperature
S=\int {\frac {{\rm {d}}Q}{T}}.} One could choose instead a rescaled dimensionless entropy in microscopic terms such that S ′ = ln W , Δ S ′ = ∫ d Q
Boltzmann_constant
all physical aspects of the universe? Dimensionless physical constants: At the present time, the values of various dimensionless physical constants cannot
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Gas law regarding proportionality of dissolved gas
{\displaystyle R} is the gas constant, and T {\displaystyle T} is the temperature. Sometimes, this dimensionless constant is called the water–air partitioning
Henry's_law
Subatomic particle with positive charge
fundamental dimensionless physical constant μ = mp/me = 1836.152673426(32). Astrophysical measurements show this value has been constant as far back
Proton
Natural number
the exact value of the fine-structure constant. The fine-structure constant, a dimensionless physical constant, is approximately 1/137, and the astronomer
137_(number)
Topics referred to by the same term
magnetization of a material Proton-to-electron mass ratio, a dimensionless physical constant Reduced mass, the "effective" inertial mass appearing in the
MU
System of measurement
such as McWeeny. Dimensionless physical constants retain their values in any system of units. Of note is the fine-structure constant α = e 2 / ( 4 π
Atomic_units
Physical constant
μ0 is an experimentally determined constant with its value proportional to the dimensionless fine-structure constant, which is known to a relative uncertainty
Vacuum_permeability
Hypothesis relating age of the universe to physical constants
macro-world and the micro-world. Physics portal Dimensionless physical constant – Physical constant with no units Hierarchy problem – Unsolved problem
Dirac large numbers hypothesis
Dirac_large_numbers_hypothesis
Set of units to describe small values
a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction. Since these fractions
Parts-per_notation
Physical constant
atoms) divided by that of the electron (a lepton found in atoms), a dimensionless quantity, namely: μ = mp/me = 1836.152673426(32). The number in parentheses
Proton-to-electron_mass_ratio
Measure of change in amplitude and phase of a wave
electric field strength or flux density. The propagation constant itself measures the dimensionless change in magnitude or phase per unit length. In the context
Propagation_constant
Property of magnitude or multitude
ratios) are dimensionless. Mathematics texts commonly omit units, making quantities like area and length appear to be dimensionless. Physical quantity Quantification
Quantity
Chemical property
bar, in order to produce a dimensionless quantity, f/po. An equilibrium constant is expressed in terms of the dimensionless quantity. For example, for
Equilibrium_constant
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
hence life. The observed values of the dimensionless physical constants (such as the fine-structure constant) governing the four fundamental interactions
Anthropic_principle
Coincidence in mathematics
\alpha } = 1/137.035999177(21) α {\displaystyle \alpha } is a dimensionless physical constant, so this coincidence is not an artifact of the system of units
Mathematical_coincidence
Physical constant in quantum mechanics
The Planck constant, or Planck's constant, denoted by h {\displaystyle h} , is a fundamental physical constant of foundational importance in quantum mechanics:
Planck_constant
Theorem in dimensional analysis
certain number n of physical variables, then the original equation can be rewritten in terms of a set of p = n − k dimensionless parameters π1, π2, .
Buckingham_pi_theorem
Ratio of magnetic moment and angular momentum
A g-factor (also called g value) is a dimensionless quantity that characterizes the magnetic moment and angular momentum of a whole atom, a particle,
G-factor_(physics)
Force needed to pull a spring grows linearly with distance
linearly with respect to that distance—that is, Fs = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small
Hooke's_law
Units of measurement based on universal physical constants
central interest". Anthropic units Astronomical system of units Dimensionless physical constant International System of Units N-body units Outline of metrology
Natural_units
Modern form of the metric system
units for historical reasons. The radian and steradian are defined as dimensionless derived units. In photometry, the steradian is usually retained in expressions
International_System_of_Units
Units defined only by physical constants
universal physical constants that define the system, and in a convention in which these units are omitted (i.e. treated as having the dimensionless value
Planck_units
Magnitude of velocity
(symbol fps or ft/s); Mach number (dimensionless), speed divided by the speed of sound; in natural units (dimensionless), speed divided by the speed of light
Speed
Constant in crystallography
{e}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}r_{0}}}M_{i}} with Mi being the (dimensionless) Madelung constant of the ith ion M i = ∑ j z j r i j / r 0 . {\displaystyle M_{i}=\sum
Madelung_constant
British astrophysicist (1882–1944)
of time Classical unified field theories Degenerate matter Dimensionless physical constant Dirac large numbers hypothesis (also called the Eddington–Dirac
Arthur_Eddington
List of photometric quantities List of radiometric quantities List of dimensionless quantities List of electromagnetism quantities "ISO 80000-1:2009(en)
List_of_physical_quantities
Classical statement of gravity as force
and is therefore widely used. Deviations from it are small when the dimensionless quantities ϕ / c 2 {\displaystyle \phi /c^{2}} and ( v / c ) 2 {\displaystyle
Newton's law of universal gravitation
Newton's_law_of_universal_gravitation
SI unit of amount of substance
one-mole sample equals the Avogadro number (symbol N0), a dimensionless quantity. The Avogadro constant (symbol NA) is given by the Avogadro number multiplied
Mole_(unit)
Physical mechanism creating dimensionful parameters
particle physics, dimensional transmutation is a physical mechanism providing a linkage between a dimensionless parameter and a dimensionful parameter. In classical
Dimensional_transmutation
Ability of magnetization
related property of materials is magnetic susceptibility, which is a dimensionless proportionality factor that indicates the degree of magnetization of
Permeability (electromagnetism)
Permeability_(electromagnetism)
Value representing energy density of space
In physical cosmology, the cosmological constant (usually denoted by the Greek capital letter lambda: Λ), alternatively called Einstein's cosmological
Cosmological_constant
Ratio of inertial to viscous forces acting on a liquid
In fluid dynamics, the Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless quantity that helps predict fluid flow patterns in different situations by measuring the
Reynolds_number
Parameter describing the strength of a force
couplings that are dimensionless; i.e., are pure numbers. An example of such a dimensionless constant is the fine-structure constant, α = e 2 4 π ε 0 ℏ
Coupling_constant
Measure of an acid's strength in solution
Are you wondering... How using activities makes the equilibrium constant dimensionless? Shriver, D.F; Atkins, P.W. (1999). Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed
Acid_dissociation_constant
Unit of measurement adopted by convention for a base quantity
cosmological constant. The preferred choices vary by the field in physics. Using natural units leaves every physical quantity expressed as a dimensionless number
Base_unit_of_measurement
Concept in theoretical physics
orders of magnitude. In other words, naturalness requires that the dimensionless ratios of these parameters do not differ too much from unity and that
Naturalness_(physics)
Constant in fluid dynamics
fluid dynamics, the von Kármán constant (or Kármán's constant), named for Theodore von Kármán, is a dimensionless constant involved in the logarithmic law
Von_Kármán_constant
Heat required to raise the temperature of a given unit of mass of a substance
(mol), R is the gas constant (J/(K⋅mol)), N is the number of molecules in the body (dimensionless), kB is the Boltzmann constant (J/(K⋅molecule)). In
Specific_heat_capacity
Unit of energy
which the speed of light in vacuum c and the reduced Planck constant ħ are dimensionless and equal to unity is widely used: c = ħ = 1. In these units
Electronvolt
Non-mainstream theory in physics
physical law are expressed in this nondimensionalized form, no dimensional physical constants such as c, G, ħ, ε0, nor kB remain, only dimensionless quantities
Variable_speed_of_light
Ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
The Prandtl number (Pr) is a dimensionless number, named for the German fluid dynamicist Ludwig Prandtl. It is defined as the ratio of momentum diffusivity
Prandtl_number
Equations in physical cosmology
density gives a closed universe and lower density gives an open one. A dimensionless scale factor can be defined: a ( t ) ≡ R ( t ) R 0 {\displaystyle a(t)\equiv
Friedmann_equations
Physical constant in chemistry
The molar mass constant, usually denoted as Mu, is a physical constant defined as +1/12 of the molar mass of carbon-12: Mu = M(12C)/12 ≈ 1 g/mol, where
Molar_mass_constant
Equation in fluid dynamics
pressure drop per unit length is a constant. To turn the relationship into a proportionality coefficient of dimensionless quantity, we can divide by the hydraulic
Darcy–Weisbach_equation
Measure of the electric polarizability of a dielectric, compared with that of a vacuum
material, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. Relative permittivity is a dimensionless number that is in general complex-valued; its real and imaginary parts
Relative_permittivity
Growth of quantities at rate proportional to the current amount
sixty-four bacteria. Many pairs (b, τ) of a dimensionless non-negative number b and an amount of time τ (a physical quantity which can be expressed as the
Exponential_growth
Theorem of gravity in cosmology
{\displaystyle \Lambda } , the values of the 3 physical constants will be eligible for rescaling fulfilling the dimensionless ratio of invariants with respect to
Gurzadyan_theorem
SI derived unit of angle
The radian, denoted by the symbol rad, is the dimensionless unit of angle in the International System of Units (SI) and is the standard unit of angular
Radian
Comparison of various scales
identity property of multiplication, multiplying any quantity (physical or not) by the dimensionless 1 does not change that quantity. Once this and the conversion
Conversion_of_units
Ratio of the thermal resistances of a body's interior to its surface
The Biot number (Bi) is a dimensionless quantity used in heat transfer calculations, named for the eighteenth-century French physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot
Biot_number
Expansion of the universe parameter
The expansion of the universe is parametrized by a dimensionless scale factor a {\displaystyle a} . Also known as the cosmic scale factor or sometimes
Scale_factor_(cosmology)
Type of atomic measurement
dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mass of atoms of a chemical element in a given sample to the atomic mass constant
Relative_atomic_mass
altitude could indeed be a thermodynamic property. Conjugate variables Dimensionless numbers Intensive and extensive properties Thermodynamic databases for
List of thermodynamic properties
List_of_thermodynamic_properties
Most basic type of physical force
observed physical phenomenon by these fundamental interactions. The fundamental interactions can be compared using dimensionless coupling constants that characterize
Fundamental_interaction
Dimension for scale of a physical system
of the system, and it is usually required by the construction of a dimensionless quantity, in the general framework of dimensional analysis and in particular
Characteristic_length
Variant of the centimetre–gram–second unit system
quantity as electric field strength in free space aside from a dimensionless constant factor. In the Gaussian system, the speed of light c appears directly
Gaussian_units
Sub-class of turbomachinery
The Buckingham π theorem can help solve this problem by generating 5 dimensionless forms of these parameters.[citation needed] These parameters provide
Centrifugal_compressor
Indicator of health or fertility
The waist–hip ratio or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is the dimensionless ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips. This is calculated as
Waist–hip_ratio
Assignment of numbers to points in space
possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units). In a physical context
Scalar_field
Speed and direction of a motion
sectional area, and C D {\displaystyle C_{D}} is the drag coefficient – a dimensionless number. Escape velocity is the minimum speed a ballistic object needs
Velocity
Influence on an oscillating physical system which reduces or prevents its oscillation
decay in amplitude towards zero or attenuate. The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure, amongst other measures, that characterises how damped a system
Damping
Theories about the end of the universe
fundamentally alter the universe: in some scenarios, even the various physical constants could have different values, severely affecting the foundations of
Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe
Formula for temperature dependence of rates of chemical reactions
In physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates. In 1889 while working with Wilhelm Ostwald
Arrhenius_equation
Natural number
x} once (1 f x = f x {\displaystyle fx=fx} ). In physics, selected physical constants are set to 1 in natural unit systems in order to simplify the form
1
Nondimensional heat transfer coefficient
number is named in honor of Wilhelm Nusselt, who first identified this dimensionless group in 1915. Analytical results and empirical correlations allow the
Nusselt_number
Primary frequency standard
but the dimensionless mole) notably have values that depend on that of ΔνCs, which appears far more often than any of the other defining constants. However
Caesium_standard
Definition of the units kg, A, K and mol
International System of Quantities were redefined in terms of natural physical constants, rather than human artefacts such as the International Prototype of
2019_revision_of_the_SI
Mathematical simplification technique in physical sciences
possible become 1; Rewrite the system of equations in terms of their new dimensionless quantities. The last three steps are usually specific to the problem
Nondimensionalization
Spatial frequency of a wave
the unit radian per meter (rad⋅m−1), or as above, since the radian is dimensionless. The frequency of light with wavenumber ν ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {\nu
Wavenumber
Physical property that measures stiffness of material
Since strain is a dimensionless quantity, the units of δ {\displaystyle \delta } will be the same as the units of stress. Elastic constants are specific parameters
Elastic_modulus
Dimensionless quantity; ratio of a fluid's buoyancy to viscosity
thermodynamics), the Grashof number (Gr, after Franz Grashof) is a dimensionless number which approximates the ratio of the buoyancy to viscous forces
Grashof_number
regularization Dimensional transmutation Dimensionless Hubble parameter Dimensionless physical constant Dimensionless quantity Dimitri Nanopoulos Dimitri Riabouchinsky
Index_of_physics_articles_(D)
Equation describing the universe's density contrast
{\displaystyle \lambda _{eq}=350~h^{-1}~{\text{Mpc}}} (where h is the dimensionless Hubble constant). The co-moving wavenumber corresponding to the maximum power
Matter_power_spectrum
Dimensionless number relating to mean free path of a particle
Knudsen number (Kn) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the molecular mean free path length to a representative physical length scale. This length
Knudsen_number
Function in thermodynamics and statistical physics
it into a dimensionless quantity, we must divide it by h, which is some quantity with units of action (usually taken to be the Planck constant). For generalized
Partition function (statistical mechanics)
Partition_function_(statistical_mechanics)
State of matter
For his work with gases a century prior, the physical constant that bears his name (the Avogadro constant) is the number of atoms per mole of elemental
Gas
Concept applicable to the testing of engineering models
as few independent variables and as many dimensionless parameters as possible. The values of the dimensionless parameters are held to be the same for both
Similitude
Ratio characterising inelastic collisions
immediately before the collision, the constant of proportionality being called the coefficient of restitution, a dimensionless parameter that is a property of
Coefficient_of_restitution
Autoprotolysis or exchange of a proton between two water molecules
is equal to 1.0×10−14. Note that as with all equilibrium constants, the result is dimensionless because the concentration is in fact a concentration relative
Self-ionization_of_water
Mechanism for regulating the speed of clocks
the possible accuracy of a harmonic oscillator as a timekeeper is a dimensionless parameter called the Q factor, which is equal to the resonant frequency
Escapement
Compressible flow velocity limiting effect
{\displaystyle p^{*}} . That critical value can be calculated from the dimensionless critical pressure ratio equation p ∗ p 0 = ( 2 γ + 1 ) γ γ − 1 {\displaystyle
Choked_flow
Function in fluid dynamics
In fluid dynamics and geology, the Leverett J-function is a dimensionless function used to describe the capillary pressure required to force a fluid into
Leverett_J-function
Thermodynamical parameter of solids
In condensed matter, Grüneisen parameter γ is a dimensionless thermodynamic parameter named after German physicist Eduard Grüneisen, whose original definition
Grüneisen_parameter
Spectral density of light emitted by a black body
2hc2 and hc/kB which comprise physical constants only. Consequently, these terms can be considered as physical constants themselves, and are therefore
Planck's_law
Number of particles in a thermodynamic system
conjugate to the chemical potential. Unlike most physical quantities, the particle number is a dimensionless quantity, specifically a countable quantity.
Particle_number
Physical law relating heat loss to temperature difference
difference in the temperatures between the body and its environment. The (constant) coefficient of this proportional relationship is called heat transfer
Newton's_law_of_cooling
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DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-CONSTANT
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