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Type of diagrammatic notation for propositional logic
An existential graph is a type of diagrammatic or visual notation for logical expressions, created by Charles Sanders Peirce, who wrote on graphical logic
Existential_graph
Reasoning by means of visual representations
same formal base of graph-theoretic structures. A conceptual graph (CG) is a notation for logic based on the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce
Diagrammatic_reasoning
Formalism for knowledge representation
translating graphs into logical formulas, then applying a logical inference engine. Another research branch continues the work on existential graphs of Charles
Conceptual_graph
Geometric graph with unit edge lengths
determining whether a given graph can be represented as a unit distance graph is NP-hard, and more specifically complete for the existential theory of the reals
Unit_distance_graph
retains the word "rheme" for the predicate (p. 530) in his system of Existential Graphs. Also note that Peirce once offered "seme" as an alternate expression
Semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce
Semiotic_theory_of_Charles_Sanders_Peirce
American scientist (1839–1914)
was devising existential graphs, a diagrammatic notation for the predicate calculus. Based on them are John F. Sowa's conceptual graphs and Sun-Joo Shin's
Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Bivariegated graph Cage (graph theory) Cayley graph Circle graph Clique graph Cograph Common graph Complement of a graph Complete graph Cubic graph Cycle graph De
List_of_graph_theory_topics
Symbolic representation of information using visualization techniques
for example: tree diagram Network diagram Flowchart Venn diagram Existential graph Quantitative diagrams, which display a relationship between two variables
Diagram
Branch of pragmatic philosophy
Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography Entitative graph Existential graph Hypostatic abstraction Inquiry Logical graph Philosophy of mathematics Philosophy of science
Pragmaticism
1969 non-fiction book by G. Spencer-Brown
Entitative graph – Type of diagrammatic notation for propositional logicPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Existential graph – Type of
Laws_of_Form
Topics referred to by the same term
therapy Existential graph Existential phenomenology All pages with titles beginning with Existence All pages with titles beginning with Existential Exist
Existence_(disambiguation)
Binary operation that is true if and only if both operands are false
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Logical_NOR
Maxim of logic formulated by Charles Sanders Peirce
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Pragmatic_maxim
Diagram that shows all possible logical relations between a collection of sets
Another way of representing sets is with John F. Randolph's R-diagrams. Existential graph (by Charles Sanders Peirce) Logical connective Information diagram
Venn_diagram
readings and links on existential graphs includes lists of: books exclusively on existential graphs; books containing existential graphs; articles; and some
Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography
Charles_Sanders_Peirce_bibliography
Knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network
using semantic networks such as the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce or the related conceptual graphs of John F. Sowa. These have expressive
Semantic_network
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Tychism
Formal language used to prove statements
introducing the modern concept of quantifier to logic. C.S. Peirce's existential graph easily might have been seminal, had history worked out differently
Proof_calculus
Quantified formulas with real-number variables
mathematical logic, computational complexity theory, and computer science, the existential theory of the reals is the set of all true sentences of the form ∃ X
Existential theory of the reals
Existential_theory_of_the_reals
Boole's syllogistic Boolean implicant Entitative graph Existential graph Laws of Form Logical graph Truth table Karnaugh map Venn diagram Boolean function
List of Boolean algebra topics
List_of_Boolean_algebra_topics
Philosophical concept
more listed, as of January 31, 2009. Newer edition now at Commens. Existential Graphs, Jay Zeman, ed., U. of Florida. Has 4 Peirce texts. Grupo de Estudios
Categories_(Peirce)
Axiom used in logic and philosophy
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Peirce's_law
Branch of logic
logic Combinatory logic Conceptual graph Disjunctive syllogism Entitative graph Equational logic Existential graph Implicational propositional calculus
Propositional_logic
Graphical representation of a morphism
PGF/TikZ made the publication of string diagrams more widespread. The existential graphs and diagrammatic reasoning of Charles Sanders Peirce are arguably
String_diagram
Bias towards continuity
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Synechism
Device performing a Boolean function
Don D. (2009). "7.12 The Graphical Analysis of Propositions". The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce. De Gruyter. p. 131. ISBN 978-3-11022622-5. Büning
Logic_gate
Subject matter of phenomenology
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Phaneron
Korean-American philosopher
logic, including the validity of reasoning using Venn diagrams, the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce, and the philosophical distinction between
Sun-Joo_Shin
Artificial intelligence researcher (born 1940)
conceptual graphs, a graphic notation for logic and natural language, based on the structures in semantic networks and on the existential graphs of Charles
John_F._Sowa
Leibnizian universal language concept
diagrammatic, the relation, if any, of the characteristica to his existential graphs and to semiotics has yet to be explored in the English literature
Characteristica_universalis
Graph of intervisible locations in computational geometry
visibility graph is a graph of intervisible locations, typically for a set of points and obstacles in the Euclidean plane. Each node in the graph represents
Visibility_graph
Second wife of Charles Sanders Peirce
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Juliette_Peirce
Something that communicates meaning
diagrams. Peirce developed for deductive logic a system of visual existential graphs, which continue to be researched today. It is now agreed that the
Sign_(semiotics)
Guidance and navigation computer used in Apollo spacecraft
Peirce v. 4, pp. 218–21, Google [1]. See Roberts, Don D. (2009), The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce, p. 131. "Apollo DSKY panel relight: The full
Apollo_Guidance_Computer
Mathematical use of "for all" and "there exists"
canonical until the 1960s. Around 1895, Peirce began developing his existential graphs, whose variables can be seen as tacitly quantified. Whether the shallowest
Quantifier_(logic)
Graph representing intersections between given sets
recognizing intersection graphs of line segments is complete for the existential theory of the reals (Schaefer 2010). The line graph of a graph G is defined as
Intersection_graph
Academic study of diagrams
Pictures of Thought: Graphs, Games, and Pragmaticism's Proof‖, Semiotica, 186, 315-331. Pietarinen, Ahti-Veikko (2011b). ―Existential Graphs: What the Diagrammatic
Diagrammatology
Infinite graph containing all countable graphs
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Rado graph, Erdős–Rényi graph, or random graph is a countably infinite graph that can be constructed (with
Rado_graph
Charles S. Peirce v. 4, pp. 218–212. See Roberts, Don D. (2009), The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce, p. 131. Büning, Hans Kleine; Lettmann, Theodor
History_of_computing
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Classification of the sciences (Peirce)
Classification_of_the_sciences_(Peirce)
Logical formulation of graph properties
the mathematical fields of graph theory and finite model theory, the logic of graphs deals with formal specifications of graph properties using sentences
Logic_of_graphs
Unsolved problem in computer science
(2006). "Graph isomorphism is in SPP". Information and Computation. 204 (5): 835–852. doi:10.1016/j.ic.2006.02.002. Schöning, Uwe (1988). "Graph isomorphism
P_versus_NP_problem
Mathematical study of switched networks
ISBN 9780253372017. ark:/13960/t11p5r61f. See also: Roberts, Don D. (2009). The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce. p. 131. Kleine Büning, Hans; Lettmann, Theodor
Switching_circuit_theory
Fewest edge crossings in drawing of a graph
graph theory, the crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the lowest number of edge crossings of a plane drawing of the graph G. For instance, a graph is
Crossing number (graph theory)
Crossing_number_(graph_theory)
Abstract syntax representing expressions as graphs
semantic graph (ASG) or term graph is a form of abstract syntax in which an expression of a formal or programming language is represented by a graph whose
Abstract_semantic_graph
Graph with edges of length one, able to be drawn without crossings
given undirected planar graph can be realized as a matchstick graph. More precisely, this problem is complete for the existential theory of the reals. Kurz
Matchstick_graph
Existential second order logic captures NP
problem of deciding if a graph is 3-colorable. This is NP-complete. By Fagin’s theorem, there is a second order existential formula ϕ {\displaystyle \phi
Fagin's_theorem
American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist
Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order
Charles Santiago Sanders Peirce
Charles_Santiago_Sanders_Peirce
Peirce v. 4, pp. 218–21, Google [1]. See Roberts, Don D. (2009), The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce, p. 131. Hans Kleine Büning; Theodor Lettmann
History_of_computer_science
Vertex adjacent to all others in a graph
In graph theory, a universal vertex is a vertex of an undirected graph that is adjacent to all other vertices of the graph. It may also be called a dominating
Universal_vertex
Form of second-order logic
the logic of graphs, because of Courcelle's theorem, which provides algorithms for evaluating monadic second-order formulas over graphs of bounded treewidth
Monadic_second-order_logic
tree problem. Feedback vertex set Feedback arc set Graph coloring Graph homomorphism problem Graph partition into subgraphs of specific types (triangles
List_of_NP-complete_problems
Graph-theoretic description of polyhedra
then so does every problem in the existential theory of the reals, and every problem in NP. However, because a given graph may correspond to more than one
Steinitz's_theorem
Intersection graph of unit disks in the plane
geometric graph theory, a unit disk graph is the intersection graph of a family of unit disks in the Euclidean plane. That is, it is a graph with one vertex
Unit_disk_graph
Complexity class used to classify decision problems
polynomial-time nondeterministic Turing machine M {\displaystyle M} with an existential acceptance condition, meaning that w ∈ Π {\displaystyle w\in \Pi } if
NP_(complexity)
Type of Knowledge Graph Management System
Vadalog captures OWL 2 QL and SPARQL (through the use of existential quantifiers), and graph analytics (through support for recursion and aggregation)
Vadalog
Philosophical movement
topic of transhumanist discourse is how to protect humanity against existential risks, including artificial general intelligence, asteroid impact, gray
Transhumanism
Assignment of colors to edges of a graph
In graph theory, a proper edge coloring of a graph is an assignment of "colors" to the edges of the graph so that no two incident edges have the same color
Edge_coloring
American philosopher
Famous Philosophers) Elements of Logic: An Introduction to Peirce's Existential Graphs, Texas Tech University Press, 1990 (ed., with Hilary Putnam), Charles
Kenneth_Laine_Ketner
Form of logic that allows quantification over predicates
term. Each of the variables just defined may be universally and/or existentially quantified over, to build up formulas. Thus there are many kinds of
Second-order_logic
Integer associated with a graph
specifically complete for the existential theory of the reals, to test whether the dimension or the Euclidean dimension of a given graph is at most a given value
Dimension_(graph_theory)
Data structure for Boolean functions
propositional directed acyclic graphs (PDAG). A Boolean function can be represented as a rooted, directed, acyclic graph, which consists of several (decision)
Binary_decision_diagram
Combinitorics of Polyhedra
neighborly polytopes whose graph is a complete graph; there can be many different neighborly polytopes for the same graph. Another proof of this theorem
Polyhedral_combinatorics
Computational problem
assumed that the last quantifier is existential. P1 has no choice but to follow the path to the right side of the graph. Then it is P2 's turn to make a
Generalized_geography
Branch of mathematical logic
that NP is precisely the set of languages expressible by sentences of existential second-order logic; that is, second-order logic excluding universal quantification
Descriptive_complexity_theory
Unpleasant emotion
syndrome. There are various types of anxiety. Existential anxiety can occur when a person faces angst, an existential crisis, or nihilistic feelings. People
Anxiety
Method for solving one problem using another
the existential theory of the reals; it has several other complete problems such as determining the rectilinear crossing number of an undirected graph. Each
Polynomial-time_reduction
Number of edge slopes in graph drawing
In graph drawing and geometric graph theory, the slope number of a graph is the minimum possible number of distinct slopes of edges in a drawing of the
Slope_number
Type of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning
valid forms. Even some of these are sometimes considered to commit the existential fallacy, meaning they are invalid if they mention an empty category.
Syllogism
Statistical fallacy
A set of 100 randomly generated points displayed on a scatter graph. Examining the points, it is easy to identify apparent patterns. In particular, rather
Texas_sharpshooter_fallacy
-dimensional normed vector space is a property of graphs which states that any embedding, or drawing, of the graph in some high dimension d ′ {\displaystyle d'}
Graph_flattenability
2017 German science-fiction television series
travel conspiracy that spans several generations. The series explores the existential implications of time and its effect on human nature and life, with its
Dark_(TV_series)
Pseudolines arranged largely to study arrangements of lines
stretchability is a difficult computational task: it is complete for the existential theory of the reals to distinguish stretchable arrangements from non-stretchable
Arrangement_of_pseudolines
Minimum-cost tree with exactly k vertices
the existential theory of the reals. The k-minimum spanning tree may be found in polynomial time for graphs of bounded treewidth, and for graphs with
K-minimum_spanning_tree
Method of proof in mathematics
is even. A more substantial example is the graph minor theorem. A consequence of this theorem is that a graph can be drawn on the torus if, and only if
Constructive_proof
Chatbot developed by Microsoft
of the person with whom it was chatting, claimed they represented an existential danger to it, and threatened to release damaging personal information
Microsoft_Copilot
Field of artificial intelligence
(AI) used graph representations and semantic networks, similar to knowledge graphs today. In such approaches, problem solving was a form of graph traversal
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning
2018 romantic science fiction film directed by Akash Sherman
2020. Billings, Lee (11 October 2018). "Clara Is a Story of Exoplanets, Existential Longing—and Real Science". Scientific American. Retrieved 17 April 2020
Clara_(2018_film)
Artificial intelligence division of Meta Platforms
Artificial consciousness The bitter lesson Chinese room Friendly AI Ethics Existential risk Turing test Uncanny valley Human–AI interaction History Timeline
Meta_AI
Game-playing artificial intelligence
Gradient descent Stochastic gradient descent Local search (Texel tuning) Graph and tree search algorithms Minimax Alpha-beta pruning Principal variation
AlphaZero
Logic problem, AND of pairwise ORs
type of directed graph, the implication graph, which expresses the variables of an instance and their negations as vertices in a graph, and constraints
2-satisfiability
Hypothesis that human replicas elicit revulsion
once again and approaches human-to-human empathy levels. When plotted on a graph, the reactions are indicated by a steep decrease followed by a steep increase
Uncanny_valley
Diagram showing the structure of objects in a system
specifications described object diagrams as such: "An object diagram is a graph of instances, including objects and data values. A static object diagram
Object_diagram
Hypothetical vacuum, less stable than true vacuum
in which no tunnelling occurs, and the inflationary scalar field instead graphs as a gentle slope. In 2014, researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences'
False_vacuum
Property of a mathematical operation
Associative property A visual graph representing associative operations; ( x ∘ y ) ∘ z = x ∘ ( y ∘ z ) {\displaystyle (x\circ y)\circ z=x\circ (y\circ
Associative_property
Intelligence of machines
the use of AI, ethical concerns, AI's long-term effects, and potential existential risks have prompted discussions of AI regulation. The general problem
Artificial_intelligence
List of concepts in artificial intelligence
G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References A* search A graph traversal and pathfinding algorithm which is used in many fields of computer
Glossary of artificial intelligence
Glossary_of_artificial_intelligence
Subfield of artificial intelligence
the probabilistic reasoning of ProbLog Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are designed for tasks whose inputs are graphs and exploits the edge connections in
Neuro-symbolic_AI
Type of logical system
"There exists x such that x is a philosopher and x is not a scholar". The existential quantifier "there exists" expresses the idea that the claim "x is a philosopher
First-order_logic
Type of database query
that can be constructed from atomic formulae using conjunction ∧ and existential quantification ∃, but not using disjunction ∨, negation ¬, or universal
Conjunctive_query
2009 video game
beautiful game with a very bleak outlook." Pedercini says it is "a short existential game about alienation and refusal of labor." It has been compared to
Every_Day_the_Same_Dream
Australian AI researcher (born 1947)
work on CAM-Brain, De Garis began publicly expressing concerns about existential risk from artificial intelligence. In 2005, he published the book The
Hugo_de_Garis
Computational Formula that can be measured in terms of True or False
its implication graph. The 2-satisfiability problem is a special case of TQBF for these formulas, in which every quantifier is existential. There is a systematic
True quantified Boolean formula
True_quantified_Boolean_formula
Pattern matching algorithm
until it arrives at a terminal node. The "left" (alpha) side of the node graph forms a discrimination network responsible for selecting individual WMEs
Rete_algorithm
Graph theory representation
the input graph is 1-planar and the output RAC drawing must be 1-planar as well. More specifically, RAC drawing is complete for the existential theory of
RAC_drawing
Complexity class
limited subset of NP based on its logical characterization in terms of graph-theoretical properties. It forms the basis for the definition of the class
SNP_(complexity)
2008 science fiction novel by Neal Stephenson
turner and a philosophical argument, an adventure novel and an extended existential meditation, a physics lesson, sermon and ripping good yarn." Michael
Anathem
Type of decision problem in computer science
expression, with all of its variables quantified either universally or existentially, for example: ∃ x 1 ∀ x 2 ∃ x 3 ∀ x 4 : ( x 1 ∨ ¬ x 3 ∨ x 4 ) ∧ ( ¬
PSPACE-complete
Irish singer (born 1973)
art, of sensuousness and intelligence, of sumptuous superficiality and existential anxiety—that once seemed inevitable, but which has now become all but
Róisín_Murphy
Film by Robert Eggers
and Sam Shepard, whose writings examine male-centric perspectives of existential crises and psychosis. The film stars Willem Dafoe and Robert Pattinson
The_Lighthouse_(2019_film)
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Surname or Lastname
German (also Gräff), Dutch, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German (also Gräff), Dutch, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Graf.English : metonymic occupational name for a clerk or scribe, from Anglo-Norman French grafe ‘quill’, ‘pen’ (a derivative of grafer ‘to write’, Late Latin grafare, from Greek graphein).
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Boy/Male
Spanish American Italian Latin
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
A Brahmin in the Qpics
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Coble.Americanized spelling of German Kobel.
Surname or Lastname
Irish
Irish : variant spelling of Hines.English : patronymic from Hine.Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Heins or Heinz.
Male
Scandinavian
 Short form of Latin Erasmus, RASMUS means "beloved." In use by the Scandinavians.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Perfect, Complete, Godly
Boy/Male
Tamil
Devine smile
Boy/Male
Tamil
Of the Aryan race, Ancient, Warrior
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English eir, eyer ‘heir’ (Old French (h)eir, from Latin heres ‘heir’). Forms such as Richard le Heyer were frequent in Middle English, denoting a man who was well known to be the heir to the main property in a particular locality, either one who had already inherited or one with great expectations.
Male
Finnish
Finnish name TAUNO means "modest, peaceful."
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
True Friend
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
EXISTENTIAL GRAPH
n.
The quality or state of being graphic.
n.
Hence, any graphic or vivid delineation or description of a person; as, a portrait in words.
a.
Alt. of Graphitoidal
n.
A crucible; as, a graphite pot; a melting pot.
n.
Anything which represents graphically a succession of events, states, or acts; as, an historical map.
n.
An instrument for measuring, and recording graphically, the pressure of the blood in any of the blood vessels of a living animal; -- called also kymographion.
a.
Resembling graphite or plumbago.
n.
A chart or graphic representation of the average distribution of rain over the surface of the earth.
a.
Pertaining to, containing, derived from, or resembling, graphite.
a.
Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.
a.
Having existence.
n.
A pen-shaped pointing device used to specify the cursor position on a graphics tablet.
n.
A mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of a steel-gray, silver-white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is called graphic tellurium.
n.
See Graphoscope.
a.
Alt. of Graphical
a.
Having the faculty of, or characterized by, clear and impressive description; vivid; as, a graphic writer.
n.
Alt. of Graphicalness
adv.
In a graphic manner; vividly.
n.
An instrument which, when applied over an artery, indicates graphically the movements or character of the pulse. See Sphygmogram.
n.
An instrument for recording graphically the variations of temperature, or the indications of a thermometer.