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German-English theologian and scientist (1618–1677)
Henry Oldenburg (also Henry Oldenbourg) FRS (c. 1618 as Heinrich Oldenburg – 5 September 1677) was a German theologian, diplomat, and natural philosopher
Henry_Oldenburg
Theorized universal solvent in alchemy
German-English scientist Henry Oldenburg (c. 1618–1677) made experimental connections between alkahest and this liquid. Helmont, Oldenburg, and Goddard raised
Alkahest
Surname list
Oldenburg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Claes Oldenburg (1929–2022), Swedish-American sculptor Henry Oldenburg (c. 1619–1677)
Oldenburg_(surname)
Topics referred to by the same term
Oldenburg may refer to: Oldenburg in Oldenburg, a city in Lower Saxony, Germany Oldenburg (district), a district bordering the city Carl von Ossietzky
Oldenburg
Dutch microbiologist (1632–1723)
of the Royal Society, de Graaf wrote to the editor of the journal, Henry Oldenburg, with a ringing endorsement of Van Leeuwenhoek's microscopes which
Antonie_van_Leeuwenhoek
Evaluation by peers with similar expertise
e.g., medical peer review. It can also be used as a teaching tool. Henry Oldenburg (1619–1677) was a German-born British philosopher who is seen as the
Peer_review
Count of Oldenburg (1108 to 1142)
of Henry, Count of Rietberg, and had: Henry I, Count of Oldenburg (de) Christian I, Count of Oldenburg Eilika of Oldenburg (ca. 1120 -) married Henry I
Elimar_II,_Count_of_Oldenburg
British learned society
and Melchisédech Thévenot at the time and has some grounding in that Henry Oldenburg, the society's first secretary, had attended the Montmor Academy meeting
Royal_Society
Philosophical tradition of the British people
German hermeticist and alchemist Paracelsus. In 1662, Parliamentarian Henry Oldenburg became secretary of the Royal Society. Royalist Walter Charleton joined
British_philosophy
Antiquated term for microorganisms
difficult to be rid of. The term was also used during the 17th century by Henry Oldenburg, the first Secretary of the Royal Society and founding editor of Philosophical
Animalcule
Portuguese-Dutch philosopher (1632–1677)
mathematician Johannes Hudde, and the Secretary of the British Royal Society, Henry Oldenburg. Huygens and others notably praised the quality of Spinoza's lenses
Baruch_Spinoza
British historian of science (1920–2009)
Correspondence of Henry Oldenburg. Volume VIII: 1671-1672, edited by A. Rupert Hall & Marie Boas Hall, The Correspondence of Henry Oldenburg. Volume X: June
A._Rupert_Hall
Letters to and from the Dutch philosopher Benedictus de Spinoza (1633–1677)
science. Lodewijk Meyer, 1663 Henry Oldenburg, 1661-1663, 1665, 1675-167 Petrus Serrarius (Pieter Serrurier) introduced Oldenburg, secretary of the Royal Society
Epistolae_(Spinoza)
Public dispute between Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz (beginning 1699)
French Academy of Sciences), or for an English scientist, a letter to Henry Oldenburg (the secretary of the Royal Society of London), essentially carried
Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy
Leibniz–Newton_calculus_controversy
Name list
Hochheimer (1818–1912), German-American rabbi Henry J. Messing (1847–1913), German-American rabbi Henry Oldenburg, German theologian, diplomat, natural philosopher
Henry_(given_name)
Dan Mach
Egilmar I (c. 1060–1112) was the first Count of Oldenburg and thus founder of the House of Oldenburg. He reigned from c. 1091 to 1108. Count Egilmar I
Elimar_I,_Count_of_Oldenburg
Smallest convex set containing a given set
in the form of a Newton polygon, in a letter from Isaac Newton to Henry Oldenburg in 1676. The term "convex hull" itself appears as early as the work
Convex_hull
Scientific journal published by the Royal Society
first secretary, Henry Oldenburg, four-and-a-half years after the society was founded. The full title of the journal, as given by Oldenburg, was "Philosophical
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
Philosophical_Transactions_of_the_Royal_Society
English plant anatomist and physiologist (1641–1712)
the Royal Society in the preceding year, and in 1677 he succeeded Henry Oldenburg as secretary of the society. He edited the Philosophical Transactions
Nehemiah_Grew
Area of Greater London, England
refurbishment in Victorian times. Among others, the German-born scientist Henry Oldenburg was buried in the churchyard in 1677. Hall Place, a former stately
Bexley
Type of inertial force
part [...]. The same year, Isaac Newton received Huygens's work via Henry Oldenburg and replied "I pray you return [Mr. Huygens] my humble thanks [...]
Centrifugal_force
13th century Count of Oldenburg
John I, Count of Oldenburg (c. 1210 – c. 1270) was a ruling Count of Oldenburg from 1233 until his death. His father, Christian II, had ruled jointly
John_I,_Count_of_Oldenburg
Addition of several numbers or other values
dates back to 1675 when Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, in a letter to Henry Oldenburg, suggested the symbol ∫ {\textstyle \int } to mark the sum of differentials
Summation
Long-distance intellectual community in early modern Europe and the Americas
journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society edited by Henry Oldenburg. The seventeenth century saw new academies open in France, Germany
Republic_of_Letters
Surname list
the surname include: Claes Oldenberg (1929–2022), American sculptor Henry Oldenburg (c. 1619–1677) German theologian, diplomat, natural philosopher, First
Oldenberg
Genus of North American cicadas
Insects, and the Mischiefs Done by Them". Philosophical Transactions. 1. Henry Oldenburg: 137–138. 1665–1666. Bibcode:1665RSPT....1..137.. JSTOR 101462. Multiple
Periodical_cicadas
Belief that the divine pervades all of space and time and also extends beyond it
been called the "prophet" and "prince" of pantheism, in a letter to Henry Oldenburg Spinoza states that: "as to the view of certain people that I identify
Panentheism
European dynasty of German origin
The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty whose members rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Livonia
House_of_Oldenburg
2003 historical novel by Neal Stephenson
Earl of Upnor, and Daniel becomes secretary of the Royal Society when Henry Oldenburg is detained by Charles II for his active foreign correspondence. During
Quicksilver (Stephenson novel)
Quicksilver_(Stephenson_novel)
Milanese scientist and museum founder
A. R. Hall; M. Boas Hall, eds. (1965–1973). The Correspondence of Henry Oldenburg. Vol. III. Madison and Milwaukee: The University of Wisconsin Press
Manfredo_Settala
Dutch mathematician and physicist (1629–1695)
debated the published record of Hevelius, a controversy mediated by Henry Oldenburg. Huygens passed to Hevelius a manuscript of Jeremiah Horrocks on the
Christiaan_Huygens
Jewish mystic and self-proclaimed Messiah (1626–1676)
Hamburg and Amsterdam learned of the events in Smyrna from Christians. Henry Oldenburg, a German savant who became the first secretary of the Royal Society
Sabbatai_Zevi
Theorem: (cos x + i sin x)^n = cos nx + i sin nx
Academia Cantabrigiensi; … — of 13 June 1676 from Isaac Newton to Henry Oldenburg, secretary of the Royal Society; a copy of the letter was sent to Gottfried
De_Moivre's_formula
English mathematician (1616–1703)
entirely from memory. It was a feat that was considered remarkable, and Henry Oldenburg, the Secretary of the Royal Society, sent a colleague to investigate
John_Wallis
Emergence of modern science (1572-1687)
been the patron of the society. The society's first secretary was Henry Oldenburg. Its early meetings included experiments performed first by Hooke and
Scientific_Revolution
Property of a mass in motion
Brouncker and Christopher Wren in London, in 1661. What Spinoza wrote to Henry Oldenburg about them, in 1666 during the Second Anglo-Dutch War, was guarded
Momentum
Political and religious ideology
moved in circles in the Netherlands which included Petrus Serrarius, Henry Oldenburg and was even directly influenced by La Peyrère. With the rise of the
Christian_Zionism
Novel series by Neal Stephenson
Louis XIV of France Mary II of England Thomas Newcomen Isaac Newton Henry Oldenburg William Penn Samuel Pepys Peter the Great traveling incognito as Peter
The_Baroque_Cycle
William Holder c. 1667 first human blood transfusion: Richard Lower, Henry Oldenburg, Jean-Baptiste Denys c. 1859 development of the theory of evolution:
List of scientific priority disputes
List_of_scientific_priority_disputes
Former state in Germany
Oldenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk] ) is a former state in northwestern Germany whose capital was Oldenburg. The County gained its independence
Oldenburg_(state)
This promise was fulfilled in communication which Newton addressed to Henry Oldenburg, the secretary of the Royal Society, on 6 February 1672, and which
Early_life_of_Isaac_Newton
Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1670 to 1723
from the Inquisition. He met with scientists such as Robert Hooke, Henry Oldenburg, Isaac Newton and Robert Boyle; Cosimo bought a machine, built by Samuel
Cosimo_III_de'_Medici
Peer-reviewed scholarly periodical
or book reviews. The purpose of an academic journal, according to Henry Oldenburg (the first editor of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society)
Academic_journal
Town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Oldenburg in Holstein (German: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk ʔɪn ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ) is a German town on the southwestern shore of the Baltic Sea. The nearest city is Lübeck.
Oldenburg_in_Holstein
French physician (c. 1635 – 1704)
Journal des sçavans, which enabled him to start a correspondence with Henry Oldenburg, and consequently the Philosophical Transaction. He omitted to credit
Jean-Baptiste_Denys
French mathematician (1667–1754)
Academia Cantabrigiensi; … — of 13 June 1676 from Isaac Newton to Henry Oldenburg, secretary of the Royal Society; a copy of the letter was sent to Gottfried
Abraham_de_Moivre
Anglo-Irish writer on education (1613–1664)
so, Henry Oldenburg would have been around 48 years old, and John Dury would have been around 71 years old at the time of the wedding. Both Henry and
Dorothy_Dury
First successful mirror telescope
late 1668 and first wrote about it in a February 23, 1669 letter to Henry Oldenburg (Secretary of the Royal Society).". Newton found that he could see
Newton's_reflector
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1180–1803)
Ratzeburg and Schwerin were split off from Oldenburg and no bishop was appointed after 1066. After the Saxon count Henry of Badewide had campaigned in the Wagrian
Prince-Bishopric_of_Lübeck
Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1900 to 1918
Augustus II (16 November 1852 in Oldenburg – 24 February 1931 in Rastede) was the last ruling Grand Duke of Oldenburg. Frederick Augustus was the eldest
Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg
Frederick_Augustus_II,_Grand_Duke_of_Oldenburg
Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1829 to 1853
(German: Paul Friedrich August von Oldenburg; 13 July 1783 – 27 February 1853) was the reigning Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1829 to 1853. Augustus was born
Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg
Augustus,_Grand_Duke_of_Oldenburg
Literary genre
founding editor of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Henry Oldenburg. The term "peer review" was first used in the early 1970s. Technical
Scientific_literature
save the King. He was imprisoned from 1660 until his death in 1666. Henry Oldenburg, first Secretary to the Royal Society, was imprisoned for one month
List of prisoners of the Tower of London
List_of_prisoners_of_the_Tower_of_London
Scottish Calvinist minister and intellectual
of Lady Ranelagh. Their daughter Dora Katherina Dury (1654–77) was Henry Oldenburg's second wife. Dorothy also had two sons by her first husband. Analysis
John_Dury
1670 philosophical work by Spinoza
is more discursive and accessible to readers of Latin. He wrote to Henry Oldenburg, Secretary of the Royal Society, who had visited him in the Netherlands
Tractatus Theologico-Politicus
Tractatus_Theologico-Politicus
Swedish-born American sculptor (1929–2022)
Claes Oldenburg (January 28, 1929 – July 18, 2022) was a Swedish-born American sculptor best known for his public art installations, typically featuring
Claes_Oldenburg
Rabbi, kabbalist, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher
figures of the age, including Cambridge theologian Ralph Cudworth, Henry Oldenburg, Robert Boyle and his sister, Adam Boreel, John Sadler, John Dury and
Menasseh_Ben_Israel
Friesendorff, 1st Baronet (1617–1669), Swedish diplomat born in Bremen Henry Oldenburg (1619–1677), secretary of the Royal Society Franz Wulfhagen (c. 1624–1670)
List_of_people_from_Bremen
Count of Oldenburg of the House of Oldenburg: Elimar I, Count of Oldenburg (1040–1108) Elimar II, Count of Oldenburg (1070–1142) Henry I of Oldenburg, Count
List of members of the House of Oldenburg
List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Oldenburg
English physician
office till the grant of their charter, by which John Wilkins and Henry Oldenburg were nominated joint secretaries. On 7 October 1662 he was created
William_Croone
French jurist and political philosopher (c. 1530–1596)
Hermann Conring, some years later did editorial work on the manuscript. Henry Oldenburg wanted to copy it, for transmission to John Milton and possibly John
Jean_Bodin
Book denying all three Abrahamic religions
Science & Business Media. p. 35. ISBN 978-94-009-1944-0. Popkin, Richard Henry (1992). The Third Force in Seventeenth Century Thought. Brill. p. 363.
Treatise of the Three Impostors
Treatise_of_the_Three_Impostors
County of the Holy Roman Empire
The County of Oldenburg (German: Grafschaft Oldenburg) was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1667-1773, it was also part of the kingdom of Denmark
County_of_Oldenburg
English antiquary
Davies in his Athenæ Britannicæ, and Sammes's erudition was praised by Henry Oldenburg (see Philosophical Transactions No. 124, p. 596). Besides the Britannia
Aylett_Sammes
Combination of a stringed instrument and an organ
claviorgan playing stringed instruments is described in a letter from Henry Oldenburg in 1664. Hupfeld Phonoliszt-Violina Model B García, Carmen Morte (1999)
Claviorgan
Sports equipment design
Newton wrote a letter to German theologian and natural philosopher Henry Oldenburg regarding a tennis ball’s flight mechanics. In the following centuries
Sports_engineering
Count of Oldenburg (1500-1526)
of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst (also counted as John XIV, including also non-ruling namesake siblings; 1460, Oldenburg – 10 February 1526, Oldenburg) was
John_V,_Count_of_Oldenburg
Writing for science
English scientific writing dates back to the 14th century. In 1665, Henry Oldenburg founded the first scientific journal, Philosophical Transactions of
Scientific_writing
Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union (1426–1481)
(within the Holy Roman Empire). He was the first king of the House of Oldenburg. In the power vacuum that arose following the death of King Christopher
Christian_I_of_Denmark
Academia Cantabrigiensi; … — of 13 June 1676 from Isaac Newton to Henry Oldenburg, secretary of the Royal Society; a copy of the letter was sent to Gottfried
History_of_trigonometry
Tool for solving polynomial equations
some of their uses in correspondence from the year 1676 addressed to Henry Oldenburg. F-crystal Eisenstein's criterion Newton–Okounkov body Newton polytope
Newton_polygon
Dutch physician (1641–1673)
Royal Society in London, De Graaf recommended (at the end of April) Henry Oldenburg that attention should be paid to autodidact Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Regnier_de_Graaf
English traveller and author
Royal Society on his return to England in 1672, his proposer being Henry Oldenburg. Vernon's final journey was from Venice, through Dalmatia, Greece and
Francis_Vernon
Early attempts to explain gravity
the model was abandoned due to lack of progress. In a 1675 letter to Henry Oldenburg, and later to Robert Boyle, Newton wrote the following: [Gravity is
Mechanical explanations of gravitation
Mechanical_explanations_of_gravitation
Society of London begins publication in England under the editorship of Henry Oldenburg, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously
1665_in_science
The coat of arms of Oldenburg is the coat of arms associated with the state of Oldenburg, a county, duchy, and then grand duchy that existed between 1101
Coat_of_arms_of_Oldenburg
encourage the publicising of new discoveries in science, the German-born Henry Oldenburg pioneers the practice now known as peer reviewing, by sending scientific
Timeline of the history of the scientific method
Timeline_of_the_history_of_the_scientific_method
Queen consort of Greece from 1836 to 1862
Amalia of Oldenburg (Greek: Αμαλία; 21 December 1818 – 20 May 1875) was a Oldenburg princess who became Queen of Greece from 1836 to 1862 as the wife
Amalia_of_Oldenburg
Italian biologist and physician
teaching. He was invited to correspond with the Royal Society in 1667 by Henry Oldenburg, and became a fellow of the society the next year. In 1656, Ferdinand
Marcello_Malpighi
Kendall, SC, 1863 December 17 James Murphy, SC, 1864 January 6 Henry Stark, SC, 1864 April 17 Henry Jerome, SC, 1864 May 2 Index Card Summary of Execution(s)
List of people executed in South Carolina (pre-1972)
List_of_people_executed_in_South_Carolina_(pre-1972)
English natural philosopher (1614–1672)
and one of the Society's two secretaries: he shared the work with Henry Oldenburg, whom he had met in Oxford in 1656. Wilkins became vicar of Polebrook
John_Wilkins
Mathematical series in trigonometry
1993. However, he had been sent Newton's sine and cosine series by Henry Oldenburg in 1675 and did not claim to have discovered them. See: Probst, Siegmund
Madhava_series
17th-century Anglo-Irish scientist
meeting place of the "Invisible College" of the later 1640s. From 1656 Henry Oldenburg was tutor to her son Richard. In the 1650s her brother Robert Boyle
Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh
Katherine_Jones,_Viscountess_Ranelagh
Philosophical term for "the many"
worked to counter the "prejudices of theologians", he wrote thinker Henry Oldenburg in 1665, as "the main obstacles to ... philosoph[izing]". He aimed
Multitude_(philosophy)
Portuguese Jesuit missionary in Ethiopia (1595–1678)
Lobo's writings have survived. He entered into a correspondence with Henry Oldenburg of the Royal Society concerning the source of the Nile, which likely
Jerónimo_Lobo
Hobbes's Rosetum geometricum, and complained about this in 1672 to Henry Oldenburg. Recent scholarly explanations are more complex. It is argued by Noel
Hobbes–Wallis_controversy
Open scientific research
scientific organizations modeled after those two academies. In 1665, Henry Oldenburg became the editor of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
Open_science
Dutch biologist and microscopist (1637–1680)
Nicolaus Steno, but was back in Amsterdam in early 1676. In a letter to Henry Oldenburg, he explained "I was never at any time busier than in these days, and
Jan_Swammerdam
Nott Henry Oldenburg Philip Packer Dudley Palmer Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth John Pell Sir William Persall Peter Pett Sir Peter Pett Henry Pierrepont
List of original fellows of the Royal Society
List_of_original_fellows_of_the_Royal_Society
French meteorologist
England in 1668 where he obtained a telescope and became a friend of Henry Oldenburg. He later corresponded with Huygens and Leibniz. He is best remembered
Joachim_Dalencé
French scholar and royal administrator
corresponded with John Locke, with Robert Boyle, Edmond Halley and Henry Oldenburg of the Royal Society, and with Gottfried Leibniz and Antoine Arnauld
Henri_Justel
(Johann Scheffler), German poet and mystic (born 1624) September 5 – Henry Oldenburg, German-born theologian and natural philosopher (born c. 1619) September
1677_in_literature
Italian physicist and mathematician (1631–1687)
in Leibniz's Hypothesis physica nova (1671). In 1671, a review by Henry Oldenburg of the Prodromus appeared in the Philosophical Transactions. Robert
Francesco_Lana_de_Terzi
Italian alchemist and prophet (1627–1695)
conferred on him honorary citizenship. During this period, he met Henry Oldenburg, Robert Moray, Constantijn Huygens, Franciscus van den Enden, Theodor
Giuseppe_Francesco_Borri
French astronomer (1605–1694)
correspondence with notable thinkers, including Galileo, Marin Mersenne, Henry Oldenburg, Christiaan Huygens, Pierre de Fermat, and Arcangela Tarabotti. Bullialdus'
Ismaël_Bullialdus
History of physical crystallography to 1895
reported on some of his work on triboluminescence in 1664. In 1677 Henry Oldenburg described the luminescence of fluorite, CaF2, on heating; this is termed
Physical crystallography before X-rays
Physical_crystallography_before_X-rays
Web-based proofreading project
completion of a four-volume work, London Labour and the London Poor, by Henry Mayhew. On 7 December 2025, the 50,000th book milestone was celebrated with
Distributed_Proofreaders
Academic journal
and is the oldest scientific journal in the English-speaking world. Henry Oldenburg was appointed as the first (joint) secretary to the society and he
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A
Philosophical_Transactions_of_the_Royal_Society_A
Dutch theologian and Hebrew scholar
Collegiants after exclusion from the Amsterdam Jewish community, and Henry Oldenburg, a correspondent. Boreel was close also to John Dury. They were a fringe
Adam_Boreel
Italian philosopher and diplomat
demonstration by Robert Hooke, as well as a warm reception by the secretary, Henry Oldenburg, quickly overcame their initial disappointment in finding the society
Lorenzo_Magalotti
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