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Element of a unital algebra over the field of real numbers
In mathematics, the hypercomplex number is a traditional term for an element of a finite-dimensional unital algebra over the field of real numbers. The
Hypercomplex_number
Hypercomplex number system
octonions are a normed division algebra over the real numbers, a kind of hypercomplex number system. The octonions are usually represented by the capital letter
Octonion
Used to count, measure, and label
k are 3 different imaginary units. Each hypercomplex number system is a subset of the next hypercomplex number system of double dimensions obtained via
Number
Branch of mathematical analysis
In mathematics, hypercomplex analysis is the extension of complex analysis to the hypercomplex numbers. The first instance is functions of a quaternion
Hypercomplex_analysis
Natural number
trigintaduonions form a 32-dimensional hypercomplex number system. An international calling code for Belgium. 32 is the ninth 10-happy number, while 23 is the sixth.
32_(number)
Natural number
} The sedenions form a 16-dimensional hypercomplex number system. Sixteen is the base of the hexadecimal number system, which is used extensively in computer
16_(number)
Algebra based on a vector space with a quadratic form
the real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions and several other hypercomplex number systems. The theory of Clifford algebras is intimately connected
Clifford_algebra
Notation for expressing numbers
the system of real numbers, the system of complex numbers, various hypercomplex number systems, the system of p-adic numbers, etc. Such systems are, however
Numeral_system
Mathematical table
examples, see group. Hypercomplex number multiplication tables show the non-commutative results of multiplying two hypercomplex imaginary units. The simplest
Multiplication_table
0.107648 < d < 0.49094093, Romanov conjectured that it is 0.434 Hypercomplex number is a term for an element of a unital algebra over the field of real
List_of_numbers
Topics referred to by the same term
where one road bears three numbers Triplex (mathematics), a type of Hypercomplex number Triplex, a cinema multiplex with three screens Triplex (software)
Triplex
Hypercomplex number system
e 6 − e 15 ) {\displaystyle (e_{3}+e_{10})(e_{6}-e_{15})} . All hypercomplex number systems after sedenions that are based on the Cayley–Dickson construction
Sedenion
Fractal named after mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot
shown that the generalized Mandelbrot set in higher-dimensional hypercomplex number spaces (i.e. when the power α {\displaystyle \alpha } of the iterated
Mandelbrot_set
Four-dimensional number system
Quaternion Association, devoted to the study of quaternions and other hypercomplex number systems. From the mid-1880s, quaternions began to be displaced by
Quaternion
Topics referred to by the same term
Hypercomplex may refer to: Hypercomplex cell Hypercomplex analysis Hypercomplex manifold Hypercomplex number This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Hypercomplex
trigonometry. Hypercomplex analysis the extension of real analysis and complex analysis to the study of functions where the argument is a hypercomplex number. Hyperfunction
Glossary of areas of mathematics
Glossary_of_areas_of_mathematics
Commutative, associative algebra of two complex dimensions
hypercomplex numbers. In 1848 James Cockle introduced the tessarines in a series of articles in Philosophical Magazine. A tessarine is a hypercomplex
Bicomplex_number
German-American mathematician
with number-pairs or points in the plane, became a general tool of mathematicians. Naturally the question arose whether or not a similar "hypercomplex" number
Richard_Brauer
Branch of mathematics
difference p – q also produces a segment equipollent to pq. Other hypercomplex number systems also used the idea of a linear space with a basis. Arthur
Linear_algebra
German mathematician (1882–1935)
[On Certain Relationships between the Arithmetic of Hypercomplex Number Systems and Algebraic Number Fields], Mathematische Annalen (in German), 111 (1):
Emmy_Noether
Hypercomplex number system
triginta 'thirty' + duo 'two' + the suffix -nion, which is used for hypercomplex number systems. Other names include 32-ion, 32-nion, 25-ion, and 25-nion
Trigintaduonion
Natural number
first stellation is the cube-octahedron compound. The octonions are a hypercomplex normed division algebra that are an extension of the complex numbers
8
Branch of mathematics
of the complex numbers to hypercomplex numbers, specifically William Rowan Hamilton's quaternions in 1843. Many other number systems followed shortly.
Abstract_algebra
Negative number Prime number List of prime numbers Highly composite number Perfect number Algebraic number Transcendental number Hypercomplex number Transfinite
Outline_of_arithmetic
Array of numbers
algebra, partially due to their use in the classification of the hypercomplex number systems of the previous century. The inception of matrix mechanics
Matrix_(mathematics)
Method for producing composition algebras
"An unified approach for developing rationalized algorithms for hypercomplex number multiplication". Przegląd Elektrotechniczny. 1 (2). Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT:
Cayley–Dickson_construction
Number with a real and an imaginary part
^{2}.} This is generalized by the notion of a linear complex structure. Hypercomplex numbers also generalize R , {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ,} C , {\displaystyle
Complex_number
Mathematical structure in abstract algebra
Quaternions, split-complex numbers, dual numbers, and possibly other hypercomplex number systems form *-rings (with their built-in conjugation operation)
*-algebra
Special interest group of mathematicians (1899 to 1913)
academic world that were experimenting with quaternions and other hypercomplex number systems. The group's guiding light was Alexander Macfarlane who served
Quaternion_Association
Branch of algebra
theory began with attempts to extend the complex numbers to various hypercomplex number systems. The genesis of the theories of commutative and noncommutative
Ring_theory
sums and differences of real and imaginary numbers. Hypercomplex numbers include various number-system extensions: quaternions ( H {\displaystyle \mathbb
List_of_types_of_numbers
Reals with an extra square root of +1 adjoined
on the topic of: Split binarions Minkowski space Split-quaternion Hypercomplex number Vladimir V. Kisil (2012) Geometry of Mobius Transformations: Elliptic
Split-complex_number
American mathematician, cyberneticist, editor
Horus.” Muses envisioned a mathematical number concept, Musean hypernumbers, that includes hypercomplex number algebras such as complex numbers and split-complex
Charles_Musès
Classification of semi-simple rings and algebras
{\displaystyle k} . Maschke's theorem Brauer group Jacobson density theorem Hypercomplex number Emil Artin Joseph Wedderburn By the definition used here, semisimple
Wedderburn–Artin_theorem
Concept in linear algebra
4\times 4} real matrix, a quaternion matrix can be represented as a hypercomplex number constituted by a tensor product of quaternion algebras called hyperquaternions
Quaternionic_matrix
German mathematician (1868–1942)
Hausdorff wrote other works on optics, on non-Euclidean geometry, and on hypercomplex number systems, as well as two papers on probability theory. However, his
Felix_Hausdorff
there. Research turned to hypercomplex numbers more generally. For instance, Thomas Kirkman and Arthur Cayley considered the number of equations between basis
History_of_quaternions
Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)
cold, wet, rain-wet streets of Göttingen" after class discussing hypercomplex number systems and their representations. Von Neumann's habilitation was
John_von_Neumann
Transformation of a geometric space preserving structure
of spacetime by use of biquaternions. Early in the 20th century, hypercomplex number systems were examined. Later their automorphism groups led to exceptional
Motion_(geometry)
Quaternions with complex number coefficients
biquaternions with non-zero square modulus. Biquaternion algebra Hypercomplex number Hypercomplex analysis Joachim Lambek MacFarlane's use Quotient ring Quaternion
Biquaternion
Geometric model of the physical space
with William Rowan Hamilton's development of the quaternions, a hypercomplex number system. For this purpose, Hamilton coined the terms scalar and vector
Three-dimensional_space
German mathematician (1862 – 1930)
trigonometry. He is also known for contributions to space geometry, hypercomplex numbers, and criticism of early physical chemistry. Study was born in
Eduard_Study
lies on the dual number projective line, and a d − b c {\displaystyle ad-bc} is not a zero divisor. A dual number is a hypercomplex number of the form x
Laguerre_transformations
Element of an algebra using quaternions and split-complex numbers
In mathematics, a split-biquaternion is a hypercomplex number of the form q = w + x i + y j + z k , {\displaystyle q=w+x\mathrm {i} +y\mathrm {j} +z\mathrm
Split-biquaternion
Topics referred to by the same term
Dual number may refer to: Dual numbers, a hypercomplex number system in mathematics, consisting of real numbers adjoined with a nil-squaring element. The
Dual_number_(disambiguation)
Mutation of quaternions where unit vectors square to +1
physics. As for mathematics, the hyperbolic quaternion is another hypercomplex number, as such structures were called at the time. By the 1890s Richard
Hyperbolic_quaternion
Mathematical encyclopedia begun by Felix Klein
\mathbb {R} } or C {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} } ) was known as a hypercomplex number, exemplified by quaternions ( H {\displaystyle \mathbb {H} } ) which
Klein's Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences
Klein's_Encyclopedia_of_Mathematical_Sciences
Neuron in the cerebral cortex used for visual processing
A hypercomplex cell (currently called an end-stopped cell) is a type of visual processing neuron in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Initially discovered
Hypercomplex_cell
Anticommutating number
In mathematical physics, a Grassmann number, named after Hermann Grassmann (also called an anticommuting number or supernumber), is an element of the exterior
Grassmann_number
Australian mathematician (1863 to 1931)
quaternions to dual quaternions, McAulay made a special study of this hypercomplex number system. In 1898 McAulay published, through Cambridge University Press
Alexander_McAulay
German mathematician (1849–1917)
Frobenius", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews G. Frobenius, "Theory of hypercomplex quantities" (English translation)
Ferdinand_Georg_Frobenius
Generalized sphere of dimension n (mathematics)
not even connected, consisting of two discrete points. For any natural number n {\displaystyle n} , an n {\displaystyle n} -sphere of radius r
N-sphere
Functions of complex quaternions
Biquaternion Quaternion Biquaternion algebra Quaternion algebra Hypercomplex number Hypercomplex analysis Stillwell, John (2010). Mathematics and Its History
Biquaternion_functions
function: a function whose domain is quaternionic. Hypercomplex function: a function whose domain is hypercomplex (e.g. quaternions, octonions, sedenions, trigintaduonions
List_of_types_of_functions
Fundamental space of geometry
other physical dimensions: the distance in a "mathematical" space is a number, not something expressed in inches or metres. The standard way to mathematically
Euclidean_space
needed. A new transform, Hypercomplex Wavelet transform was developed in order to address this issue. The dual tree hypercomplex wavelet transform (HWT)
Wavelet for multidimensional signals analysis
Wavelet_for_multidimensional_signals_analysis
Geometric space with six dimensions
coordinates, to specify a location in this space. There are an infinite number of these, but those of most interest are simpler ones that model some aspect
Six-dimensional_space
Branch of elementary mathematics
positive and negative integers. Rational number arithmetic involves operations on fractions of integers. Real number arithmetic is about calculations with
Arithmetic
Number of vectors in any basis of the vector space
mathematics, the dimension of a vector space V is the cardinality (i.e., the number of vectors) of a basis of V over its base field. It is sometimes called
Dimension_(vector_space)
Book on the history of mathematics by Michael J. Crowe
the second half of the eighteenth century. History of quaternions Hypercomplex number Vector space Michael J. Crowe, A History of Vector Analysis (talk
A_History_of_Vector_Analysis
Manifold or algebraic variety of dimension n in a space of dimension n+1
algebraically closed (typically the field of rational numbers, a finite field or a number field), one says that the hypersurface is defined over k, and the points
Hypersurface
Pfister's sixteen-square identity Cayley–Dickson construction Hypercomplex number Latin square Degen's eight-square identity on MathWorld The Degen–Graves–Cayley
Degen's_eight-square_identity
Convex polytope, the n-dimensional analogue of a square and a cube
divide 2 n ( n m ) {\displaystyle 2^{n}{\tbinom {n}{m}}} by this number. The number of facets of the hypercube can be used to compute the ( n − 1 ) {\displaystyle
Hypercube
In mathematics, a module that has a basis
invariant basis number, then by definition any two bases have the same cardinality. For example, nonzero commutative rings have invariant basis number. The cardinality
Free_module
Number of independent parameters of a system
In many scientific fields, the degrees of freedom of a system is the number of parameters of the system that may vary independently. For example, a point
Degrees_of_freedom
Even-dimensional Hopf manifolds admit hypercomplex structure. The Hopf surface is the only compact hypercomplex manifold of quaternionic dimension 1 which
Hopf_manifold
Faster-than-light travel in science fiction
to as "jumping" (as in "the ship will now jump through hyperspace"). A number of related terms (such as imaginary space, Jarnell intersplit, jumpspace
Hyperspace
In mathematics, dimension of a ring
length n {\displaystyle n} . That is, the length is the number of strict inclusions, not the number of primes; these differ by 1 {\displaystyle 1} . We define
Krull_dimension
the multicomplex number systems C n {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} _{n}} are defined inductively as follows: Let C0 be the real number system. For every
Multicomplex_number
Geometric space with eight dimensions
kissing number problem has been solved in eight dimensions, thanks to the existence of the 421 polytope and its associated lattice. The kissing number in eight
Eight-dimensional_space
Invariant measure of fractal dimension
for sets of points that define a smooth shape or a shape that has a small number of corners—the shapes of traditional geometry and science—the Hausdorff
Hausdorff_dimension
Braille code for mathematics and science
Symbol simple complex hypercomplex fraction in mixed number open line close open line close open line close open line close Braille
Nemeth_Braille
Four-dimensional algebra over the real numbers
{\displaystyle D} are real numbers; ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } is a dual number that squares to zero; and i {\displaystyle i} , j {\displaystyle j} , and
Applications of dual quaternions to 2D geometry
Applications_of_dual_quaternions_to_2D_geometry
Method of determining fractal dimension
this number changes as we make the grid finer by applying a box-counting algorithm. Suppose that N ( ε ) {\textstyle N(\varepsilon )} is the number of boxes
Minkowski–Bouligand_dimension
Real numbers adjoined with a nil-squaring element
distance between them. The n-dimensional generalization, the Grassmann number, was introduced by Hermann Grassmann in the late 19th century. In modern
Dual_number
Subspace of n-space whose dimension is (n-1)
Cross-polytope Simplex Hyperpyramid Number systems Hypercomplex numbers Cayley–Dickson construction Dimensions by number Zero One Two Three Four Five Six
Hyperplane
Academic subfield of computer science
every number in order to find the number we're seeking. We thus say that in order to solve this problem, the computer needs to perform a number of steps
Theory_of_computation
Completion of the usual space with "points at infinity"
each line contains the same number of points and the order of the space is defined as one less than this common number. For finite projective spaces
Projective_space
Study of Lie groups, Lie algebras and differential equations
the complex plane. Other one-parameter groups occur in the split-complex number plane as the unit hyperbola { exp ( j t ) = cosh ( t ) + j sinh (
Lie_theory
Mathematics independent of applications
mathematics. Plato helped to create the gap between "arithmetic", now called number theory, and "logistic", now called arithmetic. Plato regarded logistic (arithmetic)
Pure_mathematics
Scottish mathematician
simultaneously copying it onto the blackboard. — Hooke, 1984 Hypercomplex numbers Wedderburn–Etherington number Taylor, H. S. (1949). "Joseph Henry Maclagen Wedderburn
Joseph_Wedderburn
Geometric space with seven dimensions
variety of other geometric constructions. Seven-dimensional spaces have a number of special properties, many of them related to the octonions. An especially
Seven-dimensional_space
Non-associative algebras with positive-definite quadratic form
A.S. (1989), "Normed algebras with an identity. Hurwitz's theorem.", Hypercomplex numbers. An elementary introduction to algebras, Trans. A. Shenitzer
Hurwitz's theorem (composition algebras)
Hurwitz's_theorem_(composition_algebras)
Property of a mathematical space
of a mathematical space (or object) is informally defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify any point within it. Thus, a line has a
Dimension
Area of mathematics
attractive. Sharkovskii's theorem is an interesting statement about the number of periodic points of a one-dimensional discrete dynamical system. Even
Dynamical_systems_theory
Branch of number theory
each prime p. p-adic exponential function p-adic Teichmüller theory Hypercomplex analysis p-adic quantum mechanics Koblitz, Neal (1984). P-adic numbers
P-adic_analysis
Geometric space with five dimensions
has a doubled symmetry from its symmetric Coxeter diagram. The kissing number of the lattice, 30, is represented in its vertices. The rectified 5-orthoplex
Five-dimensional_space
Mathematical space with two coordinates
a number, and optionally have a Euclidean, Lorentzian, or Galilean concept of distance. The complex plane, hyperbolic number plane, and dual number plane
Two-dimensional_space
N-dimensional generalisation of a pyramid
Cross-polytope Simplex Hyperpyramid Number systems Hypercomplex numbers Cayley–Dickson construction Dimensions by number Zero One Two Three Four Five Six
Hyperpyramid
Generalization of a rectangle for higher dimensions
Cross-polytope Simplex Hyperpyramid Number systems Hypercomplex numbers Cayley–Dickson construction Dimensions by number Zero One Two Three Four Five Six
Hyperrectangle
Geometric object with flat sides
generalization of three-dimensional polyhedra to any number of dimensions. Polytopes may exist in any general number of dimensions n as an n-dimensional polytope
Polytope
Space with one dimension
a single coordinate. An example is the number line, each point of which is described by a single real number. Any straight line or smooth curve is a
One-dimensional_space
Topologically invariant definition of the dimension of a space
to provide a number (an integer) that describes the space, and does not change as the space is continuously deformed; that is, a number that is invariant
Lebesgue_covering_dimension
Basic concepts of algebra
include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a whole number power, and taking roots (fractional power). The operations of elementary
Elementary_algebra
Algebraic variety that is a moduli space for principally polarized abelian varieties
dimension. They are named after Carl Ludwig Siegel, the 20th-century German number theorist who introduced the varieties in 1943. Siegel modular varieties
Siegel_modular_variety
Arithmetical operation
commutative for matrices and quaternions. Hurwitz's theorem shows that for the hypercomplex numbers of dimension 8 or greater, including the octonions, sedenions
Multiplication
Geometric object used to describe rotation in any number of dimensions
bivectors in the algebra. Mathematically such planes can be described in a number of ways. They can be described in terms of planes and angles of rotation
Plane_of_rotation
Branch of mathematics studying functions of a complex variable
complex spaces is in quantum mechanics as wave functions. Complex geometry Hypercomplex analysis List of complex analysis topics Monodromy theorem Riemann–Roch
Complex_analysis
the number π]. Mathematische Annalen (in German). 20 (2): 213–225. doi:10.1007/bf01446522. S2CID 120469397. Hawkins, Thomas (1972), "Hypercomplex numbers
History_of_mathematics
Invariant of topological spaces
{Ind} (\varnothing )=-1.} Then inductively, ind(X) is the smallest natural number n with the following property: for every x ∈ X {\displaystyle x\in X} and
Inductive_dimension
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
Surname or Lastname
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : nickname derived from German drei ‘three’, Middle High German drī(e), with the addition of the suffix -er. This was the name of a medieval coin worth three hellers (see Heller), and it is possible that the German surname may have been derived from this word. More probably, the nickname is derived from some other connection with the number three, too anecdotal to be even guessed at now.North German and Scandinavian : occupational name for a turner of wood or bone, from an agent derivative of Middle Low German dreien, dregen ‘to turn’. See also Dressler.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name from Yiddish dreyer ‘turner’, or a nickname from a homonym meaning ‘swindler, cheat’.English : variant spelling of Dryer.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places so named. Gratton in Derbyshire is from Old English grēat ‘great’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’. Gratton in High Bray, Devon, is probably ‘great hill’, from Old English grēat + dūn. A number of minor places in Devon are named from the dialect word gratton, gratten ‘stubble-field’.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Srestha | ஸà¯à®°à¯‡à®¸à¯à®¤à®¾
The best in number & quality, Most Happy or prosperous
Srestha | ஸà¯à®°à¯‡à®¸à¯à®¤à®¾
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Marsh.French : habitational name from places so named in Ardèche, Ardennes, Gard, Loire, Nièvre, and Meurthe-et-Moselle, from the Latin personal name Marcius, used adjectivally.French : from the personal name Meard, Mard, Mart, vernacular forms of the saint’s name Médard. Morlet notes that there are a number of places called Saint-Mars, formerly recorded in Latin as Sanctus Medardus.French : from the name of the month, mars ‘ March’, denoting seed sown in March, and hence a metonymic name for an arable grower.French (De Mars) : habitational name from Mars in the Ardennes.Dutch : from a short form of the personal name Marsilius.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sreshtha | à®·à¯à®°à¯‡à®·à¯à®Ÿ
The best in number & quality, Most Happy or prosperous
Sreshtha | à®·à¯à®°à¯‡à®·à¯à®Ÿ
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from a lost place, of uncertain location, named in Anglo-Norman French as mesnil Warin ‘domain of Warin’ (see Waring). The surname has had a large number of variant spellings; it is normally pronounced ‘Mannering’.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Ankisha | அநà¯à®•à¯€à®·à®¾
Goddess of number
Ankisha | அநà¯à®•à¯€à®·à®¾
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational names from any of a number of places called Hargrave or Hargreave, of which there are examples in Cheshire, Northamptonshire, and Suffolk; all are named with Old English hÄr ‘gray’ or hara ‘hare’ + grÄf ‘grove’ or græfe ‘thicket’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a virile man, from Middle English male ‘masculine’ (Old French masle, madle, Latin masculus).Belgian (van Male) : habitational name from any of a number of places in Flanders named Male.
Surname or Lastname
English (common in Devon and Cornwall), Spanish (Julián), and German
English (common in Devon and Cornwall), Spanish (Julián), and German : from a personal name, Latin Iulianus, a derivative of Iulius (see Julius), which was borne by a number of early saints. In Middle English the name was borne in the same form by women, whence the modern girl’s name Gillian.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized form of the Latin personal name Januarius or its Italian derivative Gennaro, which was borne by a number of early Christian saints, most famously a 3rd-century bishop of Benevento who became the patron of Naples.English
Americanized form of the Latin personal name Januarius or its Italian derivative Gennaro, which was borne by a number of early Christian saints, most famously a 3rd-century bishop of Benevento who became the patron of Naples.English : altered form of Janeway.In New England, a translation of French Janvier.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Rajaraman | ராஜரமணÂ
Equal n number of ramans
Rajaraman | ராஜரமணÂ
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place in Cumbria (Westmorland). The place name is recorded in Domesday Book as Lupetun, and probably derives from an Old English personal name Hluppa (of uncertain origin) + Old English tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’.The name was brought to America by John Lupton, who sailed from Gravesend, England, on the Primrose in 1635, and is recorded in VA three years later. On 24 October 1635 Davie Lupton set off on the Constance bound for VA, but there is no record of his arrival in the New World. A Christopher Lupton is recorded in Suffolk Co., Long Island, NY, c.1635, and a large number of Luptons in NC descend from him. An American family of the name settled in the area of Winchester, VA, in the mid18th century; they can be traced back to Martin Lupton, who was married in 1630 in the parish of Rothwell, Yorkshire, England.
Surname or Lastname
French (western)
French (western) : from a pet form of Martin 1.English : habitational name from Martineau in France. The name was also taken to England by Huguenot refugees in the 17th century (see below).Harriet Martineau (1802–76), the English writer, was the daughter of a Norwich manufacturer. She was descended from a family of French Huguenots who owned land around Poitou and Touraine in the 15th century. They included a number of surgeons in the 17th century. In the 19th century a branch of the family was firmly established in Birmingham, England; others went to North America.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of several places so called, named with the genitive plural huntena of Old English hunta ‘hunter’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’ or dūn ‘hill’ (the forms in -ton and -don having become inextricably confused). A number of bearers of this name may well derive it from Huntingdon, now in Cambridgeshire (formerly the county seat of the old county of Huntingdonshire), which is named from the genitive case of Old English hunta ‘huntsman’, perhaps used as a personal name, + dūn ‘hill’.A prominent American family of this name were founded by Simon Huntington, who himself never saw the New World, for he died in 1633 on the voyage to Boston, where his widow settled with her children. Their descendants include Jabez Huntington (1719–86), a wealthy West Indies trader, and Samuel Huntington (1731–96), who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Collis Potter Huntington (1821–1900) was an American railway magnate. Beginning with little education or money, he made a huge fortune, some of which he left to his nephew, Henry Huntington (1850–1927), who used the money to establish the Huntington library and art gallery in CA.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly northeastern)
English (mainly northeastern) : habitational name from any of various minor places (including perhaps some now lost) named from Old English hÄr ‘gray’, hara ‘hare’, or hær ‘rock’, ‘tumulus’ + land ‘tract of land’, ‘estate’, ‘cultivated land’, notably Harland in Kirkbymoorside. North Yorkshire, which is named from hær + land. This surname has been present in northern Ireland since the 17th century.French (Normandy) : nickname for someone given to stirring up trouble, from the present participle of medieval French hareler ‘to create a disturbance’.George and Michael Harland were Quakers who emigrated from Durham, England, to Ireland. George went on to DE in 1687 and became governor in 1695, while Michael went to Philadelphia. George Harland’s descendants, who dropped the final -d from their name, included a number of prominent American politicians, in particular James Harlan (1820–99), who became a senator and secretary of the interior.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone living in a hollow, Middle English dybbe. The surname is most common in Yorkshire, where a number of minor place names are formed from it.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Reducer of the number of demons
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English, French, German, Greek, Welsh
Manly; Wise; Masculine
Boy/Male
Tamil
Heaven
Girl/Female
Indian
Flowers
Boy/Male
Slavic Latin Russian
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Dutch, English, French, German, Indian, Jamaican, Latin, Swedish
Longed for; Desired; Longing
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Golden
Boy/Male
African, American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Dutch, English, French, German, Jamaican, Latin, Swiss
Loyalty; The Fifth; From the Queen's Estate; Fifth in Order
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Eye Thus "Precious"
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Comfort; Relief
Girl/Female
Swedish
Pearl.
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
HYPERCOMPLEX NUMBER
n.
Rate of motion; the relation of motion to time, measured by the number of units of space passed over by a moving body or point in a unit of time, usually the number of feet passed over in a second. See the Note under Speed.
n.
Something varying or differing from others of the same general kind; one of a number of things that are akin; a sort; as, varieties of wood, land, rocks, etc.
imp. & p. p.
of Number
n.
A number or collection of different things; a varied assortment; as, a variety of cottons and silks.
n.
One of the different arrangements which can be made of any number of quantities taking a certain number of them together.
p. pr & vb. n.
of Number
n.
To amount; to equal in number; to contain; to consist of; as, the army numbers fifty thousand.
n.
A short scale made to slide along the divisions of a graduated instrument, as the limb of a sextant, or the scale of a barometer, for indicating parts of divisions. It is so graduated that a certain convenient number of its divisions are just equal to a certain number, either one less or one more, of the divisions of the instrument, so that parts of a division are determined by observing what line on the vernier coincides with a line on the instrument.
n.
The distinction of objects, as one, or more than one (in some languages, as one, or two, or more than two), expressed (usually) by a difference in the form of a word; thus, the singular number and the plural number are the names of the forms of a word indicating the objects denoted or referred to by the word as one, or as more than one.
n.
To give or apply a number or numbers to; to assign the place of in a series by order of number; to designate the place of by a number or numeral; as, to number the houses in a street, or the apartments in a building.
n.
That which is regulated by count; poetic measure, as divisions of time or number of syllables; hence, poetry, verse; -- chiefly used in the plural.
n.
A numeral; a word or character denoting a number; as, to put a number on a door.
n.
One who numbers.
n.
pl. of Number. The fourth book of the Pentateuch, containing the census of the Hebrews.
superl.
Very great in numbers, quantity, or amount; as, a vast army; a vast sum of money.
n.
Expression of judgment or will by a majority; legal decision by some expression of the minds of a number; as, the vote was unanimous; a vote of confidence.
n.
A line consisting of a certain number of metrical feet (see Foot, n., 9) disposed according to metrical rules.
n.
A flight of missiles, as arrows, bullets, or the like; the simultaneous discharge of a number of small arms.