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Part of a machine instruction
In computing, an opcode (abbreviated from operation code) is an enumerated value that specifies the operation to be performed. Opcodes are employed in
Opcode
Instructions directly executable by a computer
possible through opcode-level programming to deliberately arrange the resulting code so that two code paths share a common fragment of opcode sequences. These
Machine_code
Visual representation of all opcodes in an instruction set
An opcode table (also called an opcode matrix) is a visual representation of all opcodes in an instruction set. It is arranged such that each axis of
Opcode_table
Low-level programming language family
language uses mnemonic symbols to represent low-level machine instructions (opcodes), directives, and usually architectural registers and flags. Some of the
Assembly_language
List of x86 microprocessor instructions
(6 bits for opcode C1 if it is encoded with a 64-bit operand-size under x86-64) On 80186 and later, sub-opcode /6 for the shift-opcodes C0/C1/D0/D1/D2/D3
List_of_x86_instructions
Part of a computer instruction
an opcode prefix is a numeric prefix code that alters the function of a following opcode. On some instruction set architectures multiple opcode prefixes
Opcode_prefix
American music software company
Opcode Systems, Inc. was an American music software company founded in 1985 by Dave Oppenheim and based in and around Palo Alto, California, USA. Opcode
Opcode_Systems
Computer network protocol
and opcode ≠ 0. A fragmented message consists of one frame with FIN = 0 and opcode ≠ 0, followed by zero or more frames with FIN = 0 and opcode = 0,
WebSocket
Undocumented CPU instruction that has an effect
In computer science, an illegal opcode, also called an unimplemented operation, unintended opcode or undocumented instruction, is an instruction to a
Illegal_opcode
Set of x86 processor instructions
The Intel BCD opcodes are a set of six x86 instructions that operate with binary-coded decimal numbers: AAA, DAA, AAS, DAS, AAM, and AAD. Most arithmetic
Intel_BCD_opcodes
Model that describes the programmable interface of a computer processor
instructions. On the processing architecture, a given instruction may specify: opcode (the instruction to be performed) e.g. add, copy, test any explicit operands:
Instruction_set_architecture
CPU optimization unit
Fetching the instruction opcodes from program memory well in advance is known as prefetching and it is served by using a prefetch input queue (PIQ). The
Prefetch_input_queue
Combinational digital circuit
called operands, and a code indicating the operation to be performed (opcode); the ALU's output is the result of the performed operation. In many designs
Arithmetic_logic_unit
Computer security testing tool
against a remote target machine. Other important sub-projects include the Opcode Database, shellcode archive and related research. The Metasploit Project
Metasploit
Programmable machine that processes data
code or opcode for short). The command to add two numbers together would have one opcode; the command to multiply them would have a different opcode, and
Computer
Microprocessor instruction set
single byte opcodes (the "root instructions"), most of which are inherited from the 8080. The four remaining codes are used extensively as opcode prefixes:
Z80_instruction_set
Single chip microcontroller series by Intel
initial opcode byte, followed by up to 2 bytes of operands. 1⁄4 of the opcode bytes, x0–x3, are used for irregular opcodes. 3⁄4 of the opcode bytes, x4–xF
Intel_MCS-51
Basic instruction cycle in a computer
operations based on specific opcodes in the instruction. For example, in RISC-V architecture, funct3 and funct7 opcodes exist to distinguish whether an
Instruction_cycle
Protocol
assigned by the program that generates any kind of query. QR - Query/Response. OPCODE - A 4-bit field that specifies the kind of query in this message. This value
Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution
Link-Local_Multicast_Name_Resolution
Machine instruction that indicates to a computer to do nothing
effects; for example, on the Motorola 68000 series of processors, the NOP opcode causes a synchronization of the pipeline. Listed below are the NOP instruction
NOP_(code)
Computer assembly language instruction
SIGTRAP. The opcode for INT3 is 0xCC, as opposed to the opcode for INT immediate8, which is 0xCD immediate8. Since the dedicated 0xCC opcode has some desired
INT_(x86_instruction)
Computer machine code instruction
design flaw was discovered by programmers. Due to incomplete opcode decoding, two illegal opcodes, 0x9D and 0xDD, will cause the program counter on the processor
Halt and Catch Fire (computing)
Halt_and_Catch_Fire_(computing)
has a single opcode. In others, some instructions have an opcode and one or more modifiers. E.g., on the IBM System/370, byte 0 is the opcode but when byte
Comparison of instruction set architectures
Comparison_of_instruction_set_architectures
Interpreted programming language
the semantics of a few of the opcodes, and SCHIP continued to use those new semantics in addition to changing other opcodes. Many online resources about
CHIP-8
Instruction set architecture
(immediate), and J (jump). Every instruction starts with a 6-bit opcode. In addition to the opcode, R-type instructions specify three registers, a shift amount
MIPS_architecture
8-bit microprocessor
registers. The binary opcodes (machine language) were identical, but preceded by a new opcode prefix. Zilog published the opcodes and related mnemonics
Zilog_Z80
Assembly languages for the RISC-V computer architecture
with one or more operands to translate into one or more bytes known as an opcode. RISC-V processors feature a set of registers that serve as storage for
RISC-V_assembly_language
Electronic test instrument that measures multiple signals from a circuit
timing diagrams, protocol decodes, state machine traces, opcodes, or may correlate opcodes with source-level software. Logic analyzers have advanced
Logic_analyzer
Processor executing one instruction in minimal clock cycles
conclusions worked in concert; removing instructions would allow the instruction opcodes to be shorter, freeing up bits in the instruction word which could then
Reduced instruction set computer
Reduced_instruction_set_computer
36-bit computer by Digital (1966–1983)
general instructions, the leftmost 9 bits, 0 to 8, contain an instruction opcode. Many of the possible 512 codes are not defined in the base model machines
PDP-10
System to identify resources on a network
follows: QR: 1 bit Indicates if the message is a query (0) or a reply (1). OPCODE: 4 bits The type can be QUERY (standard query, 0), IQUERY (inverse query
Domain_Name_System
Family of backward-compatible assembly languages
human-readable compared to raw machine code. Each machine code instruction is an opcode which, in assembly, is replaced with a mnemonic. Each mnemonic corresponds
X86_assembly_language
Instruction set architecture extension for microprocessors
high-order bits set to four, which replaces sixteen opcodes numbered 0x40–0x4F. Previously, those opcodes were individual INC and DEC instructions for the
REX_prefix
64-bit RISC instruction set architecture
It has a 6-bit opcode field, a 5-bit Ra field, a 5-bit Rb field and a 16-bit displacement field. Branch instructions have a 6-bit opcode field, a 5-bit
DEC_Alpha
Aspect of the instruction set architecture of CPUs
particular operand. Keeping the addressing mode specifier bits separate from the opcode operation bits produces an orthogonal instruction set. Even on a computer
Addressing_mode
Communications protocol for lighting control
the same on all Art-Net packets, while the green portion is variable. The opcode (given in little endian) tells the recipient this is a packet containing
Art-Net
Type of computer instructions
sign-extension and points out the potential is much greater. Intel BCD opcodes Power ISA has a large range of bit manipulation instructions, largely due
Bit_manipulation_instructions
8-bit microprocessor from 1975
instruction operation codes (opcodes) are 8 bits long and have the general form AAABBBCC, where AAA and CC define the opcode, and BBB defines the addressing
MOS_Technology_6502
Anomaly in computer security and programming
The Metasploit Project, for example, maintains a database of suitable opcodes, though it lists only those found in the Windows operating system. A buffer
Buffer_overflow
Digital circuit
prediction by using 4 semantically equivalent branch opcodes to represent each branch operator type. The opcode used indicated the history of that particular
Branch_predictor
Instruction for x86 processors
flags are set to 0, while AF flag is undefined. There are 9 different opcodes for the TEST instruction depending on the type and size of the operands
TEST_(x86_instruction)
Macintosh multimedia software
Open Music System (OMS) was a virtual studio management application by Opcode for the Classic Mac OS. Similar to FreeMIDI by Mark of the Unicorn and Audio
Open_Music_System
Instruction set architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation
as defined above. This group of instructions takes up 75% of available opcodes. The ADD and SUB instructions use word addressing, and have no byte-oriented
PDP-11_architecture
Central processing unit
the undocumented Z80 instructions were made official, including all the opcodes for instructions dealing with IX and IY as 8-bit registers (IXH, IXL, IYH
R800
Central computer component that executes instructions
combination of bits, known as the machine language opcode. While processing an instruction, the CPU decodes the opcode (via a binary decoder) into control signals
Central_processing_unit
Instruction in computer program
Machine code General concepts Instruction set Opcode Illegal opcode Opcode table Opcode prefix Operand Addressing mode Instructions NOP Branch Indirect
Branch_(computer_science)
Code intended as a payload to exploit a software vulnerability
flexibility needed to accomplish the goal. Shellcode authors leverage small opcodes to create compact shellcode. Local A local shellcode attack allows an attacker
Shellcode
Esoteric programming language
carriage returns. The language uses 10 opcodes and each word in the source code is translated into an opcode by adding all the digits in the word together
Leet_(programming_language)
Instruction for x86 microprocessors
In the x86 architecture, the CPUID instruction (identified by a CPUID opcode) is a processor supplementary instruction (its name derived from "CPU Identification")
CPUID
performed by these opcodes is the same for Intel and AMD. This documentation difference applies only to the MMX/SSE forms of these opcodes — for VEX/EVEX-encoded
List_of_x86_SIMD_instructions
Comprehensive list of features of x86-based computers
structures, CMOS settings, memory and port addresses, as well as processor opcodes for x86 machines from the 1981 IBM PC up to 2000 (including many clones)
Ralf_Brown's_Interrupt_List
64-bit x86 register
In x86-64 mode, RDTSC also clears the upper 32 bits of RAX and RDX. Its opcode is 0F 31. Pentium competitors such as the Cyrix 6x86 did not always have
Time_Stamp_Counter
Series of 16-bit computers by Texas Instruments
of program SVC DATA >0000 R3 - Open I/O opcode DATA >0B00 R4 - Write I/O opcode DATA >0100 R5 - Close I/O opcode DATA STRING R6 - Message address DATA STRLEN
TI-990
Gaphics file format
version 2. This version featured 16-bit opcodes and numerous changes which enhanced its utility. PICT 1 opcodes were supported as a subset for backward
PICT
Microprocessor produced by Western Digital
ever produced. When a standard WD16 processor executes opcodes F500 to FFFF, the reserved opcode trap is taken, loading PC from 001A. The high-order ten
WD16
Assembly language and bytecode for web browsers
concatenation of the SIMD prefix, plus an opcode that is valid after the SIMD prefix, forms each SIMD opcode. The SIMD opcodes bring an additional 236 instructions
WebAssembly
Instruction set architecture extension for microprocessors
previously existing instruction codes. This serves the following purposes: The opcode map is extended to make space for future instructions. It allows instruction
VEX_prefix
CLASS { &opcode INTEGER UNIQUE, &InvocationParsType, &ResponseParsAndResultType, &ExceptionList ERROR OPTIONAL } WITH SYNTAX { OPCODE &opcode REQUEST ARGUMENTS
Information Object Class (ASN.1)
Information_Object_Class_(ASN.1)
instructions in the instruction set of the Common Intermediate Language bytecode. Opcode abbreviated from operation code is the portion of a machine language instruction
List_of_CIL_instructions
8-bit microprocessor
the regular encoding of the MOV instruction (using a quarter of available opcode space), there are redundant codes to copy a register into itself (MOV B
Intel_8080
Feature of HDMI
is acknowledged, the device tries another address. The second byte is an opcode which specifies the operation to be performed, and the number and meaning
Consumer_Electronics_Control
Mainframe computer, 1960s
the IBM 709: A three-bit opcode (prefix), 15-bit decrement (D), three-bit tag (T), and 15-bit address (Y) A twelve-bit opcode, two-bit flag (F), four unused
IBM_7090
8-bit microcontroller family
rarely used branch instructions have had their opcodes changed to require a 90 prefix, and the unprefixed opcodes reassigned to signed branches which depend
STM8
16-bit microprocessor
register selector fields for both source and destination operands. In the opcode, "Symbolic" mode is represented as Indexed mode with the register field
TMS9900
Process virtual machine developed by Meta
Zend Engine transforms PHP source code into opcodes that serve as a form of bytecode, and executes the opcodes directly on the Zend Engine's virtual CPU
HHVM
List of computer processor instructions
the memory operand, and 9-bit branch destinations. Later revisions added opcode bits, allowing additional address bits. They are accumulator machines, with
PIC_instruction_listings
Personal computer, invented in 1970
Opcode matrix for the Kenbak-1 instruction set High octal digits Low octal digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 00 HALT SFTR A1 SET 0 b0 XXX ADD A #XXX ADD A XXX ADD
Kenbak-1
Instruction for x86 processors
FCMOV is a floating point conditional move opcode of the Intel x86 architecture, first introduced in Pentium Pro processors. It copies the contents of
FCMOV
Data transfer protocol designed for mobile devices
Opcode Operation Name Explanation 0x9805 GetObjectPropList Metadata transfer 0x9806 SetObjectPropList 0x1019 MoveObject Rename a file or directory 0x101B
Media_Transfer_Protocol
1960s decimal computer
201–332. The 1401's instruction format is Opcode with [A-or-I-or-unit-address [B-address]] [modifier] word mark Opcodes are one character. Memory addresses
IBM_1401
Instruction encoding rule for the x86 instruction set
set. Opcodes in x86 are generally one-byte, though two-byte instructions and prefixes exist. ModR/M is a byte that, if required, follows the opcode and
ModR/M
Computer network protocol
request or response header containing an opcode that determines the associated operation, any relevant opcode-specific information (such as which ports
Port_Control_Protocol
Computer security exploit technique
"certain machine instructions which happen to contain the return opcode in their opcodes or immediate operands", such as movl $0xC3, %eax. The ARMv8.3-A
Return-oriented_programming
Free and open-source virtual private network software
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 0 0 Opcode KeyID Session ID 4 32 Session ID 8 64 Session ID HMAC 12 96 HMAC ⋮ ⋮ 24
OpenVPN
Design flaw in 1993-1997 Intel processors
compare and exchange of 8 bytes in register EAX). The bug also applies to opcodes ending in C9 through CF, which specify register operands other than EAX
Pentium_F00F_bug
CMOS microprocessor in the 6502 family
addressing modes, produce a total of 151 opcodes of the possible 256 8-bit opcode patterns. The remaining 105 unused opcodes are undefined, with the set of codes
WDC_65C02
CPU register that is always zero
benefit on performance. Some architectures accomplish this with dedicated opcodes, specialized variations of their basic instructions. Implementing these
Zero_register
Computer instruction executing another instruction
Machine code General concepts Instruction set Opcode Illegal opcode Opcode table Opcode prefix Operand Addressing mode Instructions NOP Branch Indirect
Execute_instruction
Control system developed in Sydney
of: [1C] [Area] [Data 1] [OpCode] [Data 2] [Data 3] [Join] [Checksum] Area is the Logical Area the message is to control. OpCode defines the Action to be
Dynalite
Type of random-access memory
Description Bit Description ↓ RQ11 0 0 COL opcode 0 COLX opcode 0 ROWP opcode 0 ROWA opcode 1 COLM opcode ↓ RQ10 0 0 0 0 1 M3 Write mask low bits ↓ RQ9
XDR_DRAM
Modification of software, often to use it for free
or monitor in a manner that replaces a prior branching opcode with its complement or a NOP opcode so the key branch will either always execute a specific
Software_cracking
Software that executes source code directly
particular code segment is executed the interpreter simply loads or jumps to the opcode mapping in the template and directly runs it on the hardware. Due to its
Interpreter_(computing)
Software responsible for starting the computer
and LOADER support the 7.07 sectors had to resort to self-modifying code, opcode-level programming, controlled utilization of side effects, multi-level data/code
Bootloader
Learning aid
and Linux (untested); provides editor, simple assembler, and examples; opcodes 0 and 9 are interchanged as described on the page; source code appears
CARDboard Illustrative Aid to Computation
CARDboard_Illustrative_Aid_to_Computation
Abstract machine that uses only one instruction
that uses only one instruction – obviating the need for a machine language opcode. With a judicious choice for the single instruction and given arbitrarily
One-instruction_set_computer
Computer instruction which pauses execution
instruction is run in the "System Idle Process". On x86 processors, the opcode of HLT is 0xF4. On ARM processors, the similar instructions are WFI (Wait
HLT_(x86_instruction)
Network administration command-line tool
example.com any ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4016 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER:
Dig_(command)
Unconditional jump instruction in x86 assembly language
execution by changing the program counter. There are a number of different opcodes that perform a jump; depending on whether the processor is in real mode
JMP_(x86_instruction)
16-bit microprocessor introduced by NEC
the NEC V25 that adds "Security Guard", a security mode where instruction opcode bytes are translated during fetch/decode using a 256-entry user-defined
NEC_V20
Mechanism that ensures threads are not executed in parallel
"""Execute bytecode.""" lock = Lock() for (opcode, args) in bytecode: lock.acquire() INSTRUCTION_TABLE[opcode](args) lock.release() Free-Threaded Build
Global_interpreter_lock
Type of computer memory
CID0–2 H V Column C3–10 V AP V CID3 Vref CA L H H L L L Opcode OP0-6 L V Vref CS L H H L L L Opcode OP0-6 H V Refresh all L H H L L H CID3 V H L Chip CID0–2
DDR5_SDRAM
8-bit microprocessor
most assemblers of the era mapped much more directly onto the low-level opcodes of the processor and lacked higher-level features. The MAC-8 was followed
BELLMAC-8
Programming language with hardware abstraction
if any, language elements that translate directly to a machine's native opcodes. Other features, such as string handling, object-oriented programming features
High-level programming language
High-level_programming_language
Serial bus connecting MAC devices with the Ethernet physical layer
always contains the combination '01'. OP The Opcode consists of 2 bits. There are two possible opcodes, read '10' or write '01'. PA5 5 bits, PHY address
Management_Data_Input/Output
Open-source CPU instruction set architecture
compensate, RISC-V's 32-bit instructions are actually 30 bits; 3⁄4 of the opcode space is reserved for an optional (but recommended) variable-length compressed
RISC-V
Combined executable file for multiple processor types or operating systems
offset +100h and executed by jumping to the first byte in the file. As the opcodes of the two processor families are not compatible, attempting to start a
Fat_binary
Prefix applied to microcontrollers made by Toshiba
Instructions are divided into one-byte basic and two-byte extended instructions. Opcodes E016 through FE16 are prefixes which begin an extended instruction. The
Toshiba_TLCS
Family of instruction set architectures
encoding space, most registers are expressed in opcodes using three or four bits, the latter via an opcode prefix in 64-bit mode, while at most one operand
X86
of JMP (opcodes E9 and FF /4), CALL (opcodes E8 and FF /2), RET (opcodes C2 and C3), and the short/near forms of the Jcc instructions (opcodes 70..7F and
List of discontinued x86 instructions
List_of_discontinued_x86_instructions
Signetics microprocessor
uses octal. The three most significant bits of the instruction define the opcode, and divide the instructions into eight classes: The MOVE instruction allows
Signetics_8X300
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE
Girl/Female
Muslim
A compassionate kind hearted friend, Tender
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Hobbs.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from either of two places in Lancashire called Balderston(e), deriving their names from the genitive case of the Old English personal name Baldhere (composed of the elements bald ‘bold’, ‘brave’ + here ‘army’) + Old English tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’.Scottish : habitational name from Balderston in West Lothian, which has the same etymology as 1.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Witness
Surname or Lastname
English (Buckinghamshire)
English (Buckinghamshire) : unexplained.
Biblical
gift
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
This was the name of a female slave who suffered much punishment for the sake of Allah but Sayyidina Abu Bakr (R.A) bought her and emancipated her
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Indian
Clouds at night, Name of a companion of the prophet
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Limitless
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE