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See searches and references containing PACHYOSTOSIS!PACHYOSTOSIS
Condition in which bones have an abnormally elevated density
Pachyostosis is a non-pathological condition in vertebrate animals in which the bones experience a thickening, generally caused by extra layers of lamellar
Pachyostosis
Condition in which bones are effected by both Osteosclerosis and Pachyostosis
Pachyosteosclerosis is a combination of thickening (pachyostosis) and densification (osteosclerosis) of bones. It makes bones more heavy, but also more
Pachyosteosclerosis
Condition in which bones are abnormally hardened
together with bone thickening (pachyostosis). This joint occurrence is called pachyosteosclerosis. Axial osteomalacia Pachyostosis Pachyosteosclerosis Heinrich
Osteosclerosis
Genus of anteosaurid synapsid from the Permian
adults, as well as significant pachyostosis during development, which ultimately modified the skull roof of adults; pachyostosis was responsible for thickening
Anteosaurus
Formation of new bone on a bone
with cutaneous conditions Osteoma Osteosclerosis Pachyosteosclerosis Pachyostosis "Exostosis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary Morales, L. C.; Cardona Ortegón
Exostosis
Extinct genus of early cetacean
be inconsistent if caused by some disease or other condition. Due to pachyostosis, the vertebrae are greatly inflated, making them nearly twice as voluminous
Perucetus
Infraorder of mammals
1111/1749-4877.12080. PMID 24148672. Morales, J.; Pickford, M.; Soria, D.; Pachyostosis (1993). "Lorancameryx pachyostoticus Nov. Gen. Nov. Sp. and Its Bearing
Pecora
Extinct genus of reptile from the early Permian of South Africa
thickened ribs, which would have prevented it from twisting its body. The pachyostosis seen in the bones of Mesosaurus may have enabled it to reach neutral
Mesosaurus
Genus of extinct plesiosaur from the upper Jurassic
flattened, boxy cross-section and its gastralia (belly ribs) exhibit pachyostosis (thickening). The total length of Tatenectes has been estimated at 2–3
Tatenectes
Order of reptiles (fossil)
the disadvantage of hampering coming up again. Young plesiosaurs show pachyostosis, an extreme density of the bone tissue, which might have increased relative
Plesiosaur
Extinct genus of reptiles
gastralia (abdominal ribs) and flippers were very robust, an example of pachyostosis which would have made it less buoyant. The hind flippers were considerably
Abyssosaurus
Species of marine mammal
side of their lower jaw. Like other sirenians, the dugong experiences pachyostosis, a condition in which the ribs and other long bones are unusually solid
Dugong
Rigid organs of the skeleton of vertebrates
V, Rage JC, Bardet N (12 September 2008). "An analysis of vertebral 'pachyostosis' in Carentonosaurus mineaui (Mosasauroidea, Squamata) from the Cenomanian
Bone
Extinct genus of snakes
information is drawn from this segment, though all do display characteristic pachyostosis and osteosclerosis. Thickening proximal rib sections and notable emphasis
Pachyophis
Extinct species of deer native to North Africa
thickening (pachyostosis) somewhat similar to that in Megaloceros, unlike Megaloceros, the vomer is largely unaffected. The pachyostosis is among the
Megaceroides_algericus
Group of Mesozoic aquatic reptiles
quadratojugal when the skull is viewed side-on (lateral view), the bones exhibit pachyostosis (high density), a reduced or absent posterior process on the interclavicle
Sauropterygia
Order of aquatic herbivorous mammals
layer groups in a tusk indicates the age of a dugong. Sirenians exhibit pachyostosis, a condition in which the ribs and other long bones are solid and contain
Sirenia
Extinct genus of birds
lost their flight abilities by the end of the Early Cretaceous, minimal pachyostosis in Brodavis suggests the possibility of some volant abilities. In 2015
Brodavis
Extinct species of marine mammal
ISBN 978-0-12-397002-2. OCLC 953575838. The skeleton of sirenians displays both pachyostosis and osteosclerosis... Takahashi, S.; Domning, D. P.; Saito, T. (1986)
Steller's_sea_cow
Extinct genus of therapsids
It can be distinguished by other rubidgeines by its lack of cranial pachyostosis and rugosoties, and by its relatively small orbits. The classification
Smilesaurus
Extinct species of deer
skull and mandible of the Irish elk exhibit substantial thickening (pachyostosis), with the early and complete obliteration of cranial sutures. Based
Irish_elk
Extinct genus of reptiles
Males and females are thought to differ in humeral size and shape. Any pachyostosis of the ribs is absent in Serpianosaurus specimens. It is considered closely
Serpianosaurus
estimation is inflated by assumed isometry, and that the effect from pachyostosis on the estimation of body mass is not negligible as it resulted in underestimation
Largest_prehistoric_animals
Extinct order of large marine reptiles
water, which would be confirmed by their lack of gastroliths and of pachyostosis or dense bone. The tail would have served to keep the body in a descending
Ichthyosauria
Extinct genus of snakes
and a shallow interzygapophyseal constriction. The species exhibits pachyostosis, particularly in the mid-trunk region and the anterior portion of the
Simoliophis
Extinct genus of therapsids
the presence of an angular boss, concave dorsal snout profile, massive pachyostosis of the dorsal surface of the skull, and concave alveolar margin of the
Titanophoneus
Extinct species of reptile
pachyostic ribs and gastralia described as ‘sausage-like’ in profile. Pachyostosis is known from a number of Pliosaurid genera (for example Monquirasaurus)
Pachycostasaurus
Extinct genus of giant deer native to Asia
Sinomegaceros, like those of Megaloceros giganteus, are robust and display pachyostosis (thickening/high density) with the robustness being the most extreme
Sinomegaceros
Extinct genus of therapsids that lived in the Guadalupian epoch
holotype (AMNH 5550) and seven topotypes (AMNH 5551-5557). The degree of pachyostosis varies within the skulls of the specimens, and Broom believed this to
Moschops
al. (2026) provide a methodology for quantification of the degree of pachyostosis in ribs and vertebrae of sirenians on the basis of the study of extant
2026_in_paleomammalogy
Extinct species of camel
any living species of camel. Other defining characteristics include pachyostosis especially marked in the mandible, broad molars with strong styles, and
Camelus_thomasi
Extinct genus of whales
Pyrohiv south of Kyiv. Although Gritsenko took note of the advanced pachyostosis of the material, likening it to what is seen in modern sirenians, he
Pachycetus
Extinct genus of snakes
160th. The ribs from the 45–48th and 105–108th vertebrae show signs of pachyostosis, bony thickening and growth. Along with its sister genus Pachyrhachis
Haasiophis
Genus of extinct mammals
aquatic mammals, the ribs did not exhibit osteosclerosis. They did exhibit pachyostosis, and were made thicker and heavier with additional layers of lamellar
Ambulocetus
Extinct genus of therapsids
1,000 kg (1,500 to 2,200 lb) with a variable snout length, variable pachyostosis with a nasofrontal boss raised into a horn-like shape. Keratocephalus
Keratocephalus
Extinct genus of mammals
more ecologically analogous to hippopotamuses, citing traits such as pachyostosis, short legs, and a barrel-shaped ribcage as supporting evidence. As C4
Uintatherium
Extinct genus of therapsids
approximately 37.6 centimetres (14.8 in) long. Many of the skull bones exhibit pachyostosis (thickening), as is found in other dinocephalians. A prominent feature
Styracocephalus
Extinct subfamily of therapsids
These huge animals were formidable predators. Within Anteosaurinae, pachyostosis is taken to extremes. The dorsal (upper) surface of the nasal, frontal
Anteosaurinae
Extinct genus of therapsids
Stenocybus as a young Sinophoneus, the proportions of the first (absence of pachyostosis, tall and narrow skull, relatively large orbits, and smaller temporal
Sinophoneus
Extinct genus of reptiles
The terminal phalanges are flattened. The bones of Claudiosaurus show pachyostosis, suggested to possibly be an adaptation for aquatic life. Claudiosaurus
Claudiosaurus
lost their flight abilities by the end of the Early Cretaceous, minimal pachyostosis in Brodavis suggests the possibility of some volant abilities. †Canadaga
List of vertebrate fauna of the Campanian stage
List_of_vertebrate_fauna_of_the_Campanian_stage
Extinct family of reptiles
mass which can be caused by osteosclerosis (inner compaction of bone), pachyostosis (hyperplasy of compact cortices) or pachyeosclerosis (combination of
Dyrosauridae
Extinct genus of reptiles
complete aquatic lifestyle, defined by no Osteosclerosis and the lack of Pachyostosis, except for a thicker shaft region in the humerus, that is as narrow
Palaeopleurosaurus
Extinct family of therapsids
in others it has become greatly thickened into a huge mass of bone (pachyostosis). It has been suggested that these animals engaged in intra-specific
Tapinocephalidae
Extinct clade of therapsids
Adults of large anteosaur species can exhibit considerable thickening (pachyostosis) of the bones of the skull roof, though this is relatively incipient
Anteosauria
Extinct genus of lizards
cervical, 29 dorsal, and at least 65 caudal vertebrae. Its bones exhibit pachyostosis, an anatomical feature that thickens the periosteal bone by increasing
Adriosaurus
Extinct genus of therapsids
Syodon, although some minor differences in shape and in the extent of pachyostosis are present. The fangs were laterally compressed and featured a rearward-facing
Australosyodon
Extinct genus of therapsids
these basal therapsids were short, high, and quite broad. The great pachyostosis found in this genus is thought to have caused the drastic widening of
Criocephalosaurus
Subfamily of mammals
the vertebrae and ribs of pachycetines. In the ribs in particular, the pachyostosis occurs around the middle of the bone, with cancellous bone being restricted
Pachycetinae
Village in Anosy, Madagascar
claudiosaurus germaini (reptilia, claudiosauridae) and the problem of pachyostosis in aquatic tetrapods". Historical Biology. 2 (4): 311–322. doi:10
Sakamena
Extinct genus of reptiles
tetrapods to counteract their positive buoyancy caused by their lungs: pachyostosis, osteosclerosis, pachyosteosclerosis, and calcified cartilage of bone
Pistosaurus
Extinct genus of whales
related to modern South Asian river dolphin and is distinguished by pachyostosis in the spinous processes of the postcervical vertebrae. The locations
Pachyacanthus
Adaptations of marine vertebrates to diving
stand on their tail to hold their head above water. Sirenians exhibit pachyostosis, a condition in which the ribs and other long bones are solid and contain
Physiology of underwater diving
Physiology_of_underwater_diving
Extinct genus of therapsids
intermedius known from a single skull, possesses a naso-frontal boss moderate pachyostosis and a fairly short snout. Possibly this is a variant of another species
Struthiocephalus
Extinct genus of lizards
positioned, unfused haemal arches on the vertebrae of the tail. There is no pachyostosis, or bone thickening, in the vertebrae and ribs. The limbs are reduced
Acteosaurus
Extinct genus of reptiles
less than 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length. The ribs of the body display pachyostosis and the vertebrae exhibit thickening, likely as an adaptation to living
Pachystropheus
Extinct genus of reptiles
inwards. The ribs of Armadillosuchus show signs of having undergone pachyostosis, meaning that they are thickened. The limbs were elongated like in other
Armadillosuchus
Extinct order of reptiles
These plates, as well as the ventral gastralia and the tendency for pachyostosis, would have added considerable weight to hupehsuchians, allowing them
Hupehsuchia
Extinct genus of reptiles
doi:10.1038/srep08900. PMC 4354009. PMID 25754468. Houssaye, A. (2009). ""Pachyostosis" in aquatic amniotes: a review". Integrative Zoology. 4 (4): 325–340
Cartorhynchus
Genus of pliosaurid plesiosaur
Noe, L. F. (1996). "A pliosaur (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) exhibiting pachyostosis from the Middle Jurassic of England". Journal of the Geological Society
Peloneustes
Extinct genus of mammals
its medullary area was particularly compact, almost comparable to the pachyostosis of aquatic or semiaquatic mammals, with thick trabeculae and very small
Pyrotherium
Extinct genus of therapsids
(an autapomorphy of Inostrancevia), a narrow skull and the absence of pachyostosis. This may suggest that RS 19 may be another specimen of Inostrancevia
Rubidgea
Extinct genus of therapsids
mentioned series of large bosses and protuberance on the skull roof. Pachyostosis is common both for protecting the brain during sexual displays in the
Pachydectes
French histologist and paleobiologist
Claudiosaurus germaini (Reptilia, Claudiosauridae) and the problem of pachyostosis in aquatic tetrapods. Historical Biology 2 : 311-322. Buffrénil, V. de;
Vivian_de_Buffrénil
Extinct species of pliosaurs
Noe, L. F. (1996). "A pliosaur (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) exhibiting pachyostosis from the Middle Jurassic of England". Journal of the Geological Society
Pliosaurus_andrewsi
Extinct genus of reptiles
its short neck, short manus, well developed haemal spines and slight pachyostosis of the ribs. Haughton (1930) restudied Piveteau's specimens from Madagascar
Tangasaurus
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