AI & ChatGPT searches , social queries for POLYTOMY
Search references for POLYTOMY. Phrases containing POLYTOMY
See searches and references containing POLYTOMY!
Search references for POLYTOMY. Phrases containing POLYTOMY
See searches and references containing POLYTOMY!POLYTOMY
Multifurcated node of a phylogenetic tree
An internal node of a phylogenetic tree is described as a polytomy or multifurcation if (i) it is in a rooted tree and is linked to three or more child
Polytomy
Clade of birds
hard polytomy of nine clades as the base of Neoaves. An analysis by Houde and colleagues in 2019 recovered Columbea and a reduced hard polytomy of six
Neoaves
Order of flying mammals
the position of Emballonuroidea and the relationships between Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae, and Rhinonycteridae, which are represented as polytomies.
Bat
Symbolic serpent with its tail in its mouth
William R.; Mouton, P. Le Fras N. (2011). "Between a rock and a hard polytomy: Rapid radiation in the rupicolous girdled lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae)"
Ouroboros
Clade of all animals except sponges and comb jellies
majority of these phylogenomic studies, conveys this uncertainty with a soft polytomy. "ParaHox" genes are usually referred to in CamelCase and the original
ParaHoxozoa
Class of mollusks
however in one analysis the nautiloids, octopus and teuthids plot as a polytomy. Some molecular phylogenies do not recover the mineralized coleoids (Spirula
Cephalopod
Extinct genus of frogs
yields less resolved results that place Pachycentrata in an unresolved polytomy with extant pipids and several extinct pipimorphs. Paleontology portal
Pachycentrata
Extinct family of rays
this clade, as well as many other ray genera and orders, in an unresolved polytomy. The maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference trees rendered Apolithabatiformes
Asterodermidae
Order of reptiles
2021 study found the genus to be a lepidosaur of uncertain position, in a polytomy with Squamata and Rhynchocephalia. In 2022, the extinct genus Cryptovaranoides
Squamata
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
most trees including Pyroraptor, this caused a polytomy as seen in the cladogram below. This polytomy was also repeated in a phylogeny of Archaeopteryx
Pyroraptor
Genus of somphospondylan sauropod dinosaurs
2024 recovered Jiangxititan as a non-titanosaurian somphospondylan, in a polytomy with several other basal somphospondylans. Removing Jiangxititan as an
Jiangxititan
Infraclass of birds
relationships after Takezaki et al. 2023 and Kück and Suh 2026, showing polytomy at the base of Notopalaeognathae. It is widely accepted that ostriches
Palaeognathae
Species of reptiles
William R.; Mouton, P. Le Fras N. (2011). "Between a rock and a hard polytomy: Rapid radiation in the rupicolous girdled lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae)"
Giant_girdled_lizard
Extinct genus of carnivorous ungulate from Eocene epoch
and colleagues performed a phylogenetic analysis that recovered it in a polytomy with Andrewsarchus and Achaenodon. Erlianhyus is known from a partial maxilla
Erlianhyus
Genus of ankylosaurid dinosaur
phylogenies had little stability with many clades tending to collapse into polytomies. In the study he used the traits of Datai to improve the resolution. For
Datai
Species of amphibian
superspecies): nuclear and mitochondrial genetic characters suggest a hard polytomy, in line with the paleogeography of the centre of origin. Contributions
Italian_crested_newt
Genus of sauropodomorph dinosaurs
Wang et al. (2025). This analysis place Xiangyunloong in an unresolved polytomy with both species of Xingxiulong. A cladogram adapted from their analysis
Xiangyunloong
Extinct order of reptiles
were recovered as members of the advanced neodiapsid group Sauria, in a polytomy with Lepidosauromorpha and Archosauromorpha, with being the earliest diverging
Choristodera
entomophagous, entomophilous, epitome, monatomic, pentatomic, polyatomic, polytomy, Temnospondyli, tmesis, tome, tomogram, tomography, trichotomous, trichotomy
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/T
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/T
Species of theropod dinosaur
resolution than their strict consensus tree, placed it in an unresolved polytomy of derived microraptorines, including Hesperonychus, Microraptor, and Zhongjianosaurus
Jian_changmaensis
Genus of azhdarchoid pterosaurs
phylogenetic analysis of pterosaurs. They recovered Inabtanin in an unresolved polytomy at the base of Azhdarchomorpha alongside fellow African pterosaur Microtuban
Inabtanin
Genus of megaraptoran dinosaurs
Aranciaga Rolando et al. (2022) recovered Maip as a derived megaraptorid in a polytomy with other Argentinian megaraptorids. They also noted the presence of two
Maip
Extinct genus of reptiles
other proterochampsids. A phylogenetic analysis places both species in a polytomy with Gualosuchus as the most advanced members of Proterochampsia. Pseudochampsa
Pseudochampsa
Order of birds
Alexander (2016). "The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves". Zoologica Scripta. 45: 50–62. doi:10.1111/zsc
Falconiformes
Extinct genus of koala
H. Black and colleagues in 2012, where it was placed in an unresolved polytomy with Priscakoala, Koobor, Madakoala, and a clade containing all other phascolarctids
Invictokoala
Placoderm fish from the late Ludlow epoch of the Silurian period
The researchers' cladistic diagram suggests that E. primordialis forms a polytomy with arthrodires, ptyctodonts, and all advanced gnathostomes (namely bony
Entelognathus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
places Piscivoravis in a more derived position than Archaeorhynchus, in a polytomy with Jianchangornis, Patagopteryx, and the clade including all more derived
Piscivoravis
Extinct clade of reptiles
Trilophosaurus and Hyperodapedon, (Archosauromorpha), or in unresolved polytomy with Archosauromorpha and Lepidosauromorpha. The analyses using Dilkes'
Drepanosauromorpha
Subfamily of ants
discovered to be one of the earliest lineages of ants, a clade from the basal polytomy for all ants. In 2014, the subfamily was expanded to two tribes. The tribe
Agroecomyrmecinae
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
polytomy with Niobrarasaurus and a juvenile nodosaurid from the Paw Paw Formation, while Zheng et al. (2018) positioned Ahshislepelta in a polytomy containing
Ahshislepelta
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
it was found to group between Lesothosaurus and Hexinlusaurus and in a polytomy with Agilisaurus as a member of Neornithischia. Both of the latter genera
Sanxiasaurus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
2018, Bernardo González Riga and colleagues found Patagotitan to form a polytomy with Puertasaurus and Notocolossus, with Argentinosaurus being closest
Patagotitan
Extinct species of dinosaur
phylogenetic analysis, Delcourt and Iori (2020) recovered Thanos in a large polytomy with other brachyrostrans within the Abelisauridae. Their resulting cladogram
Thanos_simonattoi
Extinct genus of cynodonts
Pseudotherium might be more basal than the cladogram suggests, possibly forming a polytomy with tritheledontids, tritylodontids and brasilodontids instead. A 2023
Pseudotherium
Extinct family of arthropods
attempt to place them in a phylogenetic analysis recovered them as part of a polytomy with megacheirans, marrellomorphs, crustaceans and artiopodans. Still,
Strabopidae
Genus of proterochampsid archosauriforms
within the proterochampsian clade Proterochampsidae. It further placed in a polytomy with Proterochampsa spp. in a clade also including Sphodrosaurus. This
Retymaijychampsa
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
phylogenetic analysis performed by Arbour and Currie (2015) recovered it within a polytomy with Sauroplites and Taohelong at the base of Nodosauridae. A similar result
Dongyangopelta
Extinct family of dinosaurs
avialans, but as basal members of the clade Paraves remaining in unresolved polytomy with alvarezsaurids and the clade Eumaniraptora (containing avialans and
Scansoriopterygidae
Extinct clade of theropod dinosaurs
Aranciaga-Rolando, Novas & Agnolín continued to find Megaraptora in a polytomy at the base of Tyrannosauroidea, based on the dataset of Apesteguia et
Megaraptora
Extinct genus of theropod dinosaurs
(2020), Gianechini et al. (2021) and Agnolín et al. (2022), and within a polytomy with other abelisaurids such as Xenotarsosaurus, Tarascosaurus, Ilokelesia
Rugops
Extinct genus of reptile
"Malerisaurus-like taxon PEFO") to other malerisaurines are presented as a polytomy—and the results of Sengupta et al. (2024). Relationships in bolded terminal
Puercosuchus
Extinct clade of dinosaurs
phylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velasco et al. (2012) found a large polytomy between all hadrosauroids that are more derived than Probactrosaurus but
Hadrosauroidea
Extinct genus of reptiles
position outside of Archosauria, clading together with Dongusuchus in a polytomy with Euparkeria and a clade made up of Proterochampsia and archosaurs.
Yarasuchus
Extinct family of turtles
paracryptodires when using implied weighting, but the group was placed in a polytomy with Paracryptodira and several other turtle genera when equal weighting
Compsemydidae
Extinct subfamily of dinosaurs
species but failing to resolve many interrelationships resulting in a polytomy between IGM 100/44, Byronosaurus, Xixiasaurus, Sinovenatorinae, Jinfengopteryginae
Jinfengopteryginae
Genus of flowering plants in the rock rose family Cistaceae
well supported clade. Seven species endemic to the Canary Islands form a polytomy, resolved differently in different analyses, in which subtaxa of some species
Cistus
Taxon of birds
1038/nature15697 Suh, A. (2016) The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves, Zool. Scripta 45(S1), 50–62. v t e
Gruae
Genus of stegosaurian dinosaur
Jurassic. In a phylogenetic analysis, the Chubut stegosaurid was recovered in polytomy with Kentrosaurus as basal stegosaurids, further suggesting that they are
Kentrosaurus
Theropod dinosaur genus from the Late Cretaceous period
phylogenetic analysis by Hartman and colleagues (2019), it was found in polytomy with the basal therizinosaur genera Alxasaurus, Enigmosaurus, in addition
Chilantaisaurus
Extinct species of manatee
affinities of this species are still not fully resolved, being recovered in a polytomy with T. inunguis and a clade formed by T. manatus and T. senegalensis:
Trichechus_hesperamazonicus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
polytomy with Abydosaurus and Cedarosaurus. The remaining tree was the same as in D'Emic (2012), although Brachiosaurus was collapsed into a polytomy
Europasaurus
Taxon of birds
346(6215):1320-1331. Suh, A. (2016) The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves, Zool. Scripta 45(S1), 50-62. v t e
Inopinaves
Extinct group of reptiles
pleurosaurs. Although the bayesian analysis placed this clade in a large polytomy with various other rhynchocephalian groups and genera, the parsimony analysis
Sapheosaur
Family of birds
Alexander (2016). "The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves". Zoologica Scripta. 45: 50–62. doi:10.1111/zsc
Columbidae
Extinct family of cynodonts
also recovered the members of the subfamily Trirachodontinae as a basal polytomy within the clade Neogomphodontia: Hendrickx, C.; Gaetano, L. C.; Choiniere
Trirachodontidae
Species of reptile
William R.; Mouton, P. Le Fras N. (2011). "Between a rock and a hard polytomy: Rapid radiation in the rupicolous girdled lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae)"
Armadillo_girdled_lizard
Extinct family of dinosaurs
outside the family, and many taxa within the Metriacanthosauridae were in polytomy. However, the positions of Xuanhanosaurus and Poekilopleuron were very
Metriacanthosauridae
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
this time period. The position of the root is still debated, hence the polytomy. Excavate groups are marked *. The presence of modern eukaryotes in the
Protist
Genus of reptiles (fossil)
elasmosaurids. Following their cladistic analysis, Lagenanectes was in a polytomy with the "Speeton Clay plesiosaur" (a yet undescribed plesiosaur from the
Lagenanectes
Genus of theropod dinosaurs
along with four other proposed compsognathids in a polytomy within basal Coelurosauria. This polytomy notably did not include Compsognathus proper, which
Mirischia
Extinct species of camel
camel (Camelus bactrianus) than to the dromedary, it forms an effective polytomy with the two living Bactrian camel species likely due to interbreeding
Camelus_knoblochi
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
recovered Asiatyrannus from the Nanxiong Formation of South China to be in a polytomy with the North American Nanuqsaurus. These results are displayed in the
Nanuqsaurus
Extinct genus of reptiles
crown group, but most analyses cannot resolve further than a three-branch polytomy. One analysis, a Bayesian run combining both morphological and molecular
Taytalura
Genus of fishes
more basal of the four species with the other three species creating a polytomy. Oligocottus prefixes oligos, meaning "small", with Cottus, the type species
Oligocottus
Genus of early vertebrates
the total group vertebrata. More specifically, it was found to form a polytomy with the other Laurentian stem-vertebrates, Metaspriggina and Emmonsaspis
Nuucichthys
Phylum of marine worms
Summary of relationships of gnathiferans in recent studies including Chaetognatha within the clade, with disputed relationships represented as polytomies
Chaetognatha
Division of cartilaginous fishes
basalmost batomorphs, followed by the Rhinopristiformes, this analysis finds a polytomy between skates, electric rays, and thornbacks at the base of Batomorphi
Batomorphi
Carcharodontosaurian dinosaur genus from the Early Cretaceous period
early-diverging member of the Carcharodontosauridae, in an unresolved polytomy with Eocarcharia, Lajasvenator, and Lusovenator. The results of their phylogenetic
Concavenator
Extinct genus of arthropod
phylogenetic analysis including Cucumericrus, either resolving it in a polytomy between euarthropods and other radiodonts (alongside Caryosyntrips) or
Cucumericrus
Extinct clade of dinosaurs
than ischium. Titanosauridae was less strongly defined because of the polytomy between Malawisaurus and Epachthosaurus, so some diagnostic features couldn't
Titanosauria
Family of large azhdarchoid pterosaurs
nothropi being sister to Thanatosdrakon while Q. lawsoni claded in a polytomy with the 'Tous pterosaur' and other unnamed specimens that was recovered
Azhdarchidae
Genus of extinct giraffid mammals
al. (2024) recovered Bramiscus as one of the basalmost giraffids, in a polytomy with Georgiomeryx. Their results are displayed in the cladogram below:
Bramiscus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Gobisaurus and Shamosaurus within the polytomy. Park et al. (2019) also placed Aletopelta within a polytomy but with the inclusion of Jinyunpelta, Nodosaurus
Aletopelta
Extinct genus of turtles
being placed either alongside the derived Australasian forms or in a basal polytomy with Niolamia. The two phylogenetic trees below, after Gaffney, Archer
Niolamia
Clade of reptiles
of Scotland, has been placed closer to dinosaurs than Marasuchus, in a polytomy with Silesauridae and Dinosauria, as a sister taxon to Marasuchus, or within
Dinosauromorpha
Extinct genus of therapsids
Bullacephalus, Mobaceras, Burnetia, and Niuksenitia all of which are in a polytomy and are part of the clade Burnetiinae which diverged from Proburnetiinae
Pachydectes
Extinct genus of fishes
majority rule cladogram, both species are placed just outside the family in polytomy with Percopsidae and Mcconichthys, Murray et al treating them as either
Libotonius
Genus of ornithopod dinosaurs
via phylogenetic analyses, as these results recovered a large unresolved polytomy of styracosternans. Calvarius is known from the Talarn Formation, which
Calvarius
Subspecies of plant
of this subspecies, placing it as unresolved but emerging from a large polytomy at the base of the generic tree. Others members of the species Dudleya
Dudleya_cymosa_subsp._pumila
Extinct genus of reptiles
Brachauchenius eulerti. This time, the study recovered FHSM VP-321 from a polytomy clade shared by Brachauchenius and a pliosaur specimen cataloged as DORK/G/1-2
Megacephalosaurus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
(subsequently named Dzharacursor). The analysis recovered Rativates in a polytomy of derived ornithomimids, consistent with a single radiation of ornithomimids
Rativates
Extinct genus of reptiles
phylogenetic analysis resulted in a strict consensus tree with Asperoris in a polytomy or unresolved phylogenetic relationship with Erythrosuchus africanus, an
Asperoris
entomophagous, entomophilous, epitome, monatomic, pentatomic, polyatomic, polytomy, Temnospondyli, tmesis, tome, tomogram, tomography, trichotomous, trichotomy
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/P–Z
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/P–Z
Extinct mammal genus
consensus tree, the latter of which presented a large, poorly-resolved polytomy. Sera, Takuma; Kusuhashi, Nao; Komatsu, Toshifumi; Miyake, Yuka; Yamashita
Koshikibaatar
Extinct genus of reptiles
derived member of its family, with the strict consensus tree placing it in a polytomy consisting of itself, Caririsuchus, Itasuchus and Roxochampsa. Other than
Amargasuchus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
analysis of Xu et al. (2009) recovered it as a dilophosaurid in unresolved polytomy with Dilophosaurus wetherilli, "Dilophosaurus" sinensis, Dracovenator and
Berberosaurus
Extinct genus of ornithomimid dinosaurs
phylogenetic analysis, Serrano-Brañas et al. (2025) recovered Mexidracon in a polytomy with several other genera within the ornithomimosaur family Ornithomimidae
Mexidracon
Possibly extinct bovine of Southeast Asia
the kouprey represents a distinct species unrelated to zebu, forming a polytomy with the banteng and gaur due to incomplete lineage sorting, suggesting
Kouprey
Extinct dinosaur genus
Abdarainurus resolved as a non-titanosaur member of Somphospondyli, in a large polytomy with a variety of taxa. The more labile characters treated as slightly
Abdarainurus
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
and Evans (2019). Their phylogenetic analyses recovered an unresolved polytomy of most leptoceratopsids and some other similar dinosaurs at the base of
Gremlin_slobodorum
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
along with three other proposed compsognathids in a polytomy within basal Coelurosauria. This polytomy notably did not include Composognathus proper, which
Sinosauropteryx
Extinct genus of synapsids
the three species of Cotylorhynchus and Alierasaurus form an unresolved polytomy. In the second cladogram, A. romeri is the sister taxon of a clade containing
Angelosaurus
Genus of fossil pseudosuchian
(2024). Using implied weighting, Shakajlura was recovered in an unresolved polytomy of early-diverging members of the pseudosuchian clade Paracrocodylomorpha
Shakajlura
Genus of abelisaurid theropod
Patagonia. Koleken is placed in the Carnotaurini tribe of Abelisauridae, in a polytomy with the other carnotaurins in a phylogenetic analysis: Koleken was found
Koleken
Extinct superfamily of dinosaurs
valid family of non tyrannosaurid eutyrannosaur. It currently sits in a polytomy with the Iren Dabasu taxon and more basal eutryannosaurs. The tyrannosauroids
Tyrannosauroidea
Genus of reptile
yielded from the analysis was only poorly resolved and features multiple polytomies, yet also displays some much clearer separations. Specifically, members
Colossosuchus
Extinct family of bird-like dinosaurs
failed to resolve many of their interrelationships, resulting in large "polytomies" (sets of species where the branching order in the family tree is uncertain)
Troodontidae
Extinct squamates of the Cretaceous period
large-scale phylogenetic study by Conrad (2008) recovered the Mosasauria in a polytomy, or a clade with unresolved relationships, with monitor lizards and beaded
Mosasauria
Genus of ankylosaurian dinosaurs
the Ankylosauridae or Nodosauridae. This clade comprises an unresolved polytomy featuring—in addition to Spicomellus—Ahshislepelta, Chuanqilong, Gobisaurus
Spicomellus
Extinct genus of carnivorous ungulate from Eocene epoch
most closely related to Achaenodon and Erlianhyus, with which it formed a polytomy. A cladogram based on their phylogeny is reproduced below: When first describing
Andrewsarchus
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Light of God
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Hadassah, HADASSA means "myrtle tree."Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Renowned, Bright as the dawn
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Grateful
Girl/Female
French
Name of a town and castle in Flanders. Also a rhyming.
Boy/Male
Australian, Celtic, French, German, Greek, Polish, Slavic
Given; Gift of God
Female
English
English Shakespeare creation, derived from Greek Nereis, NERISSA means "nymph, sea sprite."Â
Boy/Male
Tamil
Rudranshu | à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®°à®¨à¯à®·à¯à®‚
Female
German
Variant spelling of German Irmalinda, ERMELINDA means "wholly gentle."
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
POLYTOMY
n.
A division into many members.