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Decision-making framework
Quaker business method or Quaker decision-making is a form of group decision-making and discernment, as well as of direct democracy, used by Quakers,
Quaker_business_method
System of governance using consent-based decision-making
operational, Boeke used consensus decision-making based on the Quaker business method, which he described as one of the first sociocratic organizations
Sociocracy
Marriage ceremony of the Religious Society of Friends
Quaker weddings are conducted in a similar fashion to regular Quaker meetings for worship, primarily in silence and without an officiant, as Quakers do
Quaker_wedding
American multinational food and beverage corporation
Pepsi-Cola, Quaker Foods, and Frito-Lay beverage and food product lines (including Pepsi and Doritos), this segment of PepsiCo's business markets regional
PepsiCo
Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends
The Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Britain, also known as Britain Yearly Meeting (and, until 1995, London Yearly Meeting)
Britain_Yearly_Meeting
Founder of the Quaker Oats Company
philanthropist. In 1881, Crowell purchased the Quaker Mill Company, and subsequently the brand name Quaker, and launched the first breakfast cereal advertising
Henry_Parsons_Crowell
English ironmaster and Quaker (1677–1717)
foundryman. Born into an English Quaker family that played an important role in the Industrial Revolution, Darby developed a method of producing pig iron in a
Abraham_Darby_I
British businessman, academic and social activist
and the Industrial Reorganisation Corporation. His strong beliefs as a Quaker saw him elected to the chair of the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust as
Grigor_McClelland
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
by Quakers. A difference from Quaker meetings is the absence of a facilitator in the presence of disagreement, a role played by the clerk in Quaker meetings
Wikipedia
British businessman
George Cadbury (19 September 1839 – 24 October 1922) was an English Quaker businessman and social reformer who expanded his father's Cadbury's cocoa and
George_Cadbury
Church manual
of the Religious Society of Friends, setting out what it means to be a Quaker in that Yearly Meeting. The common name for this book varies from one Yearly
Book_of_Discipline_(Quaker)
English mental health reformer (1732–1822)
philanthropist and Quaker, earned fame for promoting more humane custody and care for people with mental disorders, using what he called gentler methods that came
William_Tuke
Japanese organizing consultant, author, and television show host
Chūō Ward Hisamatsu Elementary School. Afterwards, she attended private Quaker school Friends Girls Junior & Senior High School in Mita, Minato, Tokyo
Marie_Kondo
new MBA program, Harvard pioneered the case study method of teaching which is still used by business schools today. In 1955, five Ivy League schools—Columbia
List of Ivy League business schools
List_of_Ivy_League_business_schools
20th-century medical photos at Ivy League schools
colleges. Participation was generally compulsory for the students. The exact methods varied from school to school, but in general, photograph stations were
Ivy League nude posture photos
Ivy_League_nude_posture_photos
Meeting house of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)
meeting house is a meeting house of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), where meeting for worship is usually held. Typically, Friends meeting
Friends_meeting_house
English chocolate and confectionery manufacturer (1767–1835)
patented a method of grinding cocoa beans using a Watt steam engine resulting in factory techniques being introduced into the cocoa business, building
Joseph_Storrs_Fry
Dutch businessman (1933–2025)
Endenburg was born in Rotterdam on 14 April 1933. He was a Quaker, and attended a Quaker boarding school, the Werkplaats Kindergemeenschap [nl] [Children's
Gerard_Endenburg
Group decision-making aiming for universal agreement
Friends (Quakers) against the Vietnam War, Lawrence Scott started A Quaker Action Group (AQAG) in 1966 to try and encourage activism within the Quakers. By
Consensus_decision-making
American abolitionist and inventor (1786–1868)
patent on a method of making riveted leather hose and dismissed an infringement claim filed by Pennock and his co-inventor and business partner James
Abraham_L._Pennock
Types of puffed grain made from rice
"The Rise and Fall of the Quaker Rice Cake, America's One-Time Favorite Health Snack". Eater. Retrieved 27 May 2023. "Quaker Buys Chico-San from Heinz
Puffed_rice
English missionary (1771–1840)
Daniel Wheeler (27 November 1771 – 12 June 1840) was a prominent English Quaker, minister, teacher and missionary in Russia and in the South Pacific. As
Daniel_Wheeler
Processed food made from grain
the Quaker Oats brand name. By 1900, technology, entrepreneurship, and the "Man in Quaker Garb"—a symbol of plain honesty and reliability—gave Quaker Oats
Breakfast_cereal
American multinational food company
was later criticized for not diversifying further like General Mills and Quaker Oats were. After underspending its competition in marketing and product
Kellogg's
American economist and Nobel laureate (born 1942)
Granger, "for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)". Engle was born in Syracuse, New York into a Quaker family and
Robert_F._Engle
Hospital in York, England
of asylum. His family enjoyed the tea and coffee merchant business. He appealed to Quakers, personal acquaintances and physicians for funds. He spent
The_Retreat
Non-violent political tactic employed by dissidents
civil rights activist, who later wrote a pamphlet, Speak Truth to Power: a Quaker Search for an Alternative to Violence, published by the American Friends
Speaking_truth_to_power
American industrialist (1826–1909)
child of ten to William and Deborah Fisher Wharton. He was raised in the Quaker religion. Wharton's youth was spent in the family's house near Spruce and
Joseph_Wharton
American businessman (born 1948)
the acquisitions of several other food and beverage companies including Quaker Oats, Naked Juice, Izze and Stacy's Chips. Reinemund is a former captain
Steven_Reinemund
American Quaker abolitionist (1789–1839)
Benjamin Lundy (January 4, 1789 – August 22, 1839) was an American Quaker abolitionist from New Jersey of the United States who established several anti-slavery
Benjamin_Lundy
Major bank based in Pittsburgh
its policy in February 2015, PNC was the subject of protests by the Earth Quaker Action Team, led by George Lakey, and the Rainforest Action Network due
PNC_Financial_Services
First women's rights convention (1848)
Philadelphia-based Lucretia Mott. Mott, a Quaker, was famous for her oratorical ability, which was rare for non-Quaker women during an era in which women were
Seneca_Falls_Convention
Quaker organization based in Europe
organisation's concerns, and practise the business method of the Religious Society of Friends. The meetings tend to be held at Quaker House in Brussels or at Friends
European and Middle Eastern Young Friends
European_and_Middle_Eastern_Young_Friends
American geographer (1874–1966)
needed] Smith was born in the Piedmont region of Virginia and raised in a Quaker household that focused on farming. He attended the Wharton School for his
J._Russell_Smith
as a linendraper. Successful in business, he moved to London, where he joined the Society of Friends, became a Quaker speaker, and ran a large boarding-school
John_Whitehead_(physician)
British colony in North America (1681–1776)
"Holy experiment" with the guidance of the Christian Society of Friends (Quakers). Pennsylvania's colonial history begun with several small settlements
Province_of_Pennsylvania
yearly meeting of the Quakers in London. This may in part be due to Stacey's method of speaking. Stephen Grellet, the French Quaker reported that Stacey
George_Stacey_(abolitionist)
American investor and business magnate (1929–2019)
History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved June 9, 2021. "My Favorite Non-Quaker Quaker, Remembering John C. Bogle". Friends Journal. January 23, 2019. Retrieved
John_C._Bogle
British-American economist (1910–1993)
those days Boulding was actively involved in the Quaker community, writing a pamphlet on nonviolent methods in 1936 and drafting a letter for the Friends
Kenneth_E._Boulding
Electors of the U.S. president and vice president
ISBN 978-0-7432-8947-4. Jeansonne, Glen (2012). The Life of Herbert Hoover: Fighting Quaker, 1928-1933. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 44–45. ISBN 978-1-137-34673-5
United States Electoral College
United_States_Electoral_College
Simkin devoted the remainder of his career to arbitration. A lifelong Quaker, Simkin was a patient man who spoke with a deep and soft voice, and was
William_E._Simkin
Village in New York, United States
of Delanson, its history dates back only to 1893. The sister hamlet of Quaker Street, situated approximately one-half mile to the south of Delanson and
Delanson,_New_York
British chocolate brand and manufacturer
after the 2010 takeover of Cadbury's by Kraft Foods Inc. Joseph Fry, a Quaker, was born in 1728. He started making chocolate around 1759. In 1761, Fry
J._S._Fry_&_Sons
Cereal grass and grain
doi:10.1177/2050640614559263. PMC 4406897. PMID 25922672. "Quaker Oats History". Quaker Oats Company. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved
Oat
American writer (1884–1980)
Imogen Stout was born June 14, 1884, in Girard, Kansas, the fifth child of Quaker parents John Wallace Stout and Lucetta Elizabeth Todhunter Stout. Her younger
Ruth_Stout
Suicide by setting oneself on fire
October 2024. King, Sallie B. (2000). "They Who Burned Themselves for Peace: Quaker and Buddhist Self-Immolators during the Vietnam War", Buddhist-Christian
Self-immolation
success, and invented many new managerial methods that became standard practice in railroading and modern business. The B&O became the first company to operate
American_business_history
1971 film by Mel Stuart
viable. The rights defaulted back to the Quaker Oats Company, which was no longer involved in the film business, and therefore sold them to Warner Bros
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Willy_Wonka_&_the_Chocolate_Factory
US charter/scheduled airline hybrid (1944–1978)
control. In 1961, Skycoach tried yet again by reviving two moribund carriers, Quaker City Airways and Paul Mantz Air Services (which earlier flew for North Star)
Supplemental_air_carrier
American actor, filmmaker and singer (born 1988)
brother of actors Joey Lawrence and Matthew Lawrence. He started in show business at age three and made his professional acting debut in the television series
Andrew_Lawrence_(actor)
English social reformer (1780–1845)
Fry, was an English prison reformer, social reformer, philanthropist and Quaker. Fry was a major driving force behind new legislation to improve the treatment
Elizabeth_Fry
Quaker businessman and a mentor (1761–1831)
Robert Dunkin (1761–1831), of Penzance, Cornwall, was a Quaker businessman and a mentor of the young Humphry Davy, a founder of the science of electrochemistry
Robert_Dunkin
American food company
Garza Food Ventures LLC, doing business as Siete Foods, is an American company founded in 2014 by Veronica Garza that makes nontraditional versions of
Siete_Foods
Political movement
Kaepernick, American activist and football player Fay Honey Knopp, American Quaker minister Kate Nevens, Member of the Scottish Parliament Howard Zinn, American
Prison_abolition
English ironmonger and politician (1657 - 1713)
House of Commons in 1713. Crowley was the son of Ambrose Crowley II, a Quaker blacksmith in Stourbridge, and Mary Hall and rose Dick Whittington-style
Ambrose_Crowley
U.S. state
2023. "The Quaker Province 1681–1776" (PDF). Department of General Services. Archived from the original on March 25, 2009. "The Quaker Province 1681–1776"
Pennsylvania
Business school of the University of Pennsylvania
doi:10.1016/j.emj.2014.03.006. Yates, Willard Ross (1987). Joseph Wharton: Quaker industrial ... – Google Books. Lehigh University Press. ISBN 9780934223003
Wharton_School
Government system where political power lies with the people
the Crown and Parliament. The Puritans (Pilgrim Fathers), Baptists, and Quakers who founded these colonies applied the democratic organisation of their
Democracy
American marketing theorist (1898–1965)
He was also an active member of the Religious Society of Friends, the Quakers. Alderson studied at George Washington University, the Massachusetts Institute
Wroe_Alderson
three traditional “peace churches”: the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), the Mennonites, and the Church of the Brethren. Because the three churches
International Voluntary Services
International_Voluntary_Services
Day of the week
calendars (including Christian calendars) Sunday is the first day of the week; Quaker Christians call Sunday the "first day" in accordance with their testimony
Sunday
Ethnic cleansing of Palestinians
beat the people with rifle butts'. 128 Contemporary United Nations and Quakers documents support this description. The UN Mediator, Ralph Bunche, quoting
Nakba
Brand of parboiled rice and related foods
brand's identity, including the logo. The move followed just hours after Quaker/PepsiCo changed the name and logo of its Aunt Jemima brand amid accusations
Ben's_Original
American politician and religious leader
mills. Woolley was born in West Chester, Pennsylvania, and raised in a Quaker family. He joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in the
Edwin_D._Woolley
English railway financier (1800–1871)
however worth noting that at the meeting where this line was first mooted the Quaker Joseph Rowntree sounded a note of caution about the company accounts which
George_Hudson
United States airline (1927–1991)
Jet Corporation, which held marketing rights to the Dassault Falcon 20 business jet in North America. The airline was involved in creating a missile-tracking
Pan_Am
American financier (1834–1916)
and commerce reports for her grandfather and picked up some of his business methods. At the age of 10, she entered Eliza Wing's boarding school in Sandwich
Hetty_Green
British multinational oil and gas company
the main Shell brand, the company also owns the Jiffy Lube, Pennzoil and Quaker State brands. Shell is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index and had a market
Shell_plc
Use of the nude human form to further political or social change
of a nude protest. The practice was first documented in the 1650s with Quakers "naked as a sign" practice. Later the tactic was used by svobodniki in
Nudity_and_protest
English scientist, surgeon and antiseptic pioneer (1827–1912)
private Quaker school in Hitchin, Hertfordshire. When Lister was thirteen, he attended Grove House School in Tottenham, also a private Quaker School to
Joseph_Lister
American podcast
Simulation" Legacy and murder of Haing S. Ngor Henderson Luelling and his “doomed Quaker sex cult" May 28, 2026 (2026-05-28) Rewind "Rewind with Karen & Georgia
List of My Favorite Murder episodes
List_of_My_Favorite_Murder_episodes
Most populous city in Pennsylvania, US
contemporary influence in business and technology, sports, and music. Philadelphia was founded in 1682 by William Penn, an English Quaker and advocate of religious
Philadelphia
English philanthropist (1797–1871)
churches are a monument to his philanthropy. Brown was born into a prominent Quaker family. He was the fourth of 12 children of William Brown and Elizabeth
Potto_Brown
2006 American sports comedy film
Naughton. During his victory lap and postrace interview following the 2021 Quaker State 400, driver Kurt Busch exclaimed "Shake and Bake!" in reference to
Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby
Talladega_Nights:_The_Ballad_of_Ricky_Bobby
in Warmley, South Gloucestershire, England. Established in 1746 by the Quaker industrialist William Champion, it was once the largest and most technologically
William Champion (metallurgist)
William_Champion_(metallurgist)
Philosophy opposing modern technology
assembly was the "Second Neo-Luddite Congress", held 13–15 April 1996, at a Quaker meeting hall in Barnesville, Ohio. On 24 February 2001, the "Teach-In on
Neo-Luddism
Breakfast cereal made from whole wheat
was sold to the Quaker Oats Company in 1927. The cereal is still marketed in Canada as Muffets, but in the U.S. is now sold as Quaker Shredded Wheat.
Shredded_wheat
American snack food brand
molasses of this early version was too sticky. In 1896, Louis discovered a method to separate the kernels of molasses-coated popcorn during the manufacturing
Cracker_Jack
American actor (1932–1992)
Broadway for the upcoming film Friendly Persuasion, which focused on a Quaker family during the American Civil War. Millar attended a performance of Tea
Anthony_Perkins
American photographer and photojournalist (1899–1968)
magazine. In 1957, after developing diabetes, he moved in with Wilma Wilcox, a Quaker social worker whom he had known since the 1940s, and who cared for him and
Weegee
American tattoo artist (1911–1973)
partnered with Steven Grasse from the Philadelphia-based creative agency, Quaker City Mercantile, to establish Sailor Jerry Ltd. The limited company, which
Sailor_Jerry
Crisps, Kingsmill bread, British Sugar, Cemex cement, Marshalls paving and Quaker Oats, which have all used the label. One of the biggest supporters of carbon
Carbon_emission_label
Pre-packaged frozen prepared food
introduced by Quaker State Foods under the One-Eyed Eskimo label, and by 1954 the company sold 2 million such dinners annually. Quaker State Foods was
Frozen_meal
British crystallographer and activist (1903–1971)
Kathleen (1952) Quakers visit Russia, Edited by Kathleen Lonsdale : an account of a visit to the Soviet Union in July 1951 by seven British Quakers, 145 pages
Kathleen_Lonsdale
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
was started by Herod the Great in the 18th year of his reign. A further method uses the date of the death of John the Baptist and the marriage of Herod
Jesus
Boycott of goods produced by slave labor
non-violent method of combating slavery. In the 1780s, the movement spread beyond Quaker circles. British abolitionists, most of them also Quakers and some
Free-produce_movement
British shoe manufacturer and retailer
rigour and questionable planning brought the business to the brink of bankruptcy in 1863. The local Quaker community stepped in and part of the bailout
Clarks_(shoe_retailer)
Christian process of achieving spiritual perfection
situates Christian perfection as a goal for all Christians. Traditional Quakerism uses the term perfection and teaches that it is the calling of a believer
Christian_perfection
London tallow chandler, oil merchant, spermaceti processor and philanthropist
fellow Quaker, neighbour and friend at Newington Butts. Lancaster developed a system of cheap mass education for the poor known as the Lancastrian Method, in
Thomas_Sturge_the_elder
or New York Yearly Meeting or NYYM, is the central organizing body for Quaker meetings and worship groups in New York State, northern and central New
New_York_Yearly_Meeting
British television period mystery series
and village hall at Cornwell (Kembleford police station in series 5) The Quaker Meeting House in Broad Campden featured as Kembleford Parish Hall Guiting
Father_Brown_(2013_TV_series)
Private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
traditional lecture method, because of its efficiency and the lower workloads it placed on faculty and students. Advocates of the case method had a sounder
Harvard_University
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
Holy Spirit upon the Church, respectively. A few denominations such as Quaker Christians make no use of a liturgical calendar. Most Christian denominations
Christianity
American economist and Nobel Laureate (born 1944)
Carhart, who was from a "multigenerational southern New Jersey Methodist/Quaker family." He grew up in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York. Merton earned a B.S
Robert_C._Merton
Any investment strategy combining both financial performance and social/ethical impact
investing (SRI) may date back to the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). In 1758, the Quaker Philadelphia Yearly Meeting prohibited members from participating
Socially responsible investing
Socially_responsible_investing
Era of US history from the 1870s to the late 1890s
cities, which increasingly fell under control of political machines. In business, powerful nationwide trusts formed in many major industries, stifling competition
Gilded_Age
State of being simple
for personal simplicity. Members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) practice the Testimony of Simplicity, which involves simplifying one's
Simplicity
British astrophysicist (1882–1944)
the son of Quaker parents, Arthur Henry Eddington, headmaster of the Quaker School, and Sarah Ann Shout. His father taught at a Quaker training college
Arthur_Eddington
1814 British attack on the United States
County, Maryland; Madison spent the night in the house of Caleb Bentley, a Quaker who lived and worked in Brookeville. Bentley's house, known today as the
Burning_of_Washington
Works in Oxford University Press series
April 2016 (2nd ed.) 11 August 2025 (3rd ed.) Human Geography 177 The Quakers Pink Dandelion 28 February 2008 Religion 178 German literature Nicholas
List of Very Short Introductions books
List_of_Very_Short_Introductions_books
QUAKER BUSINESS-METHOD
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