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Violation of codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in scientific research
Scientific misconduct is the violation of ethical and professional standards in research, including fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and other
Scientific_misconduct
Scientific misconduct is a serious form of violation of the standard codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in the publication of professional
List of scientific misconduct incidents
List_of_scientific_misconduct_incidents
Italian physician (born 1958)
his sentence in Spain in September 2024. Sweden's Expert Group on Scientific Misconduct found evidence of research fraud by Macchiarini and his co-authors
Paolo_Macchiarini
Allegations of scientific misconduct against several Japanese universities
2010s, a series of separate allegations of scientific misconducts were raised involving several scientific papers from various Japanese universities.
Japanese scientific misconduct allegations
Japanese_scientific_misconduct_allegations
Medical university in Stockholm, Sweden
than conducting a full, impartial and appropriate review. This scientific misconduct scandal occurred in 2014, and involved one of the institute's star
Karolinska_Institute
Plagiarism scandal leading to the resignation of Hungary's president
The Pál Schmitt academic misconduct scandal refers to allegations of plagiarism concerning the 1992 doctoral thesis and the circumstances of the doctoral
Pál Schmitt academic misconduct controversy
Pál_Schmitt_academic_misconduct_controversy
Systematic endeavour to gain knowledge
improve the quality of all scientific research, scientific integrity while reducing waste. The term scientific misconduct refers to situations such as
Science
Concept in research ethics
self-regulation processes implemented by scientific communities and institutions. Formalized definitions of scientific misconduct, and codes of conduct, became the
Scientific_integrity
American scientist
human obesity and aging. In 2000, Poehlman was investigated for scientific misconduct; the case continued for several years and in 2005, he admitted to
Eric_Poehlman
double-blind protocols). There have also been cases of deliberate scientific misconduct. N-rays (1903) A reported faint visual effect that experimenters
List of experimental errors and frauds in physics
List_of_experimental_errors_and_frauds_in_physics
Italian–American professor of medicine
have attracted public attention because of multiple allegations of scientific misconduct. Croce graduated in 1969 summa cum laude in medicine from La Sapienza
Carlo_M._Croce
Mexican pharmaceutical company
led to the Food and Drug Administration's uncovering of extensive scientific misconduct by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories in 1976. An investigation by
Syntex
Controversial study by Mark Regnerus
paper was published, gay blogger Scott Rose accused Regnerus of scientific misconduct for two reasons: deviating from ethical standards and possible falsification
New_Family_Structures_Study
Israeli-Canadian pharmacologist and folk musician
New York: McGraw-Hill Medical, 2007. (ISBN 0071448276) List of scientific misconduct incidents "SickKids shuts down Motherisk drug-testing program".
Gideon_Koren
Sri Lankan condensed matter physicist
pressure. Both papers were later retracted after accusations of scientific misconduct, including data fabrication and manipulation. Dias denied those
Ranga_P._Dias
American psychologist
reported that Matson had 24 of his research papers retracted due to scientific misconduct. Matson was born on June 23, 1951, in Watseka, Illinois. He received
Johnny_Matson
American medical researcher and journalist
of scientific integrity by tracking research misconduct and promoting institutional reforms. His opinions and statistics on scientific misconduct have
Ivan_Oransky
Italian immunologist
Borstel was downsized in 2010 after several investigations into scientific misconduct at her lab. Thirteen papers that she authored were retracted as
Silvia_Bulfone-Paus
Literary genre
and affiliations of all authors are given. In the wake of some scientific misconduct cases, publishers often require that all co-authors know and agree
Scientific_literature
American organic chemist (1934–2019)
OF SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT", NIH Guide, vol. 22, no. 23, DHHS, retrieved October 3, 2016 Zurer P (March 9, 1998). "NSF, Paquette Settle Misconduct Case"
Leo_Paquette
Ethical practice in scientific research
the study of applied ethics. Its scope ranges from general scientific integrity and misconduct to the treatment of human and animal subjects. The social
Research_ethics
Scientific misconduct scandal
contained details of 24 allegations of misconduct on Schön's part. They found evidence of scientific misconduct in at least 16 of them, while the remaining
Schön_scandal
Pseudoscientific justification for racism
position, was fired from Cleveland State University because of this scientific misconduct. Bias Biological determinism Environmental determinism Freak show
Scientific_racism
Public medical school in Columbus, Ohio, US
pharmacognosy, is under investigation for at least 21 incidents of scientific misconduct. Annually, OSUCOM earns recognition for having some of the best
Ohio State University College of Medicine
Ohio_State_University_College_of_Medicine
2025 non-fiction book
non-fiction book by investigative journalist Charles Piller about scientific misconduct in Alzheimer's disease research. Doctored explores alleged image
Doctored
Danish physician and former neuroscientist
In 2012, the Danish Committees on Scientific Dishonesty concluded that she had been guilty of scientific misconduct. As of 2020 Penkowa has had nine of
Milena_Penkowa
The MIT Open Agriculture Initiative (OpenAg) was founded in 2015 by Caleb Harper as an initiative of the MIT Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of
Open_Agriculture_Initiative
South Korean scientific misconduct scandal
The Hwang affair, or Hwang scandal, or Hwanggate, is a case of scientific misconduct and ethical issues surrounding a South Korean biologist, Hwang Woo-suk
Hwang_affair
Pseudoscientific Soviet biological theory
numerous scientists were executed in the Soviet campaign to suppress scientific opponents. The president of the Soviet Agriculture Academy, Nikolai Vavilov
Lysenkoism
Italian-American behavioral scientist
Del Rey Street Books. 2018. ISBN 9780062694638. OCLC 1031929377. Scientific misconduct Academic dishonesty Data manipulation Carapezza, Kirk (25 May 2025)
Francesca_Gino
Divide and conquer process
different subject sample". Salami slicing is considered a type of scientific misconduct. In the 2016 film Arrival, Agent Halpern mentions a Hungarian word
Salami_slicing_tactics
German-American molecular biologist (1936–2026)
Investigated for Misconduct After Complaint". Science. Cartwright, Jon (May 4, 2010). "AIDS contrarian ignored warnings of scientific misconduct". Nature. doi:10
Peter_Duesberg
Withdrawing an academic paper as incorrect
majority of retractions in biomedical and life sciences are linked to scientific misconduct, they are often cited as evidence of the self-correcting nature
Retraction in academic publishing
Retraction_in_academic_publishing
American bioethicist (born 1962)
Health Sciences (NIEHS). He is known for his work on the nature of scientific misconduct. Resnik earned his B.A. in philosophy from Davidson College, his
David_Resnik
rise of plagiarism and research misconduct in India. India does not have a statutory body to deal with scientific misconduct in academia, like the Office
Scientific plagiarism in India
Scientific_plagiarism_in_India
German zoologist
postdocs and scientific collaborators published a letter of support in Nature with the title: "Meyer: disagreements but no misconduct". They claimed
Axel_Meyer
Branch of philosophy
theorising as well as meta-studies of scientific practice. Ethical issues such as bioethics and scientific misconduct are often considered ethics or science
Philosophy_of_science
Research integrity risk metric
institution-level percentile ranking framework. Retraction Watch Scientific misconduct Citation Impact Predatory publishing Retraction in academic publishing
Research_Integrity_Risk_Index
Form of misconduct
the academic degree as a recognition of effort and achievement. Scientific misconduct "Doing a PhD in Germany". German Academic Exchange Service, Federal
Scientific plagiarism in Germany
Scientific_plagiarism_in_Germany
Egyptian-born American professor of surgery
about scientific misconduct followed, with the Chandra case being mentioned in more than 90 articles. In 2015 Chandra was found guilty of misconduct.[citation
Michael_M._Meguid
Dutch medical researcher who falsified data
Dutch former cardiovascular medicine researcher who was fired for scientific misconduct and ethics concerns over informed consent. He was employed by Erasmus
Don_Poldermans
Interplay between observation, experiment, and theory in science
The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge through careful observation, rigorous skepticism, hypothesis testing, and experimental
Scientific_method
Former American forensic technician (born 1977)
toxicology data tampering scandal impacting up to 27,000 cases Scientific misconduct Fred Zain—An American lab technician who also falsified evidence
Annie_Dookhan
Publisher's note regarding concerns raised about a publication
issue an expression of concern while an investigation of alleged scientific misconduct is ongoing, and pending its outcome. COPE further advises that expressions
Expression_of_concern
Texan forensic psychiatrist
overturned Cook's conviction on the grounds of prosecutorial and police misconduct, and he was freed after agreeing to plead no contest to a time-served
James_Grigson
American biologist
Harvard University announced an internal investigation of alleged scientific misconduct by Hauser. On August 20, 2010, Michael Smith, Dean of Harvard's
Marc_Hauser
Public university in North Queensland, Australia
had never sought to silence Ridd, and his sacking was due to 'serious misconduct' and breaches of the university's code". Following a hearing, the Federal
James_Cook_University
British former doctor (born 1956)
surgeon. He was struck off the medical register for "serious professional misconduct" due to his involvement in the fraudulent 1998 Lancet MMR autism report
Andrew_Wakefield
Bulgarian-American physicist (born 1959)
Commander. List of experimental errors and frauds in physics List of scientific misconduct incidents Schön scandal Hwang scandal Dalton, Rex (18 July 2002)
Victor_Ninov
Organisation that produces and sells fraudulent research manuscripts
2023. "Fake scientific papers are alarmingly common". Science. 2023-05-09. McLellan, Timothy (2025). "Asian Tricks and Research Misconduct: From Orientalism
Research_paper_mill
Group of academic authors who collude to cite one another's publications
(2021-07-15). "Detecting anomalous citation groups in journal networks". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 14524. arXiv:2009.09097. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1114524K
Citation_cartel
Overview of and topical guide to science
theory. Scientific dissent occurs when a scientist disagrees with the scientific community over accepted practices or findings. Scientific misconduct is the
Outline_of_science
American professor of pharmacology
Lung Research Institute at Ohio State. Elton was first accused of scientific misconduct in 2010 after certain images in his published works seemed to be
Terry_Elton
Furberg, CD; Soliman, EZ (February 2008). "Double-blindness protects scientific validity". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 6 (2): 230–1. doi:10
Allocation_concealment
Indian academic organisation
volunteer-run non-profit organization established in 2022 to combat scientific misconduct and research fraud in India. The group monitors cases of suspected
India_Research_Watch
Group of bogus academic papers (2018)
position at Cornell University following exposure of instances of scientific misconduct on his part. Mikko Lagerspetz analyzed the project's experimental
Grievance_studies_affair
Scientific misconduct scandal
1988, which was going to be the basis of a book subtitled gross scientific misconduct. Briggs's daughter has published a book about her father, titled
Briggs_affair
Credit for first discovery
over quality or committing scientific misconduct), which can lead to an unreliable published literature and harm scientific progress. Priority becomes
Scientific_priority
Japanese stem cell biologist
Riken found that Sasai's co-author, Haruko Obokata, had committed scientific misconduct in the STAP cell experiments, and criticized Sasai for inadequate
Yoshiki_Sasai
Japanese stem-cell researcher
cells, Riken launched an investigation that discovered examples of scientific misconduct on the part of Obokata. Attempts to replicate Obokata's STAP cell
Haruko_Obokata
Russian paper mill
the list of purported collaborators. The company was exposed by scientific misconduct tracking website Retraction Watch in 2019. In 2022, a report on
International_Publisher_Ltd.
Canadian neuroscientist (born 1959)
2022). "Stanford president's research under investigation for scientific misconduct, University admits 'mistakes'". The Stanford Daily. Stanford, CA
Marc_Tessier-Lavigne
Austrian physician and researcher
Journal of Medicine. Wiedermann contributed to public awareness of scientific misconduct involving German anesthesiologist Joachim Boldt. He highlighted
Christian_J._Wiedermann
Science fraudster
requested that the National Institute on Aging (NIA) start a research misconduct investigation in May 2023. The NIA started their investigation in December
Eliezer_Masliah
Intentional misrepresentation of research results
intentional misrepresentation of research results. As with other forms of scientific misconduct, it is the intent to deceive that marks fabrication as unethical
Data_fabrication
Purported species of bird
The Bird of Washington, Washington Eagle, or Great Sea Eagle (Falco washingtonii, F. washingtoniensis, F. washingtonianus, or Haliaetus washingtoni) was
Bird_of_Washington
Misuse of data analysis
correctly. The problem of early stopping is not just limited to researcher misconduct. There is often pressure to stop early if the cost of collecting data
Data_dredging
2000 book by Robert L. Park
Antiscience Cargo cult science Denialism Politicization of science Scientific misconduct Scientific skepticism List of books about the politics of science List
Voodoo_Science
20th-century psychology study
happened during the Little Albert experiment since concrete evidence and scientific records are lacking. Though a film was shot during the experiment, textbooks
Little_Albert_experiment
Smallest amount of information that can generate a publication in a peer-reviewed journal
results in aggregate studies. Salami slicing is considered a type of scientific misconduct. At the same time, identifying "salami" can be ambiguous, and there
Least_publishable_unit
Document advising international scientific communication
recommendations, aiming to make international scientific communication more efficient and to aid in preventing scientific misconduct. They also support the global initiative
EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators of Scientific Articles
EASE_Guidelines_for_Authors_and_Translators_of_Scientific_Articles
Discredited South Korean scientist (born 1953)
and biochemists Scientific misconduct, including a list of science scandals. Schön scandal Haruko Obokata List of scientific misconduct incidents Whistle
Hwang_Woo-suk
French biology researcher
University for "serious malfunctions," that in response to this "scientific misconduct investigation by the University of Aix Marseille" four papers from
Didier_Raoult
Dutch anthropologist
the wider public in the Netherlands in 2012 due to suspicions of scientific misconduct. In September 2013, these suspicions were confirmed in an official
Mart_Bax
Italian cognitive psychologist
the mainstream media in the Netherlands for multiple incidents of scientific misconduct. Her research "aims to understand the neural and neuromodular underpinnings
Lorenza_Colzato
researchers in the late 1980s-early 1990s; the result of concerns about scientific misconduct in the early 1980s. This also caught the attention of John Dingell
United States Office of Research Integrity
United_States_Office_of_Research_Integrity
Danish author (born 1965)
and work have attracted scrutiny from the scientific community. He was formally accused of scientific misconduct over the book The Skeptical Environmentalist
Bjørn_Lomborg
False claims of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism
was found guilty by the General Medical Council of serious professional misconduct in May 2010 and was struck off the Medical Register, meaning he could
MMR_vaccine_and_autism
Chemical compound
Media Reports". Scientific Misconduct Wiki. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. "Scientific Misconduct Blog". Scientific-misconduct.blogspot.com
Risedronic_acid
American researcher (1927–2017)
charged Needleman through the National Institute of Health with scientific misconduct. Needleman said that the case against him was filed by a law firm
Herbert_Needleman
German anesthesiologist known for research misconduct
failing to teach, and the university investigated possible charges of scientific misconduct. His case was described as "possibly the biggest medical research
Joachim_Boldt
Academic discipline
semantic aspects of science. Ethical issues such as bioethics and scientific misconduct are often considered ethics or science studies rather than philosophy
History and philosophy of science
History_and_philosophy_of_science
Blog analysing and replicating behavioral academic research
p-hacking, and for publishing evidence of data manipulation and research misconduct in several prominent cases, including celebrity professors Dan Ariely
Data_Colada
1996 scholarly publishing sting accepted by an academic journal
been defenders of the philosophy of scientific realism, opposing postmodernist academics who questioned scientific objectivity. They asserted that anti-intellectual
Sokal_affair
Argentine biophysicist
in scientific misconduct, and in 2026 he was barred from receiving federal research funding in the US for 15 years. Fernandez denies the misconduct findings
Ariel_Fernandez
American psychologist (born 1957)
allegations of scientific misconduct made against Professor J. Michael Bailey do not fall under the federal definition of scientific misconduct." and that
J._Michael_Bailey
Dutch microbiologist (born 1966)
investigate. Her investigations have exposed significant levels of scientific misconduct in several journals. In 2018, Bik was featured on the pop science
Elisabeth_Bik
American behavioral ecologist
self-published a dark fantasy novel, The Amber Menhir. List of scientific misconduct incidents Kozlov, Max (10 August 2022). "How a scandal in spider
Jonathan_Pruitt
List of nonsense papers that were accepted by an academic journal or conference
journal or academic conference; the list does not include cases of scientific misconduct. The intent of such publications is typically to expose shortcomings
List of scholarly publishing stings
List_of_scholarly_publishing_stings
Material which exhibits superconductivity above 0 °C
www.thehindu.com. Garisto, Dan (9 March 2023). "Allegations of Scientific Misconduct Mount as Physicist Makes His Biggest Claim Yet". Physics. 16 40
Room-temperature superconductor
Room-temperature_superconductor
2009 book by Eugenie Samuel Reich
about the politics of science The Great Betrayal: Fraud In Science Scientific misconduct "Eugenie Samuel Reich". National Association of Science Writers
Plastic_Fantastic
New Zealand psychologist and sexologist (1921–2006)
the original on 30 September 2007. "John Money, PhD". Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality. Archived from the original on 20 May 2011. Retrieved
John_Money
French-American ornithologist (1785–1851)
(1831–1839). Audubon's scientific contributions were considerable but controversial. He was accused of fraud, plagiarism, and scientific misconduct during his life
John_James_Audubon
Nuclear fusion reaction
misconduct and that no further investigation of the allegations is warranted". Their report also stated that "vigorous, open debate of the scientific
Bubble_fusion
13th-century work by Roger Bacon
Around 1257, Bacon joined the Franciscan Order, hoping for support in his scientific pursuits. Instead, he faced restrictions from senior members of the order
The Letter Of Roger Bacon Concerning The Marvelous Power Of Art And Nature And The Nullity Of Magic
The_Letter_Of_Roger_Bacon_Concerning_The_Marvelous_Power_Of_Art_And_Nature_And_The_Nullity_Of_Magic
Indian data scientist
established in November 2022 to investigate and raise awareness about scientific misconduct in India. In 2025, he was named to Nature's 10, the journal Nature's
Achal_Agrawal
Indian chemist and biotechnologist
September 2024). "Ashok Pandey's Retraction Record: A Case of Editorial Misconduct or 'Witch-Hunt'? - Neo Science Hub". neosciencehub.com. Retrieved 8 February
Ashok_Pandey
American philosopher known for post-Kantian philosophy
Julian Padraic Young (born June 19, 1943) is an American philosopher and William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Humanities at Wake Forest University. He is
Julian_Young
Chinese academic fraudulence case
Hanxin (simplified Chinese: 汉芯; traditional Chinese: 漢芯; pinyin: Hànxīn) was a notorious scandal of academic fraudulence in China. Chen Jin, a professor
Hanxin
Changing outcomes of clinical trial after initiation
trials reporting on surrogate endpoints: a cross-sectional analysis". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 9206. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.9206F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09553-y
Outcome_switching
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Indian, Muslim
A Prophet's Name; The Biblical David is the English Language Equivalent
Girl/Female
Arabic
Contentment
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sikh, Telugu
Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Leader
Boy/Male
Sikh
Happy friend
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Individuality
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Servant of the Merciful
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Brazelton.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Jayashekhar | ஜயஷேகர
Crest of victory
Surname or Lastname
English (Shropshire)
English (Shropshire) : apparently a habitational name from an unidentified place, perhaps Sudlow Farm in Cheshire.
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
n.
A scientific account or discussion of rivers; a treatise on rivers; potamography.
n.
Hence: The scientific knowledge of mental phenomena; mental philosophy; psychology.
n.
A meeting or assembly for conversation, particularly on literary or scientific subjects.
n.
Scientific determination of any kind; the concise description of characterization of a species.
n.
One who reads lectures on scientific subjects.
a.
Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science; as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.
n.
One engaged in the scientific measurement of light.
a.
Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.
a.
Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner; a scientific argument.
n.
An associate in labor, especially in literary or scientific labor.
n.
Knowledge of wine, scientific or practical.
n.
A literary or scientific association or club.
n.
One learned in science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a savant.
a.
Scientific.
a.
The results of wise judgments; scientific or practical truth; acquired knowledge; erudition.
n.
That theory which limits positive or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.
adv.
In a scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of science.
n.
A variety; -- used in giving scientific names, and often abbreviated to var.
n.
The science, or the scientific treatment, of synonymous words.
n.
Scientific examination of the cranium.