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Project management and software design pitfall in second major iterations
The second-system effect (also second-system syndrome) is the tendency for a successful first system (often small and relatively elegant) to be followed
Second-system_effect
1975 software engineering book by Fred Brooks
This idea is known as Brooks's law, and is presented along with the second-system effect and advocacy of prototyping. Brooks's observations are based on his
The_Mythical_Man-Month
Topics referred to by the same term
Second System may refer to: IND Second System, a proposed New York City Subway expansion 1929–1940) Second-system effect in computer programming Second
Second_System
Tendency of software architects to replicate their development platform
The inner-platform effect is the tendency of software architects to create a system so customizable as to become a replica, and often a poor replica, of
Inner-platform_effect
Sales impact of premature product announcements
Decrease in the general price level Second-system effect – Project management and software design pitfall in second major iterations Self-competition –
Osborne_effect
Student in the second year of schooling in some countries
up sophomore in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Sophomore slump Second-system effect Sophomore's dream Freshman Junior (education year) Senior (education)
Sophomore
System of signaling molecules within a cell
second messengers, so that the extracellular signal may be propagated intracellularly. An important feature of the second messenger signaling system is
Second_messenger_system
Process where information about current status is used to influence future status
system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect
Feedback
Variant of the metric system
The centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS or cgs) is a variant of the metric system based on the centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the
Centimetre–gram–second system of units
Centimetre–gram–second_system_of_units
Direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa
The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa via a thermocouple. A thermoelectric device
Thermoelectric_effect
When a second effort fails to meet the standards of the first
Curse of the rainbow jersey Senioritis Regression toward the mean Second-system effect Feinstein, Jessica (24 March 2004). "Sophomore slump sneaks up on
Sophomore_slump
Abscopal effect (cancer treatments) (immune system) (medical treatments) (radiation therapy) Accelerator effect (economics) Accordion effect (physics)
List_of_effects
Poor practice in project management
reject the project deliverable entirely and nullify the contract. Second-system effect Scope creep Worse is better Death march (project management) KISS
Gold plating (project management)
Gold_plating_(project_management)
Software company (1992–1998)
suffering from development hell as a result of feature creep and the second-system effect. The history of Pink and Taligent from 1988 to 1998 reflects early
Taligent
Science fiction media franchise
Mass Effect is a military science fiction media franchise created by Casey Hudson. The franchise depicts a distant future where humanity and several alien
Mass_Effect
Idea that small causes can have large effects
butterfly effect is the sensitive dependence on initial conditions in which a small change in one state of a deterministic nonlinear system can result
Butterfly_effect
Defunct 1990s operating system
feature creep, and the second-system effect. Many idealistic key assumptions made by IBM architects about software complexity and system performance were never
Workplace_OS
Historical account
"second-system effect", and cited OS/360 as a very comprehensive example. While OS/360 was the preferred operating system for the higher-end System/360
History of IBM mainframe operating systems
History_of_IBM_mainframe_operating_systems
How one process influences another
process, state, or object (i.e., an effect) where the cause is at least partly responsible for the effect, and the effect is at least partly dependent on
Causality
Of a function, an additional effect besides returning a value
assert x == 3 setx is idempotent because the second call of setx to 3 has the same effect on the system state as the first call: x was already set to
Side effect (computer science)
Side_effect_(computer_science)
Operating system by Apple
delivered what became known as System 7 on May 13, 1991, but the Pink team's efforts suffered from second-system effect and its release date continued
Copland_(operating_system)
Atmospheric heat retention
The greenhouse effect occurs when heat-trapping gases in a planet's atmosphere prevent the planet from losing heat to space, raising its surface temperature
Greenhouse_effect
Idiomatic expression, meaning to waste effort on something that has already been achieved
standard. It is mostly an affliction of inexperienced engineers, or the second-system effect. Many problems contain subtleties that were resolved long ago in
Reinventing_the_wheel
Support programs included in or available for IBM OS/360 and successors
for compatibility. Fred Brooks uses the System/360 Linkage Editor as a prime example of the second system effect. Beyond this basic function it also handles
Support programs for OS/360 and successors
Support_programs_for_OS/360_and_successors
Election result affecting losing candidate
methods like the two-round system and RCV still experience vote-splitting in each round. This produces a kind of spoiler effect called a center squeeze.
Spoiler_effect
International System of Units (in French the Système international d'unités or SI) with six "base units": the metre, kilogram, second, ampere, degree
History_of_the_metric_system
Difference in electric potential between two points in space
move a positive test charge from the first point to the second point. In the International System of Units (SI), the derived unit for voltage is the volt
Voltage
Electrochemical surface effect
Lars Onsager. A related phenomenon is known as the Second Wien Effect or the dissociation field effect, and it involves increased dissociation constants
Wien_effect
Situation of degraded computer performance
when we wrote Mozilla." Software bloat may also be a symptom of the second-system effect, described by Fred Brooks in The Mythical Man-Month. “Bloatware"
Software_bloat
SI unit of time
Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise: The second [...] is defined by
Second
Electromagnetic effect in physics
The Hall effect is the production of a potential difference, across an electrical conductor, that is transverse to an electric current in the conductor
Hall_effect
English association football leagues
started from 2007–08 with the starting of a second Step 4 league in the north of England. Phase four took effect in 2018–19. Ahead of the 2020–21 season,
National_League_System
Requirements analysis — Revision control — Robotics Scripting language — Second-system effect — Signal analysis — Simulation — Software — Software architecture
Index of software engineering articles
Index_of_software_engineering_articles
Projecting human traits onto computers
the ELIZA effect is notable for occurring even when users of the system are aware of the determinate nature of output produced by the system. From a psychological
ELIZA_effect
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
The Solar System is an isolated single-star planetary system (not part of a larger star system) within the Milky Way Galaxy. The system formed about
Solar_System
Tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form
Magnus effect Microelectromechanical systems Microfluidics NOTAR Teapot effect Tesla valve Trench effect Aerodynamic levitation "The Coanda effect is a
Coandă_effect
Science fiction book series by Martha Wells
"Compulsory" All Systems Red Artificial Condition Rogue Protocol Exit Strategy "Rapport" "Home" Fugitive Telemetry Network Effect System Collapse Platform
The_Murderbot_Diaries
Special vehicle to fly in air just above sea or ground
A ground-effect vehicle (GEV, wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine (GEM), wingship, flarecraft, surface effect vehicle or
Ground-effect_vehicle
Statistical measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon
In statistics, an effect size is a quantitative measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon. It can refer to the value of a statistic calculated from a sample
Effect_size
Gaming generation from 1976 to 1992
Channel F system. Other console manufacturers soon followed suit with the production of their own programmable consoles. At the start of the second generation
Second generation of video game consoles
Second_generation_of_video_game_consoles
Emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation hits a material
is followed by an immediate re-emission, like in the Compton effect, in quantum systems all of the energy from one photon is absorbed—if the process is
Photoelectric_effect
Effect of psychological interference on reaction time
In psychology, the Stroop effect is the delay in reaction time between neutral and incongruent stimuli. The effect has been used to create a psychological
Stroop_effect
Modern form of the metric system
SI. The SI comprises a coherent system of units of measurement starting with seven base units, which are the second (symbol: s, the unit of time), metre
International_System_of_Units
Voting system
two-round system and RCV have faced criticism from social choice theorists as a result of their susceptibility to center squeeze (a kind of spoiler effect favoring
Two-round_system
American satellite-based radio navigation service
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based hyperbolic navigation system owned by the United States Space Force and operated by Mission Delta
Global_Positioning_System
Armenian-American metal band
consider us System of a Down." Odadjian stated "You can compare us to whoever you want. I don't care. Comparisons and labels have no effect on this band
System_of_a_Down
Visual phenomenon
The stroboscopic effect is a visual phenomenon caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous rotational or other cyclic motion is represented by a series
Stroboscopic_effect
Psychological phenomenon
The overjustification effect is a phenomenon in psychology in which providing expected external incentive, such as money or prizes, for an already intrinsically
Overjustification_effect
Social phenomenon by which being observed causes behavioral changes
The Hawthorne effect is a type of behavioral reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being
Hawthorne_effect
2017 video game
marking a departure from the Paragon/Renegade morality system of prior titles in the series. In Mass Effect: Andromeda, the player explores the Heleus cluster
Mass_Effect:_Andromeda
Sexual phenomenon
rats. The Coolidge effect is attributed to an increase in dopamine levels and the subsequent effect upon an animal's limbic system. In a study conducted
Coolidge_effect
Programmable machine that processes data
of tasks. The term computer system may refer to a nominally complete computer that includes the hardware, operating system, software, and peripheral equipment
Computer
Tendency for positive impressions to contaminate other evaluations
The halo effect (sometimes called the halo error), a term coined by Edward Thorndike, is the tendency for positive impressions of a person, company, country
Halo_effect
Winner-takes-all voting systems tend to result in only two viable parties
ones, whereas proportional representation would have the opposite effect. The U.S. system has two major parties that have won, on average, 98% of all state
Duverger's_law
Social classification practised in India
historical evidence. The second school of thought focuses on socioeconomic factors, claiming that those factors drive the caste system. It believes caste to
Caste_system_in_India
2016 video game
The Caligula Effect is a 2016 role-playing video game developed by Aquria. It was released for the PlayStation Vita in Japan in June 2016, and by Atlus
The_Caligula_Effect
Legacy of the 1999 Columbine massacre
The Columbine effect is the legacy and impact of the Columbine High School massacre ("Columbine"), which occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High
Columbine_effect
Highway system of the United States of America
The United States Numbered Highway System (often called U.S. Routes or U.S. Highways) is an integrated network of roads and highways numbered within a
United States Numbered Highway System
United_States_Numbered_Highway_System
Document linking model introduced by Apple Computer in System 7
system. Unlike OLE, the Edition Manager was comparatively complex from a programming standpoint.[citation needed] Suffering from second system effect
Publish and Subscribe (Mac OS)
Publish_and_Subscribe_(Mac_OS)
2011 video game
3 the following year. It is the second installment in the Mass Effect series and a sequel to the original Mass Effect. The game takes place within the
Mass_Effect_2
Plurality voting system
ISBN 978-0-387-09720-6, retrieved 31 August 2024, In effect, the primary system means that the USA has a two-round runoff system of elections. Felsenthal, Dan S. (2010)
First-past-the-post_voting
Human visual perception phenomenon
The McCollough effect is a phenomenon of human visual perception in which colorless gratings appear colored contingent on the orientation of the gratings
McCollough_effect
inaugurated for a second term on January 20, 2025. In his inaugural address, he pledged to "immediately begin the overhaul of our trade system to protect American
Tariffs in the second Trump administration
Tariffs_in_the_second_Trump_administration
Force resulting from the quantisation of a field
predicted the effect for electromagnetic systems in 1948. In the same year Casimir, together with Dirk Polder, described a similar effect experienced by
Casimir_effect
Transport phenomenon in physics
The spin Hall effect (SHE) is a transport phenomenon predicted by Russian physicists Mikhail I. Dyakonov and Vladimir I. Perel [de] in 1971. It consists
Spin_Hall_effect
Deflection of a spinning object moving through a fluid
The Magnus effect is a phenomenon that occurs when a spinning object is moving through a fluid. A lift force acts on the spinning object and its path may
Magnus_effect
Form of government
dissolved – in effect electing all of the Parliament simultaneously. The parliamentary system can be contrasted with a presidential system which operates
Parliamentary_system
Analysis of potential system failures
logistics. It starts at higher functional / system level. An FTA may use the basic failure mode FMEA records or an effect summary as one of its inputs (the basic
Failure mode and effects analysis
Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis
Set of technologies introduced for the Classic Mac OS
project suffered from what is known as second-system effect, where engineers spend considerable time designing a system that does everything.[citation needed]
Apple Open Collaboration Environment
Apple_Open_Collaboration_Environment
U.S. presidential administration since 2025
Donald Trump's second and current tenure as the president of the United States began upon his inauguration as the 47th president on January 20, 2025. Trump
Second presidency of Donald Trump
Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump
Visual illusion in color images
red and blue objects. The eccentric foveal receptive system, along with the Stiles–Crawford effect, work in opposite directions of one another and roughly
Chromostereopsis
2007 video game
Mass Effect is a 2007 action role-playing game developed by BioWare and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360. It is the first game in the
Mass_Effect_(video_game)
Optical illusion affecting visual perception
Troxler's fading, also called Troxler fading or the Troxler effect, is an optical illusion affecting visual perception. When one fixates on a particular
Troxler's_fading
System of measurements
imperial units replaced the Winchester Standards, which were in effect from 1588 to 1825. The system came into official use across the British Empire in 1826
Imperial_units
Division of the nervous system supplying internal organs, smooth muscle and glands
nervous system (ANS), sometimes called the visceral nervous system and formerly the vegetative nervous system, is a division of the nervous system that operates
Autonomic_nervous_system
Non-eliminating tournament format, without playing every competitor
this is approximately the case, in effect for the second round the top eighth plays the second eighth, the second quarter plays the third quarter and
Swiss-system_tournament
Fighting game series
BlazBlue (ブレイブルー, Bureiburū) is a video game series created by Arc System Works. It has sold 1.7 million copies as of August 2012. The company's former
BlazBlue
Player character in the original Mass Effect trilogy of video games
character in the Mass Effect video game series by BioWare (Mass Effect, Mass Effect 2, and Mass Effect 3). A veteran soldier of the Systems Alliance Navy, an
Commander_Shepard
Psychological occurrence
activation of associated information, the incorporation of misinformation effect, and source misattribution have been suggested to be several mechanisms
False_memory
Reproductive system of the human male
The male reproductive system consists of a number of sex organs that play a role in the process of human reproduction. These organs are located on the
Male_reproductive_system
Series of professional and amateur soccer leagues
The United States soccer league system is a series of professional and amateur soccer leagues based, in whole or in part, in the United States. Although
United States soccer league system
United_States_soccer_league_system
Central banking system of the US
important role in the Federal Reserve System as it is the basis for its monetary policy work. Monetary policy is put into effect partly by influencing how much
Federal_Reserve
Quantum physical phenomenon
Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them. The effect is named
Josephson_effect
Soviet ground effect vehicle
Lun-class ekranoplan (Soviet classification: Project 903) is the only ground effect vehicle (GEV) to ever be operationally deployed as a warship, deploying
Lun-class_ekranoplan
Trend of sexual misconduct allegations beginning in 2017
The Weinstein effect is a scandal in which famous or powerful figures – previously thought to be immune from most consequences due to their fame – are
Weinstein_effect
Compilation of the video games in the Mass Effect trilogy
Mass Effect Legendary Edition is a compilation of the video games in the Mass Effect trilogy: Mass Effect (2007), Mass Effect 2 (2010), and Mass Effect 3
Mass_Effect_Legendary_Edition
Second-order control system
In systems and control theory, the double integrator is a canonical example of a second-order control system. It models the dynamics of a simple mass
Double_integrator
Optical illusion
The wagon-wheel effect (alternatively called stagecoach-wheel effect) is an optical illusion in which a spoked wheel appears to rotate differently from
Wagon-wheel_effect
Mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking
The Jahn–Teller effect (JT effect or JTE) is an important mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in molecular and solid-state systems which has far-reaching
Jahn–Teller_effect
Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist (1893–1985)
Yarkovsky effect for moving meteoroids about the solar system. Öpik fled Estonia in 1944 ahead of the approaching Red Army, in fear of a second Soviet occupation
Ernst_Öpik
Head of the United States Federal Reserve System
Governors of the Federal Reserve System as well as governors of the Federal Reserve Board prior to the 1935 Act taking effect. A chair serves for a four-year
Chair_of_the_Federal_Reserve
Cognitive bias
The IKEA effect is a cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created. The name refers to Swedish
IKEA_effect
Computer operating system
desktop operating system in the world, with a 72% market share as of June 2026[update], and the second-most popular operating system overall, behind Android
Microsoft_Windows
Apparent force in a rotating reference frame
Riccioli, Grimaldi, and Dechales all described the effect as part of an argument against the heliocentric system of Copernicus. In other words, they argued that
Coriolis_force
Type of electric propulsion system
In spacecraft propulsion, a Hall-effect thruster (HET, sometimes referred to as a Hall thruster or Hall-current thruster) is a type of ion thruster in
Hall-effect_thruster
Physical phenomenon
Yokoya, Akinari; Ito, Takashi (2017-08-03). "Photon-induced Auger effect in biological systems: a review". International Journal of Radiation Biology. 93 (8):
Auger_effect
1899–1902 war in South Africa
and prisoners of war, was opened in January 1902. The war had a lasting effect on the region and on British domestic politics. The conflict is commonly
Second_Boer_War
Fact that observing a situation changes it
In physics, the observer effect is the disturbance of a system by the act of observation. This is often the result of utilising instruments that, by necessity
Observer_effect_(physics)
Tendency to base judgments on an irrelevant anchor
The anchoring effect is a psychological phenomenon in which an individual's judgments or decisions are influenced by a reference point or "anchor" which
Anchoring_effect
circumstance more remarkable than the quietude with which it was effect. That he meditated a second Eighteenth of Brumaire, there can be no doubt; but the decided
Napoleon's_second_abdication
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
Girl/Female
Indian
Second
Female
English
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Seònaid, SEONA means "God is gracious."
Girl/Female
English
Misty.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pranali | பà¯à®°à®£à®¾à®²à¯€
System, Organization
Pranali | பà¯à®°à®£à®¾à®²à¯€
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from an Old English personal name composed of the elements ēast ‘grace’, ‘beauty’ + mund ‘protection’. This name was also used by the Norman, among whom it represents a continental Germanic cognate of the Old English name.
Boy/Male
Norse
Happy.
Boy/Male
African American American
Of man.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pranaali | பà¯à®°à®¨à®¾à®²à¯€
System, Organization
Pranaali | பà¯à®°à®¨à®¾à®²à¯€
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English
Foggy; Misty
Girl/Female
Hindu
System, Organization
Boy/Male
English
Protected by God. Grace and protection. From the Old English name Estmund. Commonly used as a...
Female
English
From the name of the state of Arizona in the United States of America, a place considered sacred by the Native Americans. It was named after Sedona Miller Schnebly (1877-1950), the wife of the city's first postmaster. Meaning unknown.
Boy/Male
Indian
Second
Girl/Female
Spanish
Lively.
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Estmond, ESMOND means "gracious protector."Â
Girl/Female
Biblical
Second.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Lister.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Second
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Richward, a Norman personal name composed of the Germanic elements rīc ‘power(ful)’ + ward ‘guard’.French : from Old French record, recort ‘recollection’, ‘account’, ‘testimony’, and by extension ‘witness’, hence perhaps a nickname for someone who had given evidence in a court of law, or a metonymic occupational name for a clerk who recorded court proceedings.New England variant of French Ricard, reflecting an Americanized spelling of the Canadian pronunciation.
Girl/Female
Hindu
System, Organization
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Companion
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish, French, Hawaiian, Hebrew
God Heard; Her Name is God; Told by God
Girl/Female
Arabic
Angel
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Not Little; Much; Large
Girl/Female
Anglo, British, English
Elf from the Willow Trees
Boy/Male
Finnish, Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil, Traditional
Shining in the Life; Shining
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, German, Muslim, Sindhi
Cloud
Girl/Female
Hebrew
God's gift.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Dolly, DOLLIE means "gift of God."
Girl/Female
Biblical
That is poor.
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
SECOND SYSTEM-EFFECT
a.
Of the rank or degree below the best highest; inferior; second-rate; as, a second-class house; a second-class passage.
imp. & p. p.
of Second
a.
In the duodecimal system of mensuration, the twelfth part of an inch or prime; a line. See Inch, and Prime, n., 8.
a.
To follow or attend for the purpose of assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to forward; to encourage.
n.
An assemblage of parts or organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary system, the muscular system, the digestive system, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional unity.
a.
Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge.
n.
The second part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the alto.
n.
One who seconds or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as, the seconder of an enterprise or of a motion.
a.
Having the power of second-sight.
n.
An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or parts forming one entire thing; as, a system of philosophy; a system of government; a system of divinity; a system of botany or chemistry; a military system; the solar system.
n.
The second part in a concerted piece.
a.
Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the systemic circulation of the blood.
v. t.
To stem, or move against; as, to restem a current.
a.
Of the second size, rank, quality, or value; as, a second-rate ship; second-rate cloth; a second-rate champion.
a.
Of or pertaining to the general system, or the body as a whole; as, systemic death, in distinction from local death; systemic circulation, in distinction from pulmonic circulation; systemic diseases.
n.
Regular method or order; formal arrangement; plan; as, to have a system in one's business.
a.
Being beyond the world, or beyond the limits of our system.
adv.
Secondly; in the second place.
adv.
In the second place.
a.
The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of a minute of space, that is, the second regular subdivision of the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a second; five minutes and ten seconds north of this place.