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Psychology of false perceptions and their impact on human behavior
Self-deception or self-delusion is a process of denying or rationalizing away the relevance, significance, or importance of opposing evidence and logical
Self-deception
2011 book by Robert Trivers
The Folly of Fools: The Logic of Deceit and Self-Deception in Human Life (2011, Basic Books, ISBN 0465027555) by Robert Trivers is a book that examines
The_Folly_of_Fools
Practice of feigning to be what one is not or believing what one does not
"Is self-deception pretense?". Manuscrito. 37 (2): 291–332. doi:10.1590/S0100-60452015005000002. Renzo, Massimo (July 2014). "Fairness, self-deception and
Hypocrisy
Deception by non-human animals
Deception in animals is the voluntary or involuntary transmission of misinformation by one animal to another, of the same or different species, in a way
Deception_in_animals
Personality trait
positive emotions. However, this may also reflect self-enhancing biases among individuals high in self-deception. Other personality traits, such as neuroticism
Extraversion_and_introversion
Duplicity, fraud, or deception
the concepts of self-deception and bad faith, the latter concept has been examined in specialized fields as it pertains to self-deception as two semi-independently
Bad_faith
American philosopher (1921–2018)
argues that traditional accounts of self-deception fall invariably into paradox because these accounts see self-deception in terms of perception or knowledge
Herbert_Fingarette
Psychological pattern
PMC 7174434. PMID 31848865. Gadsby, Stephen, (2021), "Imposter Syndrome and Self-Deception", Australasian Journal of Philosophy. doi:10.1080/00048402.2021.1874445
Impostor_syndrome
Concept in Nineteen Eighty-Four of accepting two contradictory statements
workers. Mike Martin argued that doublethink is Orwell's expression of self-deception, meaning the human mind's unwillingness to confront uncomfortable truths
Doublethink
2018 book by Kevin Simler and Robin Hanson
professor of economics at George Mason University. The book explores self-deception and hidden motives in human behaviour. The publisher's website describes
The_Elephant_in_the_Brain
American philosopher (born 1952)
context, he has given particular attention to the problem of moral self-deception. Among his research interests are also virtue ethics and the problem
J._Budziszewski
2000 film by Christopher Nolan
its nonlinear structure and themes of memory, perception, grief, and self-deception. It was a commercial success, earning $40 million against a $9 million
Memento_(film)
2021 nonfiction book by Julia Galef
of overconfidence and self-deception are not convincing reasons to shy away from a scout mindset. Galef says that self-deception is sometimes seen as valuable
The_Scout_Mindset
Causing someone to believe something that is not true
Deception is the act of convincing one or many recipients of untrue information. The person creating the deception knows it to be false while the receiver
Deception
American evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist (1943–2026)
parent–offspring conflict (1974). He has also contributed by explaining self-deception as an adaptive evolutionary strategy (first described in 1976) and discussing
Robert_Trivers
Excess, ungovernable emotion
kind that draws medical and nursing attention to them", usually as a self-deception rather than an attempt to defraud. The blanket diagnosis of hysteria
Hysteria
Mental diversion from unpleasant or boring aspects of life
(1996) p. 73 Longeway, John (1990). "The Rationality of Escapism and Self Deception". Behavior and Philosophy. 18 (2): 1–20. R. Britton, Belief and Imagination
Escapism
Founder of the Black Panther Party (1942–1989)
close friends, they published an analysis of the role of flight crew self-deception in the 1982 crash of Air Florida Flight 90, and Trivers dedicated one
Huey_P._Newton
American author and science journalist (born 1946)
emotional intelligence, Goleman has written books on topics including self-deception, creativity, transparency, meditation, social and emotional learning
Daniel_Goleman
2025 novel by Ocean Vuong
or combat porn. It’s a messy but worthy exploration of how hurt and self-deception leaches into everyday life [as well as]...the surprising and cruel ways
The_Emperor_of_Gladness
Phrasing technique which disassociates speaker from subject
discussion, or group from their own personal identity for the purpose of self-deception, deceiving others, or disunifying oneself from a team, among others
Distancing_language
False consensus due to communication failure
choose as individuals. However, in groupthink, individuals undergo self-deception and distortion of their own views (driven by, for example, not wanting
Abilene_paradox
1943 book by Jean-Paul Sartre
dealing with topics such as consciousness, perception, social philosophy, self-deception, the existence of "nothingness", psychoanalysis, and the question of
Being_and_Nothingness
Psychometric questionnaire
and further shows the composition of impression management (IM) and self-deception enhancement (SDE) within that bias. BIDR was developed by Paulhus in
Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding
Balanced_Inventory_of_Desirable_Responding
Unawareness of one's own illness, symptoms or impairments
ISBN 978-0-19-505941-0. Bayne, Tim; Fernández, Jordi (2010-10-18). Delusion and Self-Deception: Affective and Motivational Influences on Belief Formation. Psychology
Anosognosia
Tendency to remember pleasant things better
Positivity offset Reality principle Rosy retrospection Scotomization Self-deception Self-serving bias Toxic positivity Wishful thinking Matlin & Stang 1978
Pollyanna_principle
Attempts to mislead enemy forces during warfare
Military deception (MILDEC) is an attempt by a military unit to gain an advantage during warfare by misleading adversary decision makers into taking action
Military_deception
Feeling of trust in someone or something
Trivers, Robert (1 February 2011). "The evolution and psychology of self-deception". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 34 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1017/S0140525X10001354
Confidence
2015 novel by Hanya Yanagihara
than the news that Jude has indeed finally died by suicide. Harold's self-deception does not save him or Jude from pain; if anything, it adds to both their
A_Little_Life
1961 film by José Quintero
believes that she is different from other mature women he has known. Her self-deception is aided by the fact that she does not actually pay him, but buys him
The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone
The_Roman_Spring_of_Mrs._Stone
Russian military doctrine
Russian military deception, sometimes known as maskirovka (Russian: маскировка, lit. 'masking, disguise'), is a military doctrine developed from the start
Russian_military_deception
Study of the representation of one's identity
about themselves. A person's self-awareness, self-esteem, and self-deception all fall under the self-knowledge part of self. People learn about themselves
Psychology_of_self
Academic
worked on the philosophy of psychology. His research interests include self-deception, dehumanization, human nature, ideology, race and moral psychology.
David_Livingstone_Smith
Spiritual practice
Wiseman. (1997). Deception & Self-Deception: Investigating Psychics. Prometheus Books. p. 23 Richard Wiseman. (1997). Deception & Self-Deception: Investigating
Mediumship
Inauthentic action
sentient human beings. Bad faith also derives from the related concepts of self-deception and ressentiment. In Sartre's view authenticity is the opposite of bad
Bad_faith_(existentialism)
Mythical ethnic identity
confident of their ostensibly Northern or Western European ancestry. This self-deception often originated with parents or grandparents who told the individual
Black_Irish_(folklore)
1908 book by Friedrich Nietzsche
expected result of hard inquiry into the deepest recesses of human self-deception, and that by overcoming one's agonies a person achieves more than any
Ecce_Homo_(book)
Tendency to perceive connections between unrelated things
GrrlScientist (29 September 2010). "Michael Shermer: The pattern behind self-deception". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2011-06-29. Brogaard, Berit (25 February
Apophenia
British psychiatrist and author
Failure – The Anti Self-Help Guide (2010), Growing from Depression: A Self-Help Guide (2010), Hide and Seek: The Psychology of Self-Deception (2012), Heaven
Neel_Burton
Form of cognitive bias
prophecy. Self-propaganda can also be a form of self-deception. Those whose values match the self deceptions are even further impacted. Confirmation bias
Self-propaganda
American psychiatrist (1936–2005)
commonly hates with the pretense of love, for the purposes of self-deception as much as deception of others abuses political (emotional) power ("the imposition
M._Scott_Peck
2007 non-fiction book by Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson
their behavior. It describes a positive feedback loop of action and self-deception by which slight differences between people's attitudes become polarized
Mistakes Were Made (but Not by Me)
Mistakes_Were_Made_(but_Not_by_Me)
Analysis of facts to form a judgment
Critical thinking includes identification of prejudice, bias, propaganda, self-deception, distortion, misinformation, etc. Given research in cognitive psychology
Critical_thinking
Sense of generalized boredom, social alienation and apathy
In Abraham J. Twerski's 1997 book Addictive Thinking: Understanding Self-Deception, he argues that when people feel spiritually empty, they often turn
Emptiness
Irrationality: An Essay on Akrasia, Self-Deception, and Self-Control. Oxford University Press, 1987. Surrounding Self-Control — (Oxford University Press
Alfred_Mele
Poem by Rudyard Kipling
against "the Gods of the Market-Place", who represent an optimistic self-deception into which it supposes society has fallen in the early 20th century
The Gods of the Copybook Headings
The_Gods_of_the_Copybook_Headings
Novel by Elfriede Jelinek
wordplay; and a relentlessly bleak portrait of the human capacity for self-deception." John Semley wrote in The Nation that "Jelinek’s prose is dense, chock-full
The_Children_of_the_Dead
Comedy play by William Shakespeare
women seem to embrace its message. The play has many examples of deception and self-deception. The games and tricks played on people often have the best intentions:
Much_Ado_About_Nothing
2022 film by Matt Sobel
sublime ordeal." Capgras delusion Dissociative disorder Fugue state Self-deception "Goodnight Mommy". Writers Guild of America West. October 20, 2021.
Goodnight_Mommy_(2022_film)
Unrealistically favorable attitudes
to them. Positive illusions are a form of self-deception or self-enhancement that feel good, maintain self-esteem, or avoid discomfort, at least in the
Positive_illusions
Theory about Sigmund Freud
Esterson, A. (2001). The mythologizing of psychoanalytic history: deception and self-deception in Freud’s accounts of the seduction theory episode. History
Freudian_coverup
Construct in psychology
thinking Optimism and optimism bias Rational expectations Rat race Self-deception Smiley Cowles, Charlotte (May 26, 2022). "Get Your Toxic Positivity
Toxic_positivity
Matching opinions and behaviors to group norms
often referred to as groupthink: a pattern of thought characterized by self-deception, the forced manufacture of consent, and conformity to group values and
Conformity
Belgian-born American philosopher (1932–2020)
resistance to the obligations of morality, including the benefits of self-deception, the lures of moral weakness, the wisdom of ambivalence, and hidden
Amélie_Rorty
Psychological defense mechanism
Rationality Reaction formation Reductionism Regression (psychology) Self-deception Spin (public relations) Splitting (psychology) Victim blaming "Rationalization"
Rationalization_(psychology)
1836 satirical play by Nikolai Gogol
the play, often mirroring each other, whirl in the endless vertigo of self-deception around the main character, Khlestakov (rendered in some English translations
The_Government_Inspector
Philosophical dichotomy
Commonly hates with the pretense of love, for the purposes of self-deception as much as the deception of others Abuses political or emotional power ("the imposition
Good_and_evil
2016 American film
both versions of the movie. Dissociative disorders Dissociative fugue Self-deception "Exposed (15)". British Board of Film Classification. January 22, 2016
Exposed_(2016_film)
Concept in Freudian psychology
the aim of mental identity, but rather aim to fulfill pleasure, even self-deception to a certain extent, in order to make life easier, i.e. to avoid unpleasant
Condensation_(psychology)
Overview of and topical guide to thought
Recognition-primed decision Reflective disclosure Scientific method Self-deception Semantic network Semantics Semiotics Sensemaking Situated cognition
Outline_of_thought
2011 video game
Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception is a 2011 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation
Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception
Uncharted_3:_Drake's_Deception
British entrepreneur and programmer
and that “the biggest obstacle to national recovery is the entrenched self-deception of our elites”. On 1 October 2020, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Ben_Delo
Hostility towards art, beauty, spirituality, and intellect
spiritlessness of the philistine-bourgeois mentality of triviality and the self-deception of despair. The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) identified
Philistinism
1996 French romantic comedy film by Éric Rohmer
albeit less than honorably. Other typically Rohmerian themes include self-deception and coincidence, especially applied to a protagonist who does something
A_Summer's_Tale
Form of divine energy in Hindu mysticism
such indiscriminate or premature awakening is fraught with dangers of self-deception as well as the misuse of powers. The kundalini enables man to consciously
Kundalini
American comedy television series
production and never returns. Nathan narrates that he is envious that self-deception is easy for some people as he ponders his fake family. 4 4 "The Fielder
The_Rehearsal_(TV_series)
1947 American film noir by Jacques Tourneur
its reverberations linger after repeated viewings: guilt, duplicity, self-deception, and the lonely hero's need to push it to the bitter end, tempting fate
Out_of_the_Past
1945 novel by Evelyn Waugh
extraction. Of all the characters, Anthony has the keenest insight into the self-deception of the people around him. Although he is witty, amiable and always an
Brideshead_Revisited
American actor (born 1966)
lays bare his character's opportunism, casual cruelties, and chronic self-deception." In 2006, he made his Broadway debut in Herman Wouk's two-act play
David_Schwimmer
1981 book by Jürgen Habermas
Therapeutic discourse is that which serves to clarify systematic self-deception. Such self-deceptions typically arise from developmental experiences, which have
The Theory of Communicative Action
The_Theory_of_Communicative_Action
Alleged alien abduction, 1975
Walton was not abducted by aliens. In both cases, the power of deception and self-deception is all we need to understand what really happened in 1975 and
Travis_Walton_incident
American writer
based on his academic work on the foundations of human behavior and self-deception. In writings and seminars, Warner argues that people are responsible
C._Terry_Warner
1990 television film
Deceptions is a 1990 erotic drama film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Harry Hamlin and Robert Davi. It was directed by Ruben Preuss and written by Ken Denbow
Deceptions
Short story by Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges
understanding and describing reality. The story relies on issues of deceit, self-deception and inauthenticity to illustrate this. According to what Borges wrote
Emma_Zunz
American lawyer
and sin departing from self-deception theory. He elucidates and exegetes several scriptural passages based upon self-deception as the underlying cause
Blake_Ostler
1969 play by Lonne Elder III
protestations of his dutiful daughter. The play addresses themes of self-deception, greed, the comfort of rituals, and the systemic economic exclusion
Ceremonies_in_Dark_Old_Men
Assertion that a statement is false
Non-denial denial Plausible deniability Polite fiction Scotomization Self-deception Self-fulfilling prophecy Skepticism The Politics of Denial Willful blindness
Denial
American science writer (born 1954)
with "Why people believe strange things" in 2006, "The pattern behind self-deception" in 2010, and "Reasonable Doubt" in 2015. Shermer has debated Deepak
Michael_Shermer
American author (born 1945)
ache of feeling, every failed effort at restraint, every attempt at self-deception is captured in precise, beautifully cadenced prose." Spencer was born
Scott_Spencer_(writer)
Claims of perceiving information by a 6th sense, the mind
Quest Books. ISBN 978-0-8356-0884-8. Richard Wiseman. (1997). Deception and Self-Deception: Investigating Psychics. Prometheus Press. ISBN 978-1-57392-121-3
Extrasensory_perception
Book by Nisargadatta Maharaj
ISBN 978-1-936910-69-4. Rodney Smith; Joseph Goldstein (2010). Stepping Out of Self-deception. Shambhala Publications. pp. xv. ISBN 978-0-8348-2296-2. Stephen H.
I_Am_That
1945 novel by C. S. Lewis
it awakens of the plausibility and familiarity–and the thinness and self-deception–of the excuses which the ghosts ultimately refuse to abandon, even though
The_Great_Divorce
Intellectual competition
carried out unconsciously as a result of the need to maintain one's own self-deception. Office mind games are often hard to identify clearly, as strong management
Mind_games
General dislike of humanity
flaws, including cruelty, greed, selfishness, wastefulness, dogmatism, self-deception, and insensitivity to beauty. These flaws can be categorized in many
Misanthropy
Austrian playwright and novelist (1931–1989)
as Austria engages in self-deception regarding its past and its place in the world, so human beings engage in self-deceptions about the redemptive power
Thomas_Bernhard
Book by Chögyam Trungpa
Materialism, by Chögyam Trungpa is a book addressing many common pitfalls of self-deception in seeking spirituality, which the author coins as Spiritual materialism
Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism
Cutting_Through_Spiritual_Materialism
Dutch existential therapist (born 1951)
supervision with Alfons Grieder, from 1990 to 2000. This was on the theme of self-deception and it led to numerous publications. Van Deurzen began her career in
Emmy_van_Deurzen
Concept in psychoanalysis
Internalized oppression Masters of suspicion Repetition compulsion Self-deception Self-sabotage Cultural assimilation Conformity Wartime collaboration Quisling
Identification with the Aggressor
Identification_with_the_Aggressor
German general
recorded conversations provide very clear examples of the widespread self-deception and ambivalence among German prisoners of war about the Nazi war-machine
Heinrich_Kittel
Disputation by Martin Luther on indulgences
argued that his claimed surprise at their success may have involved self-deception and Hans Hillerbrand has claimed that Luther was certainly intending
Ninety-five_Theses
Fictional character from Dune
Leto had been killed. The intense mental discipline needed for this self-deception builds a safe haven in Ghanima's mind for her own personality to safely
Leto_II_Atreides
omelette. Episode 173 – "Three Kinds of Deception" Act 1: Self-Deception Act 2: Deceiving Others Act 3: Accidental Deception – David Sedaris performs a version
List of 2000 This American Life episodes
List_of_2000_This_American_Life_episodes
Philosophical concept
Epistle of James, where the author exhorts the reader to avoid the self-deception that comes from being halfhearted in one's commitment to God. The Danish
Double-mindedness
2003 film by Jane Campion
has managed to offer a vivid, if fleeting, glimpse of the wariness, self-deception and fear that shadow so many illicit thrills of sex in the city. Hornaday
In_the_Cut_(film)
Concept regarding objective facts
of the inherent contingency of facts." She explains that deception and even self-deception are rendered meaningless in a defactualized world, for both
Post-truth
American film director
The Art of Self-Deception Art by Cathie Sacho
William_Kronick
American writer and public speaker (born 1973)
interested in the psychology of belief and the steps involved in deception and self-deception. His writing has been published by both Skeptical Inquirer magazine
D._J._Grothe
Second chapter of the Bhagavad Gita
ISSN 1749-8171. Strandberg, Hugo (2015), "What Kind of Self-Knowledge?", Self-Knowledge and Self-Deception, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 14–25, doi:10.1057/9781137538222_3
Samkhya_Yoga_(Bhagavad_Gita)
Terms used to distinguish Christian groups
University Press. pp. 131–67. ISBN 978-0-19-972911-1. Ava Chamberlain, "Self-Deception as a Theological Problem in Jonathan Edwards's 'Treatise Concerning
Old_and_New_Lights
Influencing of objects without physical interaction, with one's mind
Reinhold. p. 320. ISBN 9780442295769. Wiseman, Richard (1997). Deception & Self-deception: Investigating Psychics. Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books.
Telekinesis
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
Girl/Female
African, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, French, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew
Saviour; Ewe of West Africa; Goddess of the Moon; Cliff; Rock
Boy/Male
Indian
Sword
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi, Swahili
Sword; Brave; Sword of Religion
Boy/Male
British, English, Hebrew
A Tree
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Sword
Girl/Female
British, English
Soft
Male
Yiddish
(סֶעף) Variant spelling of Yiddish Zeff, SEFF means "wolf."
Male
English
(סֶלַע) Anglicized form of Hebrew Cela, SELA means "a rock." In the Old Testament bible, this is the name of the capital city of Edom, possibly an early name for Petra. In use as a unisex name.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Sword
Boy/Male
Hindi
Self.
Boy/Male
Welsh
peace'.
Female
Egyptian
, a form of Isis.
Girl/Female
Egyptian
Boy/Male
British, English, Nigerian, Norwegian
Rock
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : from the Middle English personal name Saulf, Old English Sǣwulf, composed of the elements sǣ ‘sea’ + wulf ‘wolf’.
Boy/Male
Biblical
A rock.
Male
Welsh
Welsh form of Greek SolomÅn, SELYF means "peaceable."Â
Biblical
a rock
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English selle, a rough hut of the type normally occupied by animals, hence a topographic name for someone who lived in a hut like this. In many cases the name may have been in effect a metonymic occupational name for a herdsman.Americanized spelling of Hungarian and Hungarian Jewish Széll, a topographic name for someone who lived in a spot exposed to the wind, from Hungarian szél ‘wind’.German : variant of Selle.
Girl/Female
Hebrew Biblical
Rock.
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
Male
Scottish
Scottish Gaelic form of Greek Michaēl, MICHEIL means "who is like God?"
Boy/Male
Celtic Scottish
Seaman.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Close, Intimate, Good friend, Continuous
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Gold
Female
Hebrew
(צִבְיָ×) Hebrew name TSIBYA means "a female gazelle." In the bible, this is the name of a Benjamite.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Tridhaman | தà¯à®°à®¿à®¤à®¾à®®à®¨
The holy Trinity
Girl/Female
German
Beloved.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Noble Person
Female
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew Qetuwrah, KETURAH means "incense." In the bible, this is the name of Abraham's second wife.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Joy
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
SELF DECEPTION
n.
Self-deception; delusion.
n.
Self-devotion.
a.
Disposed to self-assertion; self-asserting.
n.
Imposture practiced on one's self; self-deceit.
a.
Self-repelling.
n.
Self-communion.
n.
Self-deceit.
a.
Refusing to gratify one's self; self-sacrificing.
n.
Self-denial; self-renunciation; self-sacrifice.
n.
Self.
n.
The act of governing one's self, or the state of being governed by one's self; self-control; self-command.
n.
Restraint over one's self; self-control; self-command.
a.
Dependent on one's self; self-depending; self-reliant.
n.
Self-love.
n.
The idolizing of one's self; immoderate self-conceit.
n.
Control of one's self; restraint exercised over one's self; self-command.
n.
Faith in one's self; self-reliance.
n.
Enjoyment of one's self; self-satisfaction.
n.
The act of deceiving one's self, or the state of being self-deceived; self-deception.
n.
The act of estimating one's self; self-esteem.