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A software language is an artificial language used in the development of software systems. The term is more general than programming language and also
Software_language
Instructions a computer can execute
of software is closely tied to the development of digital computers in the mid-20th century. Early programs were written in the machine language specific
Software
Process of making software accessible worldwide
different languages, regional peculiarities and technical requirements of a target locale. Internationalization is the process of designing a software application
Internationalization and localization
Internationalization_and_localization
Platform-providing software
System programming language Wii system software Wii U system software Xbox 360 system software Xbox One system software "System software". Encyclopaedia
System_software
Software tool
Cucumber is a software tool that supports behavior-driven development (BDD). Central to the Cucumber BDD approach is its ordinary language parser called
Cucumber_(software)
General-purpose programming language
keywords for typing were added to the language, allowing optional static typing. As of 2026[update], the Python Software Foundation supports Python 3.10, 3
Python_(programming_language)
Acronym for a common web hosting solution
Perl, PHP, or Python for the programming language The components of the LAMP stack are present in the software repositories of most Linux distributions
LAMP_(software_bundle)
Corporate collaboration software program
corporate wiki developed by Australian software company Atlassian. Atlassian wrote Confluence in the Java programming language and first published it in 2004
Confluence_(software)
Language for controlling a computer
A programming language is an engineered language for expressing computer programs, typically allowing software to be written in a human readable manner
Programming_language
Software to run a collaborative wiki
Wiki software (also known as a wiki engine or a wiki application) is collaborative software that runs a wiki, which allows the users to create and collaboratively
Wiki_software
Checking software against expectations
Software testing is the act of checking whether software meets its intended objectives and satisfies expectations. Software testing can provide objective
Software_testing
AI software development optimisation
AI-assisted software development is the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to augment software development. It uses large language models (LLMs), AI
AI-assisted software development
AI-assisted_software_development
Software for defining and provisioning datacenter infrastructure
infrastructure-as-code software tool created by HashiCorp. Users define and provide data center infrastructure using a declarative configuration language known as HashiCorp
Terraform_(software)
Programming language used in many domains
In computer software, a general-purpose programming language (GPL) is a programming language for building software in a wide variety of application domains
General-purpose programming language
General-purpose_programming_language
Lightweight programming language
high-level, multi-paradigm programming language designed mainly for embedded use in applications. Lua is cross-platform software, since the interpreter of compiled
Lua
Learning technique
acquisition Language education Language exchange Language immersion Language MOOC List of language self-study programs List of flashcard software Online learning
Computer-assisted language learning
Computer-assisted_language_learning
Process of planning software solutions
Software design is the process of conceptualizing how a software system will work before it is implemented or modified. Software design also refers to
Software_design
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
A software design pattern describes a reusable solution to a commonly needed behavior in software. A design pattern is not a rigid structure to be copied
Software_design_pattern
Person who writes computer software
with skill in computer programming. The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer. Sometimes
Programmer
Notation expressing information under a rule set
engineering: Behavior Trees are a formal, graphical modeling language used primarily in systems and software engineering. Commonly used to unambiguously represent
Modeling_language
Programming language for statistics
bioinformatics, data analysis, and data science. The core R language is extended by a large number of software packages, which contain reusable code, documentation
R_(programming_language)
Programming paradigm
Language-oriented programming (LOP) is a software-development paradigm where "language" is a software building block with the same status as objects,
Language-oriented_programming
Programming language with hardware abstraction
environment. By the 1980s and 1990s, high-level language development increasingly reflected large-scale software engineering, graphical computing, and the growth
High-level programming language
High-level_programming_language
Computer software installed on multiple computing platforms
cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed
Cross-platform_software
programming tools, robot programming languages, and educational robotics environments. Artificial intelligence software Autonomous robot List of artificial
List_of_robotics_software
Audio and video recording software
qualitative data analysis software Language documentation Language documentation tools and methods "Release notes - The Language Archive". archive.mpi.nl
ELAN_software
music software JFugue Kyma (sound design language) Keykit Max/MSP Opusmodus Pure Data Suno AI SuperCollider Udio This section only includes software, not
List_of_music_software
high-throughput inference engine for large language models using techniques such as PagedAttention Ollama - a software platform that enables easy deployment
Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software
Lists_of_open-source_artificial_intelligence_software
Video game engine developed by Epic Games
2017 Verse is a programming language that was developed by Epic Games for programming in UEFN, a game development software used to create player-made games
Unreal_Engine
Computer language specialized to a specific set of requirements or function
from widely used languages for common domains, such as HTML for web pages, down to languages used by only one or a few pieces of software, such as MUSH soft
Domain-specific_language
Microsoft programming language
Infrastructure (CLI) language on .NET, but can also generate JavaScript and graphics processing unit (GPU) code. F# is developed by the F# Software Foundation,
F Sharp (programming language)
F_Sharp_(programming_language)
Software application used to develop software
integrated development environment (IDE) is software that provides a relatively comprehensive set of features for software development. An IDE is intended to enhance
Integrated development environment
Integrated_development_environment
Single large version-control repository for many projects
("mono" meaning 'single' and "repo" being short for 'repository') is a software-development strategy in which the code for a number of projects is stored
Monorepo
High level structures of a software system
Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each
Software_architecture
Instructions a computer can execute
or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute. It is one component of software, which also includes documentation and other
Computer_program
Software design modeling notation
Framework (UAF) and the Systems Modelling Language (SysML) v1. UML is designed for use with many object-oriented software development methods, both today and
Unified_Modeling_Language
Collaborative approach to designing and developing software
behavioral specification of software using the domain-specific language. BDD suggests that business analysts and software developers should collaborate
Behavior-driven_development
Programming paradigm based on objects
Bertrand Meyer produced the first design of the Eiffel language in 1985, which focused on software quality using a design by contract approach. In the 1990s
Object-oriented_programming
Statistical programming language
Wilks of Bell Laboratories. The aim of the language, as expressed by John Chambers, is "to turn ideas into software, quickly and faithfully". It was formerly
S_(programming_language)
Software development and deployment platform
a proprietary software licence mandates per-process fees. In syntax, JADE is very similar to Pascal; its syntax is based on the language Modula-2, which
JADE_(programming_language)
General-purpose programming language
with a broken elevator in his apartment building whose software had crashed, and named the language after the group of fungi of the same name that is "over-engineered
Rust_(programming_language)
Creation and maintenance of software
Software development is the process of designing, creating, testing, and maintaining software applications to meet specific user needs or business objectives
Software_development
modern programming languages alongside the advancement of the home computer would greatly widen the scope and breadth of available software, beginning with
History_of_software
open-source software (FOSS) packages, computer software licensed under free software licenses and open-source licenses. Software that fits the Free Software Definition
List of free and open-source software packages
List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages
Statistical software
data or perform analysis without the use of the SAS programming language. The SAS software suite has more than 200 add-on packages, sometimes called components
SAS_(software)
Proprietary software for learning foreign languages and writing systems
Rosetta Stone Language Learning is proprietary, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) software published by Rosetta Stone Inc, part of the IXL Learning
Rosetta_Stone_(software)
wiki-based content management software, and wiki-based project management software. They are further subdivided by the language of implementation: JavaScript
List_of_wiki_software
Inherent flaw in computer instructions
A software bug is a defect (bug) in computer software. A computer program with many or serious bugs may be described as buggy. The effects of a software
Software_bug
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
compiler is software that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The
Compiler
Software tool that automates software builds and tests
Apache Maven, Bazel builds software applications from source code using rules. Rules and macros are created in the Starlark language, a dialect of Python.
Bazel_(software)
Storage location for software packages
A software repository, or repo for short, is a storage location for software packages. Often a table of contents is also stored, along with metadata. A
Software_repository
Group of computer programming languages
early (and portable) languages that had 4GL properties was RAMIS developed by Gerald C. Cohen at Mathematica, a mathematical software company. Cohen left
Fourth-generation programming language
Fourth-generation_programming_language
Computer language used to describe a software component's interface
procedure call software. In these cases the machines at either end of the link may be using different operating systems and computer languages. IDLs offer
Interface description language
Interface_description_language
Programming language for experimentation or art
of computer programming language design, as a proof of concept, as software art, as a hacking interface to another language (particularly functional
Esoteric_programming_language
List of software tools for AI-assisted software development
list of AI-assisted software development tools which are tools used for AI-assisted software development, especially large language models and AI agents
List of AI-assisted software development tools
List_of_AI-assisted_software_development_tools
Translator of computer source code
used by a compiler Language binding – Software library that allows using another library coded in another programming language Language-independent specification –
Source-to-source_compiler
Programming language written graphically by a user
visual programming language that can be used by mainstream programmers in any software project instead of using textual programming languages (like C, C++,
Visual_programming_language
Any computer program for end-user use
Application software is software that is intended for end-user use – not operating, administering or programming a computer. It includes programs such
Application_software
Software development standard for the C programming language
MISRA C is a set of software development guidelines for the C programming language developed by The MISRA Consortium. Its aims are to facilitate code safety
MISRA_C
Analysis of computer programs without executing them
being limited to one specific technology or programming language. A further level of software analysis can be defined. Mission/Business Level Analysis
Static_program_analysis
Object-oriented programming language
JVM languages List of Java programming books List of Java software and tools List of Java virtual machines Outline of the Java programming language Comparison
Java_(programming_language)
Software released under a license restricting rights
Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright
Proprietary_software
Numerical analysis programming language
a language that is mostly compatible with MATLAB. It may also be used as a batch-oriented language. As part of the GNU Project, it is free software under
GNU_Octave
Standardized language on architecture description
Architecture description languages (ADLs) are used in several disciplines: system engineering, software engineering, and enterprise modelling and engineering
Architecture description language
Architecture_description_language
Free application for event monitoring and alerting
programming languages. The POCO C++ Libraries expose Prometheus metrics through the Poco::Prometheus namespace. Free and open-source software portal Grafana
Prometheus_(software)
Computer program with low system resource usage
example of the extreme end of lightweight software are complex programs developed entirely in assembly language. KolibriOS – A fully-functional, bespoke
Lightweight_software
Computer program acting for a user
In computer science, a software agent is a computer program that acts for a user or another program in a relationship of agency. The term agent is derived
Software_agent
Software that executes source code directly
In computing, an interpreter is software that executes source code without first compiling it to machine code. An interpreted runtime environment differs
Interpreter_(computing)
Process to create executable computer programs
hardware and software have been shown to improve retention and engagement among first-year engineering students. Machine code was the language of early programs
Computer_programming
Software for portable virtual development environments
simplify the software configuration management of virtualization in order to increase development productivity. Vagrant is written in the Ruby language, but its
Vagrant_(software)
1994 software engineering book
Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich
Design_Patterns
Programming language
Guidewire Software, and the language saw its first community release in 2010 under the Apache License 2.0. Gosu can serve as a scripting language, having
Gosu_(programming_language)
Modular unit of software
A software component is a modular unit of software that encapsulates specific functionality. The desired characteristics of a component are reusability
Software_component
Perl software and tools List of Ruby software and tools List of Visual Basic .NET software and tools Outline of the Python programming language "Python
List_of_Python_software
General-purpose programming language
system programming language designed to be a general-purpose improvement to the C programming language. It is free and open-source software, released under
Zig_(programming_language)
High-level programming language first released in 1980
wrong nested 'if'-expression in other languages such as C or Java. Ada is designed for developing very large software systems. Ada packages can be compiled
Ada_(programming_language)
Object-oriented programming language
programming language designed by Bertrand Meyer (an object-orientation proponent and author of Object-Oriented Software Construction) and Eiffel Software. Meyer
Eiffel_(programming_language)
Programming language for automation scripts
develop application software also. A scripting language can be a general-purpose programming language or a domain-specific language for a given environment
Scripting_language
Language model application development framework
Free and open-source software portal LangChain is a software framework that helps facilitate the integration of large language models (LLMs) into applications
LangChain
General-purpose programming language
open-source software portal Computer programming portal Comparison of programming languages History of programming languages List of programming languages List
V_(programming_language)
Linux software for speech recognition
usually refers to software that attempts to distinguish thousands of words in a human language. Voice control may refer to software used for communicating
Speech recognition software for Linux
Speech_recognition_software_for_Linux
US language learning platform
grammar with Spanish logic. The Fluenz software has been reviewed in the journal of the Computer Assisted Language Instruction Consortium. According to
Fluenz (language learning software)
Fluenz_(language_learning_software)
Computer programming language released in 2011
open-source software portal Computer programming portal Comparison of programming languages History of programming languages List of programming languages List
Red_(programming_language)
packaging and distributing software packages, in the forms of application software and libraries, for the programming language Haskell. Cabal was introduced
Cabal_(software)
Software projects developed at universities
This is a list of software developed at universities including software, programming languages, operating systems, web browsers, computer graphics tools
List of software developed at universities
List_of_software_developed_at_universities
Apache 2 licensed Fityk – nonlinear regression software (GUI and command line) GNU Octave – programming language very similar to MATLAB with statistical features
List_of_statistical_software
United States software engineer (born 1936)
directed the Software Engineering Division at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, where she led the development of the on-board flight software for NASA's
Margaret Hamilton (software engineer)
Margaret_Hamilton_(software_engineer)
Organizing code into modules
of packages in software, such as package manager packages.) In Java, the term package is used for the module concept in the Java language specification
Modular_programming
Engineering approach to software development
Software engineering is a branch of both computer science and engineering focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining software applications
Software_engineering
Analysis (FEA) software. Freemat - a free environment for rapid engineering, scientific prototyping and data processing using the same language as MATLAB and
List of computer simulation software
List_of_computer_simulation_software
Software platform developed by Microsoft
proprietary software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. It was the predominant implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure
.NET_Framework
This is a list of data science software and platforms used in data science, which includes programming languages, programming environments, machine learning
List_of_data_science_software
American software company (2002–2017)
compilers. Its tools included language workbenches, tools that separated software function from implementation, and allowed 'language-focused' development. This
Intentional_Software
Class of computer programming languages
system programming language is a programming language used for system programming; such languages are designed for writing system software, which usually
System_programming_language
Tool to flag poor computer code
a Unix utility that performs static program analysis on C language source code. The software gives its name to modern computing tools responsible for checking
Lint_(software)
Connection between computers or programs
between computer programs. It is a type of software interface, offering a service to other pieces of software. A document or standard that describes how
API
Computational software program
information graphics software Literate programming Mathematical markup language Mathematical software SageMath Wolfram Language Wolfram SystemModeler
Wolfram_Mathematica
This is a list of open-source software to be used for high-order mathematical calculations. This software has played an important role in the field of
List of open-source software for mathematics
List_of_open-source_software_for_mathematics
Degradation or loss of the use of software over time
Software rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is the degradation, deterioration, or loss of the use or performance
Software_rot
Process of extracting design information from anything artificial
to represent language constructs can be never-ending because of the number of languages, the continuous evolution of software languages, and the development
Reverse_engineering
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (of Norman origin)
Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with Old Norse hagi ‘enclosure’, a word with cognates in most Germanic languages. Compare Hay.English : variant spelling of Haigh.Irish (County Cavan) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Thaidhg (see McCaig).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
Girl/Female
Latin
Wife of Oedipus.
Female
English
Modern English form of Welsh Megan, MEAGAN means "pearl."
Boy/Male
Muslim
One who has large beautiful eyes
Surname or Lastname
English or Scottish
English or Scottish : unexplained.
Boy/Male
Japanese
Form of Kuan-yin who was Chinese Buddhist deity of mercy.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Angel; Spirit; Spirit which Protects the Soul as a Guardian Angel
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Place 3.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Leopardess
Female
Italian
Italian name composed of the elements fiore "flower" and alba "dawn," FIORALBA means "flower of dawn."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Courage; Bravery; Valour
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
SOFTWARE LANGUAGE
n.
Literally, world's speech; the name of an artificial language invented by Johan Martin Schleyer, of Constance, Switzerland, about 1879.
prep.
Against; as, John Doe versus Richard Roe; -- chiefly used in legal language, and abbreviated to v. or vs.
n.
A list or collection of words arranged in alphabetical order and explained; a dictionary or lexicon, either of a whole language, a single work or author, a branch of science, or the like; a word-book.
n.
Grossness or clownishness of manners of language; absence of refinement; coarseness.
n.
Language; words; speech; expression; signification of feeling or opinion.
n.
Command; precept; -- now chiefly used in scriptural language.
n.
Abusive, reproachful language; discourteous speech; foul talk.
a.
Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent.
n.
The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.
n.
The vernacular, or common language.
n.
The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.
a.
Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition.
v. t.
To communicate by language; to express in language.
imp. & p. p.
of Language
n.
A translation; that which is rendered from another language; as, the Common, or Authorized, Version of the Scriptures (see under Authorized); the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament.
a.
Not correct or pure; corrupt; as, vicious language; vicious idioms.
n. pl.
A Romanic people inhabiting that part of Belgium which comprises the provinces of Hainaut, Namur, Liege, and Luxembourg, and about one third of Brabant; also, the language spoken by this people. Used also adjectively.
a.
Hence, lacking cultivation or refinement; rustic; boorish; also, offensive to good taste or refined feelings; low; coarse; mean; base; as, vulgar men, minds, language, or manners.
n.
The act of translating, or rendering, from one language into another language.