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Type of warship
Surface combatants (or surface ships or surface vessels) are a subset of naval warships which are designed for warfare on the surface of the water, with
Surface_combatant
Royal Canadian Navy warship upgrade program
River-class destroyer, formerly the Canadian Surface Combatant (CSC), and Single Class Surface Combatant Project is the procurement project that will
River-class_destroyer_(2030s)
Class of American littoral combat ships
"Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC) – Naval Technology". www.naval-technology.com. Retrieved 16 December 2020. "Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC)".
Freedom-class littoral combat ship
Freedom-class_littoral_combat_ship
Frigate class being built for the Royal Navy
programme began in 1998, under what was then known as the Future Surface Combatant (FSC). By March 2010 however, this procurement programme had evolved
Type_26_frigate
US Navy guided-missile destroyer class
Arleigh Burke class has the longest production run of any U.S. Navy surface combatant. Over the course of the class's production, different variants have
Arleigh_Burke-class_destroyer
Topics referred to by the same term
Future Surface Combatant is the designation of shipbuilding programs for: Future Surface Combatant (Koninklijke Marine), the Netherlands and Belgium Future
Future_Surface_Combatant
Project to replace existing navy frigates
Retrieved 12 April 2018. Conrad Waters (6 November 2024). "European surface combatant construction: status report". European Security & Defence. Joost Margés
Anti-Submarine Warfare Frigate (Royal Netherlands Navy)
Anti-Submarine_Warfare_Frigate_(Royal_Netherlands_Navy)
U.S. Navy program to develop a class of principal surface combatants
Burke-class destroyers. The program is the culmination of the Large Surface Combatant (LSC) initiative that followed the cancellation of CG(X) and curtailing
DDG(X)
Class of patrol vessel
Royal Navy has begun plans for a similar vessel under the Future Surface Combatant program, designated the Future Mine Countermeasures/Hydrographic/Patrol
Arafura-class_patrol_vessel
Program to produce eleven frigates for the Royal Australian Navy
3000. The new general purpose frigates are intended to be 'Tier 2 surface combatant' vessels that are less expensive and capable than the Hunter-class
Australian general purpose frigate program
Australian_general_purpose_frigate_program
Proposed American battleship class
ships were constructed. The Navy also launched studies into a Future Surface Combatant (FSC) to replace the Ticonderoga-class cruisers—which will reach the
Trump-class_battleship
US Navy small coastal combat ships
restrictions. In December 2014, the Navy's recommendation to base the Small Surface Combatant on upgraded versions of both Independence and Freedom LCSs was accepted
Independence-class littoral combat ship
Independence-class_littoral_combat_ship
Planned US Navy frigate class
'agile' combatant ships". Defense News. Fatima Bahtić (December 22, 2025). "US Navy turns to HII to construct future small surface combatants". Naval
FF(X)
Ship designed for operations near shore
Navy. The LCS was "envisioned to be a networked, agile, stealthy surface combatant capable of defeating anti-access and asymmetric threats in the littorals"
Littoral_combat_ship
Future frigate of the Royal Navy
6 October 2023. "Enhanced Lethality Surface Combatant Fleet – Independent Analysis of the Navy's Surface Combatant Fleet" (PDF). Defence.gov.au. 20 February
Type_31_frigate
Stealth missile destroyer class of the US Navy
The ships are classed as destroyers, but they are now the largest surface combatants in the US Navy, much larger than any other active destroyers or cruisers
Zumwalt-class_destroyer
Chinese guided-missile stealth cruiser/destroyer class
United States Navy (USN) defines a cruiser as a large multi-mission surface combatant with flag facilities; this suggests the U.S. expects the Type 055
Type_055_destroyer
Naval verticle (missile) launching system
guided missiles, including surface-to-air, surface-to-surface, and anti-submarine warfare missiles from naval surface combatants and potentially submarines
MİDLAS
Class of U.S. Navy patrol boats
counter-narcotics operations. In the late 1960s, NATO sought a small, fast surface combatant to counter Soviet missile boats, but the resulting project was poorly
Pegasus-class_hydrofoil
a medium-sized navy. Its fleet is based around two main types of surface combatant, with limited global deployment and air power capability. However
Future of the Royal Australian Navy
Future_of_the_Royal_Australian_Navy
Iranian warship class, commissioned 2022
Shahid Soleimani class (Persian: شهید سلیمانی) were the principal surface combatant ships of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy of Iran. These
Shahid Soleimani-class corvette
Shahid_Soleimani-class_corvette
Navy branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
largest surface combatant warships operated by the JMSDF, and according to Popular Mechanics, they will "arguably [be] the largest deployable surface warships
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Japan_Maritime_Self-Defense_Force
Australian Government program to outline the future of the Navy
The Enhanced Lethality Surface Combatant Review (or the Surface Fleet Review) was a 2024 independent review of the surface fleet of the Royal Australian
Australian Surface Fleet Review
Australian_Surface_Fleet_Review
US naval inventory classification system
(retired unused) Surface combatants are ships which are designed primarily to engage enemy forces on the high seas. The primary surface combatants are battleships
Hull_classification_symbol
main strength consists of three destroyers and seven frigates of the surface combatant force: three Hobart class destroyers and seven Anzac class frigates
List of active Royal Australian Navy ships
List_of_active_Royal_Australian_Navy_ships
Type of warship intended to escort other larger ships
the advent of guided missiles allowed destroyers to take on the surface-combatant roles previously filled by battleships and cruisers. This resulted
Destroyer
nuclear-powered vessels. Modern cruisers, destroyers and frigates are called surface combatants and act mainly as escorts for aircraft carriers, amphibious assault
United_States_Navy_ships
National gendarmerie of Turkey
The Gendarmerie General Command (Turkish: Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı) is the national gendarmerie force of Turkey. It is a service branch of the Ministry
Gendarmerie_General_Command
Class of Russian battlecruisers
cruisers of the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e. not an aircraft carrier or amphibious assault ship)
Kirov-class_battlecruiser
Military operations involving the use of surface warships
October 1967. Surface combatant ships include battleships, aircraft carriers, cruisers, destroyers, frigates, and others. Surface combatants also include
Surface_warfare
four attack submarines, eight major surface combatants (frigates) and more than ninety minor surface combatants (patrols), some of which are only identified
List of active ships of the Chilean Navy
List_of_active_ships_of_the_Chilean_Navy
Class of guided missile destroyers in the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy
and currently one of the most numerous principal surface combatant classes in service of the PLAN Surface Force. The initial variant of the ship class is
Type_052D_destroyer
The list of naval ship classes in service includes all combatant surface classes in service currently with navies or armed forces and auxiliaries in the
List of naval ship classes in service
List_of_naval_ship_classes_in_service
Indian stealth guided-missile frigates
INS Vikrant. Further, they can be independently deployed as a surface combatant or with a surface task force. Upon entering service, the class is to be complemented
Nilgiri-class_frigate_(2019)
branch of the Indian Armed Forces, operated a fleet of about 145 surface combatant vessels and submarines as of November 2025. By inventory, the Indian
List of active Indian Navy ships
List_of_active_Indian_Navy_ships
Finnish Navy warship class
2020) programme. The class is intended to form the core of Finland’s surface combatant fleet together with the four Hamina-class missile boats. The Pohjanmaa-class
Pohjanmaa-class_corvette
US Navy cruiser research program
budgets after the end of the Cold War. The U.S. Navy's response was the Surface Combatant for the 21st Century (SC-21) program. This envisaged a destroyer called
CG(X)
Navy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
patrol boats British-built Sandown-class minehunters 4 Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC) ordered by Royal Saudi Navy in 2019. The ship is derived from
Royal_Saudi_Naval_Forces
Small warship
yards, but the sensors, weapons, and other systems required for a surface combatant are more specialized and are around 60% of the total cost. These components
Corvette
Class of multi-purpose frigates
family of warships designed by Naval Group and Fincantieri. This surface combatant is known in France as the Aquitaine class (17 units planned, of which
FREMM_multipurpose_frigate
Class of guided missile cruisers
cruiser program; however, severe budget cuts from the 21st-century surface combatant program coupled with the increasing cost of the Zumwalt-class destroyer
Ticonderoga-class_cruiser
This is a list of the ships of the Iran Navy, the country's main navy. Former ships of the Iran Navy can be found here. It does not include vessels of
List of current ships of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
List_of_current_ships_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Navy
Independence-class littoral combat ship
hull built by Austal (Henderson, Australia). The 418-foot (127 m) surface combatant design requires a crew of 43 sailors. With 11,000 cubic meters (390
USS_Independence_(LCS-2)
Commissioned in late summer 1961, she was the world's first nuclear-powered surface combatant. She was followed a year later by USS Bainbridge (DLGN-25). While
Nuclear-powered cruisers of the United States Navy
Nuclear-powered_cruisers_of_the_United_States_Navy
Long Beach-class missile cruiser
cruiser in the United States Navy and the world's first nuclear-powered surface combatant. She was the third Navy ship named after the city of Long Beach, California
USS_Long_Beach_(CGN-9)
conventionally powered submarines (including reserve). The major surface combatants fleet is heavily modernized and centered around more than 60 multirole
List of ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
List_of_ships_of_the_People's_Liberation_Army_Navy
Canadian shipbuilder
non-combatant variants for the coast guards Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship project for an additional 2.1 billion) The remaining 15 will be Canadian Surface Combatants(CSC)
Irving_Shipbuilding
Military unit
Defense Commander (TIAMDC) for 7th Fleet. George Washington and the ten surface combatant ships operate out of Yokosuka, Japan, while CVW 5 operates out of
Carrier_Strike_Group_5
Naval combat on the open ocean
Anti-surface warfare (ASuW or ASUW) is the branch of naval warfare concerned with the suppression of surface combatants. More generally, it is any weapons
Anti-surface_warfare
merged with the Ytstridsfartyg Mindre [Surface Combatant Small] program to form the YS2000 (Surface Combatant 2000) program that would later result in
Military equipment of Sweden during the Cold War
Military_equipment_of_Sweden_during_the_Cold_War
United States Department of Defense command
A unified combatant command, also referred to as a combatant command (CCMD), is a joint military command of the United States Department of Defense that
Unified_combatant_command
U.S. guided-missile frigates under construction
FFG(X) would "normally aggregate into strike groups and Large Surface Combatant led surface action groups but also possess the ability to robustly defend
Constellation-class_frigate
1988 US attack on Iran in the Iran-Iraq War
only sinking of a major surface combatant since World War II. On 18 April, the U.S. Navy attacked with several groups of surface warships, plus aircraft
Operation_Praying_Mantis
Research and development program
SC-21 (Surface Combatant for the 21st century) was a research and development program started in 1994 intended to design land attack ships for the United
SC-21_(United_States)
This is a list of equipment of the Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and does not include the vessels of the Iranian Navy. Iran portal List
List of equipment of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy
List_of_equipment_of_the_Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps_Navy
Indian stealth guided-missile frigates
The class is a part of Next Generation series of future frontline surface combatants of the Indian Navy which includes Next Generation Destroyers (NGD)
Project_17B-class_frigate
Indian stealth guided missile destroyers
The class is a part of Next Generation series of future frontline surface combatants of the Indian Navy which includes the Project 17B-class frigate or
Project_18-class_destroyer
American shipbuilding company
S. Navy surface combatants, amphibious warships, and U.S. Coast Guard National Security Cutters) Mission Technologies, (U.S. unified combatant command
Huntington_Ingalls_Industries
Navy has approximately 63 ships in commission, including 10 major surface combatants, 6 submarines, 1 helicopter carrier, 4 amphibious warfare vessels
List of active Brazilian Navy ships
List_of_active_Brazilian_Navy_ships
American integrated naval weapons system
largest surface combatant warships operated by the JMSDF, and according to Popular Mechanics, they will "arguably [be] the largest deployable surface warships
Aegis_Combat_System
Canadian governmental procurement program
of May 2026[update] 15 River-class destroyers under the Canadian Surface Combatant (CSC) project; lead ship (HMCS Fraser) under construction as of May 2026[update]
National Shipbuilding Strategy
National_Shipbuilding_Strategy
Surface warfare branch of the People's Liberation Army Navy
overall battle force of approximately 370 surface ships and submarines, including over 140 major surface combatants — in comparison, according to the U.S
People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force
People's_Liberation_Army_Navy_Surface_Force
Propulsion system for marine vessels utilizing a nuclear powerplant
cruisers of the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e. not an aircraft carrier, amphibious assault ship, or
Nuclear_marine_propulsion
include one nuclear aircraft carrier, 3 amphibious assault ships, 14 surface combatants of the "first rank": 2 Horizon-class destroyers, 8 Aquitaine-class
List of active French Navy ships
List_of_active_French_Navy_ships
The list of German Federal Navy ships includes all ships commissioned into service with the Bundesmarine, the German navy which served West Germany during
List of German Federal Navy ships
List_of_German_Federal_Navy_ships
One of the five fighting arms of the British Royal Navy
and frigates (Type 23). Surface combatants deploy to conduct several standing Royal Navy deployments. Closer to home, the surface fleet also conducts Fishery
Surface vessels of the Royal Navy
Surface_vessels_of_the_Royal_Navy
North Korean Navy destroyer
"North Korea reveals new surface combatant". International Institute for Strategic Studies. "Nampho Port: Newest Naval Combatant Likely Left the Hall".
North Korean destroyer Choe Hyon
North_Korean_destroyer_Choe_Hyon
Guided-missile destroyer class in the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Forces
propulsion system for auxiliary vessels and is expected to expand to surface combatant ships in the future in light of its future weapon accommodation. The
Maya-class_destroyer
Naval warfare branch of the Australian Defence Force
Review, the government sought an Independent analysis into Navy's surface fleet combatant fleet. In February 2024, the government released its response to
Royal_Australian_Navy
Type 055 destroyer of the PLA Navy
The United States Navy defines a cruiser as a large multi-mission surface combatant with flagship capabilities; this suggests the U.S. expects the Type
Chinese destroyer Nanchang (101)
Chinese_destroyer_Nanchang_(101)
Military unit
Guard (Title 10) deployments, and a host of Allied and partner Navy surface Combatant deployments to the Western Pacific. DESRON FIFTEEN is the U.S. Navy's
Destroyer_Squadron_15
nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to the ongoing modernization of the first-rank surface combatant fleet as well as offshore patrol and logistic support fleets. 1 PANG
Future_of_the_French_Navy
US naval guided missile destroyer
missile destroyers. The Zumwalt-class was designed as a multi-mission surface combatant for land attack and littoral operations with a mission of supporting
USS_Michael_Monsoor
Shipbuilding facility in South Australia
the Southern Hemisphere, and has produced several classes of major surface combatants and submerged vessels, such as destroyers, frigates, patrol boats
Osborne_Naval_Shipyard
Kirov-class battlecruiser
the term "battlecruiser" to describe them, as they are the largest surface combatant warships in the world. Pyotr Velikiy has been the flagship of the
Russian battlecruiser Pyotr Velikiy
Russian_battlecruiser_Pyotr_Velikiy
Aftermath of the Russian Navy after the Cold War
of 2026, the Russian Navy is unable to start construction on large surface combatants such as destroyers. The Russian shipbuilding industry also currently
Future_of_the_Russian_Navy
United States Navy occupational rating
months to 8 months. FCs typically operate weapon systems on-board surface combatant ships. They are trained in the repair, maintenance, operation and
Fire_controlman
US cargo ship class of WWII
battle in 1942 and became the first American ship to sink a German surface combatant. The wreck of SS Richard Montgomery lies off the coast of Kent with
Liberty_ship
Air defence frigates of the Danish Navy
Huitfeldt-class frigate was a contender in the Canadian Single Class Surface Combatant Project. It has been claimed that due to concerns over the fairness
Iver_Huitfeldt-class_frigate
Model Image Origin Quantity Notes Surface-to-air missiles Long-range S-300VM Russia 12 Medium-range 9K317M2 Buk-M2E Russia 9 S-125 Pechora-2M 44 Point-defence
List of equipment of the Venezuelan Armed Forces
List_of_equipment_of_the_Venezuelan_Armed_Forces
Class of ships of the Royal Norwegian Navy
Fridtjof Nansen-class frigates are a class of frigates that are the main surface combatant units of the Royal Norwegian Navy. The ships are named after famous
Fridtjof_Nansen-class_frigate
Numbered fleet of the United States Navy
and other supply tenders. Task Force 75, Surface Combatant Force, contained the fleet's surface combatants and naval gunfire support. These units formed
United_States_Seventh_Fleet
List of current ships in the Royal Navy
reportedly unseaworthy. Of the commissioned vessels, fourteen are major surface combatants (two aircraft carriers, six guided missile destroyers and six frigates)
List of active Royal Navy ships
List_of_active_Royal_Navy_ships
Maritime warfare branch of Greece's military
"Hellenic Navy plans to purchase four American-made Multi-Mission Surface Combatant MMSC frigates". www.navyrecognition.com. Retrieved 9 November 2020
Hellenic_Navy
US Navy unit with aircraft carrier
based on previous experience grouping battleships and other major surface combatants. In World War II, administratively, aircraft carriers were assigned
Carrier_strike_group
International maritime warfare exercise
laser-guided bombs, and more than 1,000 rounds of naval gunfire from 20 surface combatant warships. Units flew more than 3,100 air sorties, completed numerous
RIMPAC
Swedish frigate class
Navy's Future Surface Combatants". Start. "France and Sweden sign defence roadmap as Naval Group positions FDI frigate for Swedish surface ship programme
Luleå-class_frigate
2025. "Babcock to support design of Swedish Navy's new Luleå-class surface combatant | Shephard". www.shephardmedia.com. Retrieved 20 April 2025. markblackburn
List of future ships of the Swedish Navy
List_of_future_ships_of_the_Swedish_Navy
Design element of ships and automobiles
and Passamaquoddy style DDG-1000 Zumwalt / DD(X) Multi-Mission Surface Combatant Future Surface Combatant. GlobalSecurity.org. Modern use of tumblehome.
Tumblehome
Kirov-class battlecruiser
Navy, it and its three sister ships are the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e. not an aircraft carrier or amphibious assault ship)
Russian_battlecruiser_Kirov
Class of Japanese stealth frigates
24 January 2025. "Japan's ATLA Selected MHI & Mitsui to build 30DX Surface Combatant for JMSDF". Navy Recognition. 16 August 2017. Retrieved 26 October
Mogami-class_frigate
Former US Navy officer
Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser USS Cowpens (CG-63), a major surface combatant vessel of the fleet. She was the first woman to command a cruiser
Holly_Graf
United States Navy ship class
The Combatant Craft Medium, Mark1 (CCM) is a United States Navy patrol boat designed for use by the United States Naval Special Warfare Command as a multi-mission
Combatant_Craft_Medium
2026 Iran war sinking of Iranian ship
Bike, Tom. "Oil slick from first US 🇺🇲 sub torpedo kill on enemy surface combatant since WWII spotted TODAY starting at". X. Retrieved 8 March 2026.
Sinking_of_IRIS_Dena
Australian military ship class
until the mid-2030s. The Anzac class originated from the RAN's New Surface Combatant (NSC) project, which began in the mid-1980s to find a replacement
Anzac-class_frigate
Naval warfare branch of the Belgian Armed Forces
1954) M946 (decommissioned 1954) M947 (decommissioned 1954) Miscellaneous combatant vessels Barcock (Bar-class boom defence vessel); ex-Royal Navy HMS Barcock;
Belgian_Navy
Small, fast naval ship designed to carry torpedoes into battle
predominant type of surface warship in the modern era. Today, the old concept of a very small, fast, and cheap surface combatant with powerful offensive
Torpedo_boat
Family of surface-to-air missiles developed by MBDA UK
was selected to equip the Aegis Combat System on the Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC) over the RIM-162 ESSM. 32 missiles will be quad-packed into
CAMM_(missile_family)
Military ship used by a navy
engage in attacks against airborne, surface, sub-surface and shore targets. Surface combatant – large, heavily armed surface ships which are designed primarily
Naval_ship
Japanese first guided missile destroyer
the only ship of her class. She was the first Japanese surface combatant equipped with surface-to-air missiles. JDS Amatsukaze was planned as the DDG
JDS_Amatsukaze
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English (Cumbria and Durham)
English (Cumbria and Durham) : variant spelling of Furness.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American Biblical Hebrew
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish Gaelic
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Scottish American English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Indian
Part of Sun
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish Gaelic
Surname.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Surface of the Earth
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American Welsh
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish American Welsh Scandinavian Scottish English
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Boy/Male
Irish
Surname.
Surname or Lastname
Probably an Americanized spelling of the Swiss German surname Bunz (see Bunce).English
Probably an Americanized spelling of the Swiss German surname Bunz (see Bunce).English : possibly a variant of Bunt.
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
Girl/Female
Muslim
Progress, Achievement
Girl/Female
Muslim
Elevated, Lofty, Incomparable
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Love
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Concerning Sword
Male
Italian
 Italian and Spanish form of Latin Anacletus, ANACLETO means "called back; invoked."
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada
Stainless
Male
Yiddish
(×ִיצִיק) Yiddish form of Hebrew Yitzchak, ITZIK means "he will laugh."Â
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Illuminated
Male
Greek
(ἘφÏαίμ) Greek form of Hebrew Ephrayim, EPHRAIM means "double-land; twin-land." In the bible, this is the name of the second son of Joseph.
Surname or Lastname
English (Kent)
English (Kent) : perhaps a variant of Treece.Altered spelling of German Treis, a topographic name for someone who lived by or owned an uncultivated piece of land used as pasture, from Middle Low German drīsch ‘fallow land’, or a habitational name from a place named with this word (in Hessian dialect treis), in Hesse or on the Mosel river. Alternatively, in some instances it may be from a short form of the personal name Andreas (see Andrew).
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
SURFACE COMBATANT
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Surface
imp. & p. p.
of Surface
n.
The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
n.
To throw out, or exhale, as from a furnace; also, to put into a furnace.
n.
Alt. of Serfdom
n.
Hence, outward or external appearance.
n.
An inclosed place in which heat is produced by the combustion of fuel, as for reducing ores or melting metals, for warming a house, for baking pottery, etc.; as, an iron furnace; a hot-air furnace; a glass furnace; a boiler furnace, etc.
v. t.
To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
n.
An instrument for gauging or testing a plane surface. See Surface gauge, under Surface.
v. t.
To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
a.
meeting a curve or surface at a point and having at that point the same direction as the curve or surface; -- said of a straight line, curve, or surface; as, a line tangent to a curve; a curve tangent to a surface; tangent surfaces.
n.
A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
n.
That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
n.
A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.
a.
Having the surface smooth and polished; -- said of leaves, the surfaces of shells, etc.
v. t.
To name or call by an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname to.
n.
Surface; superficies; externality.
n.
Surface; body; substance.