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Study of decomposition and fossilization of organisms
Taphonomy is the study of how organisms decay and become fossilized or preserved in the paleontological record. The term taphonomy (from Greek táphos,
Taphonomy
Seven stages that occur after a human being dies
legal aspects. The term taphonomy from palaeontology applies to the fate of all kinds of remains of organisms. Forensic taphonomy is concerned with remains
Stages_of_human_death
Application of the science of anthropology in a legal setting
and its various subfields, including forensic archaeology and forensic taphonomy, in a legal setting. A forensic anthropologist can assist in the identification
Forensic_anthropology
Study of past life through fossils
behaviors. Taphonomy is the field of study of the process of fossilization and the processes that occur between burial and discovery. The term taphonomy was
Paleontology
1981 book by Charles Kimberlin Brain
Hunted? An Introduction to African Cave Taphonomy is a 1981 book by Charles Kimberlin Brain regarding the taphonomy of cave deposits in Africa. The book
The_Hunters_or_the_Hunted?
Soviet paleontologist, science-fiction author and social thinker
paleontologist, science-fiction author and social thinker. He founded taphonomy, the study of fossilization patterns. He was born in the village of Vyritsa
Ivan_Yefremov
Geologic formation in China
The Lantian Formation is a 150-meter-thick sequence of rocks deposited in Xiuning County, Anhui Province in southern China during a 90-million-year epoch
Lantian_Formation
Enigmatic agglutinating organism from the Ediacaran
Palaeopascichnus is an enigmatic form from the Ediacaran, consisting of a series of lobes. It was originally considered a trace fossil, but further research
Palaeopascichnus
Geological formation in Spain
The La Huérguina Formation (also known as the Calizas de La Huérguina Formation, La Huérguina Limestone Formation or as the Una Formation) is a geological
La_Huérguina_Formation
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Macrocollum is a genus of unaysaurid sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period (early Norian) in what is now Brazil. It is one
Macrocollum
Study of the decomposition and fossilization of eggs
Egg taphonomy is the study of the decomposition and fossilization of eggs. The processes of egg taphonomy begin when the egg either hatches or dies. Eggshell
Egg_taphonomy
Process of breaking down organic matter
The science which studies decomposition is generally referred to as taphonomy from the Greek word taphos, meaning 'tomb'. Decomposition will begin at
Decomposition
Fossil-bearing rock formation in the Canadian Rockies
lucida drawing. Once images have been acquired, the effects of decay and taphonomy must be accounted for before a correct anatomical reconstruction can be
Burgess_Shale
Extinct species of cnidarian
Auroralumina is an extinct genus of cnidarian from the late Ediacaran of Leicestershire. It is a monotypic genus, containing only Auroralumina attenboroughii
Auroralumina
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Oviraptor (/ˈoʊvɪræptər/; lit. 'egg thief') is a genus of oviraptorid dinosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period. The first remains
Oviraptor
Expulsion of fetus from the body of a dead pregnant woman
based on established research in the fields of biochemistry and forensic taphonomy, and further supported by observational research, that accounts for the
Coffin_birth
Sauropodomorph dinosaur
paradigm of public opinion. Since 1980 the taxonomy (relationships), taphonomy (how the animals became embedded and fossilised), biomechanics (how their
Plateosaurus
Species of colonial Ediacaran organism
Olgunia is an extinct genus of colonial, sponge-like organisms from the late Ediacaran of the Russia, and is the namesake of the family Olgunidae. It is
Olgunia
Extinct genus of soft-bodied sea animals
"The 'Tully Monster' is not a vertebrate: characters, convergence and taphonomy in Palaeozoic problematic animals". Palaeontology. 60 (2): 149–157. Bibcode:2017Palgy
Tullimonstrum
Extinct hominid from Miocene Africa
Sahelanthropus is an extinct genus of hominid dated to about 7 million years ago during the Late Miocene. The type species, Sahelanthropus tchadensis,
Sahelanthropus
Extinct genus of algae
discoidal fossil Aspidella preserved in limestones: Implications for its taphonomy and paleoecology". Geobiology. 15 (4): 572–587. Bibcode:2017Gbio...15
Mezenia
Extinct genus of reptiles
Soumyasaurus is a small silesaurid dinosauriform from the Late Triassic (Norian) Cooper Canyon Formation of western Texas. Soumyasaurus is named in honor
Soumyasaurus
Chemical compound
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite
Calcium_carbonate
Extinct genus of rodents
Josephoartigasia is an extinct genus of enormous dinomyid rodent from the Early Pliocene to Early Pleistocene of Uruguay. Its closest living relative is
Josephoartigasia
Genus of dinosaurs
top land predator in these islands. Much discussion revolved around the taphonomy of the German specimen, i.e. how the individual died and became fossilized
Compsognathus
Extinct genus of cephalopods
Klug, C.; Lehmkuhl, A. (2004). "Soft-tissue attachment structures and taphonomy of the Middle Triassic nautiloid Germanonautilus". Acta Palaeontologica
Germanonautilus
Analysis of animal remains found in archaeological sites
to which zooarchaeologists pay close attention is taphonomy. Techniques used in the study of taphonomy include researching how items are buried and deposited
Zooarchaeology
Geological formation in Italy and Switzerland
12021. ISSN 1365-3091. S2CID 129472649. Tintori, Andrea (1992). "Fish Taphonomy and Triassic Anoxic Basins from the Alps: A Case History". Rivista Italiana
Besano_Formation
1876 battle of the Great Sioux War
Context in Forensic Work". In Haglund, W.D.; Sorg, M.H. (eds.). Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 27–38
Battle_of_the_Little_Bighorn
Geological formation in Montana, United States and Alberta, Canada
Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 440. Varricchio, David J. (April 1995). "Taphonomy of Jack's Birthday Site, a diverse dinosaur bonebed from the Upper Cretaceous
Two_Medicine_Formation
Genus of animal discovered as an Australian fossil
Funisia is a genus of extinct, colonial sponge-like organisms from the late Ediacaran of South Australia and Canada. It is the most common genus within
Funisia
Dinosaur fossil in the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt
The Edmontosaurus mummy SMF R 4036, nicknamed the Senckenberg mummy or Edmond, is an exceptionally well-preserved dinosaur fossil in the collection of
Edmontosaurus mummy SMF R 4036
Edmontosaurus_mummy_SMF_R_4036
Time that has elapsed since a person has died
William (2001-07-30), "Advancing Forensic Taphonomy: Purpose, Theory, and Process", Advances in Forensic Taphonomy, CRC Press, pp. 3–29, doi:10.1201/9781420058352-3
Post-mortem_interval
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Charonosaurus (/kəˌroʊnəˈsɔːrəs/ kə-ROH-nə-SOR-əs; meaning "Charon's lizard") is a genus of lambeosaurine hadrosaurid dinosaur similar to Parasaurolophus
Charonosaurus
Extinct genus of early animals
Dickinsonia is a genus of extinct organism that lived during the late Ediacaran period in what is now Australia, China, Russia, Canada and Ukraine. It
Dickinsonia
Genus of reptiles (fossil)
Daemonosaurus is an extinct genus of possible theropod dinosaur from the Late Triassic of New Mexico. The only known fossil is a skull and neck fragments
Daemonosaurus
American geologist
vertebrates and invertebrates to understand paleoecology, paleoclimatology, and taphonomy of ancient terrestrial ecosystems. She is an associate profession in the
Celina_A._Suarez
Genus of a titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur
Paralititan (meaning "tidal giant") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived in present-day Egypt during the Late Cretaceous period. It was described
Paralititan
Extinct species of simple animal
The Ediacaran fossil Hallidaya, a close relative of Skinnera lived in Belomorian (559-550 Ma) of the Late Ediacaran period prior to the Cambrian explosion
Hallidaya
Extinct genus of nautiloids
Paleocadmus is a genus of nautiloid from the Mazon Creek biota of uncertain affinity (incertae sedis). Previously, it was only known by isolated radula
Paleocadmus
Extinct genus of dinosaur
Dreadnoughtus is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur containing a single species, Dreadnoughtus schrani. It is known from two partial skeletons
Dreadnoughtus
Miocene palaeontological locality in Chile
Cerro Ballena (meaning "Whale Hill") is a fossiliferous locality of the Bahía Inglesa Formation, located in the Atacama Desert along the Pan-American Highway
Cerro_Ballena
Process in which bodies break down
William D.; Sorg, Marcella H., eds. (2001-07-30). Advances in Forensic Taphonomy (0 ed.). CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9781420058352. ISBN 978-0-429-24903-7
Corpse_decomposition
Oval-shaped organism of unknown affinities
Mccandless, Heather K.; Droser, Mary L. (30 November 2024). "DECONSTRUCTING TAPHONOMY TO RECONSTRUCT THE MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE HABIT OF ATTENBORITES JANEAE AT
Attenborites
Extinct subspecies of Homo erectus
unpublished until 2010 (over 75 years later) and is of limited use now, so the taphonomy and geological age of Solo Man have been contentious matters. All 14 specimens
Solo_Man
Group of associated animal fossils found together in a given stratum
cultural activities in addition to ecological processes and natural taphonomy. Taphonomy is translated from Greek as "laws of burial" (taphos + nomos). From
Faunal_assemblage
Trace fossil
fossils are preserved remains controversial, and more research into the taphonomy of Arumberia and other Ediacarans is needed. List of Ediacaran organisms
Arumberia
Extinct genus of Ediacaran lifeform
Pambikalbae is a monospecific genus known from the Ediacaran Period (approximately 555 million years ago) of South Australia. Its morphology resembles
Pambikalbae
South African paleontologist (1931–2023)
was a South African paleontologist who studied and taught African cave taphonomy for more than fifty years. Brain was born in Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia
Charles_Kimberlin_Brain
Mortuary science Necrobiology Post-mortem chemistry Post-mortem photography Taphonomy Biostratinomy Thanatology Other Apparent death Chinese burial money Coins
Lists_of_unusual_deaths
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Segisaurus (meaning "Tsegi Canyon lizard") is a genus of small coelophysid theropod dinosaur, that measured approximately 1 metre (3.3 feet) in length
Segisaurus
Extinct genus of lizards
Prognathodon is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. It is classified as part of the Mosasaurinae subfamily, alongside genera
Prognathodon
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
arranged in a weakly sinuous curve, though this may be the result of taphonomy. As preserved, Neovenator's premaxilla has five alveoli (tooth sockets)
Neovenator
Rock formation in the western United States
J.T.; Peterson, F.; Turner, C.E. (2004). "Jurassic "savannah"-plant taphonomy and climate of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic, Western USA)" (PDF)
Morrison_Formation
Characteristic posture of dinosaur and bird fossils
Messelornis Sapeornis Scipionyx Camarasaurus Shenzhousaurus Dinosaurs portal Taphonomy "Dinosaurs | American Museum of Natural History". Archived from the original
Opisthotonic_death_pose
Lagerstätte Fossil site in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, U.S.
trilobites. Taphonomy is the study of how organisms decay and become fossilized or preserved in the paleontological record. The taphonomy of the Waukesha
Waukesha_Biota
times of major faunal turnovers. Martín-Perea et al. (2026) study the taphonomy of late Miocene mammalian assemblages from the Daidian and Dongmen sites
2026_in_paleomammalogy
Extinct genus of reptiles
Jun; Wang, Yanyin; Agyemang, Prince C. Owusu; Xu, Xing (2018-03-01). "Taphonomy, geological age, and paleobiogeography of lotosaurus adentus (archosauria:
Lotosaurus
Geologic formation in Uruguay
The Mangrullo Formation is an Early Permian (Artinskian) fossiliferous geological formation in northeastern Uruguay. Some authors alternatively group it
Mangrullo_Formation
Genus of Dinosaur (fossil)
1997 examined the geology at Tugriken Shireh providing insights into the taphonomy of Protoceratops. He agreed in that the preservation of Protoceratops
Protoceratops
Genus of Cambrian animals
March 2016. Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5):
Hallucigenia
Two-million-year-old hominin from the Cradle of Humankind
Australopithecus sediba is an extinct species of australopithecine recovered from Malapa Cave, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa. It is known from a partial
Australopithecus_sediba
Post-fieldwork activities, such as osteological analysis of bones' diagenesis and taphonomy, provide precious information about the formation of ancient burials.
Archaeothanatology
Paleontological dating technique
paleobiology, molecular paleontology, archaeology, forensic science, taphonomy, sedimentary geology and other fields. This technique relates changes
Amino_acid_dating
Genus of theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic
lizard-like animals, and several types of dinosaur. Welles outlined the taphonomy of the original specimens, changes that happened during their decay and
Dilophosaurus
Fossil Edmontosaurus annectens
Dakota (specimen NDGS 2000) is an exceptionally well-preserved dinosaur fossil assigned to Edmontosaurus. A dinosaur mummy, the specimen preserves soft
Dakota_(fossil)
Extinct genus of dinosaurs
Reisdorf and Wuttke, in 2012, provided an extensive discussion on the taphonomy of the Juravenator specimen, i.e. the events that lead to its death, transportation
Juravenator
Geologic formation in Mongolia
Paleoenvironments of Tugrikin-Shireh (Gobi Desert, Mongolia) and Aspects of the Taphonomy and Paleoecology of Protoceratops (Dinosauria: Ornithishichia)". PALAIOS
Djadochta_Formation
Genus of theropod dinosaurs
climate). Charig and Milner presented a possible scenario explaining the taphonomy (changes during decay and fossilisation) of the B. walkeri holotype specimen
Baryonyx
assistant, preparing Burgess Shale material. Caron completed his PhD on the taphonomy and palaeoecology of the Burgess Shale at the University of Toronto in
Jean-Bernard_Caron
Genus of bivalves
organic remains in the immediate environment to fossilize (one aspect of taphonomy). For example, in the Dinosaur Park Formation, the fossil remains of hadrosaur
Pisidium
Genus of proarticulate
1038/s41598-018-38448-9. PMC 6368556. Dzik, Jerzy; Martyshyn, Andrej (October 2015). "Taphonomy of the Ediacaran Podolimirus and associated dipleurozoans from the Vendian
Podolimirus
Genus of theropod dinosaurs from the late Triassic
Triassic animals, were buried together. Some of the evidence from the taphonomy of the site indicates that these animals may have been gathered together
Coelophysis
Extinct species of human
dinosaur egg clutches from lower Narmada valley, India: Palaeobiology and taphonomy". PLOS ONE. 18 (1) e0278242. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1878242D. doi:10.1371/journal
Narmada_Human
Norse seafarers, merchants and raiders
(2013). "Viking Age garden plants from southern Scandinavia – diversity, taphonomy and cultural aspect" (PDF). Danish Journal of Archaeology. Archived from
Vikings
Extinct family of temnospondyls
Rinehart, L.F.; Krainer, K.; Spielmann, J.A.; Heckert, A.B. (2010). "Taphonomy of the Lamy amphibian quarry: A Late Triassic bonebed in New Mexico, U
Metoposauridae
Fossil-bearing member
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. Paleoenvironments and taphonomy of Cambrian Lagerstätten. 277 (1): 86–105. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.02
Phyllopod_bed
Sauropod dinosaur genus from Early Jurassic India
Barapasaurus (/bəˌrɑːpəˈsɔːrəs/ bə-RAH-pə-SOR-əs) is a genus of basal sauropod dinosaur from Jurassic rocks of India. The only species is B. tagorei. Barapasaurus
Barapasaurus
Genus of theropod dinosaur
pits" in the 2010 article by Eberth and colleagues that examined the taphonomy of the specimens within them (changes that happened during their decay
Limusaurus
Order of insects including moths and butterflies
Silverchair. Sohn, JC., Labandeira, C.C. & Davis, D.R. The fossil record and taphonomy of butterflies and moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera): implications for evolutionary
Lepidoptera
Robotic vehicle for Mars surface exploration
that may have been habitable. The search for evidence of habitability, taphonomy (related to fossils), and organic carbon on Mars has become a primary
Mars_rover
First stage of death
Mortuary science Necrobiology Post-mortem chemistry Post-mortem photography Taphonomy Biostratinomy Thanatology Other Apparent death Chinese burial money Coins
Pallor_mortis
Larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian
Spain: ecomorphological reconstruction and the impact of ontogeny upon taphonomy". Lethaia. 43 (3): 290–306. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2009.00192.x. hdl:10261/141680
Tadpole
Series of Early Cambrian deposits in the Chiungchussu Formation in China
Michael; Luo, HuiLin; Zhao, FangChen; Liu, Qi (2010). "Biodiversity and taphonomy of the Early Cambrian Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan". Science China Earth
Maotianshan_Shales
Chemical compound
Szpak P (2011). "Fish bone chemistry and ultrastructure: implications for taphonomy and stable isotope analysis". Journal of Archaeological Science. 38 (12):
Proline
Hard structure of the mouth
Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015. Taphonomy: A Process Approach. Ronald E. Martin. Illustrated edition. Cambridge
Tooth
Extinct genus of primitive chordates
(1990). "Organic preservation of non-mineralizing organisms and the taphonomy of the Burgess Shale". Paleobiology. 16 (3): 272–286. Bibcode:1990Pbio
Pikaia
Large depression in western North America
Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Schmitt, Dave N. (Winter 1995). "The Taphonomy of Golden Eagle Prey Accumulations at Great Basin Roosts" (PDF). J. Ethnobiol
Great_Basin
Fourth stage of death
Mortuary science Necrobiology Post-mortem chemistry Post-mortem photography Taphonomy Biostratinomy Thanatology Other Apparent death Chinese burial money Coins
Rigor_mortis
Sudden death brought about by a strong emotional shock, such as fear
Mortuary science Necrobiology Post-mortem chemistry Post-mortem photography Taphonomy Biostratinomy Thanatology Other Apparent death Chinese burial money Coins
Voodoo_death
Geological unit located in eastern California and Nevada
The Poleta Formation is a geological unit known for the exceptional fossil preservation in the Indian Springs Lagerstätte, located in eastern California
Poleta_Formation
Geological formation in Argentina
"Late Triassic Environmental Evolution in Southwestern Pangea: Plant Taphonomy of the Ischigualasto Formation". PALAIOS. 23 (12): 778–795. Bibcode:2008Palai
Ischigualasto_Formation
Extinct genus of marine invertebrates
1080/00241160050150221. Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5):
Echmatocrinus
Permian biozone in South Africa
fluviolacustrine mudstones of Kotel'nich, Russia: stratigraphy, sedimentology, and taphonomy". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 319–320: 58–83. doi:10
Endothiodon_Assemblage_Zone
Vessel for dinosaur embryo development
Dinosaur eggs are the organic vessels in which a dinosaur embryo develops. When the first scientifically documented remains of non-avian dinosaurs were
Dinosaur_egg
Geologic formation in Canada
The Wynniatt Formation is a geologic formation in Nunavut, and is a part of the wider Shaler Supergroup. It preserves enigmatic fossils in a shallow marine
Wynniatt_Formation
Extinct genus of reptiles
Protoavis (meaning "first bird") is a problematic taxon known from fragmentary remains from Late Triassic Norian stage deposits near Post, Texas. The animal's
Protoavis
Extinct genus of comb jellies
Xanioascus canadensis Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5):
Ctenorhabdotus
Extinct species of dinosaur
Coelophysis? kayentakatae is an extinct species of coelophysoid theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 200–196 million years ago during the early part
Coelophysis?_kayentakatae
Genus of Ediacaran animals
Aspidella is also a homonym for the mushroom genus Saproamanita. Aspidella is an Ediacaran disk-shaped fossil of uncertain affinity. It is known from the
Aspidella
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
Boy/Male
Indian
Dervish
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia and Kent)
English (mainly East Anglia and Kent) : probably from a pet form of the personal name Robert.
Girl/Female
Indian, Malayalam
Eyes
Boy/Male
Christian, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu
Lord of Mind; Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Lord of Oceans; God of Blessings
Girl/Female
Indian
Speaks Good Words
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Loving
Boy/Male
Hindu
One with a bell around his neck, Another name of Lord Ayyappa
Male
English
Wise Guardian
Girl/Female
Muslim
Clean, Pure
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY
TAPHONOMY