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Academic analysis of texts
Textual scholarship (or textual studies) is an umbrella term for disciplines that deal with describing, transcribing, editing, or annotating texts and
Textual_scholarship
Identification of textual variants
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants,
Textual_criticism
Anglo-American literary critic (1941–2020)
was an American literary critic and the founder of the Society for Textual Scholarship. Greetham received his undergraduate degree from the University of
David Greetham (textual scholar)
David_Greetham_(textual_scholar)
Study of any Homeric topic, especially the Iliad and Odyssey
Homeric scholarship is the study of any Homeric topic, especially the two large surviving epics, the Iliad and Odyssey. It is currently part of the academic
Homeric_scholarship
Process of transforming text into a single canonical form
text and as a special case of machine translation. In the field of textual scholarship and the editing of historic texts, the term "normalization" implies
Text_normalization
Practice of editing or revising a text based on critical analysis
the Latin recensio ("review, analysis"). In textual criticism (as is the case with Biblical scholarship), the count noun recension is a family of manuscripts
Recension
American academic and digital humanist
Park and is known for his contributions to Romantic literature, textual scholarship, and digital humanities. Fraistat earned his Ph.D. in English from
Neil_Fraistat
American learned society
and manuscripts, maps, printing, the graphic arts, and bibliography and textual criticism. The society sponsors exhibitions, contests for student book
Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
Bibliographical_Society_of_the_University_of_Virginia
Study of language in historical sources
language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties
Philology
Prior version of a text under consideration
translation and its retroversion can be used as a witness for the purposes of textual criticism. This reconstructed Vorlage may stand on its own as the sole
Vorlage
Greek grammarian and scholar (c. 220 – c. 143 BC)
Hesiod, and the tragedians. He modified the system of the ancient Greek textual signs (semeia) and from some point on these signs were called Aristarchian
Aristarchus_of_Samothrace
Study of the Christian Bible
has implications on one's interpretation of text. Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned
Biblical_studies
founder and director of the Khyentse Center for Tibetan Buddhist Textual Scholarship (KC-TBTS), a research center within the Department of Indian and
Dorji_Wangchuk
https://www.beckettarchive.org/ "Textual Scholarship: Genetic Criticism". textualscholarship.org. "CTS - Centre for Textual Scholarship | Objectives". Archived
Genetic_editing
Greek-language version of the New Testament
Brooke Foss Westcott (1825–1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828–1892). Textual scholars use the abbreviations "WH" or "WHNU". It is a critical text, compiled
Westcott_and_Hort
Red text added for emphasis in a manuscript
Rubrication is the addition of text in red ink to a manuscript for emphasis. Practitioners of rubrication, so-called rubricators or rubrishers, were specialized
Rubrication
Item of metadata attached to a document
margins of books to enhance the understanding of later readers. Textual scholarship is a discipline that often uses the technique of annotation to describe
Annotation
critical principles and procedures is widely acknowledged by scholars today." Textual criticism Verbal plenary preservation Paolo Sacchi - The History of the
Apographa
Open-source web application for text analysis
Caro, W.; Mitello, L.; Marucci, A.R.; Lancia, L.; Sansoni, J. (2016). "Textual Analysis and Data Mining: An Interpreting Research on Nursing". Studies
Voyant_Tools
Academic study of the protocols of documents
(for document forensics related to criminal activity) Sigillography Textual scholarship "diplomatic". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed.). Oxford University
Diplomatics
Christian textual criticism theory
Christian textual criticism held by a minority of textual critics. This view sees the Byzantine text-type as the New Testament's most accurate textual tradition
Byzantine_priority_theory
Intellectual movement in medieval studies
for example, Joachim Bumke considered the history of transmission and textual criticism of courtly epics in the thirteenth century, while an influential
New philology (medieval studies)
New_philology_(medieval_studies)
Neue Schütz-Ausgabe (new Schütz edition) is a new critical edition of the complete works by composer Heinrich Schütz (full title in German: Heinrich Schütz:
Neue_Schütz-Ausgabe
Addition of non-authorial text
Patriarchs and the Sibylline Oracles.[citation needed] According to textual criticism scholarship, the New Testament contains two major later additions: Mark
Interpolation_(manuscripts)
American academic and textual scholar (born 1937)
W. Mellon Foundation. He served as president of the Society for Textual Scholarship from 1995 to 1997 and of the Society for Critical Exchange from 2005
Jerome_McGann
Scientific study of ancient manuscripts
Papyrology is the study of manuscripts of ancient literature, correspondence, legal archives, etc., preserved on portable media from antiquity, the most
Papyrology
17th-century Quran edition
The Hinckelmann edition is an Arabic edition of the Quran produced by the German Protestant theologian and Islamologist Abraham Hinckelmann in Hamburg
Hinckelmann_edition
German philologist and critic (1793–1851)
particularly noted for his foundational contributions to the field of textual criticism. Lachmann was born in Brunswick, in present-day Lower Saxony
Karl_Lachmann
Specialist term for a work that collates all known variants of a text
It is a work of textual criticism, whereby all variations and emendations are set side by side so that a reader can track how textual decisions have been
Variorum
Organized notations & citations regarding the history & content of a primary source work
A critical apparatus (Latin: apparatus criticus) in textual criticism of primary source material, is an organized system of notations to represent, in
Critical_apparatus
Aramaic Torah translation (c. 110 CE)
Targum Onkelos (or Onqelos; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תַּרְגּוּם אֻנְקְלוֹס, Targūm ’Unqəlōs) is the primary Jewish Aramaic targum ("translation") of
Targum_Onkelos
Editing of historic documents for publication
Historical sources Diplomatics Nachlass Text publication society Textual criticism Textual scholarship Cox, Richard J. (January 2015). "Lester J. Cappon and the
Documentary_editing
Process for reproducing text and images
universities as well. Universities were influenced in their "language of scholarship, libraries, curriculum, [and] pedagogy". Before the invention of the
Printing
A social edition is a form of textual scholarship that utilizes social media like Wikimedia or blogs to create annotated editions of texts. Crompton,
Social_edition
Collection of Irish legal texts
The Corpus Iuris Hibernici (cited as CIH) is a six-volume collection of the sources for the study of early Irish law (known as Brehon law) edited by D
Corpus_Iuris_Hibernici
Type of edition of classical music
intended mostly for use by scholars, along with performers who pursue scholarship as part of their preparation. In modern times, digital scans of the composer's
Urtext_edition
Categorization scheme for text revising
Levels of edit (or levels of editing) describes a cumulative or categorical scheme for revising text. Beginning as a tool to standardize communication
Levels_of_edit
Principle of textual criticism
difficult reading is stronger") is an important, internal criterion in textual criticism. When different manuscripts of a text conflict, this principle
Lectio_difficilior_potior
(2010-12-17). New Testament Textual Criticism:The Application of Thoroughgoing Principles: Essays on Manuscripts and Textual Variation. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-19436-6
Andreas_text-type
British theologian (born 1953)
Professor of Theology (2005–2017) and the Director of the Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing at the Department of Theology and Religion
David_C._Parker
Handwritten copy of a portion of the Bible
manuscripts is important because handwritten copies of books can contain errors. Textual criticism attempts to reconstruct the original text of books, especially
Biblical_manuscript
Biblical studies organization
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (German: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia
Institute for New Testament Textual Research
Institute_for_New_Testament_Textual_Research
American bibliographer (born 1934)
Greg and Fredson Bowers, who developed the theory of textual criticism, a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned
G._Thomas_Tanselle
A Hebrew Bible manuscript is a handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) made on papyrus, parchment, or paper, and written
List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts
List_of_Hebrew_Bible_manuscripts
Early Bibliical editorial material
& Sons. p. 64. Robert Waltz, Euthalian Apparatus, in: Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism Bruce M. Metzger & Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament:
Euthalian_Apparatus
University of Virginia laboratory
collations for scholarly use in textual criticism. It was developed by ARP at the University of Virginia under the direction of textual theorist Jerome McGann
Applied Research in Patacriticism
Applied_Research_in_Patacriticism
Broken piece of pottery with inscription
An ostracon (Greek: ὄστρακον ostrakon, plural ὄστρακα ostraka) is a piece of pottery, usually broken off from a vase or other earthenware vessel. In an
Ostracon
Online tool for annotating text
is frequently used in digital literary analysis and other digital textual scholarship in the humanities. It was developed by researchers at the University
CATMA
List of famous manuscripts
This is a list of famous manuscripts. Carte Manuscripts Codex Nuttall 16th century, Mixtec Red Book of Hergest 14th about century, Welsh Voynich manuscript
List_of_manuscripts
Whether Jesus was a historical figure
The historicity of Jesus is the debate "on the fringes of scholarship" and in popular culture regarding whether Jesus historically existed or was a purely
Historicity_of_Jesus
corrupt, contaminated, nonsensical or illegible textual fragment. Conjecture is one of the techniques of textual criticism used by philologists while commenting
Conjecture (textual criticism)
Conjecture_(textual_criticism)
French online spelling and grammar checker
BonPatron is a French online spelling and grammar checker, developed by Nadaclair Language Technologies. The site includes guides for grammar, vocabulary
BonPatron
Roll of papyrus, parchment, or paper
A scroll (from Old French: escroe or escroue), also known as a roll, is a roll of papyrus, parchment, or paper containing writing. A scroll is usually
Scroll
Aspect of ancient Roman culture
In archaeological terms, graffiti (plural of graffito) are marks, images or writing scratched or engraved into a surface. There have been numerous examples
Roman_graffiti
Principle in textual criticism
shorter reading is stronger") is one of the principles in textual criticism, especially biblical textual criticism. The principle is based on a view that scribes
Lectio_brevior
German classical philologist (1848–1931)
Ancient Greece, Wilamowitz took a stance against traditional methodology and textual criticism. As a representative of Postclassicism, he concentrated less
Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
Ulrich_von_Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
Digital collection of published works
Alive: The Future of Scholarship, Pedagogy, and Electronic Publication about how databases including ECCO have impacted scholarship Official website Digital
Eighteenth Century Collections Online
Eighteenth_Century_Collections_Online
Writing or drawing surface
A writing material, also called a writing medium, is a surface that can be written on with suitable instruments, or used for symbolic or representational
Writing_material
Manuscript in which the text is supplemented by decoration
from Spain, near to Muslim paper manufacturing centres in Al-Andalus. Textual manuscripts on paper become increasingly common, but the more expensive
Illuminated_manuscript
Stage in the writing process
Revision is a process in writing of rearranging, adding, or removing paragraphs, sentences, or words. Writers may revise their writing after a draft is
Revision_(writing)
Critical edition of the Greek New Testament
Parallel Pericopes, ISBN 978-3-438-05608-5 Parker, David C. (2012). Textual Scholarship and the Making of the New Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Editio_Critica_Maior
3rd century BC Greek grammarian
alphabetization make an appearance. Alexandrine grammarians Homeric scholarship There appear to have been at least two other grammarians of the same
Zenodotus
Russian bibliographer and ethnographer
Andrei Ivanovich Bogdanov (Russian: Андрей Иванович Богданов; 1692 – September 11, 1766) was one of the first Russian bibliographers, and ethnographers
Andrei_Ivanovich_Bogdanov
Nonfiction book by Henry Jenkens
Textual Poachers: Television Fans & Participatory Culture is a nonfiction book of academic scholarship written in 1992 by television and media studies
Textual_Poachers
The Recueil des inscriptions gauloises (RIG) is a comprehensive collection of Gaulish-language inscriptions. The RIG gives archaeological context, readings
Recueil des inscriptions gauloises
Recueil_des_inscriptions_gauloises
1910 book by Henry Herbert Armstrong
Autobiographic Elements in Latin Inscriptions is a 1910 book by Henry Herbert Armstrong, published by The MacMillan Company. The book is an academic text
Autobiographic Elements in Latin Inscriptions
Autobiographic_Elements_in_Latin_Inscriptions
German classical philologist and epigrapher (1826–1908)
Johann Wilhelm Adolf Kirchhoff (6 January 1826 – 26 February 1908) was a German classical scholar and epigraphist. The son of historical painter Johann
Adolf_Kirchhoff
Classical Chinese as well as a standard edition for East Asian Buddhist scholarship. It is currently kept in the Haeinsa. A printing office was established
History of printing in East Asia
History_of_printing_in_East_Asia
American scholar and editor
of Melville's works by using techniques of textual criticism. G. Thomas Tanselle surveyed the scholarship about Herman Melville over the twentieth century
Harrison_M._Hayford
Plica (from Latin plica, meaning fold) is a term used in sigillography and related archival contexts for a reinforcement of the lower edge of a charter
Plica_(sigillography)
Series of materials relating to the paleo-Hispanic languages
Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum (Latin for "Records of the Hispanic Languages") is a series which compiles material relating to the paleo-Hispanic languages
Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum
Monumenta_Linguarum_Hispanicarum
Non-destructive method of accessing scrolls
Virtual unfolding, also known as virtual unrolling, virtual unwrapping, or virtual unravelling, is a non-destructive method of unrolling and reading damaged
Virtual_unfolding
Reused manuscript with visible prior text
In textual studies, a palimpsest (/ˈpælɪmpsɛst/) is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed
Palimpsest
New Testament text type
In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian
Byzantine_text-type
Person who writes or copies manuscripts
Kornicki, "Keeping Knowledge Secret in Edo-Period Japan (1600–1868)," Textual Cultures 14:1 (2021), p. 3-18. Kornicki, "Manuscript, Not Print," pp. 25–26
Scribe
American imprints, 1801–1846
Shaw and Shoemaker is the short name for a bibliography of early American imprints that was created by Ralph R. Shaw and Richard H. Shoemaker. Their series
Shaw and Shoemaker (bibliography)
Shaw_and_Shoemaker_(bibliography)
South African-born professor
Peter D. McDonald (born 1964) is a Fellow of St. Hugh's College and Professor of English and Related Literature at the University of Oxford. He was born
Peter_D._McDonald
Finnish classical scholar and historian (1918–1987)
Jaakko Suolahti (18 January 1918 – 28 January 1987) was a Finnish classical scholar and historian Suolahti was one of the leading classicists during his
Jaakko_Suolahti
Study of codices or manuscript books
manuscript booksPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Textual scholarship – Academic analysis of texts "codicology". Oxford English Dictionary
Codicology
Writing material made from a reed-like plant
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of
Papyrus
19th-century Quranic edition
being, this allowed for consistency in the use of a reliable text and in textual citation according to the verse numbering used by Flügel. This remained
Flügel_edition
seals were also used for printing on pottery. In the Northern dynasties textual sources contain references to wooden seals with up to 120 characters. The
History_of_printing
Scholarly and critical study of documents of the Papacy
Papal diplomatics is the scholarly and critical study (diplomatics) of the authentic documents of the papacy, largely to distinguish them from spurious
Papal_diplomatics
Organized listing of books and the systematic description of them as objects
targets Style guide – Standard for writing and design of documents Textual scholarship – Academic analysis of texts The first use of the word "webliography"
Bibliography
Document written by hand
A manuscript was, traditionally, any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in an indirect or automated
Manuscript
German classical philologist and epigrapher (1840–1906)
Wilhelm (William) Dittenberger (August 31, 1840 in Heidelberg – December 29, 1906 in Halle (Saale)) was a German philologist in classical epigraphy. Wilhelm
Wilhelm_Dittenberger
Areas historically influenced by Chinese culture
reproduction remained important until the late 19th century. Japan's textual scholarship had Chinese origins, which made Japan one of the birthplaces of modern
Sinosphere
First printed edition of a work that was previously only in manuscripts
In textual and classical scholarship, the editio princeps (Latin for first edition; plural: editiones principes) of a work is the first printed edition
Editio_princeps
American bibliographer
English literature, bibliography, textual criticism and scholarly editing. He has observed: "Although bibliography, textual criticism, and book history are
David_L._Vander_Meulen
Spanish Discalced Carmelite writer and historian
to the early textual transmission of John of the Cross. José Vicente Rodríguez considered Quiroga especially important for the textual history of the
José_de_Jesús_María_Quiroga
Writing material made from animal skins
Parchment is a writing material made from specially prepared untanned skins of animals—primarily sheep, calves and goats. It has been used as a writing
Parchment
German biblical textual critic (1745–1812)
Jakob Griesbach (4 January 1745 – 24 March 1812) was a German biblical textual critic. Griesbach's fame rests upon his work in New Testament criticism
Johann_Jakob_Griesbach
List of pre-modern handwritten books
This is a list of notable codices. For the purposes of this compilation, as in philology, a "codex" is a manuscript book published from the late Antiquity
List_of_codices
Manuscripts of Vetus Latina versions of the Bible
Archabbey. VetusLatina.org (in English) — edited by Hugh AG Houghton, Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing, University of Birmingham.
Vetus_Latina_manuscripts
Collection of ancient Latin inscriptions
The Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL) is a comprehensive collection of ancient Latin inscriptions. It forms an authoritative source for documenting
Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum
This is a list of Near Eastern scribes. Besides the common clay tablet used in Mesopotamia, cylinder seals, stelas, reliefs, etc. are other commonly used
List of ancient Near Eastern scribes
List_of_ancient_Near_Eastern_scribes
New Testament edition
ISBN 978-1481917650. Stanojević, Jovan (2021). Orthodox New Testament textual scholarship: Antoniades, lectionaries, and the Catholic epistles. Texts and Studies
Patriarchal_text
Old Norse scholar and YouTuber
readers primarily interested in mythology rather than poetry or textual scholarship. The translated poems are rendered in free verse. In 2017 he published
Jackson_Crawford
Study of inscriptions
Epigraphy (from Ancient Greek ἐπιγραφή (epigraphḗ) 'inscription') is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying
Epigraphy
Ancient Gandhāran Buddhist manuscript
cases using both modern preservation techniques and more traditional textual scholarship, comparing previously known Pāli and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit versions
Gandhāran_Buddhist_texts
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP
TEXTUAL SCHOLARSHIP