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Pair of NASA landers and orbiters sent to Mars in 1976
The Viking program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, Viking 1 and Viking 2 both launched in 1975, and landed on Mars in 1976. The
Viking_program
Robotic spacecraft sent to Mars
part of NASA's Viking program. The lander touched down on Mars on July 20, 1976, the first successful Mars lander in history. Viking 1 operated on Mars for
Viking_1
Space orbiter and lander sent to Mars
The Viking 2 mission was part of the American Viking program to Mars, and consisted of an orbiter and a lander essentially identical to that of the Viking
Viking_2
Norse seafarers, merchants and raiders
life, producing expressions like Viking age, Viking culture, Viking art, Viking religion, Viking ship and so on. The Viking Age in Scandinavian history is
Vikings
Topics referred to by the same term
up Viking in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The Vikings were seafaring Scandinavians. Viking or Vikings may also refer to: Viking (comics) Vikings #1
Viking_(disambiguation)
NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters, each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976. Viking 1 remained operational
Exploration_of_Mars
NASA space program from 1962 to 1973
NASA/JPL space probe programs. The planned Mariner Jupiter-Saturn vehicles were adapted into the Voyager program, while the Viking program orbiters were enlarged
Mariner_program
Former Canadian aircraft manufacturer
Viking Air Ltd. was an operator and manufacturer of aircraft, as well as aircraft parts and systems, based at Victoria International Airport in North Saanich
Viking_Air
Mars life detection experiments
identical Viking program landers each carried four types of biological experiments to the surface of Mars. The first successful Mars landers, Viking 1 and
Viking lander biological experiments
Viking_lander_biological_experiments
Science concerned with life in the universe
the 1960s and 1970s, NASA began its astrobiology pursuits within the Viking program, which was the first US mission to land on Mars and search for signs
Astrobiology
Landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars
soft-landing using current technology are as follows: Beginning with the Viking program, all landers on the surface of Mars have used orbiting spacecraft as
Mars_landing
The Vikings, a radio program offering vocal renditions and light music, was broadcast by NBC during the late 1920s and early 1930s. The series starred
The_Vikings_(radio_program)
Calendar year
July 19 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created. July 20 Viking program: The Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars. American criminal Gary Gilmore
1976
extraterrestrial Martians. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Mariner program and the Viking program revealed new scientific details about Mars that showed little
List_of_films_set_on_Mars
Planned series of uncrewed NASA probes to the planet Mars
Voyager Mars program was eventually carried out by NASA's Viking program in the mid-1970s. Cheaper and simpler than the Voyager Mars program (using the
Voyager_program_(Mars)
Martin Jr. (June 21, 1920 – April 14, 2002) was project manager for the Viking program. Martin was born in Washington, D.C., on June 21, 1920. He earned a
James_Slattin_Martin_Jr.
Animated television series
Vicky the Viking, known as Wickie und die starken Männer (listen) in Germany and Austria and Chiisana Viking Bikke (小さなバイキング ビッケ) in Japan, is a German-Japanese
Vicky_the_Viking
American engineer (1924–2021)
engineer, the founder of Biospherics and the principal investigator of the Viking mission Labeled Release experiment. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland,
Gilbert_Levin
American journalist (born 1956)
University, worked at the NASA/Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory on the Viking program. Chaikin, Andrew L.; Maxwell, Ted A.; El-Baz, Farouk (January 1981)
Andrew_Chaikin
Planetary and atmospheric scientist; studies the atmospheres of Earth and Mars
chair and speaker at the Viking 40th Anniversary Science Symposium, a conference celebrating the impact of the Viking Program 40 years after first landing
Joel_S._Levine
Carrier-based anti-submarine and aerial refueling aircraft
The Lockheed S-3 Viking is a four-crew, twin-engine turbofan-powered subsonic anti-submarine jet aircraft designed and produced by the American aerospace
Lockheed_S-3_Viking
American manufacturing company
family) Atlas I Atlas II Magellan (spacecraft) Mars Polar Lander Viking program Viking 1 Viking 2 Wind (spacecraft) Lacrosse (satellite) Martin Marietta Model
Martin_Marietta
information. Data-based climate studies started in earnest with the Viking program landers in 1975 and continue with such probes as the Mars Reconnaissance
Climate_of_Mars
Pressure exerted upon any surface exposed to electromagnetic radiation
the effects of the Sun's radiation pressure on the spacecraft of the Viking program been ignored, the spacecraft would have missed Mars orbit by about 15
Radiation_pressure
Intercollegiate sports teams of Portland State University
Big Sky Conference since 1996. Along with the other Big Sky football programs, Viking football takes-part in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision
Portland_State_Vikings
American aerospace engineer and executive (born 1938)
1982. He was mission director of NASA's Viking program Mars landing program and director of the Planetary Program at NASA Headquarters. In 1977, he received
A._Thomas_Young
National Football League franchise in Minneapolis, Minnesota
The Minnesota Vikings are a professional American football team based in Minneapolis. The Vikings compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member
Minnesota_Vikings
the mid- to late-1970s, Soffen was project scientist for the NASA's Viking program of Mars landers, the first successful missions to perform unmanned experiments
Gerald_Soffen
Study of past and present water on Mars
deposition. The findings from the Mariner 9 missions underpinned the later Viking program. The enormous Valles Marineris canyon system is named after Mariner
Water_on_Mars
Assessments of possible life on Mars
on Mars. The Viking program data indicate that oxidants on Mars may vary with latitude, noting that Viking 2 saw fewer oxidants than Viking 1 in its more
Life_on_Mars
Microwave radio frequency band from 8–12 GHz
came with the two Viking program landers. When the planet Mars was passing near or behind the Sun, as seen from the Earth, a Viking lander would transmit
X_band
elliptical orbit around the Sun. The Viking program consisted of a pair of American space probes sent to Mars—Viking 1 and Viking 2. Each vehicle was composed
List of uncrewed NASA missions
List_of_uncrewed_NASA_missions
Canadian-Irish historical drama television series
Vikings is a historical drama television series created and written by Michael Hirst. A co-production between Canada and Ireland, the series originally
Vikings_(TV_series)
Dedicated aerial fire fighting airplane
Aircraft Program to Viking Air Limited" (Press release). Bombardier. 20 June 2016. "Viking Air Limited Acquires Worldwide CL-415 Waterbomber Program from
Canadair_CL-415
American sounding rockets, 1949 to 1955
Viking was a series of twelve sounding rockets designed and built by the Glenn L. Martin Company under the direction of the US Naval Research Laboratory
Viking_(rocket)
American intercollegiate football team
The Portland State Vikings football program is the intercollegiate American football team for the Portland State University located in the U.S. state of
Portland State Vikings football
Portland_State_Vikings_football
surface. The findings from the Mariner 9 mission underpinned the later Viking program, which examined many of these features in greater detail. The Valles
Chronology of discoveries of water on Mars
Chronology_of_discoveries_of_water_on_Mars
Canadian aircraft manufacturer
Havilland type certificates, Viking Air also acquired the Canadair CL-415 program in October 2018. In November 2018, Viking Air parent Longview Aviation
De_Havilland_Canada
Swiss cruise line
Viking (formerly Viking Cruises) is a cruise line providing river, ocean, and expedition cruises. Its operating headquarters are in Basel, Switzerland
Viking_(cruise_line)
Colorless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odor
used in terminal descent of spacecraft. Such engines were used on the Viking program landers in the 1970s as well as the Mars landers Phoenix (May 2008)
Hydrazine
quarry-owner's son and two accomplices are arrested for the crime. July 20 Viking program: The Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars, taking the first close-up
1976_in_the_United_States
20 – Viking program: The Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars. July 31 – NASA releases the famous 'Face on Mars' photograph, taken by Viking 1 August
1976_in_science
Head of the US independent space agency
responsible for beginning the Space Shuttle effort, as well as the Viking program that sent landers to Mars. He oversaw the Skylab missions and approved
Administrator_of_NASA
2005 Japanese TV series or program
Viking: The Ultimate Obstacle Course (海筋肉王 ～バイキング～, Kaikinnikuō ~Baikingu~; literally Sea Muscle King Viking), sometimes abbreviated to Viking: TUOC, is
Viking: The Ultimate Obstacle Course
Viking:_The_Ultimate_Obstacle_Course
Planitia on Mars
river valleys discovered in Chryse Planitia by the Viking Orbiters, as part of the Viking program, provided strong evidence for a great deal of running
Chryse_Planitia
List of space missions by NASA
failed Mariner 9, launched May 1971, completed Viking program Viking 1, launched August 1975, completed Viking 2, launched September 1975, completed Mars
List_of_NASA_missions
2009 studio album by The Mercury Program
Chez Viking is the fourth studio album by American post-rock band The Mercury Program, released in 2009 on Lovitt Records; seven years after their previous
Chez_Viking
manager in the US space program between the end of World War II and the early days of the Apollo Program. He led development of the Viking and Vanguard rockets
Milton_Rosen
Variant of magnetic-core computer memory
It was used in the UNIVAC 1110 and UNIVAC 9000 series computers, the Viking program that sent landers to Mars, the Voyager space probes, a prototype guidance
Plated-wire_memory
2013 French TV series or program
Vic the Viking is a children's animated television series, which premiered in 2013 on Network Ten on 4 July, and continued on Eleven on 5 October. It is
Vic_the_Viking
Utility transport aircraft family by de Havilland Canada
production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2006, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before
De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-6_Twin_Otter
2013 video game
Volgarr the Viking (stylized as Völgarr the Viking) is a platform game developed by Crazy Viking Studios. Inspired by side-scrolling platform games from
Volgarr_the_Viking
Research center at the University of Colorado
high-profile missions like TOPEX/Poseidon, Seasat, Mariner 9 and the Viking program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory during the 1970s. Colorado Center for
Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research
Colorado_Center_for_Astrodynamics_Research
Analytical method
Several GC–MS systems have left earth. Two were brought to Mars by the Viking program. Venera 11 and 12 and Pioneer Venus analysed the atmosphere of Venus
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Gas_chromatography–mass_spectrometry
Chinese military initiative
anti-satellite (ASAT) program has been under development since 1964. The ASAT program has since been moved from Program 640 to Program 863, the General Armaments
ASAT_program_of_China
Snow-free valleys in Antarctica
the Valleys as a testing ground for analog-based studies since NASA's Viking Program in the 1970s. In 1985, the first continuously operating meteorological
McMurdo_Dry_Valleys
1991 video game
Prophecy I: The Viking Child (shortened to Viking Child on some systems) is an action video game released by Imagitec Design Limited for the Atari ST
Viking_Child
Quadrangle map of Mars
west longitude and 0° to 30° north latitude on Mars. The Viking 1 Lander (part of Viking program) landed in the quadrangle on July 20, 1976, at 22°24′N
Lunae_Palus_quadrangle
International scholarship organization
growing to over 300 Vikings worldwide, with members representing every industry and profession. The results of the Viking Programs will prove to be far
Brittingham Viking Organization
Brittingham_Viking_Organization
NASA federally funded research and development center
Surveyor program SWOT Venus Synthetic Aperture Radar VERITAS Viking program Voyager program (Voyager 1 and Voyager 2) Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2
Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory
Observatory
available in a two-volume technical report from JPL. The Viking program, mainly Viking 1 and Viking 2, forced some innovation to be done with respect to high
History of the Deep Space Network
History_of_the_Deep_Space_Network
Entry into the atmosphere of Mars
include isotensoid, tension cone, and stacked toroid blunted cone. Viking Program era researchers were the true pioneers of this technology, and development
Mars_atmospheric_entry
Soviet Mars rover launched in 1971
had an algorithm to overcome obstacles: when it approached one, it was programmed to reverse and "use the skids on alternate sides to walk around the obstacle"
PrOP-M
Seismic event occurring on Mars
with the Viking program with two landers, Viking 1 & 2 in 1976, with seismometers mounted on top of the lander. The seismometer on the Viking 1 lander
Marsquake
Maritime history museum, archaeological museum in Roskilde , Denmark
The Viking Ship Museum (Danish: Vikingeskibsmuseet) in Roskilde is Denmark's national ship museum for ships of the prehistoric and medieval period. The
Viking_Ship_Museum_(Roskilde)
Hypothetical Mars Mission
orbiter back to Earth. The mission was first proposed in 2012. The Viking program to Mars was the only mission to date that conducted life-detection experiments
Biological Oxidant and Life Detection
Biological_Oxidant_and_Life_Detection
English scientist (1919–2022)
analysis of extraterrestrial atmospheres and planetary surfaces. The Viking program, which visited Mars in the late 1970s, was motivated in part to determine
James_Lovelock
NASA rover exploring Mars since 2012
lander (2018–2022) Life on Mars – Assessments of possible life on Mars Viking program – Pair of NASA landers and orbiters sent to Mars in 1976 Timeline of
Curiosity_(rover)
Day of the year
Pakistan Army. 1973 – Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched. 1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo. 1978 – Puerto Rican police
July_25
German government program
French space program British space programme – Official efforts to develop space capabilities Chinese space program Soviet space program – Space exploration
German_space_programme
Specific type of impact crater
take a large impact to reach the ice level. Based on images from the Viking program in the 1970s, it is generally accepted that rampart craters are evidence
Rampart_crater
College football team
Western Washington Vikings program represented Western Washington University in college football at the NCAA Division II level. The Vikings were members of
Western Washington Vikings football
Western_Washington_Vikings_football
City in Arizona, United States
and developer of one of the life on Mars experiments, as part of the Viking program. Owned a winter home in Estrella, Goodyear. Rick Manning, former MLB
Goodyear,_Arizona
American computer scientist
NASA Viking program flight team when the Viking spacecraft landed on Mars in 1976, and wrote the data management system, MFILE, for the Viking lander
Wayne_Ratliff
College football team
(NAIA). The Vikings have fielded a team since 1909. The program plays home games at Lokken Stadium in Valley City, North Dakota. The program is led by head
Valley City State Vikings football
Valley_City_State_Vikings_football
Rocket launch site in Florida, US
(setting a proximity record only broken by the Parker Solar Probe), the two Viking probes sent to orbit and land on Mars, and the two Voyager spacecraft that
Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 41
Cape_Canaveral_Space_Launch_Complex_41
Day of the year
of the World Trade Center 1,368 feet (417 m) in the air. 1976 – Viking program: Viking 2 enters orbit around Mars. 1978 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter declares
August_7
Topics referred to by the same term
preacher James Slattin Martin Jr. (1920–2002), project manager for the Viking program James Martin (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles
James_S._Martin
Knowledge preservation project
the Moon. Time capsule List of time capsules Voyager Golden Record Viking program Rosetta Project Knowledge ark Nova Spivack (September 2, 2015). "Let's
Arch_Mission_Foundation
American journalist and television anchor
News Association of Southern California for a documentary on NASA's Viking program, titled "The Flight to Mars." In 2000, CSUN honored him with its Distinguished
Bill_Griffeth
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which landed the first humans on the Moon
Apollo_program
2014 video game
Steam's Early Access program. The game's reception was mixed with a 62 rating on Metacritic. "War of the Vikings website". War of the Vikings. Paradox Interactive
War_of_the_Vikings
American writer (1968–2022)
Conway (Hyperion, 1998) Self-Made Man (Viking Adult, 2006) Voluntary Madness (Viking Adult, 2008) Thy Neighbor (Viking Adult, 2012) Adeline: A Novel of Virginia
Norah_Vincent
2022 Canadian film
Viking is a 2022 Canadian comedy film, directed by Stéphane Lafleur. The film centres on a group of people who are working as a "B team" to reenact the
Viking_(2022_film)
Shell which protects a spacecraft during atmospheric reentry
the parachute was deployed. The Voyager program was later canceled, replaced by the much smaller Viking program several years later. NASA reused the Voyager
Aeroshell
TV series or program
Viking Apocalypse is a TV program on the National Geographic Channel. The show examines the Ridgeway Hill Viking burial pit in Weymouth, UK, a site of
Viking_Apocalypse
United States federal law
and goals of China's space program and strongly oppose any cooperation between NASA and CNSA's human space flight programs without Congressional authorization
Wolf_Amendment
US nonprofit spaceflight advocacy organization
In 2014, the National Space Society launched the Enterprise In Space program in order to ignite interest in space and science, technology, engineering
National_Space_Society
Historic military launch site at Cape Canaveral
this, the two spacecraft of the Viking program launched from LC-41 for Mars in the summer of 1975, during which Viking 1 became the first spacecraft to
Integrate-Transfer-Launch Complex
Integrate-Transfer-Launch_Complex
Former NASA Mars rover, active from 2004 to 2010
rover Scientific information from the Mars Exploration Rover mission Viking program List of software bugs related to space exploration Comparison of embedded
Spirit_(rover)
Type of spacecraft
vehicle and a lander. Viking 1 landed in July 1976 Viking 2 in September 1976. The Viking program rovers were the first successful, functioning Mars landers
Lander_(spacecraft)
Australian rugby union team
Championship (NRC) until 2019. The team was based at Viking Park in Wanniassa, and is backed by the Tuggeranong Vikings Group as the licence holder, with the Brumbies
Canberra_Vikings
Overview of and topical guide to Mars
Mariner 6 and 7 Mariner 8 Mariner 9 Zond program Zond 2 Viking program Viking 1 Viking 2 Phobos program Mars Observer Mars Pathfinder Sojourner Mars Global
Outline_of_Mars
U.S. research organization
Mountain View, California. Gerald Soffen former Project Scientist with the Viking program, helped coordinate the new institute. In May, NASA selected eleven science
NASA_Astrobiology_Institute
Day of the year
overnight. 1971 – Qatar becomes an independent state. 1976 – Viking program: The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars. 1978 – During
September_3
Inter-governmental forum
In March 2020, the organization has developed recommendations that each program or project establish and document a feasible Space Debris Mitigation Plan
Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee
Inter-Agency_Space_Debris_Coordination_Committee
[when?] NRL reports from the Viking program were diagramming ground-based tracking interferometers, which relieved the Viking of the burden of signal-processing
AZUSA
Calendar year
Jesus establishes God's Kingdom on Earth. August 20 – Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars. August 24 – Officers responsible
1975
Canceled NASA Mars rover concept
funding cuts. The rover could have been the first mission since the Viking program landers of the 1970s to specifically look for the chemistry associated
Astrobiology_Field_Laboratory
Gas layer surrounding Mars
jars", were developed for this purpose. In 1976, two landers of the Viking program provided the first ever in-situ measurements of the composition of the
Atmosphere_of_Mars
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
Male
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, "king," from Old English cyning, probably KING means "family, race."
Girl/Female
Indian, Malayalam
Forest
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
A Bird
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly from Middle English Old French personal name Pic (see Pike 6) + the diminutive suffix -in.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil
One who Recites
Girl/Female
Hindu
Celestial Apsara
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Jungle; Forest
Boy/Male
Indian
Brave Warrior; Hero
Male
Hindi/Indian
(विपिन) Hindi name VIPIN means "forest."
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Strong Body
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name for someone from a place called Fyning in Rogate in Sussex.
Boy/Male
Norse
Father of Thord.
Boy/Male
Indian, Modern
Luck; Winner; Intelligent; King
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
Of whom the Brave are Born; A Mother of Sons
Girl/Female
Arabic
Tranquility; Devout
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Dedicated
Female
Chinese
white jasmine tinkling.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Reading 2.
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Alsop.
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic, Australian, Indian, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
Protector; Preserver; Responsible Caretaker
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Amery.
Girl/Female
Indian
Very quit, Holding wealth
Boy/Male
French, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Wrist
Girl/Female
Tamil
The earth
Boy/Male
French, German, Latin
Much Loved
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Comfort; Repose; Strong Person
Boy/Male
English American
Famed; bright; shining. Form of Robert popular since the medieval days of Robin Hood. Robinson:...
Boy/Male
English
Dusty Place; Diminutive of Dustin
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
VIKING PROGRAM
n.
An exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying, etc.; as, the airing of linen, or of a room.
a.
That dives or is used or diving.
n.
That which establishes or places in a desirable state or condition; the material of which something may be made; as, early misfortune was the making of him.
n.
The process of fining or refining; clarification; also (Metal.), the conversion of cast iron into suitable for puddling, in a hearth or charcoal fire.
n.
The state of being pleasing; a suiting. See On liking, below.
n.
The act of hiding or concealing, or of withholding from view or knowledge; concealment.
p. a.
Looking; appearing; as, better or worse liking. See Like, to look.
v. i.
The act or business of making mines or of working them.
n.
The act of one who lines; the act or process of making lines, or of inserting a lining.
n.
The quantity baked at once; a batch; as, a baking of bread.
n.
A fragment or particle rubbed off by the act of filing; as, iron filings.
n.
One belonging to the pirate crews from among the Northmen, who plundered the coasts of Europe in the eighth, ninth, and tenth centuries.
n.
Power of continuing life; the act of living, or living comfortably.
n.
Manner of life; as, riotous living; penurious living; earnest living.
n.
The state of being pleased with, or attracted toward, some thing or person; hence, inclination; desire; pleasure; preference; -- often with for, formerly with to; as, it is an amusement I have no liking for.
n.
The act of one who makes; workmanship; fabrication; construction; as, this is cloth of your own making; the making of peace or war was in his power.
a.
Of or pertaining to mines; as, mining engineer; mining machinery; a mining region.
v. t.
Small coal produced in making the nicking.
a.
Affording profitable returns; lucrative; as, a money-making business.
n.
The act or process of making fixed.