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ARAMAIC URUK-INCANTATION

Aramaic Uruk incantation

The Aramaic Uruk incantation acquired 1913 by the Louvre, Paris and stored there under AO 6489 is a linguistically unique Aramaic text written in Late

Aramaic Uruk incantation

Aramaic_Uruk_incantation

Uruk

Ancient city of Sumer and Babylonia

holds a unique cuneiform tablet in Aramaic known as the Aramaic Uruk incantation. The last dated cuneiform tablet from Uruk was W22340a, an astronomical almanac

Uruk

Mandaic language

Language of the Mandaean religion and community

Christopher Walker apud Jehudah B. Segal, Catalogue of the Aramaic and Mandaic Incantation Bowls in the British Museum (London: British Museum Press,

Mandaic language

Mandaic_language

Lilith

Female figure in Near Eastern mythology

to the Talmud. The incantation bowls which have been analysed, are inscribed in the following languages, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic, Syriac, Mandaic, Middle

Lilith

Aramaic

Semitic language

the Aramaic of the Talmud Babli, the Gaonic Literature and incantation texts found mainly in Nippur; and the western, consisting of Samaritan Aramaic, Christian

Aramaic

Historiola

Incantation incorporating a short mythic story

Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Greek mythology, in the Aramaic Uruk incantation, incorporated in Mandaean incantations, as well as in Jewish kabbalah. There are also

Historiola

Ancient Mesopotamian god of the sky; god of all gods

commonly worshipped. It is sometimes proposed that the Eanna temple located in Uruk originally belonged to him, rather than Inanna. While he is well attested

Anu

Cuneiform

Writing system of the ancient Near East

the region. There is one example of Eastern Aramaic being written in syllabic cuneiform, the "Uruk incantation" (c. 300 BC), now in the Louvre museum. Most

Cuneiform

Enki

God in Sumerian mythology

inscriptions and incantation literature. It is sometimes attested as a theophoric element in personal names of the first millennium. In Neo Babylonian Uruk it designates

Enki

Beveled rim bowl

Mass produced clay bowls

Early on, after many BRBs were found upside down, in the manner of Aramaic incantation bowls, it was suggested that they functioned as votive offerings

Beveled rim bowl

Beveled_rim_bowl

Mandaic lead rolls

Mandaic texts incised onto lead sheets

writers. These form a new text genre for Aramaic (historiolas), which have a forerunner in the Aramaic Uruk incantation written in a very Late Babylonian cuneiform

Mandaic lead rolls

Mandaic_lead_rolls

Lilu (mythology)

Masculine Akkadian word for evil spirits

Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluß. Leipzig, 1917 Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur - Page 76 James Alan Montgomery - 2011 "So in the

Lilu (mythology)

Lilu_(mythology)

Shamash

Mesopotamian sun god

example in the theophoric name Samsu-iluna ("Samsu is our god"). The ancient Aramaic form of the name was most likely Śameš, though many variant syllabic spellings

Shamash

Assyria

Major Mesopotamian civilization

Aramaic was used in state-related contexts alongside Akkadian and by the time of Tiglath-Pileser III, the kings employed both Akkadian and Aramaic-language

Assyria

Sin (mythology)

Mesopotamian lunar god

genitive construction. It is first attested in the Uruk period. In earliest cuneiform texts from Uruk and Ur it was written as (d)LAK-32.NA, with NA possibly

Sin (mythology)

Sin_(mythology)

Sarpanit

Mesopotamian goddess regarded as the spouse of Marduk

of the name and by texts written in the Aramaic alphabet, which does differentiate between z and ṣ. The Aramaic spelling zrpnt is known from the Sefire

Sarpanit

Rudolf Macúch

Slovak Protestant theologian

keilschriftliche Beschwörungstext aus Uruk und die mandäische Phraseologie“ (“The Cuneiform Incantation Text from Uruk and Mandaic Phraseology”). After his

Rudolf Macúch

Rudolf_Macúch

Nanaya

Ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love

"Nanai"; antiquated transcription: "Nanâ"; in Greek: Ναναια or Νανα; Imperial Aramaic: נני, Classical Syriac: ܢܢܝ) was a Mesopotamian goddess of love closely

Nanaya

Neo-Assyrian Empire

Assyrian history (911–609 BCE)

of the earliest Mesopotamian "world conquerors" was Lugalzaggesi, king of Uruk, who conquered all of Lower Mesopotamia in the 24th century BCE. The succeeding

Neo-Assyrian Empire

Neo-Assyrian_Empire

Akkadian literature

Mesopotamian writings, 23rd–6th century BC

included (in order of predominance) are omen texts, lexical lists, ritual incantations, cathartic and apotropaic conjurations, historical and mythological epics

Akkadian literature

Akkadian_literature

Nippur

Archaeological site in Iraq

the 10th century AD, in the houses of which were large numbers of Aramaic incantation bowls. Jewish names, appearing in the Persian documents discovered

Nippur

Asoristan

Sasanian province in Assyria and Babylonia (226–637 CE)

of Aramaic incantation bowls—ceramic artifacts dated to this era—discovered in Iraq, northeast Syria and southeast Turkey. While the Jewish Aramaic script

Asoristan

Chaldea

Small Semitic nation of ancient Mesopotamia

Kaśdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), while Chaldeans are Hebrew Kaśdim (כַּשְׂדִּים) and Aramaic Kaśdā'in (כַּשְׂדָּאִין). Genesis 22:22 lists Kesed (כֶּשֶׂד, reconstructed

Chaldea

Khafajah

Archaeological site in Diyala Governorate, Iraq

was an Akkadian period die. and a terracotta incantation bowl written in "typical Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Sasanian period". The site consists of

Khafajah

Animals in the Ancient Near East

for protection. Evidence of this practice appears in the archives of the Uruk temple in the 5th century BC, which deployed archers alongside shepherds

Animals in the Ancient Near East

Animals_in_the_Ancient_Near_East

Sumerian religion

First known Mesopotamian religion

writings first became prevalent as temple praise hymns and as a form of "incantation" called the nam-šub (prefix + "to cast"). These tablets were also made

Sumerian religion

Sumerian_religion

Ancient literature

Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol.2, 1980, p.203 Alan Lenzi (2008). "The Uruk List of Kings and Sages and Late Mesopotamian Scholarship". Journal of Ancient

Ancient literature

Ancient_literature

Borsippa

Ancient Babylonian city

Dieterich, 1852 [10] Harviainen, Tapani, "An Aramaic Incantation Bowl from Borsippa. Another specimen of Eastern Aramaic" koiné". Appendix: A Cryptographic bowl

Borsippa

Ningal

Mesopotamian goddess

Nuska was regarded as the son of Ningal and her husband. In a Maqlû incantation, Manzat (Akkadian and Elamite goddess of the rainbow) appears as the

Ningal

Ancient Mesopotamian religion

architecture, and the calendar. They created the first city-states such as Uruk, Ur, Lagash, Isin, Kish, Umma, Eridu, Adab, Akshak, Sippar, Nippur and Larsa

Ancient Mesopotamian religion

Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion

List of Mesopotamian deities

deities. Inanna was also the most important deity in Uruk and a number of other political centers in the Uruk period. Gudea regarded Ninhursag, rather than Enki

List of Mesopotamian deities

List_of_Mesopotamian_deities

Shala

Mesopotamian grain and weather goddess

religion as the wife of his counterpart Teshub. She is absent from later Aramaic sources from the same areas, where the wife of the weather god is also

Shala

Ashurbanipal

Assyrian ruler

there is a letter preserved in which Ashurbanipal orders the governor of Uruk, Nabu-usabsi, to attack Bel-iqisha. Nabu-usabsi apparently claimed that Bel-iqisha

Ashurbanipal

Humbaba

Character in Gilgamesh myths

with older narratives, he is apparently well known to the inhabitants of Uruk, rather than an unexpected encountered in the forest without prior notice

Humbaba

Sumerian language

Language of ancient Sumer and Babylon

the proto-literate period (3200 BC – 3000 BC), corresponding to the Uruk III and Uruk IV periods in archeology, was still so rudimentary that there remains

Sumerian language

Sumerian_language

Music of Mesopotamia

and musicians appear in the 4th millennium BCE; and later, in the city of Uruk, the pictograms for 'harp' and 'musician' are present among the earliest

Music of Mesopotamia

Music_of_Mesopotamia

Luwian language

Ancient Indo-European language of the Hittite Empire

Yakubovich, Ilya (2022). "Binding and Smiting: One More Merism in Luvian Incantations". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 142 (2): 371–386. doi:10

Luwian language

Luwian_language

Inzak

God of Dilmun

Mesopotamian cultural influence spreading to other areas during the so-called "Uruk Expansion." However, the view that Inzak's name was linguistically Sumerian

Inzak

List of Ugaritic deities

1. ISBN 978-3-05-005756-9. Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (2003). The pantheon of Uruk during the neo-Babylonian period. Leiden Boston: Brill STYX. ISBN 978-90-04-13024-1

List of Ugaritic deities

List_of_Ugaritic_deities

Hurrian language

Extinct ancient language of Mesopotamia

lions". Archeologists have discovered the texts of numerous spells, incantations, prophecies and letters at sites including Hattusha, Mari, Tuttul, Babylon

Hurrian language