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WWII German defensive line in Italy
The Bernhardt Line, or Reinhard or Bernhard Line, was a German Army defensive line in Italy during the Italian Campaign of World War II. Having reached
Bernhardt_Line
Series of German military fortifications in Italy
would merge into the Gustav Line. Relative to the Gustav Line, the Hitler Line stood to the northwest and the Bernhardt Line to the southeast of the primary
Winter_Line
French stage actress (1844–1923)
Sarah Bernhardt (French: [saʁa bɛʁnɑʁt]; born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress who starred in some
Sarah_Bernhardt
1943 battle of the Italian Campaign in WWII
December 1943 during Operation Raincoat, part of the Battle for the Bernhardt Line during the Italian campaign in World War II. Monte La Difensa (also
Battle_of_Monte_la_Difensa
WWII battle
up the Italian Peninsula. A major German defensive position, the Gothic Line, ran across the peninsula a short distance south of the Sammarinese border
Battle_of_San_Marino
Name list
German botanist Surname: Bernhardt (surname) Bernhardt Creek, a stream in Oregon Bernhardt Line, German World War II defensive line in Italy Bernhard This
Bernhardt
WW2 German military fortifications in Italy
breached by the U.S. Fifth Army, and the German Forces fell back to the Bernhardt Line. The Allied Armies in Italy under General Sir Harold Alexander were
Barbara_Line
WWII major engagement from 8–17 December 1943, in the Italian Campaign
Line and Volturno Line further to the south as German forces retreated gradually up the peninsula. (The Reinhard was also called the Bernhardt Line.)
Battle_of_San_Pietro_Infine
German defensive line in Italy during World War II
The Hitler Line was a German Army defensive line in central Italy during the Second World War. The strong points of the line were at Piedimonte, Pontecorvo
Hitler_Line
Military unit
rebuilding after heavy losses in the Bernhardt line fighting. The first to test the 44th defenses in the Gustav line were the French. The French Expeditionary
44th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
44th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)
Battle of World War II
the Gustav Line on 15 January, having taken six weeks of heavy fighting to advance the last seven miles (11 km) through the Bernhardt Line positions,
Battle_of_Monte_Cassino
of Monte la Difensa: December 1943 Battle of Ortona: December 1943 Bernhardt Line: December 1943 – January 1944 Moro River Campaign: December 1943 Battle
List_of_World_War_II_battles
WW2 German defensive line in Italy
The Volturno Line (also known as the Viktor Line; German: Volturno-Linie, Viktor-Linie, Italian: Linea del Volturno) was a German defensive position in
Volturno_Line
1943–1945 military campaign in mainland Italy
Winter Line – the collective name for the Gustav Line and, west of the Apennine Mountains, the Bernhardt Line and Hitler Lines (renamed Senger Line by 23
Italian campaign (World War II)
Italian_campaign_(World_War_II)
German defensive line in Italy during World War II
The Gothic Line (German: Gotenstellung; Italian: Linea Gotica) was a German and Italian defensive line of the Italian Campaign of World War II. It formed
Gothic_Line
British Second World War deception operation
Churchill, then in the United States. It read "Mincemeat swallowed rod, line and sinker by the right people and from the best information they look like
Operation_Mincemeat
German defence line during WW2
The Caesar Line was the last German line of defence in Italy before Rome during the Italian Campaign of the Second World War. The extended from the west
Caesar_C_line
1945 military operation
shore and down the centre of the Spit to clear all positions towards the new line held by No. 40 (RM). The operation started on the evening of 1 April with
Operation_Roast
Military campaign during World War II
capture of the Italian capital of Rome in early June. Bernhardt Line – WWII German defensive line in Italy von Vietinghoff went to Germany on sick leave
Moro_River_campaign
Failed British raid in World War II
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Chestnut
American mortician (born 1958)
Bernhardt Tiede II (/ˈtiːd/; born August 2, 1958) is an American mortician who was convicted of the November 19, 1996 murder of his companion, wealthy
Bernie_Tiede
American furniture company
Bernhardt Design (a division of the Bernhardt Furniture Company) is an American modern furniture company based in Lenoir, North Carolina. Bernhardt Furniture
Bernhardt_Design
1943 World War II battle in Italy
river Sangro. By the end of the month, the main Gustav Line defences (the major part of the Winter Line) had been penetrated and the Allied troops were fighting
Battle_of_Ortona
1943 Allied amphibious assault on Italy across the Straits of Messina
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Baytown
1944 action taken by the Italian resistance movement against Nazi Germany
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Via_Rasella_attack
in the vicinity of Mignano Monte Lungo. During World War II, this was the location of the German Bernhardt Line. Fifth Army At The Winter Line v t e
Mignano_Gap
U.S. Army corps (1918–1962)
prepared defenses (Volturno Line, Barbara Line and Bernhardt Line). At the end of December, after heavy fighting on the Bernhardt Line (the forward defenses
VI_Corps_(United_States)
from late 1943 to 23 July 1944. In the Italian Campaign, the Bernhardt Line (or Reinhard Line) was a German defense over the massif of Monte Cassino, defended
Military history of France during World War II
Military_history_of_France_during_World_War_II
Battle of the Italian campaign of World War II
difficult access due to the German fortifications built as part of the Gothic Line. German troops were in possession of the Montese area. Contrary to the expectations
Battle_of_Montese
1943 Allied landings in Italy
fight through the Volturno, Barbara and Bernhardt lines to reach the Gustav Line, the backbone of the Winter Line defenses, setting the scene for the four
Operation_Avalanche
Allied attack into the Lombardy Plain during WWII
Italy. The Allies had launched their last major offensive on the Gothic Line in August 1944, with the British Eighth Army (Lieutenant-General Oliver Leese)
Spring 1945 offensive in Italy
Spring_1945_offensive_in_Italy
1943 Allied amphibious landing in Italy
Devon was launched on 3 October 1943, as part of the attack on the Volturno Line, and was undertaken by No. 3 Commando, No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando and
Operation_Devon
1945 battle in the Italian Campaign
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Battle_of_Ovaro
1944 engagement in Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Battle_of_Monte_Battaglia
1944 battle in Italy during World War II
Axis offensive against American forces on the western sector of the Gothic Line during World War II. It took place in December 1944 in the north Tuscan Apennines
Battle_of_Garfagnana
1945 Allied offensive in World War II
Allied offensive timed for February—March 1945, to break through the Gothic Line. This was initiated at the army instead of corps level. This comprised an
Operation_Encore
German defensive line in Italy during World War II
The Trasimene Line (so-named for Lake Trasimene, the site of a major battle of the Second Punic War in 217 BC) was a German defensive line during the Italian
Trasimene_Line
1944 battle of World War II
later on 18 July 1944. The Allied advance north meant that the logistics line was in need of a port closer to the front lines than the ports of Pescara
Battle_of_Ancona
Military operation during World War II
campaign, namely the forced withdrawal of German forces from the Gustav Line, and did not curtail the flow of supplies. However, the air interdiction
Operation Strangle (World War II)
Operation_Strangle_(World_War_II)
American actress (1874–1965)
bills and in period trade publications and newspapers as the "American Bernhardt". O'Neil was born in Oakland, California, to George Lamson and Arre Findley
Nance_O'Neil
1944 battle in Italy
the progress was stopped in December 1943 at the German defensive Gustav Line, south of Rome. The operation was initially commanded by Major General John
Battle_of_Anzio
1943 armistice ending the hostilities between Italy and the Allies
informed about the armistice, and no clear orders had been issued about the line of conduct to be taken in the face of the German armed forces. Some Italian
Armistice_of_Cassibile
Uprising against German forces in 1943
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Four_Days_of_Naples
Failed sabotage missions during World War II
World War II. Their aim was to blow up railway tunnels that would cut the line of communication to German forces in central Italy. The first mission, Ginny
Operations_Ginny_I_and_II
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Anzio_order_of_battle
Component of World War 2
defenses in that region were part of the Army Group C, defending the Paula Line. The morale of the Polish forces was weakened by the outcome of the Yalta
Battle_of_Bologna
Canadian Maneouvre Division based at CFB Edmonton, Alberta
Italy The Moro River Motta Montecorvino Ortona Winter Line Hitler Line Bernhardt Line Gothic Line Rimini Lamone Crossing The Western Front Liberation of
1st_Canadian_Division
Battle during the Italian Campaign of the Second World War
Adriatic coast, anchored the Rimini Line, a German defensive line which was the third such line of the Gothic Line defences. Rimini, which had been hit
Battle_of_Rimini_(1944)
American general (1896–1984)
and courage in his men, under artillery and machine gun fire at the front line. He discovered 18 Nazi tanks approaching, located an anti-tank unit and gave
Mark_W._Clark
World War II deception operation in support of the Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Barclay
Military unit
Division in January 1944, and supported the division in fighting on the Bernhardt Line and at Monte Cassino, before being shipped to the Anzio beachhead in
805th Tank Destroyer Battalion
805th_Tank_Destroyer_Battalion
Airborne forces operation 1943
this time the Germans had gathered their forces and established a defensive line. It was not until early the following month that the Eighth Army captured
Operation_Fustian
1945 WWII battle
Western Allied forces advanced towards Trieste after breaching the Gothic Line in early March 1945. Under Lieutenant General Sir Bernard Freyberg, the New
Race_for_Trieste
Part of World War II in 1943
1st Division. Axis forces were now settled on a second defensive line, the Etna Line, running from San Fratello on the north coast through Troina and
Allied_invasion_of_Sicily
listing of the significant formations involved in the fighting on the Winter Line in January 1944, during the period generally known as the First Battle of
Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944
Battle_of_Monte_Cassino_order_of_battle_January_1944
1943 military campaign of World War II
buying time to complete their preparation of the Winter Line, their strongest defensive line south of Rome. The next stage of the Italian campaign became
Allied_invasion_of_Italy
also several secondary objectives, including blowing gaps in the railway line in front and behind the train, mining the main coastal road to further disrupt
Operation_Candytuft
Order of battle for 1945 Allied offensive in Italy
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation Grapeshot order of battle
Operation_Grapeshot_order_of_battle
1944 battle of World War II in Italy
7th Infantry was to cut Route 7, the main supply line to the German Tenth Army on the Gustav Line, at Cassino. However, the plan had been based on the
Battle_of_Cisterna
WW2 British military operation during the Allied invasion of Italy, 1943
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Slapstick
World War II order of battle
Gothic Line order of battle is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in Operation Olive, the Allied offensive on the Gothic Line in northern
Gothic_Line_order_of_battle
American model and actress (1930–2014)
Eve Bernhardt (born Evelyn May Bernard; December 7, 1930 – February 2, 2014) was an American actress who appeared in several films throughout the 1950s
Eve_Bernhardt
World War II army in North Africa and Italy
butting up against the Gothic Line. The Eighth Army returned to the Adriatic coast and succeeded in forcing the Gothic line defences, but ultimately the
Eighth_Army_(United_Kingdom)
WWII Allied operation in France
lines, and the battles at Cassino and along the Sangro river at the Bernhardt Line. Previously, their only parachute mission had been Operation Hasty,
Operation_Rugby
World War II war crime
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Boves_massacre
against the heavily defended German Winter Line; they did however manage to break through the Bernhardt Line in January 1944. By early 1944 the Allied
Military history of the United States during World War II
Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II
1945 battle during World War II
1944–45 the Allied armies had penetrated the main defences of the Gothic Line but had failed to break out into the Po river valley. A new major offensive
Battle_of_the_Argenta_Gap
Battle of World War II
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Battle_of_Monte_Castello
1943 battle in Sicily during World War II
American and British troops would break through the German and Italian Etna Line. The US 7th Army commander, Lieutenant General George S. Patton Jr, had ordered
Battle_of_Troina
US Army National Guard formation
December. In January 1944, the division was back on the front line battering the Bernhardt Line defenses. Persevering through bitter fighting along the Mignano
34th Infantry Division (United States)
34th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)
Conflict in World War II
to the Gothic Line. In October–November 1944, the 6th RCT fought several engagements, but were unable to break through the Gothic line positions before
Battle_of_Collecchio
1944 WWII battle in Italy
in the area of the Gothic Line, near the Apennine Mountains in northern Italy, which would soon turn out to be the last line of defence for the Axis powers
Battle_of_Gemmano
significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line and at the Anzio bridgehead south of Rome during Operation Diadem in May
Operation Diadem order of battle
Operation_Diadem_order_of_battle
Military unit
56th Division then crossed the Volturno Line in October and took part in the fighting around the Bernhardt Line. In January 1944, the 56th Division, now
56th (London) Infantry Division
56th_(London)_Infantry_Division
Military operation
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Corkscrew
Pivotal battle in the Italian campaign, leading to the Allied liberation of Rome
Diadem was to break the German defenses on the Gustav Line (the western half of the Winter Line) and open up the Liri Valley, the main route to Rome.
Operation_Diadem
Military unit
the 15th Panzergrenadier Division had fallen back to help defend the Bernhardt Line in the vicinity of Mignano along Highway 6. On December 7, 1943, two
15th_Panzergrenadier_Division
listing of the significant formations involved in the fighting on the Winter Line in February 1944 during the period generally known as the Second Battle of
Second Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle February 1944
Second_Battle_of_Monte_Cassino_order_of_battle_February_1944
Czech painter, illustrator and graphic artist (1860–1939)
stylised and decorative theatrical posters, particularly those of Sarah Bernhardt. He produced illustrations, advertisements, decorative panels, as well
Alphonse_Mucha
British military operation in Italy (1945)
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Tombola
1944 World War II battle in Italy
January 1944 during one of the Allies' many attempts to breach the Winter Line during the Italian Campaign of World War II. Despite its name, the battle
Battle_of_Rapido_River
the railway lines and by midnight the charges had gone off, destroying the line, however, not immediately being heard by the Germans due to the bad weather
Operation_Saxifrage
British Army officer (1908–1994)
which were not needed. He remained with the Fifth Army through the Bernhardt Line fighting, the Battle of Monte Cassino and the Battle of Anzio. For his
Charles Richardson (British Army officer)
Charles_Richardson_(British_Army_officer)
1945 Allied WWII aerial attack on Venice, Italy
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Operation_Bowler
meeting minutes "From the Volturno to the Winter Line: Across the Volturno and Against the Winter Line". Archived from the original on January 24, 2008
Floyd_K._Lindstrom
Battle in the Italian campaign
due to the fact that the barrack did not possess an independent telephone line, and thus would risk interception. In that civilian switchboard, a woman
Battle_of_Tarvisio_(1943)
Battle during the Allied Invasion of Sicily
of the Advanced Naval Base Group, was hastily armed and formed a firing line along the dunes with engineers of the Army shore parties. Ships began gunfire
Battle_of_Gela_(1943)
Canadian attack plan
Polish forces on the Hitler Line, on May 23-24 1944 during World War II. The Hitler Line was a German fortified defensive line south of Rome. Initial attempts
Operation_Chesterfield
Military unit
reached the Barbara Line which was breached in early November. The 8th Division led the assault on the German defensive Bernhardt Line, crossed the Sangro
Indian Army during World War II
Indian_Army_during_World_War_II
US Army National Guard formation
positions and severe winter weather. This grueling campaign against the Bernhardt Line was marked by futile attempts to establish a secure bridgehead across
36th Infantry Division (United States)
36th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)
1943 attack by German bombers on Allied forces and shipping in Bari, Italy, during WWII
Vatican Naples Devon Saxifrage Candytuft Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari Winter Line Bernhardt Line Monte la Difensa San Pietro Moro Ortona Monte Cassino
Air_raid_on_Bari
Military unit
The enemy withdrew into the hills. This brought the division to the Bernhardt Line, where it was tasked with capturing Monte Camino, blocking the entrance
9th (2nd City of London) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
9th_(2nd_City_of_London)_Battalion,_Royal_Fusiliers
Month of 1944
Klesov near Rovno. The U.S. Fifth Army took San Vittore del Lazio on the Bernhardt Line. Died: Lou Henry Hoover, 69, First Lady of the United States from 1929
January_1944
Military unit
divisional artillery'. 8th Indian Division then captured Mozzagrogna in the Bernhardt Line. It continued advancing with short, powerfully supported attacks against
Bolton_Artillery
Glider landing by Britain during the World War II
were second line formations, usually made up from men in their forties and fifties, and were intended to perform labouring or other second line duties. Recruited
Operation_Ladbroke
Military unit
took up a series of blocking positions, and in November were in the Bernhardt Line, behind the River Sangro. Eighth Army closed up to the river on 9 November
111th (Bolton) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
111th_(Bolton)_Field_Regiment,_Royal_Artillery
WWII Italian military campaign
reduction in strength ending any possibility of Alexander reaching the Gothic Line by August 1944. Lying between the mainland and Corsica 31 mi (50 km) to the
Invasion_of_Elba
1943 German campaign to disarm Italy following its armistice to the Allies during WWII
Supremo) that three new German units would be formed, mostly employing second-line German units evacuated from North Africa. They would be the Sardinia Command
Operation_Achse
Military unit of Britain's Volunteer Force, later its Territorial Force
November, the guns helped 78th and 8th Indian Divisions to break into the Bernhardt Line, the 5.5s firing over 350 rounds per gun and the 4.5s over 327, despite
Edinburgh_City_Artillery
Military unit
Division to advance. The Germans took up another delaying position, the Bernhardt Line, behind the River Sangro. Eighth Army closed up to the river on 9 November
53rd (Bolton) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
53rd_(Bolton)_Field_Regiment,_Royal_Artillery
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BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
BERNHARDT LINE
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