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Formula used in graph theory
In graph theory, a part of discrete mathematics, the BEST theorem gives a product formula for the number of Eulerian circuits in directed (oriented) graphs
BEST_theorem
Branch of economics studying next-best alternatives
In welfare economics, the theory of the second best concerns the situation when one or more optimality conditions cannot be satisfied. The economists Richard
Theory_of_the_second_best
Dutch mathematician (1905–1984)
contributions to De Bruijn sequences, low-discrepancy sequences, and the BEST theorem. Tatyana Ehrenfest was born in Vienna in 1905 and spent her childhood
Tatyana van Aardenne-Ehrenfest
Tatyana_van_Aardenne-Ehrenfest
Dutch mathematician (1918–2012)
geometry, on the number of lines determined by n points in a plane the BEST theorem in graph theory, on Eulerian circuits, and De Bruijn indices in the lambda
Nicolaas_Govert_de_Bruijn
On the number of spanning trees in a graph
mathematical field of graph theory, Kirchhoff's theorem or Kirchhoff's matrix tree theorem is a theorem about the number of spanning trees in a graph.
Kirchhoff's_theorem
binomial theorem (combinatorics) Alspach's theorem (graph theory) Aztec diamond theorem (combinatorics) BEST theorem (graph theory) Baranyai's theorem (combinatorics)
List_of_theorems
Sufficiency theorem for reconstructing signals from samples
The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, or the sampling theorem, is a theorem in the field of signal processing which serves as a fundamental bridge between
Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem
Nyquist–Shannon_sampling_theorem
British-Canadian codebreaker and mathematician (1917–2002)
graph theory have been influential to modern graph theory and many of his theorems have been used to keep making advances in the field, most of his terminology
W._T._Tutte
Theorem related to ordinary least squares
In statistics, the Gauss–Markov theorem (or simply Gauss theorem for some authors) states that the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator has the lowest
Gauss–Markov_theorem
Every polynomial has a real or complex root
The fundamental theorem of algebra, also called d'Alembert's theorem or the d'Alembert–Gauss theorem, states that every non-constant single-variable polynomial
Fundamental theorem of algebra
Fundamental_theorem_of_algebra
Impossibility of straightforward game forms
Gibbard's theorem is a key result in game theory showing that there is no universal non-dictatorial mechanism. It states that for any game form (or mechanism)
Gibbard's_theorem
Theorem in mathematics
inverse function theorem gives sufficient conditions for a function to have an inverse function. The essential idea is that if the best linear approximation
Inverse_function_theorem
Impossibility result for ranked-choice voting systems
The Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem is a theorem in social choice theory. It was first conjectured by the philosopher Michael Dummett and the mathematician
Gibbard–Satterthwaite_theorem
Method for finding limits in calculus
calculus, the squeeze theorem (also known as the sandwich theorem, the two policemen and a drunk theorem among other names) is a theorem regarding the limit
Squeeze_theorem
Long dense subsets of the integers contain arbitrarily large arithmetic progressions
In arithmetic combinatorics, Szemerédi's theorem is a result concerning arithmetic progressions in subsets of the integers. In 1936, Erdős and Turán conjectured
Szemerédi's_theorem
Number of intersection points of algebraic curves and hypersurfaces
Bézout's theorem is a statement concerning the number of common zeros of n polynomials in n indeterminates. In its original form the theorem states that
Bézout's_theorem
Fixed-point theorem for set-valued functions
In mathematical analysis, the Kakutani fixed-point theorem is a fixed-point theorem for set-valued functions. It provides sufficient conditions for a set-valued
Kakutani_fixed-point_theorem
Trail in a graph that visits each edge once
computed as a determinant, by the matrix tree theorem, giving a polynomial time algorithm. BEST theorem is first stated in this form in a "note added
Eulerian_path
Statement in mathematical combinatorics
In combinatorics, Ramsey's theorem, in one of its graph-theoretic forms, states that one will find monochromatic cliques in any edge labelling (with colours)
Ramsey's_theorem
Mathematical rule for inverting probabilities
In probability theory, Bayes' theorem (alternatively Bayes' law or Bayes' rule), named after Thomas Bayes (/beɪz/), gives a mathematical rule for inverting
Bayes'_theorem
Cycle through all length-k sequences
positional encoding. Normal number Linear-feedback shift register n-sequence BEST theorem Superpermutation de Bruijn (1946). de Bruijn (1975). Brown (1869); Stein
De_Bruijn_sequence
2013 film by Terry Gilliam
The Zero Theorem is a 2013 science fiction film directed by Terry Gilliam, starring Christoph Waltz, David Thewlis, Mélanie Thierry and Lucas Hedges.
The_Zero_Theorem
In board games that cannot end in a draw, one of the two players has a winning strategy
In game theory, Zermelo's theorem is a theorem about finite two-person games of perfect information in which the players move alternately and in which
Zermelo's theorem (game theory)
Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory)
Theorem in economics
Coase theorem (/ˈkoʊs/) postulates the economic efficiency of an economic allocation or outcome in the presence of externalities. The theorem is significant
Coase_theorem
Theorem implying that no algorithm can optimally perform a task done by humans
science and mathematics, a full employment theorem is a term used, often humorously, to refer to a theorem which states that no algorithm can optimally
Full-employment_theorem
Theorem in topology
While the theorem seems intuitively obvious, it takes some ingenuity to prove it by elementary means. "Although the JCT is one of the best known topological
Jordan_curve_theorem
Property of artificial neural networks
non-linear relationships often found in real-world data. The best-known version of the theorem applies to feedforward networks with a single hidden layer
Universal approximation theorem
Universal_approximation_theorem
Theorem in order and lattice theory
the mathematical areas of order and lattice theory, the Knaster–Tarski theorem, named after Bronisław Knaster and Alfred Tarski, states the following:
Knaster–Tarski_theorem
British mathematician who proved Fermat's Last Theorem
University of Oxford, specialising in number theory. He is best known for proving Fermat's Last Theorem, for which he was awarded the 2016 Abel Prize and the
Andrew_Wiles
Approximation of a function by a polynomial
In calculus, Taylor's theorem gives an approximation of a k {\textstyle k} -times differentiable function around a given point by a polynomial of degree
Taylor's_theorem
Proof all ranked voting rules have spoilers
Arrow's impossibility theorem is a key result in social choice theory, proved by American economist Kenneth Arrow. It shows that no group decision-making
Arrow's_impossibility_theorem
Theorem about metric spaces
Banach fixed-point theorem (also known as the contraction mapping theorem or contractive mapping theorem or Banach–Caccioppoli theorem) is an important
Banach_fixed-point_theorem
Theorem that tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted
In information theory, the Shannon–Hartley theorem tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted over a communications channel of a specified
Shannon–Hartley_theorem
Square matrices satisfy their characteristic equation
In linear algebra, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem (named after the mathematicians Arthur Cayley and William Rowan Hamilton) states that every square matrix
Cayley–Hamilton_theorem
Multivariate functions can be written using univariate functions and summing
approximation theory, the Kolmogorov–Arnold representation theorem (or superposition theorem) states that every multivariate continuous function f : [
Kolmogorov–Arnold representation theorem
Kolmogorov–Arnold_representation_theorem
Theorem in statistics and econometrics
In statistics and econometrics, the Frisch–Waugh–Lovell (FWL) theorem is a property of ordinary least squares estimators. Named for econometricians Ragnar
Frisch–Waugh–Lovell_theorem
Theorem in differential topology
topology, there are two Whitney embedding theorems, named after Hassler Whitney: The strong Whitney embedding theorem states that any smooth real m-dimensional
Whitney_embedding_theorem
Theorem in political science
In political science and social choice, Black's median voter theorem says that if voters and candidates are distributed along a one-dimensional political
Median_voter_theorem
Certain polynomial equations in enough variables over a finite field have solutions
a slightly weaker form of the theorem, known as Chevalley's theorem, was proved by Chevalley (1935). Chevalley's theorem implied Artin's and Dickson's
Chevalley–Warning_theorem
Points of small height in projective space lie in a finite number of hyperplanes
In mathematics, the subspace theorem says that points of small height in projective space lie in a finite number of hyperplanes. It is a result obtained
Subspace_theorem
It has been integrated into other theorem provers, and it has been among the best-placed systems in several theorem proving competitions. E is developed
E_(theorem_prover)
Concept in number theory
Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem says that, for algebraic irrational numbers, the exponent of 2 in the corollary to Dirichlet's approximation theorem is the best we can
Dirichlet's approximation theorem
Dirichlet's_approximation_theorem
Any individual whose preferences satisfy four axioms has a utility function
In decision theory, the von Neumann–Morgenstern (VNM) utility theorem demonstrates that rational choice under uncertainty involves making decisions that
Von Neumann–Morgenstern utility theorem
Von_Neumann–Morgenstern_utility_theorem
Mathematical theorem
function theorem. The number B is called Bloch's constant. The lower bound 1/72 in Bloch's theorem is not the best possible. Bloch's theorem tells us
Bloch's theorem (complex analysis)
Bloch's_theorem_(complex_analysis)
Every triangle with two angle bisectors of equal lengths is isosceles
The Steiner–Lehmus theorem, a theorem in elementary geometry, was formulated by C. L. Lehmus and subsequently proved by Jakob Steiner. It states: Every
Steiner–Lehmus_theorem
Theorem in number theory that gives a bound on a Diophantine approximation
In number theory, Hurwitz's theorem, named after Adolf Hurwitz, gives a bound on a Diophantine approximation. The theorem states that for every irrational
Hurwitz's theorem (number theory)
Hurwitz's_theorem_(number_theory)
(applied in knot theory and surgery theory) in topology, the Hasse–Arf theorem in ramification theory, Arf semigroups, and Arf rings Lira ₺10 Obverse
List_of_people_on_banknotes
Every square matrix with positive entries can be written in a certain standard form
Sinkhorn's theorem states that every square matrix with positive entries can be written in a certain standard form. If A is an n × n matrix with strictly
Sinkhorn's_theorem
2023 film
Marguerite's Theorem (French: Le Théorème de Marguerite) is 2023 French-Swiss drama film co-written and directed by Anna Novion [fr]. It is about a female
Marguerite's_Theorem
Principle of decision-making
The fundamental theorem of poker is a principle first articulated by David Sklansky that he believes expresses the essential nature of poker as a game
Fundamental_theorem_of_poker
Mathematical theory by discovered by Józef Marcinkiewicz
theorem, discovered by Józef Marcinkiewicz (1939), is a result bounding the norms of non-linear operators acting on Lp spaces. Marcinkiewicz' theorem
Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem
Marcinkiewicz_interpolation_theorem
Counterintuitive result in probability
The infinite monkey theorem states that a monkey hitting keys independently and at random on a typewriter keyboard for an infinite amount of time will
Infinite_monkey_theorem
social choice functions, and is a condition for Arrow's impossibility theorem. With unrestricted domain, the social welfare function accounts for all
Unrestricted_domain
Social choice theorem on superiority of majority voting
In social choice theory, May's theorem, also called the general possibility theorem, says that majority vote is the unique ranked social choice function
May's_theorem
Three results related to the density of prime numbers
x+M+o(1/\log x).} In 1909 Edmund Landau, by using the best version of the prime number theorem then at his disposition, proved that ∑ p ≤ x 1 p = log
Mertens'_theorems
Inequality on approximations of a function by algebraic or trigonometric polynomials
trigonometric polynomials, the following was proved by Dunham Jackson: Theorem 1: If f : [ 0 , 2 π ] → C {\displaystyle f:[0,2\pi ]\to \mathbb {C} } is
Jackson's_inequality
Theorem in statistics
Lehmann–Scheffé theorem provides sufficient conditions for the existence of a best unbiased estimator in a statistical model. The theorem states that any
Lehmann–Scheffé_theorem
Swiss actress (born 1995)
2023, Rumpf played the main role as Marguerite in the film Marguerite's Theorem directed by Anna Novion. It premiered at the 76th Cannes Film Festival
Ella_Rumpf
Theorem classifying finite simple groups
classification of finite simple groups (popularly called the enormous theorem) is a result of group theory stating that every finite simple group is
Classification of finite simple groups
Classification_of_finite_simple_groups
Conjecture on zeros of the zeta function
proved that the Riemann hypothesis implies the "best possible" bound for the error of the prime number theorem. A precise version of von Koch's result, due
Riemann_hypothesis
Statistical physics theorem
The fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) or fluctuation–dissipation relation (FDR) is a powerful tool in statistical physics for predicting the behavior
Fluctuation–dissipation theorem
Fluctuation–dissipation_theorem
Poker principle
Morton's theorem occurs when one player holds the best hand, but there are two or more opponents on draws. In this case, the player with the best hand might
Morton's_theorem
On polynomial rings over fields
In mathematics, Hilbert's syzygy theorem is one of the three fundamental theorems about polynomial rings over fields, first proved by David Hilbert in
Hilbert's_syzygy_theorem
Theorem
In mathematics, the equioscillation theorem concerns the approximation of continuous functions using polynomials when the merit function is the maximum
Equioscillation_theorem
Theoretical rule in social choice theory
cases are proved by dictatorship theorems. A famous example of a dictatorship theorem is the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem, which says that any strategyproof
Dictatorship_mechanism
American novelist (1946–2008)
Out Why!!!" (1993) "Face Time" (1994) "Space Cadet" (1994) "Fermat's Best Theorem" (1995) "Standing in the Spirit" (1997) "The Stubbornest Broad on Earth"
Janet_Kagan
Theorem in differential geometry
splitting theorems on when a pseudo-Riemannian manifold can be given as a metric product. The best-known is the Cheeger–Gromoll splitting theorem for Riemannian
Splitting_theorem
Fundamental combinatorial result of Ramsey theory
In mathematics, the Hales–Jewett theorem is a fundamental combinatorial result of Ramsey theory, named after Alfred W. Hales and Robert I. Jewett, that
Hales–Jewett_theorem
The group of K-rational points of an abelian variety is a finitely-generated abelian group
In mathematics, the Mordell–Weil theorem states that for an abelian variety A {\displaystyle A} over a number field K {\displaystyle K} , the group A
Mordell–Weil_theorem
Black holes are characterized only by mass, charge, and spin
The no-hair theorem, also known as the black hole uniqueness theorem, states that all stationary black hole solutions of the Einstein–Maxwell equations
No-hair_theorem
1968 film by Pier Paolo Pasolini
Teorema (English: "Theorem") is a 1968 Italian allegorical art film written and directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini. The film centers on an upper-class Milanese
Teorema
Branch of mathematics
curves. These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus. Calculus uses convergence of infinite sequences and infinite
Calculus
Rational-number approximation of a real number
that not all the "best" Diophantine approximations provided by the convergents may have the desired accuracy. Therefore, the theorems take the form "for
Diophantine_approximation
Information theorem
of information theory and decision theory, Blackwell's informativeness theorem is an important result related to the ranking of information structures
Blackwell's informativeness theorem
Blackwell's_informativeness_theorem
number theory, graph theory and classical analysis. His best-known result is Turán's theorem in graph theory. IAU · 547398 547400 Szakcsilakatos 2010
List of minor planets: 547001–548000
List_of_minor_planets:_547001–548000
Theory and paradigm of statistics
Bayesian statistical methods use Bayes' theorem to compute and update probabilities after obtaining new data. Bayes' theorem describes the conditional probability
Bayesian_statistics
Theorem about inscribed and circumscribed circles
with its center on the circumcircle. This theorem is best known in Russia, where it is called the trillium theorem (теорема трилистника) or trident lemma
Incenter–excenter_lemma
Limit on data transfer rate
In information theory, the noisy-channel coding theorem (sometimes Shannon's theorem or Shannon's limit), establishes that for any given degree of noise
Noisy-channel_coding_theorem
On the approximate structure of sets whose sumset is small
In additive combinatorics, a discipline within mathematics, Freiman's theorem is a central result which indicates the approximate structure of sets whose
Freiman's_theorem
1966 result in mathematical analysis
Carleson's theorem is a fundamental result in mathematical analysis establishing the (Lebesgue) pointwise almost everywhere convergence of Fourier series
Carleson's_theorem
Theorem in Ramsey theory
Van der Waerden's theorem is a theorem in Ramsey theory. Van der Waerden's theorem states that for any given positive integers r and k, there is some number
Van_der_Waerden's_theorem
Japanese and American mathematician
2004) was a Japanese and American mathematician, best known for his eponymous fixed-point theorem. Kakutani attended Tohoku University in Sendai, where
Shizuo_Kakutani
On coloring the edges of graphs
In graph theory, Vizing's theorem states that every simple undirected graph may be edge colored using a number of colors that is at most one larger than
Vizing's_theorem
Mathematical function
e^{-\gamma }\approx 0.56} ) appearing in these bounds are the best possible. The mean value theorem implies the following analog of Gautschi's inequality: If
Digamma_function
Theorems concerning stochastic processes
in the theory of stochastic processes – Doob's martingale convergence theorems are a collection of results on the limits of supermartingales, named after
Doob's martingale convergence theorems
Doob's_martingale_convergence_theorems
On the intersection form of a smooth, closed 4-manifold with a spin structure
w_{2}(M)} vanishes, and the signature is −16, so 16 is the best possible number in Rokhlin's theorem. A complex surface in C P 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {CP}
Rokhlin's_theorem
Path in a graph that visits each vertex exactly once
counted separately. The best vertex degree characterization of Hamiltonian graphs was provided in 1972 by the Bondy–Chvátal theorem, which generalizes earlier
Hamiltonian_path
Theorem in mathematical logic
property and the (downward) Löwenheim–Skolem property. Lindström's theorem is perhaps the best known result of what later became known as abstract model theory
Lindström's_theorem
Algebraic numbers are not near many rationals
In mathematics, Roth's theorem or Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem is a fundamental result in diophantine approximation to algebraic numbers. It is of a qualitative
Roth's_theorem
American actress, mathematics writer, and education advocate (born 1975)
\mathbb {Z} ^{2}} ." Their results are termed the "Chayes–McKellar–Winn theorem". Later, when Chayes was asked to comment about the mathematical abilities
Danica_McKellar
consequence of the Keel–Mori theorem is the existence of a coarse moduli space of a separated algebraic stack, which is roughly a "best possible" approximation
Keel–Mori_theorem
Combinatorial game theory theorem
In combinatorial game theory, the Sprague–Grundy theorem states that every impartial game under the normal play convention is equivalent to a one-heap
Sprague–Grundy_theorem
Economic theory
on the turnpike theorem are mostly theoretical, Jinkichi Tsukui's work is a notable exception. He empirically implemented the theorem using actual input-output
Turnpike_theory
Mathematical theorem about functions
In mathematics, the Fourier inversion theorem says that for many types of functions it is possible to recover a function from its Fourier transform. Intuitively
Fourier_inversion_theorem
Fundamental theorem of probabilistic number theory
In number theory, the Erdős–Kac theorem, named after Paul Erdős and Mark Kac, and also known as the fundamental theorem of probabilistic number theory
Erdős–Kac_theorem
Technique in numerical linear algebra
is referred to as the matrix approximation lemma or Eckart–Young–Mirsky theorem. This problem was originally solved by Erhard Schmidt in the infinite dimensional
Low-rank_approximation
Indefinite quadratic forms in > 4 variables over the rationals nontrivially represent 0
represents zero over the field ℚp of p-adic numbers for all p. Meyer's theorem is the best possible with respect to the number of variables: there are indefinite
Meyer's_theorem
Polish mathematician (1892–1945)
Hahn–Banach theorem, the Banach–Steinhaus theorem, the Banach–Mazur game, the Banach–Alaoglu theorem, Banach-Saks property, and the Banach fixed-point theorem. Stefan
Stefan_Banach
Statistical theorem
In statistics, Wilks' theorem offers an asymptotic distribution of the log-likelihood ratio statistic, which can be used to produce confidence intervals
Wilks'_theorem
Relates the homology of two objects to the homology of their product
mathematics, especially in homological algebra and algebraic topology, a Künneth theorem, also called a Künneth formula, is a statement relating the homology of
Künneth_theorem
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BEST THEOREM
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