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3% of American Mormons were Black. African Americans accounted for 9% of all converts in the United States. A 1998 survey by a Mormon and amateur sociologist
Black_Mormons
"Commentary: Most Mormons still believe the racist priesthood/temple ban was God's will, survey shows". The Salt Lake Tribune. The 2016 Next Mormons Survey asked
Black_people_and_Mormonism
Latter Day Saint teachings on race
1960s in the temple endowment ceremony Satan was said to have black skin. Several Black Mormons were told that they would become White. Hyrum Smith told Jane
Mormon teachings on skin color
Mormon_teachings_on_skin_color
Religious group of the Latter Day Saint movement
is obsolete, and Mormons alone are practicing true Christianity.' The 2018 style guide rejects the term Mormons along with "Mormon Church", "Mormonism"
Mormons
Stephen (2019). "The Next Mormons: How Millennials Are Changing the LDS Church". BYU Studies. 58 (2): 177. Enter the Next Mormons Survey. Riess and Knoll
Black people and temple and priesthood policies (LDS Church)
Black_people_and_temple_and_priesthood_policies_(LDS_Church)
for Black people was removed in 1978. What began during Mormonism founder Joseph Smith's lifetime as an estimated 100 free and enslaved Black Mormons, has
Timeline_of_Black_LDS_history
Book by Newell G. Bringhurst and Darron T. Smith
people and Mormonism, race and the LDS priesthood, and the experience of Black Mormons. The editors claim the Church "needs to forthrightly confront its past
Black_and_Mormon
American historian (1959–2026)
among the Mormons, or, the lost tribe of Israel (1897); The Bradys among the Mormons, or, secret work in Salt Lake City (1903). The Mormon image in literature
Ardis_E._Parshall
Phrase originating in the Hebrew Bible
"Black Mormons Resist Apology Talk". The Washington Post. Washington D.C. Ramirez, Margaret (2005-07-26). "Mormon past steeped in racism: Some black members
Curse_and_mark_of_Cain
Largest church adhering to Mormonism
"Presbyterians and Mormons" (PDF). Theology and Worship Ministry Unit PCUSA. Retrieved April 13, 2026. Palmer, R. F. "Concerning the Mormons". anglicanhistory
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints
American historian (born 1968)
College. Reeve oversees the digital project Century of Black Mormons, which identifies Black Mormons across the United States and internationally who were
W._Paul_Reeve
Armed conflicts in Missouri, US
prevent Mormons from voting in Gallatin, Daviess County, Missouri, catalyzing the formation of vigilance committees that sought to expel the Mormons from
1838_Mormon_War
Early African American LDS pioneer (1828–1903)
president of the Genesis Group. Black Pioneer is a 2020 biopic. Kiser, Benjamin. "Flake, Green". Century of Black Mormons. University of Utah. Retrieved
Green_Flake
(LDS Church), who are commonly called "Mormons". In academic literature, the area is also commonly called the Mormon culture region. It generally follows
Demographics of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Demographics_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints
Ghanaian Mormon leader (1934–2012)
1964, Johnson learned about the Book of Mormon from Frank A. Mensah. After receiving a copy of the Book of Mormon, Johnson and Mensah preached from the
Billy_Johnson_(Mormon)
(January 2020). "Mormons and Native Americans: Myths vs. Realities". Sunstone. Diana, Kruzman (January 11, 2022). "Indigenous Mormons struggle to balance
Criticism of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Criticism_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints
Ghanaian-born American football player (born 1989)
Ezekiel Nana "Ziggy" Ansah (born May 29, 1989) is a Ghanaian former professional American football defensive end. Born in Accra, Ghana, he moved to the
Ezekiel_Ansah
Doctrine in the Latter Day Saint movement
between the Missourians and Mormons resulted in the governor of Missouri issuing an "extermination order" against the Mormons, forcing them to flee the
Mormonism
Ghanaian-American digital storyteller
2018-11-27. "Howard University Partners with Google to raise percentage of black computer scientist and engineers". GhLinks.com.gh™. 2017-07-06. Archived
Oral_Ofori
Auxiliary organization of the LDS church
Priesthood Black Mormons Black people and early Mormonism Black people and Mormonism Fletcher Stack, Peggy (January 8, 2018). "Black Mormon support group
Genesis_Group
Race relationships in Mormonism
century later by its legislature in 1963. Mormons considered Native Americans to be a higher race than Black people, based on their belief that Native
Interracial marriage and the LDS Church
Interracial_marriage_and_the_LDS_Church
(Mormons) since they were believed to be the descendants of the Lamanite people described in one of the faith's book of scriptures, the Book of Mormon
Native American people and Mormonism
Native_American_people_and_Mormonism
Mormon founder's teachings on race
article inviting free Negroes and mulattoes from other states to become 'Mormons,' and remove and settle among us." The manifesto continued: "It manifests
Joseph Smith's views on Black people
Joseph_Smith's_views_on_Black_people
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines politician (1908-1991)
Ebenezer Theodore Joshua (23 May 1908 – 14 March 1991) was a Vincentian politician and the first chief minister of Saint Vincent from 1960 to 1967. He
Ebenezer_Joshua
Chief Walkara, insisted that because the Mormons had stopped the Mexicans from buying these children, the Mormons were obligated to purchase them. In his
History_of_slavery_in_Utah
African American abolitionist, Freemason, and Mormon elder
men of black African descent from holding the priesthood. In addition, he prohibited Mormons of African descent from participating in Mormon temple rites
Walker_Lewis
Reaching godhood in Latter-day Saint theology
evolving into a God." The LDS Church and several other Mormon denominations teach that Mormons who sufficiently follow church teachings may become joint-heirs
Exaltation_(Mormonism)
Mormon leader (1930–2005)
Marcus Helvécio T.A. (1 April 1996), "Black Saints in a White Church: Contemporary African American Mormons by Jessie L. Embry", BYU ScholarsArchive
Helvécio_Martins
Expulsion order of Mormons from Missouri in 1838
the state militia to forcefully displace the Mormons from Missouri. In response to the order, the Mormons surrendered and subsequently sought refuge in
Missouri_Executive_Order_44
Religious satire musical
prominent Australian Mormons, including rugby league player Will Hopoate, stage actor Patrice Tipoki and ballet dancer Jake Mangakahia. Mormons themselves have
The_Book_of_Mormon_(musical)
baptized at the same time were several black people he had introduced to the church since he first found the Book of Mormon. The next year, in 1981, the church
Moses_Mahlangu
Ghanaian religious leader
reviewed by William Olsen. Kissi also has written a book review of Black and Mormon for BYU Studies. An article by Kissi was published in the Liahona and
Emmanuel_A._Kissi
African American scholar, author and blogger
far-reaching studies of black Mormons to date" and that it is "an outstanding series of essays on the problems of racism among the Mormons and the exclusion
Darron_Smith
Mormon teachings on the pre-existence
teachings that those of Black ethnicity were any less valiant in the pre-earth life. In a 2006 interview for the PBS documentary The Mormons, apostle Jeffrey
Premortal life (Latter Day Saints)
Premortal_life_(Latter_Day_Saints)
Francisco Dique Sousa was a leading organizer of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in Mozambique. Sousa's future son-in-law
Francisco_Dique_Sousa
Dialogue. 20 (4). University of Illinois Press. Dart, John (May 5, 1990). "Mormons Modify Temple Rites Ceremony: Woman's vow to obey husband is dropped. Changes
Timeline of changes to temple ceremonies in the LDS Church
Timeline_of_changes_to_temple_ceremonies_in_the_LDS_Church
Book of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
God, premortal existence, and a text that was used to justify a ban on Black Latter-day Saints participating in temple and priesthood rituals. The name
Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism)
Pearl_of_Great_Price_(Mormonism)
Ghanaian sprinter (born 1973)
Leonard ("Leo") Myles-Mills (born 9 May 1973 in Accra, Greater Accra Region) is a Ghanaian former athlete who specialized in the 100 metres. He ran a personal
Leonard_Myles-Mills
American historian of LGBTQ and Mormon history (born 1961)
Santa Cruz, California. He has written on the history of LGBTQ Mormons, and Black Mormon history. He was raised in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Connell_O'Donovan
Malian politician and entrepreneur (born 1969)
earned a master's degree in public policy and served as president of the Black Student Union. During his time at BYU, Samaké met his wife Marissa Coutinho
Yeah_Samake
Black people and LDS teachings
Willingham, A. J. (April 29, 2023). "What do Mormons believe?". CNN. Webster, Noah (July 23, 2022). "Black". American Dictionary of the English Language
Curses of Cain and Ham (LDS Church)
Curses_of_Cain_and_Ham_(LDS_Church)
2307/45061873. ISSN 0042-143X. JSTOR 45061873. S2CID 254428277. "Century of Black Mormons · Fango, Gobo · J. Willard Marriott Library Exhibits". exhibits.lib
Gobo_Fango
controversial with the non-Mormon residents of the county. At a meeting, non-Mormons adopted a statement accusing the Mormons of planning to take over the
Mormonism_and_violence
Former member of the Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1939–2021)
Norman Kamosi (1939, Kikongo Belgian Congo – January 24 2021, Kinshasa) was a former airline executive and member of the Parliament of the Democratic Republic
Norman_Kamosi
Part of the Ute, Apache, and Navajo Wars
The Black War in Utah had ended. Utah's Black Hawk War had far-reaching and unforeseen outcomes for Mormons and Utes alike. After 1872 Mormons in Utah
Black_Hawk_War_(1865–1872)
American singer (born 1944)
One' celebration thrills the audience with stories of trailblazing black Mormons and songs of rejoicing and reflection from Gladys Knight, multiracial
Gladys_Knight
Kenyan religious leader
address on the LDS Church in Africa at the University of Utah's "black, white and Mormon" conference. Sitati spoke at the Sunday afternoon session of general
Joseph_W._Sitati
Disaffiliate of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Ex-Mormons or post-Mormons are disaffiliates of Mormonism. Ex-Mormons—sometimes referred to as exmo or postmo—may neither believe in nor affiliate with
Ex-Mormons
2003 book by Jon Krakauer
While violence seemed to accompany the Mormons, Krakauer notes that they did not necessarily initiate it. Early Mormons faced religious persecution from mainstream
Under_the_Banner_of_Heaven
American reality television series (2024–present)
September 17, 2024. Oliver, David (September 6, 2024). "These modern day Mormons are getting real about sex. But can they conquer reality TV?". USA Today
The Secret Lives of Mormon Wives
The_Secret_Lives_of_Mormon_Wives
the LDS Church "pornography and masturbation are banned," and quoted two Mormons who said they were taught masturbation was "satanic" and "just below murder
LDS_Church_and_masturbation
Zimbabwean religious leader (born 1962)
presidents", Church News, 21 February 2009. Retrieved on 22 February 2020. "Black Mormons Assess Church’s Racial Progress", The New York Times, 10 October 2015
Edward_Dube
Folklore surrounding Mormon tradition
Mormon folklore includes tales, oral history, popular beliefs, customs, music, jokes, and material culture traditions. In folklore studies, Mormons can
Mormon_folklore
Sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement
propounded, nicknaming them "Mormons". Early Mormons also cultivated their own individual relationships with the Book of Mormon. Reading the book became an
Book_of_Mormon
Ghanaian sprinter
Author, Etc". Modern Ghana. Retrieved 2020-10-24. "Kenneth Andam - Famous Mormons". famousmormons.net. Retrieved 2020-10-24. Andam, Kenneth (1998). "Personal
Kenneth_Andam
Egide Nzojibwami is a geologist and academic who was the first Burundian national to become a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Egide_Nzojibwami
Member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
"Blacks flocking to Mormon life". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. p. 7. Retrieved 5 May 2025. Hirsley Ramirez, Margaret (Aug 6, 2005). "Mormons: Black
Catherine_Stokes
1866 racist hate crime lynching in Utah
Thomas Coleman (c. 1832 – December 10, 1866), a Black man formerly enslaved by Mormons, was murdered in 1866 in Salt Lake City, Utah. Sources report the
Murder_of_Thomas_Coleman
Blessing in the Latter Day Saint movement
revealed in earlier years, that practice is no longer common. Some former Mormons and LDS Church critics have said that patriarchal blessings are similar
Patriarchal blessing (Latter Day Saints)
Patriarchal_blessing_(Latter_Day_Saints)
Zimbabwean Latter Day Saint (born 1925)
Sibanda (born 25 December 1925) was either the first or one of the first black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in what is today
Ernest_Sibanda
Press. 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2019. Mahas, Jeffrey D. "Century of Black Mormons: Ball, Joseph T." J. Willard Marriot Library. University of Utah. Bennet
Joseph_T._Ball
Armed conflict in the Utah Territory in 1857–1858
by Mormon pioneers. Although the migrants brought opportunities for trade, they also ended the Mormons' short-lived isolation. In 1849, the Mormons proposed
Utah_War
American novelist
2017. "Nobody Knows: The Untold Story of Black Mormons (2008) - IMDb". Retrieved 8 April 2025. "I Am Jane - Mormon Literature & Creative Arts Database -
Margaret_Blair_Young
19th-century African-American Mormon pioneer
Brigham Young University. Mueller 2017. Wolfinger 1893. "Century of Black Mormons · James, Jane Elizabeth Manning · J. Willard Marriott Library Exhibits"
Jane_Manning_James
Nigerian-Canadian gridiron football player (born 1965)
Mohammed Thomas David "Mo" Elewonibi (born December 16, 1965) is a Nigerian-Canadian former offensive lineman who played in the National Football League
Mo_Elewonibi
Early African-American LDS Church member
Mormons were exposed to a larger population of blacks, and anti-black political attitudes continued to increase among church members. Other black members
Elijah_Abel
History of black segregation by LDS Church
1976). "Mormon School Elects a Black to Student Office". New York Times. p. 38. Stewart, Amy K. (February 12, 2002). "BYU elects first black student president"
Black segregation and the LDS Church
Black_segregation_and_the_LDS_Church
wanted to distance Mormons from abolitionists, since many Mormons were living in Missouri, a pro-slavery state. After the Mormons were forced out of Missouri
Civil_rights_and_Mormonism
of Walkara, insisted that because the Mormons had stopped the Mexicans from buying certain children, the Mormons were obligated to purchase them. In his
Mormonism_and_slavery
City: Deseret Book. pp. 61–72. ISBN 0-87579-310-X. OCLC 20828527. Black Mormons Black people and Mormonism Florence, Giles H. Jr. (April 1990), "Julia
Julia_Mavimbela
Kenyan politician (born 1978)
Leonard, Wendy. "Utah Mormon running for president of Kenya". Deseret News. Retrieved 4/11/17. Stack, Peggy. "Mormon and black: Amram Musungu is undeterred"
Amram_Musungu
Mormon leader
Article ID: 1153738 (NewsBank) Darrick Evenson. "Some Prominent Black Mormons". The Black Mormon Homepage. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved
Joseph_Freeman_(Mormon)
American actor (1946–2024)
, Evenson (2001), "Question 25: Does racism exist among Mormons?", The Mormon Faith & Black Folks, archived from the original on 2012-11-10, retrieved
Alan_Cherry
African-American man expelled from the LDS Church (fl.1811-1854)
the Mormon leadership into an anti-Black position" and may have prompted Brigham Young to institute the priesthood and temple ordinance ban on black people
William_McCary
American historian
documentary with Young as well: "Nobody Knows: The Untold Story of Black Mormons." Utah's NAACP honored him with its Martin Luther King Jr. award in
Darius_Gray
LGBTQ people in the Latter Day Saint community
ISBN 978-0-472-06858-6. Hunter, J. Michael (2013). "Maude Adams and the Mormons". Mormons and Popular Culture: The Global Influence of an American Phenomenon
LGBTQ Mormon people and organizations
LGBTQ_Mormon_people_and_organizations
Founder of the Latter Day Saint movement (1805–1844)
bands exchanged fire, killing one Mormon and two non-Mormons, until the old settlers forcibly expelled the Mormons from the county. After petitions to
Joseph_Smith
American religious leader (1801–1877)
between the Mormons' arrival in Utah in 1847 and [his death in] 1877, Young directed the founding of 350 towns in the Southwest. Thereby the Mormons became
Brigham_Young
American pathology researcher (born 1948)
Heal': The Making of Nobody Knows: The Untold Story of Black Mormons". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 42 (3): 74–128. doi:10.5406/dialjmormthou.42
Gregory_Prince
Ute war chief
35 years old. This marked the start of what the Mormons later named "The Black Hawk War". The Black Hawk War in Utah began in 1865 and ended in 1872
Antonga_Black_Hawk
Haiti-Utah lawyer and Haitian presidential candidate (2005)
Alexandre Paul was an independent candidate for president in the 2005 Haitian election. Born in Port-au-Prince, he graduated from the Petit Seminaire College
Alexandre_Paul
met LDS Church missionaries and received from them a copy of the Book of Mormon in Portuguese. He was baptized into the LDS Church on 14 January 1990 in
Chico_Mapenda
Cole (a.k.a. Big Love, Black Mormon) (Edi Gathegi) is #18. A graduate of Brigham Young University, Cole is a practicing Mormon which draws the ire of
List_of_House_characters
African-American Jews Black Judaism Black Mormons Black people and Mormonism Black Catholicism T. D. Jakes Christian hip hop Black Gospel music Louisiana Voodoo
Religion_of_Black_Americans
Advocates of some early Mormon doctrines
Church). Mormon fundamentalists seek to uphold tenets and practices no longer held by mainstream Mormons. The principle most often associated with Mormon fundamentalism
Mormon_fundamentalism
movement portal Black people and Mormon priesthood Black people and Mormonism Stuart, Joseph R. "Pugh, Mary Lee Hope". Century of Black Mormons. “Testimony
Mary_Lee_Pugh_Hope
Mormon podcast
Guests have included a number of "NeverMos" (short for "never-Mormons") and former Mormons who have either backgrounds in "comparative religions/cults"
Mormon_Stories_Podcast
American Poet
Sugar House Review "Salt Lake", Sugar House Review Golden Ax Black Mormons The ABCs of Black History. July 1, 2022. ISBN 978-1-5235-0749-8. "Golden Ax by
Rio_Cortez
1852 law making slavery legal in the Utah Territory
in Congress. Smith also pointed out that several Mormons owned slaves, partially because the Mormons had actively proselyted in the Southern United States
Act_in_Relation_to_Service
Early member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (born c.1775)
News. Salt Lake City, Utah. Retrieved September 25, 2018. "The First Black Mormon Leader: Pete". wheatandtares.org. Wordpress. January 16, 2012. Retrieved
Peter_Kerr_(priest)
2022 American television miniseries
portrayals of Mormons as inherently violent. McKay Coppins, a Mormon journalist, stated in an article in The Atlantic that the series demonizes Mormons and misrepresents
Under the Banner of Heaven (miniseries)
Under_the_Banner_of_Heaven_(miniseries)
Mormon food culture
argues that Mormon foodways in the west were distinct from those of miners, Native Americans, and other non-Mormons in the same area. Mormons used seasonal
Mormon_foodways
Military unit
US Dragoons (cavalry), and the battalion of Mormons. For years afterward, some Mormons viewed the Mormon Battalion as an unjust imposition and as an act
Mormon_Battalion
Undergarments used by adherents of the Latter Day Saint movement
Stuever, Hank (February 26, 2002). "Unmentionable No Longer: What Do Mormons Wear? A Polite Smile, if Asked About 'the Garment'". Washington Post. p
Temple_garment
Biblical curse imposed on Canaan
Bush, Lester E. Jr.; Mauss, Armand L., eds. (1984). Neither White Nor Black: Mormon Scholars Confront the Race Issue in a Universal Church. Salt Lake City
Curse_of_Ham
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints lifted its restriction on black people holding the priesthood (in June), in leadership training meetings
Anthony_Obinna
Doctrine in the history of Mormonism
disposing of people who threatened the Mormon prophet or the Latter-day Saint organization. Again, not many Mormons know this detail of Church history, but
Blood_atonement
American politician (1975–2025)
from the original on November 4, 2014. Saulny, Susan (May 22, 2012). "Black Mormons and the Politics of Identity". The New York Times. Archived from the
Mia_Love
American filmmaker
critic Jeff Vice, of the Deseret News, dubbed Dutcher "The Godfather of Mormon Cinema," a title that is very important personally for Dutcher. In 2007
Richard_Dutcher
American influencer, model, and reality show cast member
cast member best known for being a main character in The Secret Lives of Mormon Wives. She is the youngest main cast member, and the only person of color
Layla_Taylor
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