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Mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines
Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines that prevents the normal movement
Bowel_obstruction
Disruption to the propulsive ability of the intestine
caused either by bowel obstruction or by intestinal atony or paralysis. However, instances with symptoms and signs of a bowel obstruction occur, but with
Ileus
Expulsion of feces from the digestive tract
large bowel obstruction is less common than small bowel obstruction, but is still associated with a high mortality rate. Large bowel obstruction, also
Defecation
Hole in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract
the abdominal wall and sepsis. Perforation may be caused by trauma, bowel obstruction, diverticulitis, stomach ulcers, cancer, or infection. A CT scan is
Gastrointestinal_perforation
Twisting of part of the intestine, causing a bowel obstruction
A volvulus is a bowel obstruction resulting from a loop of intestine twisting around itself and its supporting mesentery. Symptoms include abdominal pain
Volvulus
Blockage of the intestines in children
Neonatal bowel obstruction (NBO) or neonatal intestinal obstruction is the most common surgical emergency in the neonatal period. It may occur due to a
Neonatal_bowel_obstruction
Surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine is removed
resection may be performed to treat gastrointestinal cancer, bowel ischemia, necrosis, or obstruction due to scar tissue, volvulus, and hernias. Some patients
Bowel_resection
Radiologic sign seen in small bowel obstruction
The small bowel feces sign is a radiological finding observed in radiological imaging studies, particularly in cases of small bowel obstruction. It is characterized
Small_bowel_faeces_sign
Injury to the intestine resulting from insufficient blood flow
ischemia) and other causes of bowel obstruction. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain. Primary vascular causes of bowel infarction, also known as mesenteric
Bowel_infarction
Folding of part of the intestine into itself
bloody stool. It often results in a small bowel obstruction. Other complications may include peritonitis or bowel perforation. The cause in children is typically
Intussusception (medical disorder)
Intussusception_(medical_disorder)
Medical symptom
and/or vomiting include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and malignant bowel obstruction. Anticipatory nausea and vomiting may also occur. Nausea and vomiting
Cancer_and_nausea
Infrequent or difficult bowel movements
Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry. Other symptoms may include
Constipation
Stomach aches
systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa Small bowel obstruction Irritable bowel syndrome Metabolic disorders: ketoacidosis, porphyria, familial
Abdominal_pain
Functional gastrointestinal disorder
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that commonly include abdominal pain, abdominal
Irritable_bowel_syndrome
Medical symptom or condition
many others. Obstructing disorders Gastric outlet obstruction Small bowel obstruction Colonic obstruction Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Enteric infections
Nausea
Abnormal exit of tissues or organs from the cavity they usually reside in
sidewall of the bowel, which can result in bowel strangulation leading to perforation through ischaemia without causing bowel obstruction or any of its
Hernia
Disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides
However, they can rarely cause bowel perforations by inducing volvulus and closed-loop obstruction. Bowel obstruction may occur in up to 0.2 per 1000
Ascariasis
Organ in the gastrointestinal tract
The small intestine or small bowel is an organ in the gastrointestinal tract where most of the absorption of nutrients from food takes place. It lies
Small_intestine
Narrowing of rectum
lumen of the rectum which presents a partial or complete obstruction to the movement of bowel contents. A rectal stricture is located deeper inside the
Rectal_stricture
Abnormal presence of gases in the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen
duodenum. Perforated peptic ulcer Bowel obstruction Ruptured diverticulum Penetrating trauma Ruptured inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., megacolon) Necrotising
Pneumoperitoneum
Birth defect in which the intestine lacks certain nerves
year of life. Complications may include enterocolitis, megacolon, bowel obstruction and intestinal perforation. The disorder may occur by itself or in
Hirschsprung's_disease
Topics referred to by the same term
Airway obstruction, a respiratory problem Recurrent airway obstruction Bowel obstruction, a blockage of the intestines Gastric outlet obstruction Distal
Obstruction
Surgical removal of the uterus
part of the pelvis into which a loop of bowel may easily fall. In one review, incidence of small bowel obstruction due to intestinal adhesion was found to
Hysterectomy
Digestive disease of the large intestine
Sometimes, inflamed diverticula can cause narrowing of the bowel, leading to an obstruction. In some cases, the affected part of the colon adheres to the
Diverticulitis
Type of inflammatory bowel disease
infections, as well as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum. Bowel obstruction may occur as a complication of chronic inflammation, and those with
Crohn's_disease
Medical condition
Short bowel syndrome (SBS, or simply short gut) is a rare malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine. The primary symptom is
Short_bowel_syndrome
Type of bariatric surgery
hernia may result from surgery and re-arrangement of the bowel and is a cause of bowel obstruction. Antecolic antegastric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Gastric_bypass_surgery
Illnesses of the digestive system
include faecal impaction and bowel obstruction, which may in turn be caused by ileus, intussusception, volvulus. Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition of
Gastrointestinal_disease
Cancer of the colon or rectum
Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, intestinal cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum
Colorectal_cancer
Entrance of abdominal organs into the middle chest through the diaphragm
pains. Complications may include iron deficiency anemia, volvulus, or bowel obstruction. The most common risk factors are obesity and older age. Other risk
Hiatal_hernia
Radiologic sign in small bowel obstruction
context of small bowel obstruction on abdominal X-rays or computed tomography scans. It refers to the appearance of multiple, dilated small bowel loops arranged
Stepladder_sign
Pattern seen during radiologic examination
radiographs that specified the presence of a sigmoid volvulus, a form of bowel obstruction. It can be identified on both abdominal x-rays and abdominal computed
Coffee_bean_sign
Medical condition
of motor neurons leading to the bowels. Bowel obstruction: mechanical or functional obstruction of the bowel, most commonly due to adhesions, hernias
Intestinal_pseudo-obstruction
Restriction of blood flow to the small intestine resulting in injury
often used. The accuracy of the CT scan depends on whether a small bowel obstruction (SBO) is present. SBO absent prevalence of intestinal ischemia 23%
Intestinal_ischemia
Fibrous bands that form between tissues and organs, usually due to injury
result in complications such as abdominal pain or intestinal obstruction. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a significant consequence of post-surgical adhesions
Adhesion_(medicine)
Medical condition
colon. It is a common cause of bowel obstruction and constipation. It is common in Asia, India (7% of intestinal obstruction) and especially South India
Sigmoid_colon_volvulus
Medical condition of blood in the feces
another part of the hollow GI tract (fistula), or blockage of the bowel (obstruction). Meckel's diverticulum is a congenital remnant of the omphalo-mesenteric
Blood_in_stool
Solid buildup of feces in the rectum due to chronic constipation
liquid stool passing around the obstruction Abdominal pain and bloating Loss of appetite Complications include bowel obstruction, necrosis and ulcers of the
Fecal_impaction
Medical intervention
Unfortunately, this treatment can result in the potential of developing small bowel obstruction in a minority of cases, necessitating surgical intervention. It is
Carbonated soda treatment of phytobezoars
Carbonated_soda_treatment_of_phytobezoars
Medical condition
abdominal distension, dehydration, and diarrhea. In severe cases of bowel obstruction or constipation (such as those related to clozapine treatment) fecal
Fecal_vomiting
Medical condition
pancreatic insufficiency. Individuals with DIOS may be predisposed to bowel obstruction, though it is a separate entity than true constipation. Signs and
Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome
Distal_intestinal_obstruction_syndrome
Findings in an abdominal radiograph
condition where a large gallstone causes bowel obstruction. Rigler's triad consists of: (1) small bowel obstruction, (2) a gallstone outside the gallbladder
Rigler's_triad
Medical condition
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC)
Inflammatory_bowel_disease
Birth defect which affects the intestines
congenital malformation of the structure of the intestine that causes bowel obstruction. The malformation can be a narrowing (stenosis), absence or malrotation
Intestinal_atresia
Medical condition
lead to significant complications such as chronic abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, and prolonged recovery times following surgical interventions. Common
Hostile_abdomen
Protrusion of abdominal contents through the femoral canal
obstruction. A strangulated femoral hernia occurs when a constriction of the hernia limits or completely obstructs blood supply to part of the bowel involved
Femoral_hernia
Suspected bowel obstruction or gastrointestinal perforation; Abdominal x-ray will demonstrate most cases of bowel obstruction, by showing dilated bowel loops
Abdominal_x-ray
Bowel movement consisting of fresh blood
associated with intussusception. In adolescents and young adults, inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis, is a serious cause of hematochezia
Hematochezia
Inflammation of abdominal organ lining
nausea, vomiting and bloating Reduced or no passage of abdominal gas and bowel sound Sequestration of fluid and electrolytes, as revealed by decreased
Peritonitis
Medical condition
small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SBBOS), is a disorder of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine. Unlike the colon (or large bowel),
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Small_intestinal_bacterial_overgrowth
Medical condition
of small bowel obstruction caused by an impaction of a gallstone within the lumen of the small intestine. Such a gallstone enters the bowel via a cholecysto-enteric
Gallstone_ileus
Medical condition
Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a medical condition where there is an obstruction at the level of the pylorus, which is the outlet of the stomach.
Gastric_outlet_obstruction
Medical condition
irritable bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance, reflux, and constipation. Specific medical conditions like Crohn's disease or bowel obstruction can also
Bloating
Medical process
hemodynamic instability, uncontrollable intractable vomiting, bowel obstruction, bowel perforation, and in patients with a decreased level of consciousness
Whole_bowel_irrigation
Narrowing of the lower esophagus due to mucosal or muscular tissue
force through the food material and resume eating. However, complete obstruction of the esophagus by a bolus of food (often called steakhouse syndrome)
Schatzki_ring
Condition of the wall of the intestine
X-ray may show signs of a thickened wall, ileus, constipation, small bowel obstruction or free air in the case of perforation. Plain X-rays are insufficient
Diverticulosis
Abnormal dilation of the large intestine
is often accompanied by a paralysis of the peristaltic movements of the bowel. In more extreme cases, the feces consolidate into hard masses inside the
Megacolon
Presence of excess fat in feces
protozoan parasite infection), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, short bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and abetalipoproteinemia. Other causes: Drugs that
Steatorrhea
Medical condition
sub-occlusive episode. Patients with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction that involves the small bowel commonly present with symptoms such as constipation, abdominal
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Chronic_intestinal_pseudo-obstruction
American serial killer (1962–2003)
guilty and was sentenced to death for the murders, but died from a bowel obstruction at the Utah State Prison before the sentence could be carried out
Roberto_Arguelles
British gynecological surgeon (1872–1953)
scenarios including the functioning of bowel after major surgery. The subject of intestinal drainage in bowel obstruction and peritonitis was later much discussed
Victor_Bonney
Medical condition
peritoneum can partially or completely encase the bowel, leading to recurrent or persistent bowel obstruction and malnutrition. Terminology for this condition
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis
Encapsulating_peritoneal_sclerosis
Intravenous feeding
gastrointestinal tract or who have disorders requiring complete bowel rest, including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, gastroschisis, gastroparesis, prolonged
Parenteral_nutrition
Protrusion of abdominal contents through the abdominal wall
tend to resolve without any treatment by around the age of 2–3 years. Obstruction and strangulation of the hernia is rare because the underlying defect
Umbilical_hernia
Growth found in bowel wall
symptomatic hypokalemia. Occasionally, if a polyp is big enough to cause a bowel obstruction, there may be nausea, vomiting and severe constipation. Polyps are
Colorectal_polyp
Impaired flow of bile from the liver to the small intestine
location of the obstruction but, is often insufficient in determining the level of biliary obstruction or its cause because it can pick up bowel gas that may
Cholestasis
Surgical condition
intermittent pain, a lump or mass, all which are classic signs of a bowel obstruction. The patient may have a protuberance when standing in an upright position
Spigelian_hernia
Type of metal poisoning
phase, metabolic acidosis and shock phase, hepatotoxicity phase, and bowel obstruction due to scarring. The first indication of iron poisoning occurs within
Iron_poisoning
Loose or liquid bowel movements
English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration
Diarrhea
Inflammation of the appendix
films may be useful for the detection of ureteral calculi, small bowel obstruction, or perforated ulcer, but these conditions are rarely confused with
Appendicitis
Disease where stones form in the gallbladder
causing a small bowel obstruction. This obstruction often occurs at previous surgical sites or at the ileocecal valve (the portion of the bowel where the small
Gallstone
Vietnamese that stands at 257.2 cm
Hồ Văn Trung (8 December 1984 – 2 November 2019) was one of only 29 known people in medical history to reach a height of 8 feet (244 cm) or more. He had
Hồ_Văn_Trung_(giant)
Blockage of the hepatic veins that drain the liver
Budd–Chiari syndrome is a condition when an occlusion or obstruction in the hepatic veins prevent normal outflow of blood from the liver. The symptoms
Budd–Chiari_syndrome
Injury caused by a bullet
the bullet, and can be fatal. Long-term complications can include bowel obstruction, failure to thrive, neurogenic bladder and paralysis, recurrent cardiorespiratory
Gunshot_wound
Potentially lethal large intestine emergency
and/or shock. Toxic megacolon is usually a complication of inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and, more rarely, Crohn's disease, and
Toxic_megacolon
Inflammation of the small intestine
23 July 2021. Friedman S, Blumberg RS (2022). "Chapter 326: Inflammatory Bowel Disease". Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (21st ed.). New York:
Enteritis
Abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane
(cont.)". Retrieved 2010-06-25. "Bowel cancer screening". Bowel Cancer UK. Retrieved 2025-07-23. "Your guide to NHS bowel cancer screening". GOV.UK. Retrieved
Polyp_(medicine)
Medical condition
prolapse. The factors that cause SCAD likely overlap with inflammatory bowel disease. There are four types of SCAD, which are categorized based on the
Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis
Segmental_colitis_associated_with_diverticulosis
Accumulation of pus in the pelvis
similar include ectopic pregnancy, PID, appendicitis, kidney stone, bowel obstruction, and sepsis following miscarriage or termination of pregnancy. Treatment
Pelvic_abscess
Inflammation of the colon (large intestine)
histopathology. A very small piece of tissue (usually about 2mm) is removed from the bowel mucosa during endoscopy and examined under the microscope by a histopathologist
Colitis
Condition in which tumours stimulate excessive gastric acid production
patients who have severe and recurrent ulceration of the stomach and small bowel, especially if they fail to respond to treatment. Chronic diarrhea, including
Zollinger–Ellison_syndrome
Inflammation of the large intestine due to insufficient blood supply
observantly; they may heal spontaneously over 12–24 months. If a bowel obstruction develops as a result of the stricture, surgical resection is the usual
Ischemic_colitis
Autoimmune disorder
Not all areas may be equally affected; if biopsies are taken from healthy bowel tissue, the result would be a false negative. Even in the same bioptic fragment
Coeliac_disease
Medical condition
Intestinal obstruction is the most common other illness that medical teams may suspect a person has, alongside small bowel obstruction, colon cancer
Obturator_hernia
Gas used as anesthetic and for pain relief
with at least 21% oxygen. It is not recommended in people with a bowel obstruction or pneumothorax. Use in the early part of pregnancy is not recommended
Nitrous_oxide_(medication)
Medical condition
Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is an esophageal motility disorder characterized by increased pressure where the esophagus connects
Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
Esophagogastric_junction_outflow_obstruction
Surgical procedure for management of obesity
rejoined segment), internal hernia, small bowel obstruction, kidney stones, and gallstones. Bowel obstruction tends to be more difficult to diagnose in
Bariatric_surgery
Protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal in the pelvis
pain or discomfort, especially with or following coughing, exercise, or bowel movements, are absent in about a third of patients. Symptoms often get worse
Inguinal_hernia
Inflammation of the pancreas
cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, perforated peptic ulcer, bowel infarction, small bowel obstruction, hepatitis, and mesenteric ischemia. Diagnosis requires
Pancreatitis
Effect of alcohol consumption on the human body
disease Vascular: Abdominal angina Intestinal ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction: Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Functional
Alcohol_flush_reaction
Medication for constipation, classified as an osmotic laxative
taken orally as a laxative are intestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, ileus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and toxic megacolon. The doses of macrogol
Macrogol
Pinching of the intestine between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery
Malnutrition Median arcuate ligament syndrome Nutcracker syndrome Small bowel obstruction Rare diseases Visceroptosis Wasting Shetty AK, Schmidt-Sommerfeld
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Superior_mesenteric_artery_syndrome
Medical condition
disease is lethal if untreated, with death occurring via cachexia, bowel obstruction, or other types of complications. This disease is most commonly caused
Pseudomyxoma_peritonei
Inflammation of the anus and rectum
6 inches of the rectum. A common symptom is a continual urge to have a bowel movement (tenesmus)—the rectum could feel full or have constipation. Another
Proctitis
Medical condition
pseudo-obstruction as a result of a chronic disease or a congenital condition. Usually the patient has abdominal distention, pain and altered bowel movements
Ogilvie_syndrome
Plant used as a dietary fiber
without adequate water as it thickens in the throat. Psyllium can cause bowel obstructions or bezoars, if taken without adequate amounts of water. Psyllium can
Psyllium
Mass found trapped in or adjacent to the gastrointestinal system
Liat; Almogy, Gidon (November 2008). "Unexpected cause of large bowel obstruction: colonic bezoar". The Israel Medical Association Journal. 10 (11):
Bezoar
Medical condition
suffer pain. Nausea and vomiting Steatorrhea: Frequent, oily, foul-smelling bowel movements. Damage to the pancreas can reduce the production of pancreatic
Chronic_pancreatitis
American singer-songwriter (1968–2023)
age 54. According to the autopsy report, Presley died from a small bowel obstruction caused by complications of a prior bariatric surgery. A toxicology
Lisa_Marie_Presley
Intestinal disease affecting infants
accompany prematurity. Long-term complications of medical NEC include bowel obstruction and anemia. In the United States, NEC caused 355 deaths per 100,000
Necrotizing_enterocolitis
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