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Transitional Iberian dialect
Cantabrian (cántabru, in Cantabrian) is a vernacular Romance linguistic variety, most often classified as part of the Asturleonese linguistic group. It
Cantabrian_language
Romance language spoken in Spain and Portugal
Asturian, Leonese, Cantabrian, Extremaduran, and Mirandese. Asturleonese has been classified by UNESCO as an endangered language, as the varieties are
Asturleonese_language
Mountain range in Spain
The Cantabrian Mountains or Cantabrian Range (Spanish: Cordillera Cantábrica) are one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. They stretch for
Cantabrian_Mountains
Ethnic group
The Cantabrians (Cantabrian and Spanish: cántabros) are the people who inhabit the autonomous community of Cantabria, in northern Spain. They are sometimes
Cantabrian_people
Branch of the Iberian Romance languages
are Asturian, Leonese, and Mirandese. Cantabrian and Extremaduran are considered codialects of the Leonese language for UNESCO, whereas the latter is a
West_Iberian_languages
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Cantabrian Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw
2027 Cantabrian regional election
2027_Cantabrian_regional_election
Sea in the southern Bay of Biscay off the coast of Spain
The Cantabrian Sea is the term used mostly in Spain to describe the coastal sea of the Atlantic Ocean that borders the northern coast of Spain and the
Cantabrian_Sea
Direct descendants of Vulgar Latin
and transcription delimiters. The Romance languages, also known as the Latin languages, are the languages that directly descended from Vulgar Latin.
Romance_languages
Romance language
Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the
Spanish_language
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Cantabrian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Cantabrian or Cantabrians may refer to: People and things related to the modern Spanish autonomous
Cantabrian
A flag of Cantabria, northern Spain
The Cantabrian labarum (Cantabrian: lábaru cántabru or Spanish: lábaro cántabro) is a modern interpretation of the ancient military standard known by the
Cantabrian_labarum
Final stage of the Roman conquest of Hispania
The Cantabrian Wars (29–19 BC) (Bellum Cantabricum), sometimes also referred to as the Cantabrian and Asturian Wars (Bellum Cantabricum et Asturicum)
Cantabrian_Wars
Autonomous community and province of Spain
Palencia and Burgos), on the west by Asturias, and on the north by the Cantabrian Sea, which forms part of the Bay of Biscay. With a population of 593,623
Cantabria
Lapurdian Souletin Indo-European languages Italic languages Romance languages Aragonese Astur-Leonese Asturian Cantabrian (co-dialect with Spanish) Leonese
Languages of the Iberian Peninsula
Languages_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula
Population of brown bear
The Cantabrian brown bear, Iberian brown bear, or Iberian bear (formerly Ursus arctos pyrenaicus) is a population of Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos
Cantabrian_brown_bear
Romance language
Leonese, Asturian, Extremaduran and Cantabrian (Astur-Leonese languages). Mirandese is the only recognised regional language spoken in Portugal (beside Portuguese
Portuguese_language
Natural region in Northern Spain
The Cantabrian Coast, often also Green Spain (Spanish: España Verde), is a lush natural region in Northern Spain, stretching along the Atlantic coast from
Cantabrian_Coast
1980 Spanish film
The Cantabrians (Spanish: Los Cántabros) is a 1980 sword and sandal film about the Cantabrian Wars, starring and directed by Paul Naschy. The film describes
The_Cantabrians
Cantabrian mythology refers to the myths, teachings and legends of the Cantabri, a pre-Roman Celtic people of the north coastal region of Iberia (Spain)
Cantabrian_mythology
Ancient Iberian monuments
The Cantabrian stelae are monolithic stone disks of different sizes, whose early precedents were carved in the last centuries before the romanization of
Cantabrian_stelae
Language group from the Iberian Peninsula
Occitanic Gardiol Occitan Shuadit† West Iberian Asturleonese Asturian Cantabrian Extremaduran Leonese Mirandese Castilian Spanish Judaeo-Spanish Galician-Portuguese
Iberian_Romance_languages
Asturleonese language
languages of the Asturoleonese group: Mirandese people Asturian language Extremaduran language Leonese language Cantabrian dialect Portals: Languages
Mirandese_language
a different language independent of Spanish.[citation needed] Five very localised dialects are of difficult filiation: Fala; Cantabrian and Extremaduran
Languages_of_Spain
Romance language of the West Iberian group
separating them from the rest of Asturias. Cantabrian was listed in the 2009 UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. The inclusion of Eonavian (spoken
Asturian_language
Wooden shoe
A Cantabrian albarca is a rustic wooden shoe in one piece, which has been used particularly by the peasants of Cantabria, Spain. In the neighbouring province
Cantabrian_albarcas
Pre-Roman people of ancient Iberia
The Cantabri (Ancient Greek: Καντάβροι, Kantabroi) or Ancient Cantabrians were a pre-Roman people and large tribal federation that lived in the northern
Cantabri
Romance subfamily of centro-southern Italy and Corsica
The Italo-Dalmatian languages, or Central Romance languages, are a group of Romance languages spoken in Italy, Corsica (France), and Croatia (Southwestern
Italo-Dalmatian_languages
Language of the ancient Aquitani people
the Cantabrian coast and the Ebro, in the area of present-day Navarre. Aquitanian is related to Basque, both being classified as Vasconic languages. The
Aquitanian_language
Subdivision of the Romance languages
Galician-Portuguese languages: includes Portuguese, Galician and Fala. The Astur-Leonese languages: they are, from east to west, Cantabrian, central-eastern
Western_Romance_languages
Eastern Astur-Leonese (Cantabrian-Extremaduran) Cantabrian (Romance Cantabrian) (Cántabru / Montañés) Western Cantabrian Central Cantabrian Pasiego (Pasiegu)
List of Indo-European languages
List_of_Indo-European_languages
Bolivia Cantabrian – cántabru, montañés Spoken in: the Spanish autonomous communities of Cantabria and Asturias Cantonese – 廣東話 Official language in: Hong
List_of_language_names
Corocotta is a local hero for Cantabrians and his story is passed down orally in Cantabrian families from the elder generations to the younger. According
Corocotta
Good fairies of Cantabria
The Anjana (Cantabrian: (Western) [anˈhana], (Eastern)[an.xa.nɜ]; Spanish: [anˈxana]) (from jana, a former word for witches during the Middle Ages) are
Anjana_(Cantabrian_mythology)
Spanish painter
had a reputation as an author, among his works being one on the Basque language (Discursos de la antigüedad de la lengua cántabra Bascongada, Mexico, 1607)
Baltasar_de_Echave
Giant in Cantabrian mythology
The Ojáncanu (Cantabrian: [oˈhankanu]) is a cyclops-like giant found in Cantabrian mythology, and is an embodiment of cruelty and brutality. It appears
Ojáncanu
Romance language branch
Portuguese, Galician, and Fala. The Astur-Leonese languages: they are, from east to west, Cantabrian, central-eastern Asturian and Leonese proper. Going
Italo-Western_languages
Mountain range in Spain
mountain range extending for about 20 km (12 mi), forming part of the Cantabrian Mountains in northern Spain. The range is situated in the Autonomous Communities
Picos_de_Europa
Set of varieties of Spanish language
to language contact. A simple, north-south division is: northern dialects (Castilian Spanish (including Madrid Spanish), Leonese Spanish, Cantabrian Spanish
Peninsular_Spanish
Zenati Berber language of northern Morocco
known as Riffian; endonym: Tmaziɣt or Tarifit/Tarifect) is a Zenati Berber language spoken in the Rif region in northern Morocco. It is spoken natively by
Tarifit
Country in Southern and Western Europe
the Pyrenees, the main mountain ranges are the Cordillera Cantábrica (Cantabrian Range), Sistema Ibérico (Iberian System), Sistema Central (Central System)
Spain
Garci Lasso de la Vega I, also known as "el Viejo" (d. 1328, Soria) was a Spanish noble in the service of King Alfonso XI of Castile. He was the chancellor
Garci_Lasso_de_la_Vega_I
Cave with prehistoric paintings in Spain
in the Franco-Cantabrian region had accumulated and the evidence could no longer be rejected. Altamira is located in the Franco-Cantabrian region and in
Cave_of_Altamira
The Cantabrian Expedition (in Spanish: Expedición Cántabra) was a joint Anglo-Spanish landing operation set in motion towards the end of 1810, during the
Cantabrian_Expedition
Reconstructed ancestor of the Romance languages
comparative method to reconstruct the latest common ancestor of the Romance languages. The closest real-life counterpart to Proto-Romance would have been a
Proto-Romance_language
Creature in Asturian and Cantabrian mythology
Cuélebre (Asturian) or Culebre (Cantabrian) is a legendary creature in the mythology of Asturias and Cantabria in northern Spain. It is depicted as a giant
Cuélebre
Country in Southwestern Europe
is home to six terrestrial ecoregions: Azores temperate mixed forests, Cantabrian mixed forests, Madeira evergreen forests, Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous
Portugal
White wine
created in 2004 and 2005: Liébana wine and Costa de Cantabria wine. The Cantabrian region where the wine was called chacolí is included in the Costa de Cantabria
Txakoli
Garci Lasso de la Vega II, also known as “El Joven” ( ? - Burgos, 1351) was the son of Garci Lasso de la Vega "El Viejo" with his first wife, Juana de
Garci_Lasso_de_la_Vega_II
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 2023 Cantabrian regional election was held on 28 May 2023 to elect the 11th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 35 seats in the
2023 Cantabrian regional election
2023_Cantabrian_regional_election
Cultural and historic land of the Basque people
Castilian enclave in Araba. Valle de Villaverde (20 km2, 7.7 sq mi), a Cantabrian exclave in Biscay. Navarre also holds two small enclaves in Aragon, organised
Basque Country (greater region)
Basque_Country_(greater_region)
Romance language spoken in Spain
Spanish: extremeño) is a Western Romance language with some traits in common with the Asturleonese language, spoken primarily in northwestern Extremadura
Extremaduran_language
Anthem of Cantabria, Spain
"Himno a la Montaña" (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈimno a la monˈtaɲa], "Hymn to the Mountain"), or "Himno de Cantabria" ("Anthem of Cantabria"), is the official
Himno_a_la_Montaña
Ancient tribal complex in Northwest Iberia
their actual language is under discussion (see Callaecian language). The region was annexed by the Romans from the Lusitanian to the Cantabrian Wars, which
Gallaeci
The Royal Cantabrian Football Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Cántabra de Fútbol; RFCF) is the body responsible for managing association football
Royal Cantabrian Football Federation
Royal_Cantabrian_Football_Federation
Spanish noble (died 730)
the common enemy. Other scholars have said, that Pelayo may have been a Cantabrian relative, defending the western access to the Duchy through his own county
Peter_of_Cantabria
National Park in Spain
National Park. Picos de Europa is one of several biosphere reserves in the Cantabrian Mountains which are being integrated into a single super-reserve to be
Picos_de_Europa_National_Park
Natural park and protected area in Spain
Natural de Somiedo) is a protected area located in the central area of the Cantabrian Mountains in the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain. As well as
Somiedo_Natural_Park
Roman general and statesman (c. 63–12 BC)
highly fictionalized version of the Cantabrian Wars in which Agrippa is depicted as the lover of the sister of Cantabrian leader Corocotta. Agrippa appears
Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa
Mountain range in Spain
Geographically the range is considered as the eastern section of the larger Cantabrian Range. The range runs through the Basque Autonomous Community and western
Basque_Mountains
Autonomous community and province of Spain
corner of France. Navarre is in the transition zone between the green Cantabrian Coast and semi-arid interior areas and thus its landscapes vary widely
Navarre
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 2011 Cantabrian regional election was held on 22 May 2011 to elect the 8th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 39 seats in the
2011 Cantabrian regional election
2011_Cantabrian_regional_election
Legendary Spanish man turned into a fish
the creature was allegedly exorcised and then interrogated in several languages without any success. After several days of questioning, the creature finally
Fish-man
Spanish blue cheese
Picón Bejes-Tresviso is a blue cheese from Cantabria, in the north of Spain. It has been protected under Denominación de Origen (DO) legislation since
Picón_Bejes-Tresviso
Autonomous community and province of Spain
(Castile and León) to the south, by Lugo (Galicia) to the west, and by the Cantabrian Sea to the north. With a population of about 1 million, it is one of the
Asturias
Seasonal pasture of north-west Spain
A braña is a seasonal pasture in the Cantabrian Mountains of northwest Spain, particularly in Asturias, Cantabria, and northern León. Brañas support several
Braña
One of the highest peaks of the Montaña Palentina, Spain
Pico Espigüete (2450 m) is a mountain in the Montaña Palentina, the mountainous far northern part of the province of Palencia in Castile and León, Spain
Espigüete
Topics referred to by the same term
CWD may refer to: Cantabrian Water Dog, Spanish dog breed Cell wall-deficient bacteria (or L forms) Chronic wasting disease, of deer Coarse woody debris
CWD
Dog breed
retrieve game in marshlands; and as an aid to inshore fishermen on the Cantabrian coast. In the twenty-first century it is kept principally as a companion
Spanish_Water_Dog
Mechanical stringed musical instrument
is mostly used in French, Occitan, Aragonese, Cajun French, Asturian, Cantabrian, Galician, Hungarian, and Slavic folk music. It can also be seen in early
Hurdy-gurdy
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 2015 Cantabrian regional election was held on 24 May 2015 to elect the 9th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 35 seats in the
2015 Cantabrian regional election
2015_Cantabrian_regional_election
Defunct political party in Spain
Elections Votes % MPs Cantabrian parliamentary election, 1991 99,289 34.93 15 Cantabrian parliamentary election, 1995 53,065 17.2 7 Cantabrian parliamentary election
Union for the Progress of Cantabria
Union_for_the_Progress_of_Cantabria
Cantabrian mythological creature
In Cantabrian mythology, a ramidreju (Cantabrian: [ramiˈdrehu]) is a creature said to inhabit the mountains and forests of Cantabria in northern Spain
Ramidreju
Spanish actor and soldier
training in the town of Lorca, province of Murcia, he was sent to the Cantabrian front with a rank of lieutenant. He died on 18 August 1937 during the
Rafael_Rodríguez_Rapún
November 1951 The decommissioned B-class submarine sank in a storm in the Cantabrian Sea off the northern coast of Spain while under tow to a shipbreaker.
List of shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
List_of_shipwrecks_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 1983 Cantabrian regional election was held on 8 May 1983 to elect the 1st Regional Assembly of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 35 seats
1983 Cantabrian regional election
1983_Cantabrian_regional_election
Ethnic group
Cantabrian people Castilian people Catalan people Extremaduran people Galician people Leonese people Valencian people Vaqueiros de alzada Languages of
Spaniards
Topics referred to by the same term
Garci Lasso de la Vega I, Cantabrian noble who was executed by Alfonso XI of Castile in 1326 Garci Lasso de la Vega II, Cantabrian noble who was assassinated
De_la_Vega
People from historical Castile, Spain
Castilian-Basque aristocracy Spanish people Andalusian people Canarian people Cantabrian people Sephardic Jewish people Castile Castilian Spanish Castile (historical
Castilians
Asturias includes everything from when the Paleolithic tribes settled in the Cantabrian Coast to the modern post-industrial society of today. On the etymology
History_of_Asturias
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 2003 Cantabrian regional election was held on 25 May 2003 to elect the 6th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 39 seats in the
2003 Cantabrian regional election
2003_Cantabrian_regional_election
Tribe in Cantabria, Spain
The Avarigines or Avarigini were a Cantabrian tribe that lived on the eastern side of the river Namnasa, the modern Nansa, along its middle and upper parts
Avarigines
na diversidá Basque: Aniztasunean bat eginik Breton: Unanet el liested Cantabrian: Aunía ena diversidá Catalan: Units en la diversitat Corsican: Uniti in
Motto_of_the_European_Union
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 2019 Cantabrian regional election was held on 26 May 2019 to elect the 10th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 35 seats in the
2019 Cantabrian regional election
2019_Cantabrian_regional_election
Province of Spain
Coruña, and León, the principality of Asturias, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay). The population is 325,048, of which over a quarter
Province_of_Lugo
1808 Battle of the Peninsular War
and 11 November 1808 at the village of Espinosa de los Monteros in the Cantabrian Mountains. It resulted in a French victory under Marshal Victor against
Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros
Battle_of_Espinosa_de_los_Monteros
Ethnic group native to Galicia, Spain
who shared the same culture and language in the north-west, from the Douro River valley in the south to the Cantabrian Sea in the north and west to the
Galicians
Pamplona (Navarre) is currently under development as a part of the Two Seas (Cantabrian-Mediterranean) corridor. The section between Castejon and Pamplona (both
High-speed_rail_in_Spain
Name list
villages of the Cantabri Celtic tribes, and played a key role in the Cantabrian wars during the Roman conquest of Hispania, and later, during the Visigothic
Amaya_(given_name)
Election in the Spanish region of Cantabria
The 1991 Cantabrian regional election was held on 26 May 1991 to elect the 3rd Regional Assembly of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 39 seats
1991 Cantabrian regional election
1991_Cantabrian_regional_election
Range of mountains in southwest Europe
Pyrenees extend nearly 500 kilometres (310 mi) from their union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean coast, reaching a maximum
Pyrenees
Ethnic group indigenous to North Africa
revolt challenged As-Samh's plans to settle Berbers in the Galician and Cantabrian mountains, and by the middle of the eighth century it seems there was
Berbers
Autonomous community in the northwest of Spain
León and Asturias to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Cantabrian Sea to the north. It had a population of 2,705,833 in 2024 and a total
Galicia_(Spain)
Group of large game birds
Despite this, peacock is usually used to refer to both sexes, in common language. The two Asiatic species are the blue or Indian peafowl originally from
Peafowl
Mountain in Asturias, Spain
of 2,519 metres and although it is by no means the highest peak of the Cantabrian mountain range, it can be considered the best-known summit in the world
Naranjo_de_Bulnes
Catalan architect (1852–1926)
annex to the Palacio de Sobrellano, for the Baron of Comillas, in the Cantabrian town of the same name. Known as El Capricho, it was commissioned by Máximo
Antoni_Gaudí
25 BCE siege
The siege of Aracillum was a siege of the Cantabrian Wars that occurred in 25 BC. The battle took place between the forces of the Roman Empire, which consisted
Siege_of_Aracillum
City in Spain
The city lies on the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, south of the Cantabrian Mountains in between the Bernesga and the Torío [es] rivers. The municipality
León,_Spain
Mountain in Spain
Curavacas is a prominent mountain in the Montaña Palentina, the mountainous northern part of the province of Palencia in Castile and León, Spain. At 2524
Curavacas
Name for a resident of a particular geographical area
semantically different from ethnonyms (names of ethnic groups). In the English language, there are many polysemic words that have several meanings (including demonymic
Demonym
Gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea
Golkoa). In Latin, the bay was known as Sinus Cantabrorum (Cantabrian Gulf); the name Cantabrian Sea is still used locally for the southern area of the Bay
Bay_of_Biscay
travel, tourism, insurance
CANTABRIAN LANGUAGE
CANTABRIAN LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
Portuguese and Galician
Portuguese and Galician : variant of Marta.Italian : probably from medieval Greek Martios ‘March’ or the Calabrian dialect word marti ‘Tuesday’, in either case probably denoting someone with some particular association with the month or the day.English : variant spelling of Mart 1.German : from a short form of Martin.
Girl/Female
Latin
From Cantabria.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
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