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Class of chemical compounds
Catecholamines A catecholamine (/ˌkætəˈkoʊləmiːn/; abbreviated CA), most typically a 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine, is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic
Catecholamine
Tumor of the adrenal medulla which secretes adrenal hormones
chromaffin cells and is a pharmacologically volatile, potentially lethal catecholamine-containing tumor of chromaffin tissue. It is part of the paraganglioma
Pheochromocytoma
The catecholamines are a group of neurotransmitters composed of the endogenous substances dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and adrenaline (epinephrine)
History of catecholamine research
History_of_catecholamine_research
Chemical compound
enzyme inhibitor and is therefore a drug involved in inhibiting the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway. AMPT inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase whose enzymatic
Α-Methyl-p-tyrosine
Drug class
A norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of norepinephrine (and epinephrine) and dopamine in the body
Norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent
Norepinephrine–dopamine_releasing_agent
Class of enzymes
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; EC 2.1.1.6) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine)
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Stimulant drug of the substituted phenethylamine class
effects in animals. In 2025, it was discovered that PPAP is a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor, including of dopamine and to a lesser extent of
Phenylpropylaminopentane
Related to catecholamines (dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline)
/kætɛkɒlɛmɛˈnərdʒɪk/ means "involving, liberating, or mediated by catecholamines." The catecholamine neurotransmitters include dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline)
Catecholaminergic
Drug that inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine
A norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) is a type of drug that inhibits the reuptake of the monoamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine and
Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Norepinephrine–dopamine_reuptake_inhibitor
Sudden temporary weakening of the heart muscle
pathophysiology is not well understood, but a sudden massive surge of catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline from extreme stress or a tumor
Takotsubo_cardiomyopathy
Chemical class of organic compounds
oxidase enzymes. Numerous endogenous compounds – including hormones, catecholamines such as dopamine and noradrenaline, and many trace amines (e.g. adrenaline
Substituted_phenethylamine
Endocrine gland
processes that take place in cortical cells. The medulla produces the catecholamines, which function to produce a rapid response throughout the body in stress
Adrenal_gland
Class of G protein-coupled receptors
are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced
Adrenergic_receptor
Hormone and medication
pressure. The adrenal medulla is a major contributor to total circulating catecholamines (L-DOPA is at a higher concentration in the plasma), though it contributes
Adrenaline
Drug class
Monoamine-depleting agents are a group of drugs which reversibly deplete one or more of the monoamine neurotransmitters – serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
Monoamine-depleting_agent
Class of compounds in the nervous system
have been identified. In 2025, it was discovered that PPAP is a potent catecholamine reuptake inhibitor, including of dopamine and to a lesser extent of
Monoaminergic activity enhancer
Monoaminergic_activity_enhancer
Psychoactive drug, often called ecstasy
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
MDMA
Central part of the adrenal gland
part of the adrenal gland, consisting of chromaffin cells that secrete catecholamines, including epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Adrenal_medulla
Monoamine metabolism inhibitor
is the α-methylated analogue of phenylalanine, the precursor of the catecholamine neurotransmitters, and the amino acid analogue of amphetamine (α-methylphenethylamine)
Α-Methylphenylalanine
Chemical compound
trace amine derived from the amino acid tyrosine. Tyramine acts as a catecholamine releasing agent. Notably, it is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier
Tyramine
Neuroendocrine cells found in adrenal medulla in mammals
adrenal medulla. This causes the release of catecholamines. The chromaffin cells release catecholamines: ~80% of adrenaline (epinephrine) and ~20% of
Chromaffin_cell
23 MORENA
Monoamine precursors are precursors of monoamines and monoamine neurotransmitters in the body. The amino acids L-tryptophan and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP;
Monoamine_precursor
Medical condition
to emotional stress—situations in which chemical messengers known as catecholamines, such as adrenaline, are released within the body. Blackouts may be
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Catecholaminergic_polymorphic_ventricular_tachycardia
Rate of relaxation in myocardial muscles
however, with catecholamine-induced calcium uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which increases lusitropy. Increased catecholamine levels promote
Lusitropy
Protein family
other than humans express a fourth α2D-adrenergic receptor as well. Catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) signal
Alpha-2_adrenergic_receptor
Pharmaceutical compound
aporphine alkaloid and dopamine receptor antagonist nuciferine. It is a catecholamine with an expanded phenanthrene ring system and contains the neurotransmitter
Atherosperminine
Chemical compound
artificial vanilla flavorings and is an end-stage metabolite of the catecholamines (epinephrine, and norepinephrine). It is produced via intermediary metabolites
Vanillylmandelic_acid
Chemical compound
(noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline), which are collectively known as catecholamines. Furthermore, l-DOPA itself mediates neurotrophic factor release by
L-DOPA
secretory cells which may be filled with neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines or neuropeptides. LDVCs release their content through SNARE-mediated
Large_dense_core_vesicles
Chemical compound
or infusions of catecholamines (e.g., dopamine or norepinephrine) to increase the blood pressure while sparing the use of catecholamines. These argipressins
Vasopressin_(medication)
Neurological phenomenon associated with urination
urination. Part of the SNS response to a full bladder is the release of catecholamines (including epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine), which are dispatched
Post-micturition convulsion syndrome
Post-micturition_convulsion_syndrome
Class of drugs
A serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI), also known as a triple reuptake inhibitor (TRI or TUI), is a type of drug that acts as
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine_reuptake_inhibitor
Organic chemical that functions both as a hormone and a neurotransmitter
several important roles in cells. It is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families. It is an amine synthesized by removing
Dopamine
Domesticated species of canid
and anatomical features. These genes have been shown to affect the catecholamine synthesis pathway, with the majority of the genes affecting the fight-or-flight
Dog
Substance that mimics effects of catecholamines
Chemical structures of the catecholamines Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic
Sympathomimetic_drug
Sudden increase in adrenaline and noradrenaline in the blood
adrenergic storm is a sudden and dramatic increase in serum levels of the catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline (also known as epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenergic_storm
Type of hormone
known stress hormones are: Cortisol, the main human stress hormone Catecholamines such as adrenaline and norepinephrine Vasopressin Growth hormone Stress
Stress_hormone
Pharmaceutical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
DEMPDHPCA
Intravenous medication used in anesthesia
prolonged infusion of high-dose propofol, sometimes in combination with catecholamines and/or corticosteroids. The respiratory effects of propofol are increased
Propofol
Catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter
called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter
Norepinephrine
Mental disorder associated with trauma
fight-or-flight response, in which both catecholamine and cortisol levels are elevated after exposure to a stressor. Brain catecholamine levels are high, and corticotropin-releasing
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic_stress_disorder
Dopamine regulatory membrane protein
Catecholamines up (Catsup) is a dopamine regulatory membrane protein that functions as a zinc ion transmembrane transporter (orthologous to ZIP7), and
Catecholamines_up
MDMA analogue
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
TDMA_(drug)
Connection of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla
catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine. Concomitantly, adrenocortical cells secrete corticosteroids. These hormones (i.e., catecholamines
Sympathoadrenal_system
Chemical compound
excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for catecholamine-secreting tumors such as pheochromocytoma. "Human Metabolome Database:
Normetanephrine
Heart muscle's ability to contract
sympathetic nervous system is driven by precisely timed releases of a catecholamine, which is a process that determines the concentration of calcium ions
Myocardial_contractility
Skipped human heartbeat with ventricular origin
possible underlying causes of PVCs include: Adrenaline excess Anemia Catecholamine excess Certain medicines such as tricyclic antidepressants, digoxin
Premature ventricular contraction
Premature_ventricular_contraction
Class of drugs
Dibenzazepines Valproates Others Nootropics: Racetams Phenylpiracetams Miscellaneous: 3-Benzazepines Adamantanes Catecholamines Tetrahydroisoquinolines Yohimbans
Nitazenes
Drug used to treat high blood pressure
antinoradrenergic effects, which are a result of its ability to deplete catecholamines (among other monoamine neurotransmitters) from peripheral sympathetic
Reserpine
Central nervous system stimulant
phenethylamine derivative which also shares part of its basic structure with catecholamines. Methylphenidate is a psychostimulant and increases the activity of
Methylphenidate
Nervous system delayed reaction
the opposed sympathetic nervous system via the hormones cortisol and catecholamines (such as adrenaline) suppresses the parasympathetic activities. When
Parasympathetic_rebound
Medical condition
is linked with elevated serum catecholamine levels. The characteristic halo hives are most likely caused by catecholamine-induced peripheral vasoconstriction
Adrenergic_urticaria
Tropane alkaloid and stimulant drug
Dibenzazepines Valproates Others Nootropics: Racetams Phenylpiracetams Miscellaneous: 3-Benzazepines Adamantanes Catecholamines Tetrahydroisoquinolines Yohimbans
Cocaine
American biochemist (1912–2004)
Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the release and reuptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters, a class of chemicals in the brain that include epinephrine
Julius_Axelrod
Alpha-adrenergic agonist
which is a catecholamine-synthesizing tumor, usually found in the adrenal medulla. In a clonidine suppression test, plasma catecholamine levels are measured
Clonidine
Surname list
Zuckerkandl (film), a 1969 animated film Organ of Zuckerkandl, para-aortic catecholamine-secreting body Zucker (disambiguation) Zuckermann This page lists people
Zuckerkandl
Drug mixture used mainly to treat ADHD and narcolepsy
cognition-enhancing effects of psychostimulants involve the preferential elevation of catecholamines in the PFC and the subsequent activation of norepinephrine α2 and dopamine
Adderall
Groups of neurons that synthesize dopamine
rodent, the macaque and the human. Dopaminergic pathways History of catecholamine research "Dopaminergic cell groups". braininfo.rprc.washington.edu.
Dopaminergic_cell_groups
Pharmaceutical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
4C-TFM
Organic compound, a stimulant in humans
monooxygenase isoform 3 (FMO3). ... FMO3 catalyzes the oxidation of catecholamine or catecholamine-releasing vasopressors, including tyramine, phenylethylamine
Phenethylamine
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analog
Dibenzazepines Valproates Others Nootropics: Racetams Phenylpiracetams Miscellaneous: 3-Benzazepines Adamantanes Catecholamines Tetrahydroisoquinolines Yohimbans
Gabapentin
Branch of biology concerning depressive disorders in humans
The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational
Biology_of_depression
Pharmaceutical compound
animals and humans. 1,4-DMAA and other alkylamine stimulants may act as catecholamine releasing agents. Unlike octodrine and methylhexanamine, 1,4-DMAA has
1,4-Dimethylamylamine
Physiological reaction to a perceived threat or harmful event
medulla produces a hormonal cascade that results in the secretion of catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine. The hormones estrogen, testosterone
Fight-or-flight_response
Response to a terrifying, traumatic or surprising experience
ISBN 978-1-259-60779-0. Eiden, Lee E. (2013). "Neuropeptide–Catecholamine Interactions in Stress". A New Era of Catecholamines in the Laboratory and Clinic. Advances in
Acute_stress_reaction
Beta blocker drug
essential tremor, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, and pheochromocytoma (catecholamine-secreting tumors). Propranolol is also indicated for the treatment of
Propranolol
Pharmaceutical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
Aleph-7
Human enzyme
Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the rate limiting step in this synthesis of catecholamines. In humans, tyrosine hydroxylase is encoded by the TH gene, and the
Tyrosine_hydroxylase
Pharmaceutical drug
MRZ-9547, GBR12909, (S)-CE-123, (S, S)-CE-158, CT 005404, as well as the catecholamine uptake inhibitor bupropion, increase selection of high-effort PROG lever
MRZ-9547
Medical condition
states and conditions, including inflammation and sepsis, endogenous catecholamines, and use of glucocorticoids. There are also medications that deliberately
Eosinopenia
Foster, Harold D.; Hoffer, Abram (2007). "Hyperoxidation of the Two Catecholamines, Dopamine and Adrenaline: Implications for the Etiologies and Treatment
List of epidemics and pandemics
List_of_epidemics_and_pandemics
Medical condition
pressure.[citation needed] Catecholamines levels increase due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity. Catecholamines can act on the alpha-adrenergic
Right_ventricular_hypertrophy
Part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates fight-or-flight responses
Cremaster muscle Cremasteric reflex Epinephrine Norepinephrine Catecholamine History of catecholamine research Limbic system Sympathetic ganglia Sympathetic trunk
Sympathetic_nervous_system
Psychoactive species of plant
family, a subset of the phenethylamines related to amphetamines and the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine. In fact, cathinone and cathine have
Khat
Chemical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
DOB-2-DRAGONFLY-5-BUTTERFLY
Medication for slow heart rate
force of heart contractions. Chemically, isoprenaline is a synthetic catecholamine and is the N-isopropyl analogue of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and
Isoprenaline
Protein found in humans
important in the development of the heart, and for maintaining the catecholamine balance required for protection of the heart. Mutation often leads to
EPAS1
Perceived cardiac abnormality in which one's heartbeat can be felt
exercise when the withdrawal of catecholamines is coupled with a surge in the vagal tone. Palpitations secondary to catecholamine excess may also occur during
Palpitations
Topics referred to by the same term
type of cancer Cardiac arrest Carbonic anhydrase, a family of enzymes Catecholamine, an organic compound Calcium, symbol Ca, a chemical element Cellulose
CA
Dibenzazepines Valproates Others Nootropics: Racetams Phenylpiracetams Miscellaneous: 3-Benzazepines Adamantanes Catecholamines Tetrahydroisoquinolines Yohimbans
List of methaqualone analogues
List_of_methaqualone_analogues
Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units
early 20th century are cortisol, glucagon, and adrenaline (and other catecholamines). In recent decades, many more hormones with at least some catabolic
Catabolism
Antihypertensive drug
α1-Adrenergic receptors have additionally been found on immune cells, where catecholamine binding can stimulate and enhance cytokine production. Prazosin has
Prazosin
Pharmaceutical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
2C-T-9
(1994). Catecholamine systems in mammalian midbrain and hindbrain: theme and variations. Chapter 8 in Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems
Adrenergic_cell_group_C3
Substituted amphetamine designer drug
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
DOPF
Pharmaceutical compound
α-Propylphenethylamine Hexapradol Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine) Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE 6-OHDA α-Me-DA α-Me-TRA A-69024 Adrenochrome
2C-G-5
Practice of separating calves and mothers
disease risk. It also appears to lead to higher stress levels with higher catecholamine secretion. The amount of contact or lack thereof with the mother influences
Cow-calf_separation
American endocrinologist
American endocrinologist and physician-scientist known for his research on catecholamine physiology, glucose counter-regulation, and hypoglycemia-associated
Philip_E._Cryer
Synthetic monoaminergic activity enhancer drug
to BPAP, which is of similar potency as a MAE of serotonin and the catecholamines. It is also in contrast to PPAP and selegiline, which act exclusively
Indolylpropylaminopentane
Index of chemical compounds with the same molecular formula
5-dihydroxyphenethylamine Nordefrin (corbadrine, levonordefrin), a catecholamine Normetanephrine Racepinefrine 2,4,5-Trihydroxyamphetamine This set index
C9H13NO3
Dibenzazepines Valproates Others Nootropics: Racetams Phenylpiracetams Miscellaneous: 3-Benzazepines Adamantanes Catecholamines Tetrahydroisoquinolines Yohimbans
List_of_orphine_opioids
Drug that stimulates a response from the adrenergic receptors
oxidise monoamines (including catecholamines) and methylate the hydroxyl groups of the phenyl moiety of catecholamines. These enzymes can be targeted
Adrenergic_agonist
This center in the brain increases sympathetic activity, releasing catecholamines into the bloodstream. Binding to alpha-1 receptors results in systemic
Pathophysiology of heart failure
Pathophysiology_of_heart_failure
Monoamine that acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator
Parkinson's disease. Classical monoamines Imidazoleamines: Histamine Catecholamines: Adrenaline (Ad; Epinephrine, Epi) Dopamine (DA) Noradrenaline (NAd;
Monoamine_neurotransmitter
Increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous activity
on recovery changes in plasma levels of FFA, glycerol, glucose and catecholamines". Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. 143 (1): 105–15. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
Excess_post-exercise_oxygen_consumption
Blood pressure medication
low-sodium diet vs. high-sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride (Cochrane Review)". American Journal
Losartan
School[citation needed] Lightman started his research career working on catecholamine uptake mechanisms in Cambridge where, after completed his clinical studies
Stafford_Lightman
It is a necrotizing agent and it induces hypertension by release of catecholamine. It has been shown to cause necrotic enteritis in mammals and induces
Clostridium perfringens beta toxin
Clostridium_perfringens_beta_toxin
Medication
inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme methylates catecholamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. It also methylates
Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor
Catechol-O-methyltransferase_inhibitor
Family of neurotransmitters
Indolamines are a classification of monoamine neurotransmitter, along with catecholamines and ethylamine derivatives. A common example of an indolamine is the
Indolamines
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
Boy/Male
Hindi
child.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The name of abu Mansur, The
Girl/Female
Irish Gaelic
Beautiful.
Boy/Male
Hindi
Soul.
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
The Tragedy of Macbeth' Younger son of King Duncan.
Girl/Female
Teutonic Italian
Eager for war.
Biblical
salvation of God
Boy/Male
Arabic
Pure
Girl/Female
Yiddish Czechoslovakian
Bitter.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sindhi
True Speaker; Understanding; Knowledge
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE
CATECHOLAMINE