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Cyclone with an associated cold pool of air at high altitude
A cold-core low, also known as an upper level low or cold-core cyclone, is a cyclone aloft which has an associated cold pool of air residing at high altitude
Cold-core_low
Area with air pressures lower than adjacent areas
of low pressure. The largest low-pressure systems are cold-core polar cyclones and extratropical cyclones which lie on the synoptic scale. Warm-core cyclones
Low-pressure_area
Funnel-shaped cloud not touching the ground
Cold Core 500-mb Lows". Weather and Forecasting. 21 (6): 1051–1062. Bibcode:2006WtFor..21.1051D. doi:10.1175/WAF967.1. Cooley, Jack R. (1978). "Cold Air
Funnel_cloud
Type of Pacific seasonal cyclone
makes categorization of the systems not straightforward. Kona lows are typically cold core, making them extratropical cyclones. However, they generally
Kona_storm
Meteorological phenomenon blocking atmospheric circulation
the provinces of Albacete, Almería, and Málaga. List of cold drop events Cold-core low Cold pool Polar vortex Basque: tanta hotz; Catalan: gota freda;
Cold_drop
Large scale rotating air mass
life cycle, extratropical cyclones occlude as cold air masses undercut the warmer air and become cold core systems. A cyclone's track is guided over the
Cyclone
Meteorological phenomenon
Cut-off lows form in mid-latitudes (usually between 20° and 45°) and can remain nearly stationary for days. A cut-off low is a cold-core low where wind
Cut-off_low
Type of cyclone
center) to baroclinic processes. The low pressure system eventually loses its warm core and becomes a cold-core system. The peak time of subtropical cyclogenesis
Extratropical_cyclone
Regional tropical cyclone
enough Coriolis effect to develop a low pressure centre, a pre-existing low level focus or disturbance, and a low vertical wind shear. Although the majority
Typhoon
Vortex or tornado occurring over a body of water
Nicorette approaching the NSW south coast tornadic waterspout. Pictures of cold-core waterspouts over Lake Michigan on 30 September 2006. Archived from the
Waterspout
High pressure mass of cold dry air over northeastern Eurasia
precipitating an increase in low altitude afforestation of Central Asia. Siberia portal Siberian Express Arctic dipole anomaly Cold wave North American High
Siberian_High
1000-km-order method of measuring weather systems
of mid-latitude depressions (e.g. extratropical cyclones). Most high- and low-pressure areas seen on weather maps (such as surface weather analyses) are
Synoptic_scale_meteorology
Weather phenomenon
recorded low-pressure systems are fully cold core storms while the remaining third display hybrid features, which are defined by a warm core at lower
Australian_east_coast_low
Semi-permanent low-pressure system located near the Aleutian Islands
cyclone, a huge cold wave, November 2014 North American cold wave, hit the US bringing record breaking low temperatures to many states. The low serves as an
Aleutian_Low
Region of rotation within a powerful thunderstorm
often associated with a local region of low-pressure. Their rotation is (usually) in the same direction as low pressure systems in a given hemisphere:
Mesocyclone
Type of cyclone occurring in the northern Atlantic coast of North America
Alberta clipper Cold-core low Panhandle hook Sudestada Winter storm Pacific Northwest windstorm Aleutian low European windstorm Polar vortex Cold wave Euroclydon
Nor'easter
Persistent cold-core low-pressure area that circles one of the poles
large region of cold, rotating air; polar vortices encircle both of Earth's polar regions. Polar vortices also exist on other rotating, low-obliquity planetary
Polar_vortex
Violently rotating column of air
fuels abundant low-level moisture in the southerly flow to its east. This unique topography allows for frequent collisions of warm and cold air, the conditions
Tornado
Whirlwind induced by and often composed of fire
and the 2025 Deer Creek Fire in Utah. A fire whirl consists of a burning core and a rotating pocket of air. A fire whirl can reach up to 1,100 °C (2,000 °F)
Fire_whirl
Small-scale, short-lived depression over certain ocean areas
lows with extensive cumulonimbus clouds, which are often associated with cold pools in the mid- to upper-troposphere. During winter, when cold-core lows
Polar_low
Swirling and reverse current in a turbulent flow regime
of an eddy and its rotation. Warm eddies rotate anti-cyclonically, while cold eddies rotate cyclonically. Because eddies may have a vigorous circulation
Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)
Cloud and precipitation structure
develop due to low level wind convergence downwind of the island edges. Offshore California, this has been noted in the wake of cold fronts. Owen Hertzman
Rainband
Thunderstorm that is characterized by the presence of a mesocyclone
the warm sector of a low pressure system propagating generally in a north easterly direction in line with the cold front of the low pressure system. Because
Supercell
Tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean
east due to disturbances other than tropical waves such as cold fronts and upper-level lows. These are known as baroclinically induced tropical cyclones
Atlantic_hurricane
Hypothetical class of extreme tropical cyclone
(15 mi) in size, and they would lose strength quickly after venturing into colder waters. The waters after a hypercane could remain hot enough for weeks,
Hypercane
Mature tropical cyclone that develops within the eastern and central Pacific Ocean
during the winter is the occupation of a semi-permanent low-pressure area designated the Aleutian Low between January and April. Its presence over western
Pacific_hurricane
Region with higher atmospheric pressure
winter monsoon. Arctic high-pressure systems such as the Siberian High are cold core, meaning that they weaken with height. The influence of the Azores High
High-pressure_area
Rapidly deepening extratropical cyclonic low-pressure area
cyclone, or bombogenesis) is the rapid deepening of an extratropical cyclonic low-pressure area. The change in pressure needed to classify something as explosive
Explosive_cyclogenesis
Cyclonic storm with tropical and extratropical characteristics
either cold core or warm core, and in 1972 this type of subtropical cyclone was ephemerally referred to as a "neutercane". Kona storms (or Kona lows) are
Subtropical_cyclone
Unusual storm system in 1996
was ripe for development. Eventually, the cold front to the north, which was connected to the surface low, became an occluded front, as it entangled
1996_Lake_Huron_cyclone
Low pressure area weather system common to North America
also known as an Alberta low, Alberta cyclone, Alberta lee cyclone, Canadian clipper, or simply clipper, is a fast-moving low-pressure system that originates
Alberta_clipper
Type of whirlwind
ceases to rise. As it rises, it displaces air which descends outside the core of the vortex. This cool air returning acts as a balance against the spinning
Dust_devil
Latitudes 30–35 degrees north and south of the Equator
reaching its highest latitude in early autumn, before moving back during the cold season. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can displace the northern
Horse_latitudes
Type of whirlwind
thus rendering it visible. They form over large lakes and oceans during cold air outbreaks while the water is still relatively warm, and can be an important
Steam_devil
Complex of thunderstorms organized on a larger scale
bands, which form due to cold air moving across relatively warm bodies of water, and occurs from fall through spring. Polar lows are a second special class
Mesoscale_convective_system
Phrase
weather pattern that is as destructive as a hurricane, but which exhibits the cold-weather patterns of a winter storm. The Oxford English Dictionary has published
Perfect_storm
Dramatic increase in a tropical cyclone's strength
the appearance of hot towers and bursts of strong convection within the core region of tropical cyclones, but it is not known whether such convective
Rapid_intensification
outbreak and its costliest weather disaster on record. Spawned by a nearby cold-core low, successive hailstorms in Phoenix and surrounding locations on October 5
October 2010 Arizona tornado outbreak and hailstorm
October_2010_Arizona_tornado_outbreak_and_hailstorm
Type of storm occurring in southeastern Australia
nor'easter can be a combination of surface troughs, onshore flow, and a low. The storm system may cool down warm days due to the persistent blanket of
Black_nor'easter
Tropical cyclone with a symmetrical shape
require low wind shear, and of the storms in the East Pacific and North Atlantic studied by Knaff and Kossin, all exhibited easterly winds and cold air in
Annular_tropical_cyclone
Small-scale rotational weather feature
is a low-pressure center (mesolow) within a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that pulls winds into a circling pattern, or vortex. With a core only 30
Mesovortex
Extratropical storm over north India
area over Ukraine and neighbourhood consolidates, causing the intrusion of cold air from polar regions towards an area of relatively warmer air with high
Western_disturbance
High air pressure area in the Atlantic Ocean
increase quickly, as well as resulting in a cold winter across much of Europe. Asiatic Low Hadley cell Cold front Mediterranean tropical cyclone "What
Azores_High
Rapidly rotating storm system
area. A tropical cyclone is the generic term for a warm-cored, non-frontal synoptic-scale low-pressure system over tropical or subtropical waters around
Tropical_cyclone
Type of tornado not originating from a mesocyclone
undercuts the parent cloud's updraft, severing the surface vortex from its low-pressure source. Landspouts can occur individually or form in lines and clusters
Landspout
Tropical cyclones in the South Atlantic Ocean
February 2026. College of Earth & Mineral Sciences (2004). "Upper-level lows". Pennsylvania State University. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016
South Atlantic tropical cyclone
South_Atlantic_tropical_cyclone
Late autumn wind on the Great Lakes
in autumn. The "witches" are caused by intense low atmospheric pressure over the Great Lakes pulling cold Canadian/Arctic air from the north or northwest
November_gale
Low air pressure area in the Atlantic Ocean
The Icelandic Low is a semi-permanent centre of low atmospheric pressure found between Iceland and southern Greenland and extending in the Northern Hemisphere
Icelandic_Low
Tropical cyclone that has lost tropical characteristics
no longer has a warm core in higher latitudes when it was over Nova Scotia and all points north in its trajectory. Remnant low, which is non-frontal
Post-tropical_cyclone
Cloud formation occurring at the base of a thunderstorm
tail-like band of cloud extending from the wall cloud toward the precipitation core. It can be thought of as an extension of the wall cloud in that the tail
Wall_cloud
Moderately sized weather phenomena
the movement and evolution of larger, synoptic-scale systems like high and low-pressure areas. However, smaller and potentially hazardous meteorological
Mesoscale_meteorology
Mediterranean cyclone in 2014
intensified two days later, reaching peak intensity on 7 November, due to a cold-core low aloft. Qendresa directly hit Malta in the afternoon and then crossed
Cyclone_Qendresa
Type of mesoscale convective system
to as a cold pool). In the mid-levels (mid-troposphere), the MCC exhibits a cyclonic (counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere) rotating low pressure
Mesoscale_convective_complex
Development or strengthening of cyclonic circulation in the atmosphere
cyclone couples with the upper-level trough or upper-level low, becoming increasingly cold core. The spin-down of cyclones, also known as cyclolysis, can
Cyclogenesis
Type of storm
winds flow in the direction opposite to that of the flow above a region of low pressure. Unlike a cyclonic storm, anticyclonic storms are typically associated
Anticyclonic_storm
Low-pressure areas that occur over the subtropics
water, instability lows form during the winter when the air overlying the land is colder than the warmer water body. Thermal lows can extend to 3,100
Thermal_low
Hurricane-like storms in the Mediterranean Sea
always feature warm-core lows, polar lows are primarily cold-core. The prolonged life of medicanes and similarity to polar lows is caused primarily by
Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone
Mediterranean_tropical-like_cyclone
below 6,080 metres (19,950 ft) in altitude, as it is an example of a cold-core low. A weak inverted wave in the easterlies is generally found beneath it
Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex
Upper_tropospheric_cyclonic_vortex
Strongest type of extratropical cyclone that occurs over Europe
extratropical cyclones which form as cyclonic windstorms associated with areas of low atmospheric pressure. They can occur throughout the year, but are most frequent
European_windstorm
Type of extratropical cyclone
associated with areas of low atmospheric pressure that track across the North Pacific Ocean towards western North America. Deep low pressure areas are relatively
Pacific_Northwest_windstorm
Term in geophysics
high) and cold-core lows have strengthening winds with height, with the reverse true for cold-core highs (shallow Arctic highs) and warm-core lows (such as
Barotropic_vorticity_equation
Regions of high atmospheric pressure around the Earth's poles
Closely related to this concept is the polar vortex, a rotating low-pressure circle of cold air around the poles. Surface temperatures under the polar highs
Polar_high
North American low-pressure area
A Colorado low is a low-pressure area that forms in southeastern Colorado or northeastern New Mexico, typically in the winter. After forming, the system
Colorado_low
2009 and 2010. On 28 January 2009, "a cold-core mid to upper-level trough was in phase with a low-level warm-core low", which formed a system and moved eastward
List of South Atlantic tropical and subtropical cyclones
List_of_South_Atlantic_tropical_and_subtropical_cyclones
Atlantic tropical storm
hurricane season. The 13th named storm of the season, Marco formed from a cold-core low pressure area along the northern coast of Cuba on October 9, and tracked
Tropical_Storm_Marco_(1990)
Weather system
thunderstorms. In association with wake lows, heat bursts are caused when rain evaporates (virga) into a parcel of cold dry air high in the atmosphere making
Wake_low
Type of storm system in southern US
the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast --
Panhandle_hook
Tropical cyclone prone region in the Atlantic Ocean
situated underneath cold-core lows may develop and strengthen in cooler waters, as the colder air associated with the cold-core low increase environmental
Main_development_region
Low-pressure trough over southern Asia in early summer
The Asiatic Low is a low-pressure trough which lies over southern Asia during early summer. It is located roughly over India, heading over the Bay of Bengal
Asiatic_Low
Phenomenon in Rio de la Plata, South America
Patagonia, which brings cold sea air to the east of Buenos Aires Province and the south of the Argentine littoral and Uruguay, and a low pressure system, located
Sudestada
Topics referred to by the same term
Hybrid low may refer to a number of different meteorological depressions: Kona storm, seasonal cyclone in the Hawaiian Islands Mediterranean tropical-like
Hybrid_low
Weather phenomenon in Northern Italy
leads the lows to the northeast and north-northeast, ("Zugstrasse Vb" Van Bebber) towards the Vienna Basin. The lows then glide over colder and denser
Genoa_low
Large central area of thunderstorms surrounding its circulation center
intensity, an eye appears at the center of the CDO, defining its center of low pressure and its cyclonic wind field. Tropical cyclones with changing intensity
Central_dense_overcast
Extremely persistent anticyclone over the Pacific Ocean
"North American winter dipole" pattern, which brought persistent anomalous cold and precipitation to the eastern half of North America in addition to record-breaking
Ridiculously_Resilient_Ridge
Narrow airstream of strong winds in cyclones
separation of the cold front from the low-pressure centre – occurs during the development of an extratropical cyclone as the cold front moves perpendicular
Sting_jet
Broad rainy season low-pressure system
The Central American gyre (CAG) is a broad and seasonal area of low pressure that occurs over the eastern Pacific Ocean and western Caribbean Sea. It
Central_American_gyre
Tropical cyclone having formed in the South Pacific Ocean
A South Pacific tropical cyclone is a non-frontal, low pressure system that has developed, within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and
South Pacific tropical cyclone
South_Pacific_tropical_cyclone
temperature is very cold in winter forming the Siberian High, or very hot in summer to give a thermal low in summer. Antarctica is so cold in all seasons that
Centers_of_action
Tornadoes that spin in the opposite direction of normal tornadoes
then a smaller area of rotation at lower altitude the tornadocyclone (or low-level mesocyclone) which produces or enables the smaller rotation that is
Anticyclonic_tornado
Impact of climate change on tropical cyclones
In the North Pacific, tropical cyclones have been moving poleward into colder waters and there was no increase in intensity over this period. With 2 °C
Tropical cyclones and climate change
Tropical_cyclones_and_climate_change
Type of oceanic eddy
Cold-core rings are a type of oceanic eddy, which are characterized as unstable, time-dependent swirling, independent "cells" that separate from their
Cold-core_ring
forms underneath the downdraft in a squall line and is associated with the cold pool of a thunderstorm. It is largely formed by hydrostatic phenomenon, specifically
Mesohigh
Type of cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere
An Australian region tropical cyclone is a non-frontal, low-pressure system that has developed within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures
Australian region tropical cyclone
Australian_region_tropical_cyclone
The storm first developed on January 22 over the Pacific Ocean as a cold-core low moving southeastwards towards the Baja California peninsula. Due to
January 23–27, 2026 North American winter storm
January_23–27,_2026_North_American_winter_storm
Hypothetical type of nuclear reaction
term "cold fusion" in 1986 in an investigation of "geo-fusion", the possible existence of fusion involving hydrogen isotopes in a planetary core. In his
Cold_fusion
occurs when cool or cold dry air settles over North America. During summer, it is replaced with an Arctic Low, or a North American Low should it move over
North_American_High
Weather phenomenon off the California coast
summer and shifts towards the equator during the winter, when the Aleutian Low becomes more active. It is responsible for California's typically dry summer
North_Pacific_High
Bengal. Another reason is the low life span in the sea[clarification needed] which also avoids the intensification of these low-pressure systems. Most of
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone
North_Indian_Ocean_tropical_cyclone
2023 storm in the Mediterranean Sea
blocking in the summer, which resulted in Storm Daniel and another cold-core low that caused flooding in Spain. Storm Daniel was regarded by researchers
Storm_Daniel
Category 1 Atlantic hurricane in 2014
south. Tracking westward, the energy coalesced into an upper-level cold-core low on the following day, and an associated trough formed at the surface
Hurricane_Fay
A Gulf low or Texas Low is a low pressure area that forms or intensifies over the Gulf of Mexico and moves northeast on the western side of the Appalachian
Gulf_low
2012 Extratropical cyclone in Arctic
remained isolated from the turbulence. On August 2, 2012, an extratropical low formed over Siberia. During the next few days, the storm slowly drifted into
Great_Arctic_Cyclone_of_2012
Semi-permanent high-pressure system over Southern Australia
region. In winter it normally moves north, therefore permitting cold fronts and low pressure systems to relocate up from the Great Australian Bight and
Australian_High
Meteorological interaction of warm and cool air masses
mature low pressure areas. There are two types of front occlusions, warm and cold, depending on the temperature contrast: In a cold occlusion, the cold air
Occluded_front
North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Iceland. Colorado low Gulf low Panhandle hook Aleutian Low Fritzen, Robert; Lang, Victoria; Gensini, Vittorio A. (2021)
Labrador_Low
Pacific typhoon in 2013
upper-level cold-core low well to the northeast of Guam on July 6. Gaining tropical characteristics, the system soon developed a surface low and became
Typhoon_Soulik_(2013)
Human body core temperature below 35 °C (95 °F)
hallucinating. Cold stress refers to a near-normal body temperature with low skin temperature; signs include shivering. Cold stress is caused by cold exposure
Hypothermia
Weather radar formation
thunderstorms presenting multiple bow echoes forms equatorward of a mesoscale low-pressure area with a rotating "head". LEWP often are associated with a multiple-bow
Line_echo_wave_pattern
Type of snowstorm
formed when a cold front and warm front mix together and a blizzard forms at the border line. Another storm system occurs when a cold core low over the Hudson
Blizzard
on June 18 to the southwest of the Baja California Peninsula. A weak cold-core low drifted westward across the southern Gulf of Mexico, acting as the impetus
1984_Pacific_hurricane_season
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COLD CORE-LOW
COLD CORE-LOW
Male
English
 English surname transferred to forename use, derived from Old English Cola, COLE means "black, coal." This name is also sometimes used as a pet form of Nicholas, meaning "victor of the people."
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Corey, possibly CORI means "deep hollow, ravine."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Cork.
Male
Scandinavian
 Variant spelling of Scandinavian Tor, TORE means "Thor" or "thunder." Compare with another form of Tore.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Corey, possibly CORIE means "deep hollow, ravine."
Male
Italian
 Italian short form of Latin Salvatore, TORE means "savior." Compare with another form of Tore.
Boy/Male
German English
Honest advisor.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a Middle English pet form of Nicholas.English : from a Middle English personal name derived from the Old English byname Cola (from col ‘(char)coal’, presumably denoting someone of swarthy appearance), or the Old Norse cognate Koli.Scottish and Irish : when not of English origin, this is a reduced and altered form of McCool.In some cases, particularly in New England, Cole is a translation of the French surname Charbonneau.Probably an Americanized spelling of German Kohl.An Irish family by the name of Cole was established in Fermanagh by Sir William Cole (1576–1653). He was the first Provost of Enniskillen, and his descendants became earls of Enniskillen. The family is thought to have originated in Devon or Cornwall.
Surname or Lastname
English (common in the Midlands)
English (common in the Midlands) : from Middle English cope ‘cloak’, ‘cape’ (from Old English cÄp reinforced by the Old Norse cognate kápa), hence a metonymic occupational name for someone who made cloaks or capes, or a nickname for someone who wore a distinctive one. Compare Cape.
Surname or Lastname
French
French : from Old French corne ‘horn’ (Late Latin corna), a derogatory nickname for a cuckold (see Horn 4), or a metonymic occupational name for a hornblower or worker in horn.English : variant spelling of Corn.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Corey, possibly CORY means "deep hollow, ravine."
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, Gaelic, German, Greek, Indian
Darkly Complexioned; Coal; Renowned Mariner; Young Creature; Victory of the People; Prince of Red Roses
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Corp.
Boy/Male
Greek American English
People's victory.
Female
English
Latin form of Greek Kore, CORA means "maiden." In mythology, this is a name borne by Persephone, a goddess of the underworld.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Corey.
Male
English
Short form of English Isidore, DORE means "gift of Isis."
Female
German
 Variant spelling of German Lora, LORE means "laurel." Compare with another form of Lore.
Male
Irish
 Old Irish form of Latin Columba, COLM means "dove." Compare with another form of Colm.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English score ‘steep place’ (Old English scoru), or a habitational name from Score in Ilfracombe or Scur Farm in Braunton, Devon.
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COLD CORE-LOW
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