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Health care intervention effectiveness evaluation
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is the direct comparison of existing health care interventions to determine which work best for which patients
Comparative effectiveness research
Comparative_effectiveness_research
Advances and Applications ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research Comparative Effectiveness Research† Core Evidence Current Biomarker Findings† Degenerative
List of Dove Medical Press academic journals
List_of_Dove_Medical_Press_academic_journals
Health research organization
a government-sponsored organization charged with funding Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) that assists consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
Patient-Centered_Outcomes_Research_Institute
American epidemiologist
trial design for comparative effectiveness. He also contributed to the development of methods for comparative effectiveness research more broadly. His
Steven_N._Goodman
US learning healthcare system
The Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network (CERTAIN) is a learning healthcare system in Washington State focused on patient-centered outcomes
Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network
Comparative_Effectiveness_Research_Translation_Network
Proposed health care reforms
significantly reducing costs, through comparative effectiveness research. According to economist Peter A. Diamond and research cited by the Congressional Budget
Healthcare reforms proposed during the Obama administration
Healthcare_reforms_proposed_during_the_Obama_administration
quality of care while significantly reducing costs through comparative effectiveness research. Writing in the New York Times, David Leonhardt described
Healthcare rationing in the United States
Healthcare_rationing_in_the_United_States
Academic journal
The Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research is a peer-reviewed medical journal that was established in 2012 and is published by Future Medicine.
Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research
Journal_of_Comparative_Effectiveness_Research
American conservative think tank
Administration. He has expressed concern about relatively unreliable comparative effectiveness research being used to restrict treatment options under a public plan
American_Enterprise_Institute
American government official
using scientific methods and evidence-based medicine and comparative effectiveness research to improve the tradeoff among quality, safety, and costs.
Donald_Berwick
quality of care, while significantly reducing costs, through comparative effectiveness research. Writing in the New York Times, David Leonhardt described
Healthcare reform debate in the United States
Healthcare_reform_debate_in_the_United_States
Clinical trial that focuses on outcome correlations rather than causality
important to comparative effectiveness research, and a distinction is often (although not always) made between efficacy and effectiveness, whereby efficacy
Pragmatic_clinical_trial
Single patient clinical trial
patient-centered comparative effectiveness research". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. Methods for Comparative Effectiveness Research/Patient-Centered
N-of-1_trial
Chinese-American biostatistician
biostatistician whose research includes causal inference and propensity score matching, and their application to comparative effectiveness research in health care
Fan_Li_(statistician)
Product providing additional nutrients
(July 2014). "Should comparative effectiveness research ignore industry-funded data?". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 3 (4): 317–20. doi:10
Dietary_supplement
American statistician
Sally C. Morton is an American statistician specializing in comparative effectiveness research. In 2021, Morton joined Arizona State University as executive
Sally_C._Morton
American politician
Information Technology and the Federal Coordinating Council for Comparative Effectiveness Research. McCaughey said the National Coordinator would monitor patients'
Betsy_McCaughey
American pediatrician and professor of pediatrics
Associate Dean for Research Mentoring and the director of the Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research at Indiana University
Aaron_Carroll
comparative effectiveness research organization Institute for Clinical and Economic Review in Boston, MA. He conducts research on cost-effectiveness analysis
Steven_Pearson
Centralized storage of knowledge
data-driven healthcare by supporting retrospective studies, comparative effectiveness research, and predictive analytics, often with the use of healthcare-applied
Data_warehouse
Drug benefit-harm ratio falls with marketing
more widely. The inverse benefit law highlights the need for comparative effectiveness research and other reforms to improve evidence-based prescribing. The
Inverse_benefit_law
Period between preparation for surgery and resolution of its sequelae
review of advance care planning decision aids". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 4 (6): 615–650. doi:10.2217/cer.15.43. ISSN 2042-6305. PMID 26346494
Perioperative_period
Resource problem in machine learning
unified ethical models for randomized clinical trials and comparative effectiveness research", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106 (52):
Multi-armed_bandit
Practical implementation of improvements
industry view (unsupported by empirical evidence) is that comparative cost-effectiveness research is a form of price control which reduces returns to industry
Innovation
Global health-economics organization
patient-reported outcome measures used in patient-centered outcomes and comparative effectiveness research. Qual Life Res. 2013 Oct;22(8):1889-905. doi: 10.1007/s11136-012-0344-y
ISPOR
healthcare, including Medicare and Medicaid. Examples include: comparative effectiveness research; independent review panels; modifying doctor incentives to
Expenditures in the United States federal budget
Expenditures_in_the_United_States_federal_budget
Topics referred to by the same term
statistical value in a biometric system Comparative effectiveness research, comparison of health care intervention effectiveness Conditioned emotional response
Cer
Medical school in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
clinical research projects or can conduct research in less common areas such as health policy, epidemiology, and comparative effectiveness research. An innovative
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
University_of_Pittsburgh_School_of_Medicine
which aims to establish a comparative effectiveness research program to provide information about the comparative effectiveness of different treatments
Patients_Act_2009
American epidemiologist
dynamic treatment regimes, which are of high significance in comparative effectiveness research and personalized medicine. Together with Andrea Rotnitzky
James_Robins
the Wayback Machine to US Federal Coordinating Council for Comparative Effectiveness Research, April, 2009 "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original
American Academy of Environmental Medicine
American_Academy_of_Environmental_Medicine
Coronary medication
syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized trials". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 7 (3): 281–291. doi:10.2217/cer-2017-0074. PMID 29094604
Ticagrelor
contributed to national policy discussions on health system reform, comparative effectiveness research, quality of care, electronic health record adoption, and the
Christine_K._Cassel
Political term coined by Sarah Palin
Congress' approval of $1.1 billion for comparative effectiveness research in the 2009 stimulus contributed to fear the research would "lead to government rationing"
Death_panel
Class of pharmaceutical drugs
brexpiprazole in schizophrenia: a network meta-analysis". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 7 (8): 737–748. doi:10.2217/cer-2018-0016. ISSN 2042-6305
Atypical_antipsychotic
Surgical procedure
robotic-arm assisted total knee arthroplasty". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 8 (5): 327–336. doi:10.2217/cer-2018-0136. ISSN 2042-6305
Robotic_surgery
David Flum. Current research and development using SCOAP data is supported by the university's Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network
Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program
Surgical_Care_and_Outcomes_Assessment_Program
June 2008 had estimated that a package of reforms involving comparative effectiveness research, health information technology (HIT), medical liability reform
History of health care reform in the United States
History_of_health_care_reform_in_the_United_States
Scientific technique used in historical linguistics
In linguistics, the comparative method is a technique for studying the development of languages by performing a feature-by-feature comparison of two or
Comparative_method
Academic journal
bimonthly medical journal covering advances in drug therapy, comparative effectiveness research, and post-marketing surveillance. The journal was established
American Journal of Therapeutics
American_Journal_of_Therapeutics
Dutch biostatistician
Contemporary research themes have his attention, including Comparative effectiveness research, Big data, Machine learning, Value-based Healthcare and Precision
Ewout_W._Steyerberg
Washington State in 2012. Strong for Surgery was developed by the Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network (CERTAIN) and informed by data from the
Strong_for_Surgery
competition created Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to study comparative effectiveness research funded by a fee on insurers per covered life
Healthcare reform in the United States
Healthcare_reform_in_the_United_States
Medical condition
for Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcomes Into Clinical Comparative Effectiveness Research in Adult Oncology". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 30 (34):
Signs_and_symptoms_of_cancer
Field in political science
Comparative politics is a field in political science characterized either by the use of the comparative method or other empirical methods to explore politics
Comparative_politics
Computer scientist and AI pioneer
, eds.) Learning What Works: Infrastructure Required for Comparative Effectiveness Research. Institute of Medicine Learning Health System Series, The
Douglas_Lenat
Planning about a patient's future health care
review of advance care planning decision aids". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 4 (6): 615–50. doi:10.2217/cer.15.43. PMID 26346494. Silveira
Advance_care_planning
Insurance database at different hospital levels". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 12. doi:10.2217/cer-2022-0162. PMC 10286779. "The Taiwanese
Pharmaceutical industry in Taiwan
Pharmaceutical_industry_in_Taiwan
Concept in medicine referring to design of clinical trials
unified ethical models for randomized clinical trials and comparative effectiveness research". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (52):
Adaptive_design_(medicine)
Group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin–angiotensin system
or prostate cancer in patients receiving ARBs. In 2013, comparative effectiveness research from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs on the
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Angiotensin_II_receptor_blocker
American politician (born 1959)
providers will have to embrace "Accountable Care Organizations, comparative effectiveness research — which studies various treatments to determine what works
Brian_Higgins
American scientist and academic
and What Doesn't: Jonathan Moreno and Ruth Faden Discuss Comparative Effectiveness Research". Science Progress (Podcast). Center for American Progress
Ruth_Faden
American physician
of health care policy evaluation, quality measurement and comparative effectiveness research within surgical populations." Dimick is married to Anastasia
Justin_B._Dimick
Health service organization in Israel
tackling chronic, infectious, and malignant diseases. Comparative Effectiveness: Researching real-world outcomes of medical interventions. Epidemiology:
Clalit_Health_Services
American epidemiologist and author
Tennessee. where he focused on community-engaged research and patient-centered comparative effectiveness research on health disparities. More recently, Coughlin
Steven_S._Coughlin
French professor of epidemiology
(with Pr. Ravaud) of the international Master 2 program, Comparative Effectiveness Research. She is also deputy director of the Doctoral school of Public
Isabelle_Boutron
Ability to sell goods and services across borders
or assured through health economics and outcomes research (HEOR), comparative-effectiveness research (CER), patient-reported outcomes (PROs), evidence-based
Market_access
Canadian pediatric neurosurgeon
improve health care utilization and delivery. She conducts comparative effectiveness research for the treatment of epilepsy with a focus on health policy
Sandi_Lam
Topics referred to by the same term
Politics Comparative education, a method used in the study of education Comparative Effectiveness, a term from health care intervention Comparative psychology
Comparative_(disambiguation)
American sobriety-focused mutual help fellowship
formal treatment interventions because the research has evaluated AA/TSF effectiveness, not AA effectiveness. AA Grapevine (15 May 2013), A.A. Preamble
Alcoholics_Anonymous
Use of torture to obtain information in interrogation
and Comparative Law. 17 (2): 281–290. Retrieved 29 June 2021. Costanza, Mark A.; Gerrity, Ellen (December 2009). "The Effects and Effectiveness of Using
Interrogational_torture
Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide, Velentgas P, Dreyer NA, Nourjah P, et al., editors, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Applications of sensitivity analysis in epidemiology
Applications_of_sensitivity_analysis_in_epidemiology
Study of mental functions and behaviors
benefits of the research. Psychologists can use certain research techniques on animals that could not be used on humans. Comparative psychologist Harry
Psychology
American biostatistician
in the applications of statistics include outcomes research and comparative effectiveness research, and she has also published highly cited work in mathematical
Elizabeth_DeLong
American physician
Medicine). Here, he led a project on how to fund and oversee Comparative Effectiveness Research which resulted in a recommendation of a public-private consortium
Joel_Kupersmith
Provisions of US federal statute
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute is established, independent from government, to undertake comparative effectiveness research. This is charged with
Provisions of the Affordable Care Act
Provisions_of_the_Affordable_Care_Act
Degree of success or failure of international aid
Aid effectiveness is the degree of success or failure of international aid (development aid or humanitarian aid). Concern with aid effectiveness might
Aid_effectiveness
issues related to health reform. He leads Pitt and UPMC's comparative effectiveness research program, which analyzes health data from existing health care
Everette_James
Jennifer (2014). "The History of Technology Assessment and Comparative Effectiveness Research for Drugs and Medical Devices and the Role of the Federal
Evaluation of Transsexual Surgery
Evaluation_of_Transsexual_Surgery
Concept in economics
practice behavior of referring physicians, US health system, comparative effectiveness research, appropriateness criteria, and quality gaps in evidence-based
Supplier-induced_demand
Canadian health services researcher
two volumes of the series, Medical Practice Variations and Comparative Effectiveness Research, were published in 2016. Lumley, Elizabeth (2009). "Boris
Boris_Sobolev
Outcome type in clinical trials
quality of life in prostate cancer patients". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 3 (5): 523–531. doi:10.2217/cer.14.41. ISSN 2042-6313. PMID 25350803
Patient-reported_outcome
American medical professor
assessment framework for digital health technologies". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 12 (12): e230154. doi:10.57264/cer-2023-0154. ISSN 2042-6305
Prabhjot_Singh_(physician)
Type of health care system
patient data to make specific treatment recommendations. Comparative effectiveness research determines the most effective treatments. Intelligent assistance
Learning_health_systems
Belgium academic detailing is provided by Project Farmaka. Comparative effectiveness research Evidence-based medicine Pharmaceutical marketing Prescription
Academic_detailing
American scientist
Journal of Education Research International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research Journal of Pediatric
David_Sleet
outcomes, and comparative effectiveness research. Physicians and scientists at DCC collaborate to speed the translation of research advances into novel
Dartmouth_Cancer_Center
Deliberate infliction of suffering on a person
what is intended initially and often leads to involved agencies losing effectiveness. Torture aims to break the victim's will, destroy their agency and personality
Torture
American politician (born 1942)
Gingrey) was the promotion and utilization of cost-effectiveness data and "comparative effectiveness research" (CER). "We were concerned that such information
Phil_Gingrey
"What Comparative Effectiveness Research Is Needed? A Framework for Using Guidelines and Systematic Reviews to Identify Evidence Gaps and Research Priorities"
Cochrane_Eyes_and_Vision
Form of psychotherapy
William; Caldwell, Deborah M; Macdonald, Geraldine (2023-06-05). "Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Eye_movement_desensitization_and_reprocessing
American medical researcher (1925–2024)
health care services through care, teaching, research, and advocacy". Comparative effectiveness research Messenger RNA Obituary for Doris (Bieringer)
Howard_Hiatt
Process of understanding a design's impact on an audience
"Causal Comparative Research: Methods And Examples - Harappa". harappa.education. 28 September 2021. Retrieved 2022-03-28. "Understanding The UX Research Process:
User_research
American bioethics researcher
medical centers develop their capacities in comparative effectiveness research, patient outcomes research and implementation science. Ethics Education
Mildred_Z._Solomon
Independent nonprofit organization
Reporting Fellowship on Health Care Performance (2011), the Comparative Effectiveness Research Fellowship (2015), the National Cancer Reporting Fellowship
Association of Health Care Journalists
Association_of_Health_Care_Journalists
Branch of research for business management, studying markets and economic opportunities
marketing processes, such as advertising effectiveness and salesforce effectiveness, while market research is concerned specifically with markets and
Marketing_research
American medical school dean
Recent research interests are aligned with the field of public health, prevention medicine, implementation science and comparative effectiveness research in
Johannes_Vieweg
Medical process
(October 2007). "Practice-based evidence study design for comparative effectiveness research". Medical Care. 45 (10 Supl 2): S50–7. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e318070c07b
Routine health outcomes measurement
Routine_health_outcomes_measurement
American engineering professor
www.nsf.gov. "NSF Award Search". www.nsf.gov. "Outcome & Comparative Effectiveness Research Archives - TexasMRC". TexasMRC. Archived from the original
Erick_Jones
Type of therapy to improve mental health
PMID 19948272. Mitchell MD, Gehrman P, Perlis M, Umscheid CA (May 2012). "Comparative effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic review"
Cognitive_behavioral_therapy
American university president (born 1955)
M. (1985). The effect of publicness on organizational performance: a comparative study of R&D laboratories (PhD). Syracuse University. OCLC 19291637.
Michael_M._Crow
Muscle of the upper back
LeBlanc C, Sheps D. Comparative Effectiveness of Nonoperative and Operative Treatment for Rotator Cuff Tears. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 22. (Prepared
Supraspinatus_muscle
Registry of firefighters used to evaluate cancer risk
Rousseau, David L.; Hsieh, Mei-Chin; enhancement of NPCR for comparative effectiveness research team (August 2017). "Capture and coding of industry and occupation
National Firefighter Registry for Cancer
National_Firefighter_Registry_for_Cancer
Public secondary school in Mill Valley, California, United States
Pearson (June 25, 2009). "'Marginal Medicine': TargetingComparative Effectiveness Research To Reduce Waste". National Legislative Association on Prescription
Tamalpais_High_School
Healthcare reform bill of the United States of America
of 2009 to eliminate the Federal Coordinating Council for Comparative Effectiveness Research. Amends ERISA to prescribe requirements for establishment
American Health Care Reform Act of 2013
American_Health_Care_Reform_Act_of_2013
could be considered a different disease in the near future. Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) is an emerging field in Multiple Sclerosis treatment
Biomarkers of multiple sclerosis
Biomarkers_of_multiple_sclerosis
Peripheral nerve scaffold
"Cost-effectiveness analysis of Avance allograft for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries in the USA". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research.
Acellular_nerve_allograft
Processes of interacting with people and making decisions
The effectiveness of governments is not a straightforward and consentient type of governance. Measurement and conceptualization of effectiveness is controversial
Governance
Medical researcher
PMID 21383369. Pearson SD, Bach PB (2010). "How Medicare could use comparative effectiveness research in deciding on new coverage and reimbursement". Health Affairs
Peter_Bach
Method or technique that has been generally accepted as superior
something to be considered a "best practice" it must be arrived at through a comparative process between methodologies. In order for a "best practice" to be valid
Best_practice
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anirudha | அநீரà¯à®¤à®¾
Victorious, Cooperative
Anirudha | அநீரà¯à®¤à®¾
Boy/Male
Hindu
Victorious, Cooperative
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for the taller of two men with the same name, from Old English leng(ra) ‘longer’, ‘taller’, comparative of lang (see Lang).German : variant of Lang.Chinese : from an ancient official title, Lingguan, denoting a court official in charge of music. The character for Ling is written similarly to that for Leng (), and the surname evolved to the latter form.Cambodian : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the comparative form of Middle English schort ‘short’, hence a distinguishing nickname for the shorter of two closely associated people with the same personal name (for example, members of the same household).
Boy/Male
Arabic
Effectiveness; Impression
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi
Fame; Cooperative
Girl/Female
Hindu
Cooperative
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for the smaller of two men with the same forename, from the comparative of Light.Perhaps an Americanized spelling of German Leiter.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anirudhha | அநிரூத
Victorious, Cooperative
Anirudhha | அநிரூத
Boy/Male
Hindu
Victorious, Cooperative
Boy/Male
Arabic
Effectiveness; Impression
Girl/Female
Tamil
Yashshri | யஷà¯à®·à¯à®°à¯€Â
Cooperative
Yashshri | யஷà¯à®·à¯à®°à¯€Â
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Telugu
Free; Grandson of Lord Krishna; Cooperative
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably an early variant of Doughty.Edward Doty (c.1600–55) was one of the passengers on the Mayflower, a servant of Stephen Hopkins. He became comparatively wealthy and moved to Duxbury MA, where he left nine children.
Surname or Lastname
English (Nottinghamshire)
English (Nottinghamshire) : habitational name from an unidentified place probably deriving its name from Old English rēad ‘red’ + Old Norse gata ‘road’. There is a Redgate Wood in Kirklington, Nottinghamshire, but this place name may be of comparatively recent origin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain origin; perhaps derived from the vocabulary word soul as a term of affection.French (Soulé) : variant of Soulier 1.George Soule (1600–80), one of the passengers on the Mayflower in 1620, was one of the founders of Duxbury, MA, where he became comparatively wealthy. He left eight children.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Amiable and cooperative
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a Roman Catholic, a comparatively late formation. Most surnames originated before the Reformation, with its schism between the Roman Catholic and Protestant Churches.
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : unexplained; in the UK, it occurs more frequently as Liptrot, and according to Harrison is from a Germanic personal name composed of liob ‘dear’ + trūt ‘beloved’. It seems to be a comparatively recent importation into the UK.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Amiable and Cooperative
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
Girl/Female
Indian
Having life, Vitality
Boy/Male
Biblical
Chiding, or multiplying, of the Lord.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Spring
Boy/Male
Hindu
Light or happiness
Girl/Female
Australian, Indian, Tamil
Bright
Girl/Female
Welsh American Celtic
Blessed reconciliation.
Boy/Male
French English Greek
Prosperous protector. A FrenchOld English name Eadmund, meaning rich or happy, and protection.
Girl/Female
Indian
Praise, Prayer, Art (Celebrity Name: Saurav Ganguly)
Male
Hebrew
(עַמִּי×ָסָף) Hebrew name AMIASAF means "my people have been gathered in (reunited)."
Girl/Female
English American
Lakeisha and its variants are rhyming forms of Leticia. Joyful; happy.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS-RESEARCH
a.
Expressing a degree greater or less than the positive degree of the quality denoted by an adjective or adverb. The comparative degree is formed from the positive by the use of -er, more, or less; as, brighter, more bright, or less bright.
n.
The comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, the form by which the comparative degree is expressed; as, stronger, wiser, weaker, more stormy, less windy, are all comparatives.
n.
Something resembling lightning in suddenness and effectiveness.
n.
An equal; a rival; a compeer.
n.
One who makes comparisons; one who affects wit.
n.
Quality of being ineffective.
a.
Of or pertaining to comparison.
n.
The quality or state of being inadequate or insufficient; defectiveness; insufficiency; inadequateness.
n.
Description or comparative study of the customs of savage or uncivilized tribes.
adv.
According to estimate made by comparison; relatively; not positively or absolutely.
v. t.
The quality, or comparative purity, of gold or silver; fineness.
a.
Estimated by comparison; relative; not positive or absolute, as compared with another thing or state.
a.
Operating jointly to the same end.
n.
The state of being incomplete; imperfectness; defectiveness.
n.
The science of language; comparative philology; linguistics; glottology.
n.
The quality of being effective.
n.
A part considered comparatively; a share.
n.
The science of tongues or languages; comparative philology; glossology.
n.
Of comparatively small value; common; mean.
a.
Proceeding from, or by the method of, comparison; as, the comparative sciences; the comparative anatomy.