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Railway signal interlocking using computers
Computer-based interlocking (CBI) is railway signal interlocking implemented with computers and semiconductors, rather than using older technologies such
Computer-based_interlocking
Arrangement of railway signal apparatus
tracks interlocked together are sometimes collectively referred to as an interlocking plant or just as an interlocking, and the term "interlocking" is sometimes
Interlocking
referred to as computer-based interlocking (CBI), is that the arbitrary limit of 63 TFM has been raised so high that a large interlocking can be handled
Solid_State_Interlocking
in Thailand on the mainline employs color light signals and computer-based interlocking. The State Railway of Thailand is currently implementing centralized
Thai_railway_signalling
Feature that makes two mechanisms mutually interdependent
access-prevention device is not in place. Software-based interlocks can be implemented by using computer logic or control logic such as Programmable Logic
Interlock_(engineering)
Topics referred to by the same term
American televised quiz tournament Computer-based interlocking, a type of railway signal interlocking Content-based instruction, a method of teaching a
CBI
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
Rail 9000 automatic train supervision (ATS), and a Westrace computer-based interlocking (CBI) system. The signalling contract was originally awarded
Downtown_Line
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
scheduling. Train routing and interlocking functions are handled by the Trackguard Westrace MKII computer-based interlocking (CBI) system, which prevents
Jurong_Region_Line
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and Smartlock Computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that prevents incorrect signal and track points
Circle_Line_(Singapore)
Application of computer graphics to create or contribute to images
internet-based. However, the quality of internet-based systems still lags behind sophisticated in-house modeling systems. In some applications, computer-generated
Computer-generated_imagery
Metro line of Ho Chi Minh City metro
computer-based interlocking, train speed detection and measurement, data signal transmission, signal display system, depot signaling and interlocking
Ho_Chi_Minh_City_Metro_Line_2
uses contemporary technology for its signalling systems such as computer-based interlocking, automatic train protection, automatic train operation and automatic
Rail_transport_in_Singapore
Future subway line in the Philippines
supervision (ATS), train detection through track circuits, and computer-based interlocking. Nippon Signal will provide their SPARCS CBTC signalling solution
Metro_Manila_Subway
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and Smartlock Computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that prevents incorrect signal and track points
Thomson–East_Coast_Line
Any feature on a railway where an operation can take place
Bahnbetriebswerk) BZ – Betriebszentrale/ESTW (head office of computer-based interlocking) Gp – Grenzpunkt, border to another railway infrastructure manager
Railway station types in Germany
Railway_station_types_in_Germany
Manila Metro line
includes train detection through track circuits and Westrace MK1 computer-based interlocking. The signaling equipment were manufactured by Westinghouse Signals
LRT_Line_2_(Metro_Manila)
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
automatic train operation (ATO). The Urbalis system also includes a computer-based Interlocking system which controls the track switches and interfaces with
North_East_Line
Commuter rail under construction in Luzon, Philippines
supervision (ATS), train detection through track circuits, and computer-based interlocking, with provisions for automatic train operation (ATO). Hitachi
North–South_Commuter_Railway
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and a Computer-based interlocking system that prevents incorrect signal and track points to be
North–South_Line_(Singapore)
Railway signaling system
200 km (1,400 mi) of track. The order includes the delivery of computer based interlockings for the full network until 2025. The complete Belgian part of
European_Train_Control_System
Rapid transit rail project in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
(ATP), Iconis automatic train supervision (ATS) and Smartlock computer-based interlocking (CBI). There are no physical signals on the track connected to
Sydney_Metro_Northwest
Rail line in Metro Manila, Philippines
track circuits, EBI Screen 900 centralized traffic control, and computer-based interlocking. Adtranz, later Bombardier Transportation, designed and supplied
MRT_Line_3_(Metro_Manila)
Busiest railway station in Hesse, Germany
Planning began in 1998, and implementation at the end of 2001, of a computer-based interlocking of the SIMIS C type, the four-stage commissioning of which was
Frankfurt_(Main)_Hauptbahnhof
Rapid transit system in the Helsinki capital region
Roihupelto metro depot. These systems were changed into Siemens SICAS computer-based interlocking systems in December 2012. In normal conditions, routine functions
Helsinki_Metro
German part of the high-speed line Paris–Brussels–Cologne
of 750 m (2,460 ft). The relay interlocking has been replaced by connecting the station to a computer-based interlocking and the last level crossing between
Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway
Cologne–Aachen_high-speed_railway
Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore
Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and a computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that prevents incorrect signal and track points
East–West_Line_(Singapore)
Light rail line in Singapore
independent. These subsystems are connected via LAN and managed by a computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that oversees traffic safety of the APM. In July
Sengkang_LRT_line
Monorail line in Bangkok
Train Protection (ATP), Automatic Train Supervision (ATS), and Computer-Based Interlocking (CBI). Electrification is done by a third rail system along the
Pink_Line_(Bangkok)
Railway line in Germany
level crossing was closed on 29 March 2018. The Marienfelde computer-based interlocking went into operation on 3 April 2018. It controls the track systems
Berlin–Dresden_railway
Computer control of machine tools
Computer numerical control (CNC) or CNC machining is the automated control of machine tools by a computer. It is an evolution of numerical control (NC)
Computer_numerical_control
Light rail transit line in Singapore
Train Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains, and a computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that prevents incorrect signal and track points
Bukit_Panjang_LRT_line
Commuter rail line in the Philippines
May 19. PT Len Railway Systems will supply their SiLSafe 4000 computer-based interlocking system. The project was expected to be completed within 16 months
PNR_Metro_Commuter_Line
Light rail line in Singapore
independent. These subsystems are connected via LAN and managed by a computer-based interlocking (CBI) system that oversees traffic safety of the APM. The power
Punggol_LRT_line
Train station in Berlin
considerable operational problems. Since August 2017, a new computer-based interlocking has controlled the S-Bahn tracks of the Stadtbahn level between
Berlin_Ostkreuz_station
Railway signalling system
What made CTC machines different from standard interlocking machines and ABS was that the vital interlocking hardware was located at the remote location
Centralized_traffic_control
British railway signalling technology
21st century". modernrailways.com. "SSI (Solid State Interlocking) vs CBI (Computer Based Interlockings)". rsprail.co.uk. Retrieved 1 March 2026. Institution
Integrated Electronic Control Centre
Integrated_Electronic_Control_Centre
Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer
(model of the Solar System). It is the oldest known example of an analogue computer. It could be used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses decades
Antikythera_mechanism
Connection between computers or programs
application programming interface (API) is a connection between computers or between computer programs. It is a type of software interface, offering a service
API
Concept in computer science, referring to processes, or data
In computer science, synchronization is the task of coordinating multiple processes to join up or handshake at a certain point, in order to reach an agreement
Synchronization (computer science)
Synchronization_(computer_science)
Use of various control systems for operating equipment
mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic devices, and computers, usually in combination. Complicated systems, such as modern factories
Automation
Railway station in Czech Republic
replacement of the original relay alarm system with the modern ESA11 computer-based interlocking. The first and second tracks allow a speed of 120 km/h (higher
Kolín_railway_station
Plastic construction toy
Lego Group, a privately held company based in Billund, Denmark. Lego consists of variously coloured interlocking plastic bricks made of acrylonitrile
Lego
German metre-gauge railway
line number 5 since 10 December 2006. Since the switchover to a computer-based interlocking on 10 April 2008, the Weinheim–Schriesheim–Handschuhsheim Nord
Weinheim–Heidelberg_railway
Railway line in Germany
the decarbonisation of rail transport. In November 2023, a new computer-based interlocking of signal box design class ZSB 2000 [de] went into operation
Engers–Au_railway
Indian railway safety technology
control stations, being interfaced with both Electronic interlocking (EI) and Route Relay Interlocking (RRI) systems, functioning in both absolute and automatic
Kavach (train protection system)
Kavach_(train_protection_system)
Railway line in Germany
Friedberg–Hanau railway was renewed in 2010. On 19 October 2007, the computer-based interlocking in Altenstadt was connected with two remote modules in Niederdorfelden
Bad Vilbel–Glauburg-Stockheim railway
Bad_Vilbel–Glauburg-Stockheim_railway
American manufacturer of railway signaling equipment
computer-planned and executed train meet, 1981. Microprocessor based Interlocking ("Vital Processor Interlocking"), 1986. Amtrak Northeast Corridor Improvement Project
General_Railway_Signal
Railway station in Oberhausen, Germany
older mechanical signal boxes. The station was connected to the computer-based interlocking at Emmerich in June 2013. As part of the upgrade of the line
Oberhausen-Sterkrade_station
American company (1881–2009)
systems Electronic interlocking Relays Railway signals Switch machines Track circuits Computer-based manual Control systems Computer-based traffic management
Union_Switch_&_Signal
green) Interlocking signals can also include grade timing and station timing, which functions in the same way as for block signals. For GT interlocking signals
Signalling of the Toronto subway
Signalling_of_the_Toronto_subway
Railway station in Dinslaken, Germany
controlled from the Emmerich computer based interlocking since June 2013. The previously responsible relay interlocking "Dif" (class SpDrS60) built in
Dinslaken_station
American computer company
keys 1 to 9 for each decade where the keys latch when pressed, with interlocking which prevented more than one key in any decade from being latched. The
Burroughs_Corporation
American supercomputer architect (1925–1996)
realized early in his career that he should interlock the computers with the cooling systems so that the computers would not operate unless the cooling systems
Seymour_Cray
Topics referred to by the same term
(disambiguation) Tongue and groove, a type of joinery employing slots and interlocking ridges cut into material This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Slot
Railway line in Germany
operations on the track was taken over by the Köln-Ehrenfeld computer-based interlocking, which is controlled from the Duisburg operations centre. The
Erft_Railway
Railway station in Wuppertal, Germany
station building. The B 7 was reopened to traffic in July 2017. A computer-based interlocking was put into operation in the Wuppertal area at the end of August
Wuppertal_Hauptbahnhof
Train protection system in North America
any speed restrictions pertaining to the train's route through said interlocking. Speed information acquired in this fashion will be displayed on the
Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System
Advanced_Civil_Speed_Enforcement_System
Railway station in the municipality of Merklingen
controlled by the Merklingen train dispatcher from the Neckartal computer-based interlocking sub-center. The platform height is 76 cm, after a height of 55 cm
Merklingen - Schwäbische Alb station
Merklingen_-_Schwäbische_Alb_station
Railway line in Lower Saxony, Germany
now remotely controlled from Walsrode using a computer-based interlocking. In 2016, electronic interlockings were installed in Dorfmark and Fallingbostel
Heath_Railway
Principle of signals used to control railway traffic
Beginning around the 1930s, electrical relay interlockings were used. Since the mid 1980s, new interlocking systems have tended to be of the electronic
Railway_signalling
PATA—Parallel ATA PBKDF2—Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 PBS—Portable Batch System PBX—Private branch exchange PC—Personal Computer pcap—packet capture PCB—Printed
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Type of railway signalling system
with fixed block signalling systems. Communications Based Train Control (CBTC) and Transmission Based Signalling (TBS) are two signalling standards that
Moving_block
Railway line in Germany
endpoints. In July 2017, the mechanical signal box was replaced by a computer-based interlocking. Auringen-Medenbach station (50°06′49″N 8°19′55″E / 50.11359°N
Ländchen_Railway
Instruction set architecture
Interlocked Pipelined Stages) is a family of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architectures (ISA) developed by MIPS Computer Systems
MIPS_architecture
Standard-width frame for electronic equipment
Engineer. XXVII (561): 142–147. Retrieved 9 December 2019. "New Electric Interlocking at Allentown, PA". The Signal Engineer. Vol. 4, no. 9. Chicago: The Railroad
19-inch_rack
Group of information security researchers
railway signaling systems such as Automatic Train Control (ATC), Computer-based interlocking (CBI) and European Train Control System (ETCS). In "Greater China
SCADA_Strangelove
American computer scientist (1943–2005)
a set of interlocking wood blocks. One of Raskin's instruments was the organ. In 1978 he published an article in BYTE on using computers with the instrument
Jef_Raskin
Railway line in Germany
by the Ortenau-S-Bahn (OSB) in 2005 and the construction of a computer-based interlocking at Freudenstadt Hauptbahnhof. One of the last projects of the
Eutingen im Gäu–Schiltach railway line
Eutingen_im_Gäu–Schiltach_railway_line
Railway line in Germany
reverse at the platform. The airport station is controlled by a computer-based interlocking in Selchow. Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland (German railway atlas)
Grünau Cross–Berlin Brandenburg Airport railway
Grünau_Cross–Berlin_Brandenburg_Airport_railway
American toy company
K'Nex was purchased by Florida-based company Basic Fun! in 2018. The toy's building system consists of interlocking plastic rods, connectors, blocks
K'Nex
Video game series
the defining elements of that genre, in particular the complexity of interlocking gameplay systems introduced in the first Civilization game. The Civilization
Civilization_(series)
German railway line
Möhlstraße depot in Mannheim. The adaption of equipment for computer-based interlocking technology also takes place here. Control of the Edingen signal
Mannheim Kurpfalzbrücke–Edingen–Heidelberg railway
Mannheim_Kurpfalzbrücke–Edingen–Heidelberg_railway
underside. This innovation provided robust base support, dramatically enhancing both the bricks' interlocking strength and their potential for diverse constructions
History_of_Lego
Railway line in Germany
28 May 2006 to 9 December 2006, the line was converted to a computer-based interlocking and extensively renovated. With the 2013/2014 timetable change
Warburg–Sarnau_railway
Construction toy
plastics and toy company based in Barcelona, Spain, which ceased operation in 1993. The toys consist of multi-colored interlocking plastic bricks in multiple
Tente_(toy)
Educational aid
lines, Cuisenaire rods, fraction strips, base ten blocks (also known as Dienes or multibase blocks), interlocking linking cubes (such as Unifix), construction
Manipulative (mathematics education)
Manipulative_(mathematics_education)
German railway
Kreuztal and Wallau and 80 km/h between Wallau and Cölbe. A computer-based interlocking was opened in Lützel station in December 2014. In addition to
Kreuztal–Cölbe_railway
Railway station in the municipality of Fichtenberg (Württemberg)
Retrieved 10 January 2025. "Construction project Fichtenberg computer-based interlocking" (in German). Deutsche Bahn. Retrieved 24 July 2023. v t e v
Fichtenberg_station
of one leads straight into the next. Another configuration involves interlocking corkscrews, where two corkscrews are intertwined, with each crossing
List of roller coaster elements
List_of_roller_coaster_elements
Railway cab signalling system
beacon based, with information transmitted to the train at fixed intervals via stationary beacons at key points along the line. The on board computer takes
Automatic Train Protection (United Kingdom)
Automatic_Train_Protection_(United_Kingdom)
Railway line in Germany
subsection was rebuilt to allow operations at 160 km/h (99 mph). A computer-based interlocking was installed in Vetschau, which is connected to the Lübbenau
Berlin–Görlitz_railway
Mechanically-interlinked pieces to be manipulated
cannot solve this puzzle. The problem here lies in the shape of the interlocking pieces – the mating surfaces are tapered, and thus can only be removed
Mechanical_puzzle
Railway line in Germany
stations and the Ungerhausen yard were connected to the Memmingen computer-based interlocking. The stations at Türkheim, Stetten and Sontheim were rebuilt
Buchloe–Memmingen_railway
1998 television anime series
appeared on screen. As an example, the X-shaped hair clip was to be an interlocking pattern of gold links. The links would open with a snap, or rotate around
Serial_Experiments_Lain
Semi-submersible offshore drilling rig
not equipped with fail-safe hatches, outboard pressure gauges, and an interlocking mechanism, which would have prevented the trunk from being opened while
Byford_Dolphin
Form of message tampering
In cryptography and computer security, a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, or on-path attack, is a cyberattack where the attacker secretly relays and possibly
Man-in-the-middle_attack
1980 video game
Pac-Man's 30th anniversary. It is a multiplayer browser-based game with user-created, interlocking mazes. For April Fools' Day in 2017, Google created a
Pac-Man
Beacon or transponder used on railways
were specified to work up to 350 km/h (220 mph). The train's on-board computer uses the data from the balises to determine the safe speed profile for
Balise
Rail line in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
is responsible for the railway infrastructure, commissioned a computer-based interlocking system in Oberkirch, which controls operations between Appenweier
Rench_Valley_Railway
Type of train protection system
capacity limitations at each interlocking of a large commuter rail operation when a train is broken down at the interlocking and 10–20 other trains are
Positive_train_control
Danish multinational toy company
manufacturer and media company based in Billund. It manufactures Lego-branded toys, consisting mostly of interlocking acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
The_Lego_Group
Railway signaling system
to enter the branch, and once the train has passed that signal, the interlocking will hold it at 'danger' (and the signal cannot be cleared a subsequent
Signalling_block_system
German train protection system
electricity supply, however, which was not available in the mechanical interlocking stations widespread at the time. Parallel investigations looked at optical
Punktförmige_Zugbeeinflussung
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
others followed up on this work. Design patterns gained popularity in computer science after the book Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented
Software_design_pattern
Railway line in Switzerland
cross. Bazenheid received a covered passenger shelter. A new computer-based interlocking was initially remotely controlled from St. Gallen. Since the
Wil–Ebnat-Kappel_railway
American fabless semiconductor design company
37.4201°N 122.0728°W / 37.4201; -122.0728 MIPS Tech LLC, formerly MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. and MIPS Technologies, Inc., is an American fabless semiconductor
MIPS_Technologies
Alternative currency whose unit of account is a measure of time
time-based currency is an alternative currency or exchange system where the unit of account is the person-hour or some other time unit. Some time-based currencies
Time-based_currency
Topics referred to by the same term
a brand of whisky CC's, a tortilla chip brand in Australia Stylized interlocking CC, the monogram of Coco Chanel, and brand logo for the House of Chanel
CC
the toys. She is loosely based on the LeapFrog line of electronics, particularly the LeapPad line of children's tablet computers. LeapFrog themselves went
List_of_Toy_Story_characters
Natural number
Pillars". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 2020-08-03. Sarhangi, Reza (2012). "Interlocking Star Polygons in Persian Architecture: The Special Case of the Decagram
5
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Compiler of Hadith
Boy/Male
Hindu
Computer
Boy/Male
Indian
Base
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Compiler of the Vedas
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Unattained; Cannot be Competed with
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian
Smiling
Girl/Female
Muslim
To compete with pride
Boy/Male
English
Phonetic name based on initials.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Computer
Male
Egyptian
, the father of Hor-imhotep.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Smiling
Girl/Female
British, English
Based
Boy/Male
Muslim
Compiler of Hadith
Boy/Male
Tamil
Base
Boy/Male
Afghan, African, Arabic, Australian, Chinese, Greek, Indian, Muslim
Brave
Boy/Male
Arabic, French, Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Muslim, Sindhi
Joy; Solved; Based
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
To Compete with Pride
Boy/Male
English
Phonetic name based on initials.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Brave
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Smiling
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for a boatbuilder or a mariner, from Middle English ship ‘ship’.
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Greek
Victorious.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Herbert.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vishwambhari | விஷà¯à®µà®‚பரீ
Name of a Raga
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Prosperous
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
An Ancient; A Rishi; Smooth Haired
Boy/Male
Tamil
Nipun
Girl/Female
Hindu
Quiet
Surname or Lastname
English
English : see Parsell.
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
COMPUTER BASED-INTERLOCKING
n.
A computer.
imp. & p. p.
of Commute
a.
Reduced; lowered; restrained; as, to speak with bated breath.
imp. & p. p.
of Compete
n.
A preparation of fruit in sirup in such a manner as to preserve its form, either whole, halved, or quartered; as, a compote of pears.
v. i.
To pay, or arrange to pay, in gross instead of part by part; as, to commute for a year's travel over a route.
a.
Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as, base coin; base bullion.
n.
One who computes.
a.
Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based.
a.
Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate, one held by services not honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is called base, or low, and the tenant, a base tenant.
a.
Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a base fellow; base motives; base occupations.
n.
A composer or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Compute
imp. & p. p.
of Base
n.
Wearing, or protected by, bases.
n.
A pie; baked food.
v. t.
To exchange; to put or substitute something else in place of, as a smaller penalty, obligation, or payment, for a greater, or a single thing for an aggregate; hence, to lessen; to diminish; as, to commute a sentence of death to one of imprisonment for life; to commute tithes; to commute charges for fares.
imp. & p. p.
of Compute
n.
One who commutes; especially, one who commutes in traveling.
n.
A rustic play; -- called also prisoner's base, prison base, or bars.