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Solid State Interlocking (SSI) is the brand name of the first generation processor-based interlocking developed in the 1980s by British Rail's Research
Solid_State_Interlocking
Arrangement of railway signal apparatus
tracks interlocked together are sometimes collectively referred to as an interlocking plant or just as an interlocking, and the term "interlocking" is sometimes
Interlocking
Railway signal interlocking using computers
Computer-based interlocking (CBI) is railway signal interlocking implemented with computers and semiconductors, rather than using older technologies such
Computer-based_interlocking
System installed in trains to prevent collisions through driver error
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Automatic_train_protection
Type of signal box in railway signalling
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Block_post
British railway signalling technology
they controlled Solid State Interlockings (SSIs), a software version of the traditional relay interlocking, but existing relay interlockings may also be controlled
Integrated Electronic Control Centre
Integrated_Electronic_Control_Centre
Railway signalling system
token. The token is then transmitted to the train by radio. The Solid State Interlocking controlling the system prevents the issue of any token permitting
Radio_Electronic_Token_Block
Audible signal used at level crossings
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Wayside_horn
Railway safety system
controlling the green aspect to energise the AWS electro-magnet. In a Solid State Interlocking the signal module has a "Green-Proved" output from its driver electronics
Automatic_Warning_System
Method of controlling single line railways
West Croydon line before resignalling. Usually in such cases special interlocking was provided between the two instruments at the intermediate signal box
Token_(railway_signalling)
French rolling stock manufacturer
after which the state was entitled to a 15% share at a similar markdown on the actual market price. "FY 2024/25: Alstom delivers solid profit and cash
Alstom
Rail traffic control systems used in the United Kingdom
complexity in providing flashing aspects prior to the introduction of solid state interlocking resulted in more stringent criteria for the use of flashing aspects
UK_railway_signalling
of an interlocking and 20 mph when not in the limits of an interlocking. This is used for trains negotiating complex trackwork at interlockings. Restricted
North American railroad signals
North_American_railroad_signals
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Dutch_railway_signalling
American railroad products company
company announced it was to assemble EMD locomotives at a plant leased in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. On May 24, 2008, Caterpillar agreed to acquire
Progress_Rail
Train protection system
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Chinese_Train_Control_System
Former Canadian rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer
America: Brazil: Monorail manufacturing facility in Hortolandia São Paulo state. In early 2013, Deutsche Bahn announced that it was suing Bombardier for
Bombardier_Transportation
Train protection system
locomotive consists of two magnet field detectors, which detect the signal's state according to polarity and timing of the magnetic field emitted by the second
Integra-Signum
Railway rolling stock manufacturer
2022 at the Wayback Machine The application of Smart Data Services in interlocking systems - Data Capture Unit Archived 21 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine
Siemens_Mobility
Rail traffic control systems used in Norway
February 2026. Solberg, Bjørn Olav (1994). "Train radio system for Norwegian State Railways" (PDF). Telektronikk (4). Telenor: 73–81. Archived from the original
Norwegian_railway_signalling
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Finnish_railway_signalling
Beacon or transponder used on railways
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Balise
Type of railway signalling system
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Moving_block
Type of train protection system in Japan
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Train automatic stopping controller
Train_automatic_stopping_controller
Czech private commercial company
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
AŽD_Praha
Spanish train protection system
Dimetal of Spain for use on various Iberian rail systems. RENFE, the Spanish state-owned railway operator, was put in charge of the rail system in 1975. Before
Anuncio de Señales y Frenado Automático
Anuncio_de_Señales_y_Frenado_Automático
Railway safeworking operations
variety of names including signal box (International and British) and interlocking tower (North America). London Underground call them signalling cabins
Signalling_control
American former railroad equipment manufacture
services along the Corridor. The Brighton park crossing and Pershing Main interlocks utilize Safetran's Grade crossing predictor hardware and software, modernizing
Safetran
Intersection where a road crosses a railway at the same level
a runway crossing on the Belfast–Derry railway line. The runway was interlocked with conventional railway block instruments to the control tower. Scotland:
Level_crossing
Italian railway gadgets
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Italian_railway_signalling
Automatic train control systems
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
EBICAB
Type of train protection system
capacity limitations at each interlocking of a large commuter rail operation when a train is broken down at the interlocking and 10–20 other trains are
Positive_train_control
Topics referred to by the same term
seismic engineering Solid State Interlocking, the brand name of a railway signalling system developed in the 1980s in the UK Solid state ionics, the study
SSI
Rail rolling stock manufacturer
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Adtranz
(Hauptsignal/Vorsignal) system. Originally, the railway company of each German state had its own signalling system. After these companies were merged into the
Railway_signals_in_Germany
Rail traffic control systems in Australia
world. Sixteen signalboxes are fitted with route control relay/solid state interlocking systems and hardwired panels, and three are equipped solely with
Australian_railway_signalling
Rail automation products company
signalling solutions[buzzword], Thales additionally develops electronic interlocking systems, axle counters that can replace track circuits, various types
Thales Rail Signalling Solutions
Thales_Rail_Signalling_Solutions
Railway fail-safe against human error
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Train_protection_system
Former British company
control equipment, including: Style 63 point machine Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking WESTRACE WESTEX WESTCAD "History". Invensys Rail Group
Westinghouse_Rail_Systems
Devices used to warn pedestrians and drivers of incoming trains at level crossings
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Level_crossing_signals
Railway points used as safety devices
the trap points are set to derail any vehicle passing that signal. Interlocking is used to make sure that the signal cannot be set to allow passage onto
Catch_points
Railway safety system
continuous reminder of the last wayside signal or a continuous indication of the state of the track ahead. The first such systems were installed on an experimental
Cab_signalling
Components of a train protection system
packet only contains its packet id with no parameters where 255 equals the state of all bits set in the 8-bit packet id field (11111111). The history of
Eurobalise
British multinational infrastructure group
electrification and power business. In 2004, Bombardier Transportation's UK Solid State Interlocking signalling resources business was purchased. During 2011, Balfour
Balfour_Beatty
Visual signal device for railway engineers
building, known as a signal box (UK) or interlocking tower (US), and eventually they were mechanically interlocked to prevent the display of a signal contrary
Railway_signal
Railway signalling device
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Treadle_(railway)
Structural fence designed to physically stop falling rocks from reaching the tracks
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Railway_slide_fence
System for safely moving trains
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Train_order_operation
Railway cab signaling technology used on high-speed rail
although the implementation itself is still based on relays rather than solid state electronics. There are two components to the TVM-430 system: one ground-based
Transmission_voie-machine
System used in railway signalling
significant distance from the evaluator, and is useful when using centralised interlocking equipment, but less so when signalling equipment is situated beside the
Axle_counter
German train protection system
electricity supply, however, which was not available in the mechanical interlocking stations widespread at the time. Parallel investigations looked at optical
Punktförmige_Zugbeeinflussung
Railway station in West Bengal, India
for many years. Kharagpur also has the Asia's largest Railway Solid State Interlocking (SSI) system. Platform nos. 1 and 3, and 2 and 4 of Kharagpur Junction
Kharagpur Junction railway station
Kharagpur_Junction_railway_station
Railway cab signalling system
saved, or £5 million if only installed at high-risk locations; Railtrack stated that it concurred with these figures. The high cost of the scheme was a
Automatic Train Protection (United Kingdom)
Automatic_Train_Protection_(United_Kingdom)
Form of fixed railway signal
by 1870. Becoming electrically operated and automatic, accompanied by interlocking, they were widely adopted in the U.S. After 1908, with the advent of
Railway_semaphore_signal
Class of train protection systems for railways
Bridge Disaster the state of New Jersey legislated use of speed control on all major passenger train operators within the State. While speed control
Automatic_train_control
panels, programmable logic controllers, a relay-based interlocking system or a solid state interlocking, and zone controllers with related power distribution
Signaling of the New York City Subway
Signaling_of_the_New_York_City_Subway
Train protection system in the UK and Victoria, Australia
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Train Protection & Warning System
Train_Protection_&_Warning_System
American company (1881–2009)
circuit inventor William Robinson) and the Interlocking Switch & Signal Company (which had pioneered interlockings). In 1925, US&S acquired the Hall Signal
Union_Switch_&_Signal
Railway operating rulebook
Description and Location of Fixed Signals (Rules 401–404) Block and Interlocking Signals (Rules 405–430) Automatic Block Signal System (ABS) Rules (Rules
Canadian_Rail_Operating_Rules
Railway signalling system component
frame contains interlocking designed to ensure that the levers cannot be operated to create a conflicting train movement. Each interlocking installation
Lever_frame
American railway signalling company
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Magnetic_Signal_Company
South Korean machinery manufacturer
Refurbished Diesel Car (RDC) (built by Daewoo) Syria – Syrian Railways Thailand – State Railway of Thailand (SRT) APD.20 and APD.60 DMUs (then by Daewoo) Turkey
Hyundai_Rotem
Anglo-Australian railway parts manufacturer
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company
Westinghouse_Brake_and_Signal_Company
City in West Bengal, India
India. Kharagpur railway junction also has Asia's largest railway Solid State Interlocking (SSI) system. The Indian Railways plans to have an East Coast Dedicated
Kharagpur
Railway safety device
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Crocodile (train protection system)
Crocodile_(train_protection_system)
Warning system for train drivers used in Ireland
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Continuous Automatic Warning System
Continuous_Automatic_Warning_System
Railroad grade crossing signal
target in the early 1930s. It required a change in the paint scheme from solid red to a black cross and border on a white background, but there was no
Wigwag_(railroad)
Railway signaling system
management as well as acting as the interface with external systems. Interlocking system. When needed as an independent subsystem (for instance as a fallback
Communications-based train control
Communications-based_train_control
American manufacturer of railway signaling equipment
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Hall_Signal_Company
Railway signaling system
legislation favours the second option where the internal equipment of interlocking stations would be replaced by new electronic ETCS desks before switching
European_Train_Control_System
Train protection system in Japan
on information received from the trains, route setting, control and interlocking, train interval regulation, and boundary control and train entry/exit
ATACS
Cross road signal company in America
signal was relatively common throughout the Midwestern United States, where state regulators required use of the design. Some were also installed in the Western
Griswold_Signal_Company
Railroad communications system
switches, manually controlled level crossings, neutral sections, or other interlocking functions. It is standard practice to have an overlap after the signal
Automatic_block_signaling
Train protection system in South Korea
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Korean_Train_Control_System
Principle of signals used to control railway traffic
relay interlockings were used. Since the mid 1980s, new interlocking systems have tended to be of the electronic variety. Modern interlocking systems
Railway_signalling
Disused railway station in Staffordshire, England
experimental Westinghouse solid-state interlocking system for some years, which was later converted to a conventional relay-based interlocking; this signal box
Norton_Bridge_railway_station
Transportation company
in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from the assets of the Interlocking Switch & Signal Company (interlocking controls) and the Union Electric Signal Company. The
Hitachi_Rail_STS
Italian train protection system
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Sistema Controllo Marcia Treno
Sistema_Controllo_Marcia_Treno
Dutch system of automatic train protection
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Automatische Treinbeïnvloeding
Automatische_Treinbeïnvloeding
Train protection system
the train's speed, length and category. displays information about the state of the system. It does not replicate trackside signals for the driver (for
Contrôle de vitesse par balises
Contrôle_de_vitesse_par_balises
Railway signalling system
What made CTC machines different from standard interlocking machines and ABS was that the vital interlocking hardware was located at the remote location
Centralized_traffic_control
American manufacturer of railway signaling equipment
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Federal_Signal_Company
Railway signaling system
to enter the branch, and once the train has passed that signal, the interlocking will hold it at 'danger' (and the signal cannot be cleared a subsequent
Signalling_block_system
section. Some operators treat such signals as block signals. In non-interlocking stations, there may be a No.0 block signal (in some operations, a No
Japanese_railway_signals
Type of railway with speeds approaching but less than that of true high-speed rail
signalling needed to be computerized. The project employed the Solid State Interlocking with the newly laid fiber-optic communication between the components
Higher-speed_rail
Sign with level crossings, often in a cross
crossbuck indicates the number of tracks at the crossing. In the 1990s, the state of Ohio experimented with the modified Buckeye Crossbuck, which had a specialized
Crossbuck
British railway signalling scheme
to be connected together by telegraph, with instruments that showed the state of each stage. In 1842 he published these ideas in a book entitled Telegraphic
Absolute_block_signalling
Commuter railway line in Essex, England
contractor for the work was GEC Alsthom which provided a Mark 3 Solid State Interlocking (SSI) system, with SEMA providing the IECC element at Upminster
London, Tilbury and Southend line
London,_Tilbury_and_Southend_line
English railway signalling firm
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Smith_and_Yardley
Electrical device used to detect the presence of trains on rail tracks
inherent weakness of this arrangement was that it could fail in an unsafe state. For example, a broken wire in the track circuit would falsely indicate
Track_circuit
Italian train protection system
du Réseau Transeuropéen de Chemin de Fer à Grande Vitesse [Study on the State of Development and Future Prospects of the Trans-European High-Speed Rail
RS4_Codici
Set of instructions to a train crew
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Track_Warrant_Control
on the mainline employs color light signals and computer-based interlocking. The State Railway of Thailand is currently implementing centralized traffic
Thai_railway_signalling
Railway signaling in North America
of manual block signals activated by wayside operators in stations or interlocking towers eliminating the need for some trains to stop. This manual block
North American railroad signaling
North_American_railroad_signaling
Regional signalling centres on the mainland British railway network
previous ten minutes. Developments led to many everyday workings (such as interlocking points) and signal boxes to house the levers that allowed signallers
Rail_operating_centre
Railway track status technology
Dispatchers may authorize trains stopped by a zero-code to close in on certain interlocking signals by manually activating a 50 ppm close-in code. RS4 Codici is
Pulse_code_cab_signaling
Swedish railway signalling system
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Swedish_railway_signalling
Traffic control on Polish railways
warning shield) is used on lines not equipped with ABS and lines with 2-state ABS. These signals are usually placed at braking distance from the next
Polish_railway_signalling
Train control system used in Australia
Integrated Electronic Control Centre Interlocking Lever frame Rail operating centre Solid State Interlocking Westlock Interlocking Signals Application of railway
Train Management and Control System
Train_Management_and_Control_System
Railway station in Melbourne, Australia
proper interlocking of the signals and point work did not exist, and the station was not fully interlocked until 1998, when Solid State Interlocking was
Sunbury railway station, Melbourne
Sunbury_railway_station,_Melbourne
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