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Decrease in the general price level
In economics, deflation is an increase in the real value of the monetary unit of account, as reflected in a decrease in the general price level of goods
Deflation
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Deflation, deflation, or déflation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Commonly, deflation refers to a decrease in the general price level, the
Deflation_(disambiguation)
Economic theory
Debt deflation is a theory that recessions and depressions are due to the overall level of debt rising in real value because of deflation, causing people
Debt_deflation
Devaluation of money's purchasing power
reduction in the purchasing power of money. The opposite of inflation is deflation, a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. The common
Inflation
Lossless compression algorithm
In computing, Deflate (stylized as DEFLATE) is a lossless data compression algorithm that uses a combination of LZ77 and Huffman coding. It was designed
Deflate
Study of fundamental reality
meaning or no significant point is called metaphysical or ontological deflationism. This view is opposed by so-called serious metaphysicians, who contend
Metaphysics
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
and poor countries: all experienced drops in personal income, prices (deflation), tax revenues, and profits. International trade fell by more than 50%
Great_Depression
Processes due to wind activity
which experience intense and sustained erosion are called deflation zones. Most aeolian deflation zones are composed of desert pavement, a sheet-like surface
Aeolian_processes
2001 short film
Deflation is a 2001 micro-budget short film, written and directed by Roger Ashton-Griffiths. It stars Del Synnott, features Keira Knightley, who also
Deflation_(film)
Emotional neutrality that contrasts comedy
Deadpan, dry humour, or dry-wit humour is the deliberate display of emotional neutrality or no emotion, commonly as a form of comedic delivery, to contrast
Deadpan
Private university in Boston, Massachusetts, US
York Times, have published articles exploring the existence of grade deflation. The Times discovered that administrators have suggested to faculty members
Boston_University
Device used to stop wheeled vehicles
stingers, stop sticks, by the trademark Stinger or formally known as a Tire Deflation Device or TDD) is a device or incident weapon used to impede or stop the
Spike_strip
Event affected by high winds
the character having been murdered. In 2022, People ranked the Barney deflation as the "biggest balloon blunder" in the parade's 98 years. Burton, Jamie
1997 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade
1997_Macy's_Thanksgiving_Day_Parade
crash that triggered a "panic sell-off" of assets. This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices, dramatic drops in demand and the total
Causes of the Great Depression
Causes_of_the_Great_Depression
Depressions in a sand dune ecosystem caused by the removal of sediments by wind
species, can settle in an opening and prevent any further expansion and deflation. Even though a few plants species can be classed as colonizers, these
Blowout_(geomorphology)
Economic measure
consumer price index (CPI), the GDP deflator is a measure of price inflation/deflation with respect to a specific base year; the GDP deflator of the base year
GDP_deflator
Accounting model
price index) during low inflation, high inflation, hyperinflation and deflation; i.e., during all possible economic environments. During all economic
Constant purchasing power accounting
Constant_purchasing_power_accounting
Japanese economic policy under Shinzo Abe
Japan's economy, which had started to recover from a long recession and deflation. He suggested the tax hike should be deferred to avoid discouraging consumption
Abenomics
Family of philosophical theories
and logic, a deflationary theory of truth (also semantic deflationism or simply deflationism) is one of a family of theories that all have in common the
Deflationary_theory_of_truth
Economic downturn from 1929 to 1935
debt. Chancellor Heinrich Brüning introduced a policy of austerity and deflation in an attempt to handle the twin crises. After the Reichstag rejected
Great_Depression_in_Germany
Reserve can use in conducting monetary policy to combat deflation. In 2002, when the word "deflation" began appearing in the business news, Bernanke, then
Bernanke_doctrine
Change in the shape of a volcano or the land surrounding it
be in the form of inflation, which is a response to pressurization, or deflation, which is a response to depressurization. Inflation is represented by
Deformation_(volcanology)
American economist (1867–1947)
earliest American neoclassical economists, though his later work on debt deflation has been embraced by the post-Keynesian school. Joseph Schumpeter described
Irving_Fisher
Australian economist and author (born 1953)
debts increases the rate of deflation. Thus, debt and deflation act on and react to one another, resulting in a debt-deflation spiral. The outcome is a depression
Steve_Keen
Type of desert earth surface
tightly packed together. Desert pavement formation can be attributed to deflation, the erosion of fine-grained material, or an upward migration of gravel
Desert_pavement
Electronic system in vehicles
sometimes referred to by other names, such as Ford's ‘Deflation Detection System (DDS)’ or Honda's ‘Deflation Warning System (DWS)’. iTPMS cannot measure or
Tire-pressure monitoring system
Tire-pressure_monitoring_system
Desert landscape with mostly rock instead of sand
hard rocky (basalt) plateaus, where most of the sand has been removed by deflation. The majority of the Sahara is hamada. Other examples are Negev desert
Hamada
Political party in the German Weimar Republic
The Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation (German: Reichspartei für Volksrecht und Aufwertung), also known as the People's Justice Party (Volksrechtpartei
People's Justice Party (Germany)
People's_Justice_Party_(Germany)
Hypothesized cycle-like phenomena in the modern world economy
of Georgists predicted that a depression would occur around 2008. Debt deflation is a theory of economic cycles which holds that recessions and depressions
Kondratiev_wave
compared to the currency. If the inflation rate is negative, that indicates deflation, a general decrease in prices of goods and services traded for a country's
List of countries by inflation rate
List_of_countries_by_inflation_rate
Biological reflex to prevent lung over-inflation
the deflation reflex discovered by the same individuals, Hering and Breuer. The majority of this page discusses the inflation reflex; the deflation reflex
Hering–Breuer_reflex
Large dry lakebed in the Sahara Desert
deflation: strong surface winds and erodible sediment. But recent research has argued that long-term links exist between topography, wind, deflation and
Bodélé_Depression
Non-periodic tiling of the plane
tilings with different sizes of tiles, using processes called inflation and deflation. The pattern represented by every finite patch of tiles in a Penrose tiling
Penrose_tiling
The Big Hollow is a wind eroded deflation basin located to the west of Laramie, Wyoming in the United States. It is the second largest wind eroded depression
The_Big_Hollow_(Wyoming)
Currency of the United States
the value of the dollar during the 1920s, before presiding over a 30% deflation in U.S. prices in the 1930s. Under the Bretton Woods system established
United_States_dollar
Chancellor of Germany from 1930 to 1932
chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1930 to 1932. His use of deflation in an attempt to combat the effects of the Great Depression in Germany
Heinrich_Brüning
Study of an economy as a whole
inflation, as well as deflation, can lead to increased uncertainty and other negative consequences, particularly when inflation (or deflation) is unexpected
Macroeconomics
System for rating game players
true if there is deflation. Using ratings to compare players between different eras is made more difficult when inflation or deflation are present (see
Elo_rating_system
Leader of China from 1949 to 1976
reforms and extreme poverty in China: unprecedented progress or income deflation?". New Political Economy. 29: 1–21. doi:10.1080/13563467.2023.2217087
Mao_Zedong
Worldwide economic recession from 1873 to 1879
the Great Depression of the 1930s. Though it marked a period of general deflation and recession, it did not have the severe economic retrogression of the
Long_Depression
Monetary system based on the value of gold
contraction of the money supply resulted in deflation. Even as nominal interest rates dropped, deflation-adjusted real interest rates remained high, rewarding
Gold_standard
Period of economic stagnation in Japan
share of the world's nominal GDP decreased from 17.8% to 3.6%. Under deflation, the value of cash increases as time passes. In such a situation, Japanese
Lost_Decades
Sharp deflationary recession
World War I. It lasted from January 1920 to July 1921. The extent of the deflation was not only large, but large relative to the accompanying decline in
Recession_of_1920–1921
Vehicle tire resistant to deflation
tyre (RFT) is a pneumatic vehicle tire designed to resist the effects of deflation when punctured, allowing the vehicle to continue to be driven at reduced
Run-flat_tire
American Founding Father and polymath (1706–1790)
successful monetary experiments in the Middle Colonies, which stopped deflation without causing excessive inflation. In 1766, he made a case for paper
Benjamin_Franklin
Series of economic data from successive years
from successive years, put in real (or constant, i.e. inflation- and deflation-adjusted) terms by computing the aggregate value of the measure (e.g.
Chained_volume_series
Monetary policy
economic activity. Policy is set to maintain a very low rate of inflation or deflation. For example, the European Central Bank (ECB) describes price stability
Price_stability
German economist and academic
Common Errors about Deflation. In: Procesos de Mercado. Revista Europea de Economía Política, 3 (1), 2006, pp. 105–123. Deflation – When Austrians Become
Philipp_Bagus
Humor that targets Barney the Dinosaur
Home video of deflation "Thanksgiving '97. The day Barney was killed"
Anti-Barney_humor
Economic term
inflation rate is not very high to start with, disinflation can lead to deflation – decreases in the general price level of goods and services. For example
Disinflation
Monetary authority of Japan
1986, USD continued to fall and reached 160yen/$. In order to escape deflation, the BOJ cut the official bank rate from 5% to 4.5% in January, to 4.0%
Bank_of_Japan
Lighter-than-air aircraft
need for rapid deflation on landing, but the parachute top remains popular as an all-around maneuvering and deflation system. Semco deflation system uses
Hot_air_balloon
Subgenre of comedy
aware of their self-centered view, or by making them oblivious to the ego-deflation that the comedy deals them. Sometimes an unlikable protagonist may not
Cringe_comedy
Standard numerical measure used to value and compare goods and services
power or real value of monetary values constant during inflation and deflation. Money is rarely perfectly stable in real value which is the fundamental
Unit_of_account
necessary, but inflation beyond a low level is not desirable. However, deflation is often seen as a worse or equal danger, particularly within Keynesian
Inflationism
American football player and commentator (born 1977)
later. On May 6, 2015, the NFL published a 243-page report regarding the deflation of footballs used in the previous season's AFC Championship Game. The
Tom_Brady
Economic process
compartflation) is a state of the economy, in which the processes of inflation and deflation occur simultaneously in different parts of the economy. The term was coined
Biflation
Colombian company founder
firm, Brickell Analytics, owns the registered trademark Rising Yield Deflation. Gilinski was born in Colombia. He graduated from Georgetown University
Isaac_Gilinski
Act of the US Congress
not be converted into currency in the Treasury. After the act of 1934, deflation, which would sometimes be as great as −10.5% in the bust of 1921 (which
Gold_Reserve_Act
Irish actor (born 1977)
while Knightley was 16. The two later appeared together in the short film Deflation by Roger Ashton-Griffiths and as extras in the larger film Thunderpants
Del_Synnott
Monetary policy tool
mixed side effects and risks: it may overshoot its goal by countering deflation too aggressively and fueling long-term inflation, or fail to stimulate
Quantitative_easing
Macroeconomic measure
value of economic output adjusted for price changes (i.e. inflation or deflation). This adjustments transforms the money-value measure, nominal GDP, into
Real_gross_domestic_product
Area-denial weapon
A caltrop (/ˈkæl.tɹəp, ˈkal.-, ˈkɔːl.-/; also known as caltrap, galtrop, cheval trap, galthrap, galtrap, calthrop, jackrock or crow's foot) is an area
Caltrop
Policy proposal; central banks making direct money transfers to the public
chairman suggested that helicopter money could always be used to prevent deflation. A monetary policy that involves helicopter money requires that central
Helicopter_money
Economic theory and proposal by Silvio Gesell
issued for a limited period by constant value (neither inflation, nor deflation). Long-term saving requires investment in bonds or stocks. Freigeld is
Freiwirtschaft
Thin layer of gases surrounding Jupiter's moon Io
Deflation of the atmosphere of Io as it enters Jupiter's shadow, as visualized by the artist.
Atmosphere_of_Io
Situation described in Keynesian economics
caused when people hold cash because they expect an adverse event such as deflation, insufficient aggregate demand, or war. Among the characteristics of a
Liquidity_trap
Type of economic recession
term is attributed to economist Richard Koo and is related to the debt deflation concept described by economist Irving Fisher. Recent examples include
Balance_sheet_recession
Reservoir in Pyrénées-Orientales
Villeneuve-de-la-Raho in Pyrénées-Orientales, France. The lake lies in a deflation pan. That is a natural, circular, shallow depression caused by the removal
Lac_de_Villeneuve-de-la-Raho
Medieval Catholic state in present-day Latvia (1186-1561)
2009-07-22. due to deflation, no coins were minted during the reign of Jasper Linde; biographical data exists in alternate formats due to deflation, no coins were
Archbishopric_of_Riga
Electronics that can bend and stretch
polymer backing. Silicon usage is minimized over the substrate and the ensemble is quite flexible, to survive inflation and deflation of the balloon.
Stretchable_electronics
Southeast Asian nation finances
economic output of a nation without any adjustments for inflation or deflation. GDP PPP stands for Gross Domestic Product at Purchasing Power Parity
List of ASEAN countries by GDP
List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_GDP
2015 NFL scandal
that New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady ordered the deliberate deflation of footballs that were used in the Patriots' victory against the Indianapolis
Deflategate
Private university in Princeton, New Jersey, US
Grade Deflation". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021. "On grade deflation". The
Princeton_University
Economic policy issue in the United States
was suffering from a severe depression characterized by falling prices (deflation), high unemployment in industrial areas, and severe distress for farmers
Free_silver
The 1990–1994 Swedish financial crisis took place in Sweden when the deflation of a housing bubble caused a severe credit crunch and bank crisis and a
1990–1994 Swedish financial crisis
1990–1994_Swedish_financial_crisis
Study of how cryptographic tokens create economic value
economics system, the economy is subject to fluctuations like inflation and deflation. Central banks intervene through monetary policies. Tokenomics can be
Tokenomics
Topics referred to by the same term
GDP, a raw gross domestic product value uncompensated for inflation or deflation Nominal techniques, computer science techniques for working with formal
Nominal
became central to the Japanese economy. After the economic slowdown and deflation of the 1990s, the Japanese government adopted policies such as quantitative
Economic_history_of_Japan
Total market value of goods and services produced within a country
compensating for changes in the value of money—for the effects of inflation or deflation—is usually desirable. To make it more meaningful for year-to-year comparisons
Gross_domestic_product
Sudden collapse of asset values which generates a credit or business cycle
debts can be taken on ... But in truth neither the boom, nor the debt deflation ... and certainly not a recovery can go on forever. — Hyman Minsky, John
Minsky_moment
German state elections
German Democratic Party 4,495 5.56 1 0 Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 3,225 3.99 1 New Nazi Party 2,713 3.35 0 New Catholic People's Representatives
Lippe Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic
Lippe_Landtag_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic
Total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time
when they do suffer price cuts (as in Japan), it can lead to disastrous deflation. A post-Keynesian theory of aggregate demand emphasizes the role of debt
Aggregate_demand
German state elections
German Democratic Party 1,714 2.31 2 –5 Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 993 1.34 1 New Centre Party 666 0.90 1 New Lübeck War Disabled and War
Lübeck state elections in the Weimar Republic
Lübeck_state_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic
Civil War general, U.S. president from 1869 to 1877
supply did not increase as quickly as the population, the result was deflation. Silverites, who wanted more money in circulation to raise the prices
Ulysses_S._Grant
German state elections
German Democratic Party 37,789 7.83 5 –1 Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 24,123 5.00 3 New German National People's Party 23,998 4.97 3 –2 Total
Hessian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic
Hessian_Landtag_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic
American racing driver and businessman (born 1945)
officials received rumors that teams were purposely deflating their tires. Deflation of the tires provides more control and grip on the track. Officials confiscated
Richard_Childress
Currency moving with commodity prices
double-edged sword for a country's economy. While any nation usually experiences deflation when exports fall and inflation when they rise, these swings are much
Commodity_currency
American television sitcom (1993–2004)
misunderstanding as "inspired by the classic comedy of manners as were the frequent deflations of Frasier’s pomposity". In 2017, 13 years after the show ended, Frasier
Frasier
German state elections
German Democratic Party 26,832 3.34 2 New Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation 22,077 2.75 1 New German Völkisch Freedom Party 9,115 1.13 1 New Communist
Thuringian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic
Thuringian_Landtag_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic
Algorithm to calculate eigenvalues
the matrix along the steps of the algorithm. As in the first version, deflation is performed as soon as one of the sub-diagonal entries of A k {\displaystyle
QR_algorithm
Surgical procedure
rupture-and-deflation rate of one-point-zero per cent (1.0%) at the six-year, median age of the medical device. Regarding the detection of rupture-and-deflation defects
Breast_augmentation
Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
it, whereupon maintenance staff performed an intentional, controlled deflation to protect the integrity of the roof's intact fabric panels. As it was
BC_Place
British–French supersonic airliner
fans. Wheel sensors include brake overload, brake temperature, and tyre deflation. After a typical landing at Heathrow, brake temperatures were around 300–400 °C
Concorde
Real estate bubble
of the middle class were unable to afford homes in large cities. The deflation of the property bubble is seen as one of the primary causes for China's
Chinese property bubble (2005–2011)
Chinese_property_bubble_(2005–2011)
Policy regarding macroeconomic conditions
monetary policy instrument and can be associated with slow economic growth, deflation and deleverage. ZIRP could also describe an interest-free economy. Under
Zero_interest-rate_policy
average rate of accumulation, but struggle to avoid the threat of deflation. Deflation brings social destabilization and threatens capitalist accumulation
Differential_accumulation
Pressurized building-size envelope
build-up of an extreme load may rupture the envelope, leading to a sudden deflation and collapse. In hot or cold climates, air conditioning adds to the energy
Air-supported_structure
Capital and most populous city in Japan
Decades", characterized by extremely low or negative economic growth, deflation, and stagnant asset prices. Tokyo's status as a world city is said to
Tokyo
down and wages fall. This is referred to as "wage repression" or "wage deflation" and is accomplished by outsourcing and offshoring production. Step 2
Internal contradictions of capital accumulation
Internal_contradictions_of_capital_accumulation
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance