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Concept in population ecology
In population ecology, density dependence occurs when population growth rates are regulated by the population density. The concept affects macroparasite
Density_dependence
delayed density dependence describes a situation where population growth is controlled by negative feedback operating with a time lag. Delayed density dependence
Delayed_density_dependence
Academic discipline; examines how goal-driven social entities grow, survive and die
of founding and mortality are dependent on the number of organizations (density) in the market. The two central mechanisms here are legitimization (the
Organizational_ecology
Explanation for tree species biodiversity in rainforests
(same-species) tree (distance dependence) or when seeds or seedlings are closer to seeds or seedlings of the same species (density dependence), rather than testing
Janzen–Connell_hypothesis
Mass per unit volume of the Earth's atmosphere
The density of air or atmospheric density, denoted ρ, is the mass per unit volume of Earth's atmosphere at a given point and time. Air density, like air
Density_of_air
host density patches. When low host density causes an increase in incidence of parasitism or disease, this is known as inverse host density dependence, whereas
Threshold_host_density
coexistence. Subsequent refinements of the model, notably adding density dependence on several terms, allowed this coexistence to happen. The model is
Nicholson–Bailey_model
Population phenomenon in biology
(increased fitness with higher population density). When population density reaches a high number, negative density dependence often offsets the component Allee
Allee_effect
Mass per unit volume
Machine Water – Density and specific weight Temperature dependence of the density of water – Conversions of density units A delicious density experiment Archived
Density
Measure of misalignment between the gradients of pressure and density in a fluid
fully general case). A simpler case, barotropic flow, allows for density dependence only on pressure, so that the curl of the pressure-gradient force
Baroclinity
Statistical mechanics framework
collisions). Including this mechanism predicts a density dependence of the viscosity at high enough density, which is also observed experimentally. Obtaining
Chapman–Enskog_theory
Formula for temperature dependence of rates of chemical reactions
physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates. In 1889 while working with Wilhelm Ostwald at Leipzig
Arrhenius_equation
Li, Z.; Lynch, W. G.; Steiner, A. W. (2009). "Constraints on the Density Dependence of the Symmetry Energy". Physical Review Letters. 102 (12) 122701
Symmetry_energy
Species of fish
intermediate waters, but are also affected by secondary reactions from density dependence and the climatic conditions of the surface. Although the species was
Atlantic_pomfret
one molecule on the field felt by nearby molecules) give rise to a density dependence. The molar refractivity is commonly expressed as a sum of components
Molar_refractivity
Bried; A.C. Hicks; T.H. Kunz; A.M. Kilpatrick (2012). "Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering
List of recently extinct mammals
List_of_recently_extinct_mammals
Compound annual growth rate Population momentum Demographic transition Density dependence Doubling time Exponential growth Fertility fraud Great Stork Derby
List of people with the most children
List_of_people_with_the_most_children
American ecologist and poet
and research studies on stream fish assemblages, habitat selection, density dependence, and population regulation. He was also elected a Fellow of the American
Gary_Grossman
Causes of death outside the individual's control
lower the influence of density dependence. This compensates the influence of both factors on senescence only if density dependence acts on survival independently
Extrinsic_mortality
Alternate metric for population density
Population-weighted density's dependence on parcel size can often lead to criticism as lack of standardization can make population-weighted density difficult to compare
Population_weighted_density
Medical condition
Caffeine dependence is substance dependence on caffeine. Conditions may include symptoms of tolerance, withdrawal, persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts
Caffeine_dependence
Overuse of a shared resource
"Population dynamics of mutualism and intraspecific density dependence: How θ-logistic density dependence affects mutualistic positive feedback". Ecological
Tragedy_of_the_commons
Mathematical ecologist (born 1945)
L. R., Ferson, S. and Akçakaya, H. R. 1990. Reconstructability of density dependence and the conservative assessment of extinction risk. Conservation Biology
Lev_R._Ginzburg
Management concept
and the results often depend on whether density dependence occurs in the larval stage (often modeled as density dependent reproduction) and/or other life
Maximum_sustainable_yield
Critically endangered rhinoceros subspecies
(Benson, 1, 791). Each individual rhino's relationship concerning "density dependence...sex ratio, and underlying growth rates" was the team's main focus
Eastern_black_rhinoceros
Species of bird
ISSN 1474-919X. Pöysä, H.; Pöysä, S. (2002-06-13). "Nest-site limitation and density dependence of reproductive output in the common goldeneye Bucephala clangula:
Common_goldeneye
Capacity of a material to conduct heat
non-uniform density in a high density gas. This modification has been carried out, yielding revised Enskog theory, which predicts a density dependence of the
Thermal conductivity and resistivity
Thermal_conductivity_and_resistivity
Species of amphibian
hellbender populations. One researcher claimed perhaps density is maintained, and density dependence in turn created, in part by intraspecific predation
Hellbender
Theory that resource wealth slows growth
"Population dynamics of mutualism and intraspecific density dependence: How θ-logistic density dependence affects mutualistic positive feedback". Ecological
Resource_curse
on biodiversity. They can also be employed to examine the cost and density dependence of habitat selection in a population. Criticism leveled against the
Isodar
Species of bird
vultures may form loose colonies. The population is mostly resident. Density Dependence in this colonial species has been shown to affect annual reproductive
Eurasian_griffon_vulture
Species of mammal (camelid)
María; Skewes, Oscar; Soto, Nicolás; Rabinovich, Jorge E. (2018). "How density-dependence and climate affect guanaco population dynamics". Ecological Modelling
Guanaco
American evolutionary biologist and ecologist (born 1951)
Bernt-Erik Sæther, and of methods for estimating density dependence from time series of population density. Some of the concepts and tools he introduced
Russell_Lande
Framework explaining how competitor traits can maintain species diversity
evidence for coexistence by showing that a trade-off produced negative density-dependence at the population level. The authors reviewed 323 papers (from 1972
Coexistence_theory
Increase in the number of individuals in a population
Population Birth control Demographic history Demographic transition Density dependence Ecological overshoot Epidemiological transition Human population planning
Population_growth
Form of precipitation
The air density dependence of the maximum raindrop diameter together with fossil raindrop imprints has been used to constrain the density of the air
Rain
Species of rodent
original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-02-12. Saucy, F. (1994). "Density dependence in time series of the fossorial form of the water vole, Arvicola terrestris"
European_water_vole
In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons
1163/156853955x00229. S2CID 86589740. Tedeger, R.W.; Krause, J. (1995). "Density dependence and numerosity in fright stimulated aggregation behaviour of shoaling
Shoaling_and_schooling
Fungus that can act as a parasite of insects
Ugelvig, L.V., Pedersen, D., Thomsen, L., Poulsen, M. et al. (2004) Density-dependence and within-host competition in a semelparous parasite of leafcutting
Entomopathogenic_fungus
Statistical relationship
characterizes the (hyper-)ellipses of equal density; however, it does not completely characterize the dependence structure (for example, a multivariate t-distribution's
Correlation
Energy per volume
In physics, energy density is the quotient between the amount of energy stored in a given system or contained in a given region of space and the volume
Energy_density
Evolutionary process
only advantageous once it has become common. Apostatic selection Density dependence Evolutionary game theory Evolutionarily stable strategy Frequency-dependent
Frequency-dependent_selection
Species of true bug
Membracidae)". Insecta Mundi. Morales, Manuel A. (2000). "Mechanisms and Density Dependence of Benefit in an Ant–Membracid Mutualism". Ecology. 81 (2): 482–489
Entylia_carinata
Bird behaviour related to reproduction and early development
ISSN 0021-8790. PMID 38078562. Southwell, Colin; Emmerson, Louise (2020). "Density dependence forces divergent population growth rates and alters occupancy patterns
Breeding_behaviour_of_birds
Form of matter
(E∗Es)f=Cf(ρ∗ρs)3 where the only difference is the exponent in the density dependence. However, in real materials, a closed-cell foam has more material
Foam
Scottish breed of sheep
animals. The sheep exhibit a phenomenon known as overcompensatory density dependence, in which their population never reaches equilibrium. The population
Soay_sheep
Mathematics of change in size and age
others, tried to simulate some of these population dynamics. Delayed density dependence Lotka-Volterra equations Minimum viable population Maximum sustainable
Population_dynamics
Amount of charge flowing through a unit cross-sectional area per unit time
of current density is based upon: 𝐣(𝐫,t)=∫−∞t[∫Vσ(𝐫−𝐫′,t−t′)𝐄(𝐫′,t′)d3𝐫′]dt′ indicating the lag in response by the time dependence of σ, and the
Current_density
American biologist and zoologist
predator" on South African savannas. In 2024 he co-authored studies of density dependence in Serengeti lion demography, human–lion conflict in Namibia and social
Craig_Packer
Behavior; storage of food in hidden locations
Clarkson, K.; Eden, S.F.; Sutherland, W.J.; Houston, A.I. (1986). "Density, dependence and magpie hoarding". J. Anim. Ecol. 55 (1): 111–121. doi:10.2307/4696
Hoarding_(animal_behavior)
Feeding mainly on seeds
Gemma; Jansen, Patrick A. (2011). "Tri-trophic interactions affect density dependence of seed fate in a tropical forest palm". Ecology Letters. 14 (11):
Seed_predation
Ratio of two densities
Relative density, also called specific gravity, is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass divided by volume) of a substance
Relative_density
Type of boiler
exhibited the same linear power-average density dependence as single-phase liquids. However, a different dependence was observed with large particles. Beater
Pulverized_coal-fired_boiler
Parameter used in electrochemistry
Tafel equation describes the dependence of current for an electrolytic process to overpotential. The exchange current density is the current in the absence
Exchange_current_density
Statistical distribution for dependence between random variables
uniform on the interval [0, 1]. Copulas are used to describe / model the dependence (inter-correlation) between random variables. Their name, introduced by
Copula_(statistics)
Protected area in Thailand
extinction risk in a tropical tree species due to pervasive negative density dependence across life stages". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological
Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary
Huai_Kha_Khaeng_Wildlife_Sanctuary
Ecological trend
Bried; A.C. Hicks; T.H. Kunz; A.M. Kilpatrick (2012). "Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering
Decline in wild mammal populations
Decline_in_wild_mammal_populations
Vector field related to displacement current and flux density
bandwidth) the frequency-dependence of ε can be neglected. At a boundary, (𝐃𝟏−𝐃𝟐)⋅𝐧̂=D1,⊥−D2,⊥=σf, where σf is the free charge density and the unit normal
Electric_displacement_field
US-American solid state physicist
1103/PhysRevLett.68.990. PMID 10046050. D.W. Snoke (1992). "Density dependence of electron scattering at low density". Physical Review B. 50 (16): 11583–11591. Bibcode:1994PhRvB
David_Snoke
Family of insects
of the Dry, minute 22 Morales, Manuel A. (2000). "MECHANISMS AND DENSITY DEPENDENCE OF BENEFIT IN AN ANT–MEMBRACID MUTUALISM" (PDF). Ecology. 81 (2):
Treehopper
Theory concerning metabolism and observed patterns in ecology
extrinsic factors) or K selected (where population size is limited by density-dependence and carrying capacity). MTE explains this diversity of reproductive
Metabolic_theory_of_ecology
Subspecies of bird
substantial mortality. There was also evidence of the effects of density dependence in the size of the adult population, and with fledgling survival decreasing
Capricorn_silvereye
equilibrium Saha's equation and Boltzmann's formula might be used, the density dependence usually requires atomic modeling. Plasma diagnostics Spectral line
Spectral_line_ratios
Strategy where one sex mimics the opposite sex
maintenance of the polymorphism in Odonata is the density dependence theory that states that at a high male density, the androchromes are not bothered by the
Sexual_mimicry
British materials scientist
of metals. Finnis–Sinclair potentials took into account the local density dependence of atomic interactions through two terms: the first a short-range
Michael_Finnis
Framework in population ecology
denotes the long-run carrying capacity. Hassell, Michael P. (1975). "Density-dependence in single-species populations". Journal of Animal Ecology. 44 (1):
Hassell_model
Way to propagate genes throughout a population
(2020-11-02). "Gene Drive Dynamics in Natural Populations: The Importance of Density Dependence, Space, and Sex". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Gene_drive
Chemical compound
Buckling, Angus; West, Stuart A.; Griffin, Ashleigh S. (2009-09-01). "Density Dependence and Cooperation: Theory and a Test with Bacteria". Evolution. 63 (9):
Pyoverdine
Substance used to control pests
2020). "Gene Drive Dynamics in Natural Populations: The Importance of Density Dependence, Space, and Sex". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Pesticide
Irish Australian entomologist
organs. Due to the need of a meal for blowfly females to lay eggs, density dependence effects on their populations was studied by Nicholson. Findings and
Alexander_John_Nicholson
American ecologist (born 1946)
Program. As of 2026 she lived in Santa Rosa, California. The 1971 density-dependence paper and the 1979 textbook Theory of Population Genetics and Evolutionary
Joan_Roughgarden
Wikimedia list
elements: nitrogen and oxygen. density dependence The dependence of the growth rate of a population of a given species on its density. desert A landscape that
Glossary_of_ecology
States of matter for water as a solid
suppressing long-range density fluctuations and are, therefore, nearly hyperuniform. Classification analysis suggests that low and high density amorphous ices
Phases_of_ice
Fungal disease of bats
JT, Hicks AC, Kunz TH, Kilpatrick AM (September 2012). "Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering
White-nose_syndrome
Estimate of an unobservable underlying probability density function
In statistics, probability density estimation or simply density estimation is the construction of an estimate, based on observed data, of an unobservable
Density_estimation
Branch of criminology involving crimes against the environment
Stretesky, Paul B.; Huss, Sheila; Lynch, Michael J. (2012-09-01). "Density dependence and environmental justice organizations, 1970–2008". The Social Science
Green_criminology
Lines on pressure-temperature diageam indicating proprties if a supercritical fluid
hdl:2117/108130. ISSN 0896-8446. Ma, Haibo; Ma, Jing (2011-08-07). "Density dependence of hydrogen bonding and the translational-orientational structural
Supercritical liquid–gas boundaries
Supercritical_liquid–gas_boundaries
Long-term ornithological study in Wales
Robinson, Robert A. (2015). Review of Seabird Demographic Rates and Density Dependence (PDF) (Report). JNCC Report. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation
Skomer_guillemot_study
Species of legume
Mónica; Tuomisto, Hanna; Loiselle, Bette A. (June 2004). "On the density-dependence of seed predation in Dipteryx micrantha, a bat-dispersed rain forest
Dipteryx_micrantha
{\displaystyle E(Y)} for all x {\displaystyle x} such that the probability density/mass of X {\displaystyle X} at x {\displaystyle x} , f X ( x ) {\displaystyle
Mean_dependence
Abrupt changes in structure and function of systems
African savanna: relative influences of fire, herbivory, rainfall and density dependence. J Appl Ecol 38, 268–280 Anderies, J., et al. (2002) Grazing management
Regime_shift
Physical parameter of a drainage basin
drainage density. A decrease in precipitation, such as in an arid environment, results in a lower drainage density. The equation also shows the dependence on
Drainage_density
Species of fish
"Recruitment of lesser sandeel Ammodytes marinus in relation to density dependence and zooplankton composition". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 381:
Raitt's_sand_eel
Species of mammal found in North America
Alan C.; Kunz, Thomas H.; Marm Kilpatrick, A. (2012). "Sociality, density-dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering
Little_brown_bat
Medical condition
Amphetamine dependence refers to a state of psychological dependence on a drug in the amphetamine class. Related clinical and research terminology includes
Amphetamine_dependence
When the occurrence of one event does not affect the likelihood of another
does not affect the probability distribution of the other. Conversely, dependence is when the occurrence of one event does affect the likelihood of another
Independence (probability theory)
Independence_(probability_theory)
First newspaper in British North America (1704–1776)
February 29, 1776. Carrol, Glenn R; Hannan, Michael T. (August 1989). "Density Dependence in the Evolution of Populations of Newspaper Organizations". American
The_Boston_News-Letter
Concept that city layouts favor automobiles over other modes of transportation
Car dependency (also called car dependence) is a pattern in urban planning that occurs when infrastructure favours automobiles over other modes of transport
Car_dependency
American nuclear physicist
neutron–proton imbalance. He has studied correlations between the density dependence of the symmetry energy, the neutron-skin thickness of heavy nuclei
Jorge_Piekarewicz
Species of minute pirate bug
Tuda, M.; Shima, K. (2002). "Relative importance of weather and density dependence on the dispersal and on-plant activity of the predator Orius minutus"
Orius_minutus
Decreased effectiveness of a pesticide on a pest
(2020-11-02). "Gene Drive Dynamics in Natural Populations: The Importance of Density Dependence, Space, and Sex". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Pesticide_resistance
British fisheries scientist (1922-1995)
model of density dependence in larger population models. Originally the model had a more specific usage; it was devised to describe the dependence of recruitment
Ray_Beverton
Ecological competition between organisms of the same species
the increased population density. The negative density dependence in young wolf spiders is evident: as the population density increases further, growth
Intraspecific_competition
American ecologist (born 1956)
demographic variables. The model has helped to clarify the influence of density dependence during population responses to harvest and environmental disturbances
Kirk_Winemiller
(2012-01-07). "Spatial heterogeneity in the effects of climate and density-dependence on dispersal in a house sparrow metapopulation". Proceedings of the
Climate_change_and_birds
American physicist
in dense matter. He computed the energy density of a quark gas to the first order where the density dependence of interactions is important, and explored
Larry_D._McLerran
Ecological measurement of extinction risk
based on sound data, but highlighted the importance of understanding density-dependence (Brook et al. 2000). Also, McCarthey et al. (2003) showed that PVA
Population_viability_analysis
Graphical tool in probability
problem of estimating dependence. This is handy as univariate distributions can often be adequately estimated from data, whereas dependence information is roughly
Vine_copula
Costa Rican plasma and nuclear fusion physicist
characterization in plasmas of the Spanish Stellarator TJ-II and its dependence on density, rotational transformation and heating power. Additionally, it shows
Iván_Vargas_Blanco
Dutch ecologist (born 1969)
Christiaan; Tinbergen, Joost M.; Visser, Marcel E. (2000-12-01). "Adaptive density dependence of avian clutch size". Ecology. 81 (12): 3391–3403. doi:10
Christiaan_Both_(ecologist)
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DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
DENSITY DEPENDENCE
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