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Prejudice based on linguistic features
Dialect discrimination refers to the unequal treatment of those whose dialect contains linguistic features identifying them with a certain geographical
Dialect_discrimination
Prejudicial treatment based on membership in a certain group
by discrimination that is based on accent, dialect, or cultural differences. Japan's regional discrimination manifests primarily through historical prejudice
Discrimination
Japanese dialect
Chūgoku and Shikoku dialects has the discrimination of grammatical aspect, -yoru in progressive and -toru in perfect. In Kansai, some dialects of southern Hyogo
Kansai_dialect
Prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on height
Height discrimination is prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on height. In principle, it refers to the discriminatory treatment against
Height_discrimination
Discrimination on the basis of social class
Class discrimination, also known as classism, is prejudice or discrimination on the basis of social class. It includes individual attitudes, behaviors
Class_discrimination
Form of discrimination
Employment discrimination is a form of illegal discrimination in the workplace based on legally protected characteristics. In the U.S., federal anti-discrimination
Employment_discrimination
Legislation designed to prevent discrimination against particular groups of people
Anti-discrimination laws (also known as, non-discrimination laws) refers to legislation designed to prevent discrimination against particular groups of
Anti-discrimination_law
Form of prejudice or discrimination
Discrimination based on skin tone, also known as colorism, shadeism or pigmentocracy, is a form of prejudice and discrimination in which individuals of
Discrimination based on skin tone
Discrimination_based_on_skin_tone
Discrimination on the basis of language of an individual
Russian being de facto such a language. Germany: speakers of dialect often experience discrimination Here and elsewhere the terms 'standard' and 'non-standard'
Linguistic_discrimination
Inherited discrimination
Caste discrimination in the United States is a form of discrimination based on the social hierarchy which is determined by a person's birth. Though the
Caste discrimination in the United States
Caste_discrimination_in_the_United_States
Prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex or gender
Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on one's sex or gender. Sexism can affect anyone, but primarily affects women and girls. It has been linked
Sexism
Non-standard spelling emphasizing a pronunciation
Eye dialect is a writer's use of deliberately nonstandard spelling. This is because they do not consider the standard spelling a good reflection of the
Eye_dialect
Prejudicial treatment of people who do not identify as male or female
Discrimination against non-binary people, also called enbyphobia or exorsexism, is discrimination against people who do not identify exclusively or at
Discrimination against non-binary people
Discrimination_against_non-binary_people
Discrimination based on economic factors
Economic discrimination is discrimination based on economic factors. These factors can include job availability, wages, the prices and/or availability
Economic_discrimination
Discrimination based on point of view
Viewpoint discrimination is a concept in United States jurisprudence related to the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. If a speech act
Viewpoint_discrimination
Discrimination against men refers to gender-based inequality, bias, or disadvantage affecting men or boys, as well as disproportionately adverse outcomes
Discrimination_against_men
Variant of American English native to the Appalachian mountain region
region of the Eastern United States. Historically, the term Appalachian dialect refers to a local English variety of southern Appalachia, also known as
Appalachian_English
Attitudes based on preconceived categories
gender they identify as, could be considered discrimination, especially if the victim of this discrimination has expressed repetitively what their preferred
Prejudice
Discrimination based on specific gene mutations
Genetic discrimination occurs when people treat others (or are treated) differently because they have or are perceived to have a gene mutation(s) that
Genetic_discrimination
Form of institutional discrimination
Structural discrimination is a form of institutional discrimination against individuals of a given protected characteristic, such as race, gender, caste
Structural_discrimination
Economic model of discrimination
Taste-based discrimination is an economic model of labor market discrimination which argues that employers' prejudice or dislikes in an organisational
Taste-based_discrimination
Discrimination against asexual people, also known as acephobia or aphobia when directed at aro/ace (aromantic and/or asexual) people, encompasses a range
Discrimination against asexual people
Discrimination_against_asexual_people
Discrimination based on lack of religious belief
historically, includes persecution of and discrimination against people who are identified as atheists. Discrimination against atheists may be manifested by
Discrimination against atheists
Discrimination_against_atheists
Type of discrimination
Discrimination based on nationality is a type of discrimination against a person based on their nationality, citizenship, or naturalization. Many countries'
Discrimination based on nationality
Discrimination_based_on_nationality
2026 Indian Gujarati Thriller film
film is set in the tribal region of Gujarat and incorporates the Bhili dialect. It is scheduled to be released theatrically on 26 June 2026. After a series
Kadaknath_(film)
Prejudice or discrimination based on size
weightism/heightism or size discrimination is unjust or prejudicial treatment directed at people based on their size. This type of discrimination can take a number
Sizeism
Type of employment discrimination
Pregnancy discrimination is a type of employment discrimination that occurs when expectant women are fired, not hired, or otherwise discriminated against
Pregnancy_discrimination
Discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group
Reverse discrimination is a term used to describe discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group, in favor of members of a minority or
Reverse_discrimination
Discrimination on grounds of disability
British English], anapirophobia, anapirism, and disability discrimination) is discrimination and social prejudice against physically or mentally disabled
Ableism
Prejudice based on place of origin
prejudice. Regional discrimination there can also be discrimination against person or a group of people who speak a particular language dialect. The hukou household
Regional discrimination in China
Regional_discrimination_in_China
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination as of 14 May 2026[update]. Racism in Africa Racism in Algeria Racism
Racism_by_country
Discrimination based on hair texture, also known as texturism, is a form of social injustice, where afro-textured hair or coarse hair types, and their
Discrimination based on hair texture
Discrimination_based_on_hair_texture
Irrational fear of, and aversion to, lesbians
Discrimination against lesbians, sometimes referred as lesbophobia or lesphobia, is a form of homophobia, often paired with misogyny, that comprises various
Discrimination against lesbians
Discrimination_against_lesbians
Northern Ryukyuan language
spoke dialects were forced to stand in the hallway, and papers containing dialect expressions were burned collectively. As the discrimination accelerated
Okinawan_language
against the sinicization of Inner Mongolia), discrimination against Africans in particular and discrimination against Black people in general. China is a
Racism_in_China
subordinate groups. Societal discrimination is discrimination by society. These unfair and indirect methods of discrimination are often embedded in an institution's
Institutional_discrimination
Concept that affirmative action and similar programs constitute anti-white discrimination
Reverse racism, sometimes referred to as reverse discrimination, is the concept that affirmative action and similar color-conscious programs for redressing
Reverse_racism
Social stratification conferring status
Several forms of discrimination manifest in universities: Social discrimination: Students from marginalised castes face social discrimination, exclusion, and/or
Caste
dialect, the varieties of Central Thai itself are marginalized and treated as if it doesn't exist, however, local Central Thai accent discrimination still
Languages_of_Thailand
Persecution of albinos
promote the welfare of PWA in the country including prohibiting racial discrimination of persons as well as offenses causing bodily harm through the Constitution
Persecution of people with albinism
Persecution_of_people_with_albinism
Prejudice, hatred, or bias toward gay men, male homosexuality, or men perceived to be gay
Discrimination against gay men, sometimes called gayphobia, is a form of homophobic prejudice, hatred, or bias specifically directed toward gay men, male
Discrimination against gay men
Discrimination_against_gay_men
social discrimination against Haitians in the Dominican Republic. Anti-Haitian sentiment includes prejudice against, hatred of, or discrimination against
Anti-Haitian sentiment in the Dominican Republic
Anti-Haitian_sentiment_in_the_Dominican_Republic
Southwestern Tai language
Racial Discrimination. 28 July 2011. Retrieved 8 October 2016. Phonyarit, Ratchadaporn (2018). Tonal Geography of the Southern Thai Dialects. Paper presented
Southern_Thai_language
Race or ethnic-based discrimination
of one race or ethnicity over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against other people because they are of a different
Racism
Distinctive way of pronouncing a language
pronunciation, whereas the word "dialect" encompasses the broader set of linguistic differences. "Accent" is often a subset of "dialect". As human beings spread
Accent_(sociolinguistics)
Moribund English dialect of Manitoba, Canada
Bangay, or the Red River Dialect) is a dialect of English with substratal influence from Scottish English, the Orcadian dialect of Scots, Norn, Scottish
Bungi_dialect
to facing HIV/AIDS discrimination. The consequences of societal stigma against PLHIV are quite severe, as HIV/AIDS discrimination actively hinders access
Discrimination against people with HIV/AIDS
Discrimination_against_people_with_HIV/AIDS
American academic and linguist
Phonetic Experiments on American English Dialect Identification", showing that discrimination can occur based on dialect and that listeners can identify ethnicity
John_Baugh
disparities continue to persist. Ethiopian Jews in particular have faced discrimination from non-Black Jews. It has been suggested that the situation of the
Racism_in_Israel
Discrimination affecting a person's ability to buy or rent housing
Housing discrimination refers to patterns of discrimination that affect a person's ability to rent or buy housing. This disparate treatment of a person
Housing_discrimination
Prestige variety of Yue Chinese
Before 1859, this variant was often referred to in English as "the Canton dialect". However, "Cantonese" may also refer to the primary branch of Chinese
Cantonese
Religious discrimination in the United States is valuing or treating a person or group differently because of what they do or do not believe. Specifically
Religious discrimination in the United States
Religious_discrimination_in_the_United_States
suffered genocide, forced removals, and massacres, and continue to face discrimination. European, Sub-Saharan African, Asian, Pacific Islander, Arab, Iranian
Racism_in_Australia
Discrimination based on physical attractiveness
Lookism is the prejudice or discrimination toward people who are considered to be physically unattractive, and can include basing one's judgment of another
Lookism
English sociolects spoken by black people in the US and Canada
transcription delimiters. African-American English (AAE) is the group of English dialects spoken predominantly by Black people in the United States and, less often
African-American_English
dialects in American English. The resulting findings were: Discrimination based on dialect does occur. It is possible for naïve listeners to identify
Linguistic_profiling
Fear and dislike of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange
indigenous Mexicans, discrimination against them continues to this day and there are few laws to protect indigenous Mexicans from discrimination. Violent attacks
Xenophobia
Discrimination of person because of sexual orientation
Sexual orientation discrimination (also known as sexualism)[citation needed] is discrimination based on a person's sex, sexual orientation, or pregnancy
Sexual orientation discrimination
Sexual_orientation_discrimination
Theorized behavior in economics
Statistical discrimination is a theorized behavior in which group inequality arises when economic agents (consumers, workers, employers, etc.) have imperfect
Statistical discrimination (economics)
Statistical_discrimination_(economics)
continue to face discrimination. Hispanics, Middle Easterns, Asians, and Pacific Islanders have also been the victims of discrimination. Racism has manifested
Racism_in_the_United_States
Discrimination due to age
Ageism is a type of discrimination based on one's age, generally used to refer to age-based discrimination against elderly people. The term was coined
Ageism
Social issue in Japan
Discrimination against Otaku (オタク差別; lit. "Otaku discrimination") refers to social exclusion, prejudice, and hatred of Otaku. It is also referred to as
Discrimination_against_Otaku
Type of discrimination or disapproval
stigmatized, they are often associated with stereotypes that lead to discrimination, marginalization, and psychological problems. This process of stigmatization
Social_stigma
Aboriginal language continuum
Piyekwâkamî dialect) ilnu-Aimûn (Western Montagnais, Betsiamites dialect) innu-Aimûn (Eastern Montagnais) Cree is believed to have begun as a dialect of the
Cree_language
Social system in South Asia
and Urdu writers, including Masood Alam Falahi, have explained how discrimination by ashraf Muslims against lower-caste and Dalit Muslims was often disguised
Caste system among South Asian Muslims
Caste_system_among_South_Asian_Muslims
Type of discrimination based on weight
anti-workplace discrimination laws for obese individuals have gained support across the years, overweight and obese individuals still experience discrimination, which
Social_stigma_of_obesity
System of bias and prejudice in favor of heterosexuality
Heterosexism is a system of attitudes, bias, and discrimination in favor of heterosexuality and heterosexual relationships. According to Elizabeth Cramer
Heterosexism
of Racial Discrimination reported in 2018 that Chinese law does not define "racial discrimination" and lacks an anti-racial discrimination law in line
Racism_in_Asia
Average difference in remuneration amounts between men and women
econometrics because occupational sorting may itself be an outcome of gender discrimination, which would make it a bad control. By controlling for job characteristics
Gender_pay_gap
Hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against transgender men
Discrimination against transgender men and transmasculine individuals is sometimes referred to as anti-transmasculinity, transandrophobia, or transmisandry
Discrimination against transgender men
Discrimination_against_transgender_men
Measures to avoid offense or disadvantage
argument by accusing them of being a radical leftist Reverse discrimination – Discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group Self-censorship –
Political_correctness
Utilization of algorithmic bias for discriminatory purposes
Algorithmic wage discrimination is the utilization of algorithmic bias to enable wage discrimination where workers are paid different wages for the same
Algorithmic wage discrimination
Algorithmic_wage_discrimination
Causing rape of trans prisoners for social control
v t e Discrimination Forms Institutional Reverse Structural Statistical Systemic Taste-based Attributes Physical Age Anti-left handedness Color / Chroma
V-coding
Anti-transgender prejudice
conform to social gender roles. Transphobia is a type of prejudice and discrimination, similar to racism, sexism, or ableism, and it is closely associated
Transphobia
Form of unequal treatment
Sentencing disparity or sentencing discrimination is defined as "a form of unequal treatment in criminal punishment". Two judges could be faced with a
Sentencing_disparity
Mortgage discrimination or mortgage lending discrimination is the practice of banks, governments or other lending institutions denying loans to one or
Mortgage_discrimination
Notion that elites deserve more influence
v t e Discrimination Forms Institutional Reverse Structural Statistical Systemic Taste-based Attributes Physical Age Anti-left handedness Color / Chroma
Elitism
Modern Greek language variety spoken by Greek Cypriots
Cypriot populace and Greek Cypriot diaspora. It is considered a divergent dialect as it differs from Standard Modern Greek in various aspects of its lexicon
Cypriot_Greek
Racism against Romani people
antiziganism, ziganophobia, or Romaphobia) consists of hostility, prejudice, discrimination, nativism, racism, and xenophobia which is specifically directed at
Anti-Romani_sentiment
English dialect
iambic pentameter. The dialect is in danger of assimilation into West Country English, or outright extinction, due to discrimination against speakers, mass
Forest_of_Dean_English
Practice of singling out any party for unmerited negative treatment or blame
campaign – Effort to damage someone's reputation Social stigma – Type of discrimination or disapproval Stereotype – Generalized belief about people Victim blaming –
Scapegoating
Dialect of Brazilian Portuguese
capacity of save lives, as the byproduct of ignorance says that discrimination based on dialectal variation can be seen even in some seemingly-innocent scenarios
Caipira_dialect
Discrimination against people with mental conditions or impairments
to the discrimination against and oppression of people based on actual or perceived mental disorder or cognitive impairment. This discrimination and oppression
Sanism
Hostility, prejudice, discrimination or racism against Finland and Finnish culture
dialect or a closely related Finnic language (their form of speech is now called Kven) was forbidden in Norway, and they experienced discrimination.
Anti-Finnish_sentiment
given little protections under the law. The most prominent religious discrimination in Saudi Arabia is against the Shia sect of Islam minority in the eastern
Discrimination in Saudi Arabia
Discrimination_in_Saudi_Arabia
Means by which dialect differences decrease
Dialect levelling (or leveling in American English) is an overall reduction in the variation or diversity of a dialect's features when in contact with
Dialect_levelling
Intersection of transphobia and misogyny, experienced by transfeminine individuals
protection against discrimination in both law and practice." As a result, trans women have faced violence, sexual abuse, and discrimination in educational
Transmisogyny
Aversion to one's home or homeland
Endophobia Exoticism Internalized oppression Outgroup favoritism Reverse discrimination Self-hatred Wanderlust Xenocentrism Xenophilia Xenophobia "Ecophobia"
Oikophobia
Policies aiming to increase inclusion of people from marginalized groups
action (also sometimes called reservations, alternative access, positive discrimination or positive action in various countries' laws and policies) refers to
Affirmative_action
Unsightly beggar ordinances in the United States
University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226767307. Fredman, Sandra (2011). Discrimination Law (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0199584420.
Ugly_law
Prejucide and/or discrimination towards Albanians as an ethnic group
Anti-Albanian sentiment or Albanophobia is discrimination and prejudice towards Albanians as an ethnic group, described primarily in countries with a large
Anti-Albanian_sentiment
Hostility or prejudice towards Irish people
It can include hatred, oppression, persecution, as well as simple discrimination. Generally, it could be bigotry against people from the island of Ireland
Anti-Irish_sentiment
Technological phenomenon with social implications
most concerned with algorithms that reflect "systematic and unfair" discrimination. This bias has only recently been addressed in legal frameworks, such
Algorithmic_bias
Marginalized castes in India and South Asia
official classification that also originated with the British Raj positive discrimination efforts in 1935, being the Scheduled Tribes. It is also sometimes used
Dalit
Varieties of English dialects used by the Indigenous peoples of Canada
"non-standard" dialects has been poorly perceived by the non-Aboriginal majority, as evidenced by mockery and discrimination. Some features of the dialects, for
Indigenous_English_in_Canada
Discrimination against Arab people
Arabophobia, refers to feelings and expressions of hostility, hatred, discrimination, fear, or prejudice toward Arab people, the Arab world or the Arabic
Anti-Arab_racism
Level of respect towards a language variety in a speech community
specific language or dialect within a speech community, relative to other languages or dialects. Prestige varieties are language or dialect families which are
Prestige_(sociolinguistics)
Different instances of discrimination against modern paganism
in every country where they exist and have been subject to religious discrimination and/or religious persecution. The largest modern pagan communities are
Religious discrimination against modern pagans
Religious_discrimination_against_modern_pagans
Variety of American English
AAVE is widespread throughout the United States, but it is not the native dialect of all Black Americans, and a small number of its speakers are not Black
African-American Vernacular English
African-American_Vernacular_English
Discrimination against homeless people is a form of aporophobia which is categorized as the act of treating people who lack housing in a prejudiced or
Discrimination against homeless people
Discrimination_against_homeless_people
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Gray 1.German : dialect variant of Grau.
Boy/Male
Scottish
This may have given rise to the Scottish dialect word 'cuddy', meaning donkey.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : southwestern dialect variant of Bridge, from a metathesized form of Old English brycg. Compare Burge.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from the dialect term wormstall ‘summer cattle shelter against gadflies’ (from an unattested Old English wyrm-stall).
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Bengali Dialect for Mother Goddess Durga
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pratyaksh | பà¯à®°à®¤à¯à®¯à®•à¯à®·
Direct evidence
Pratyaksh | பà¯à®°à®¤à¯à®¯à®•à¯à®·
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from a dialect form of the personal name Lawrence.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Direct; Lead
Boy/Male
Hindu
Direct evidence
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a stonemason, Anglo-Norman French machun, a Norman dialect variant of Old French masson (see Mason).
Surname or Lastname
Americanized form of German Hütt (see Huett).German
Americanized form of German Hütt (see Huett).German : occupational name in Westphalia for a goat dealer, from dialect hitte ‘goat’.English (Devon) : unexplained.
Male
English
A dialectal variant spelling of English Dean, DANE means "dean; ecclesiastical supervisor."
Boy/Male
Scottish
This may have given rise to the Scottish dialect word 'cuddy', meaning donkey.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Stinchcombe in Gloucestershire, recorded in the 12th century as Stintescombe, from the dialect term stint ‘sandpiper’ + cumb ‘narrow valley’.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Direct, Lead
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Old Norse sker ‘rock’, later dialect scar ‘rocky cliff’.
Surname or Lastname
English (North Midlands)
English (North Midlands) : unexplained; possibly a dialect variant of Cubit, but see also Cuppett.
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : from a Norman French dialect form of the common French place name Beaulieu.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Stroud.German (Ströde) : topographic name from a dialect word meaning ‘thicket’.
Male
Scottish
Dialectal variant of Scottish Gaelic Eideard, EUDARD means "guardian of prosperity."
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Faithful loyal
Girl/Female
Italian
Lady. From the respectful title Donna.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Beautiful Eyes
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Mystery
Girl/Female
Australian, Celtic
Contented
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Heartfelt; Lovable
Girl/Female
Indian
One with Good Eyes
Male
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Old Norse Guðleifr, GUÃLEIF means "divine heir."
Boy/Male
Indian
Ocean
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
DIALECT DISCRIMINATION
a.
Relating to a dialect; dialectical; as, a dialectical variant.
n.
A subordinate dialect.
n.
Language; speech; dialect.
n.
Means or mode of expressing thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech.
n.
The dialect, or the people, of Cornwall.
v. t.
To determine the direction or course of; to cause to go on in a particular manner; to order in the way to a certain end; to regulate; to govern; as, to direct the affairs of a nation or the movements of an army.
v. t.
To arrange in a direct or straight line, as against a mark, or towards a goal; to point; to aim; as, to direct an arrow or a piece of ordnance.
n.
The dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of Scotland.
a.
In the line of descent; not collateral; as, a descendant in the direct line.
n.
Dialect; a variant form of a language.
n.
The form of speech of a limited region or people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by local peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the Ionic and Attic were dialects of Greece; the Yorkshire dialect; the dialect of the learned.
v. t.
To put a direction or address upon; to mark with the name and residence of the person to whom anything is sent; to superscribe; as, to direct a letter.
n.
An idiom or peculiarity in the Chaldee dialect.
a.
Straight; not crooked, oblique, or circuitous; leading by the short or shortest way to a point or end; as, a direct line; direct means.
a.
Pertaining to a dialect or to dialects.
adv.
According to the Hellenistic manner or dialect.
n.
The language or dialect of the Chaldeans; Chaldee.
v. t.
To point out or show to (any one), as the direct or right course or way; to guide, as by pointing out the way; as, he directed me to the left-hand road.
n.
The Doric dialect.
n.
The Ionic dialect; as, the Homeric Ionic.