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Surgery
Digestive system surgery, or gastrointestinal surgery, can be divided into upper GI surgery and lower GI surgery. Upper gastrointestinal surgery, often
Digestive_system_surgery
Digestive system in humans
The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver
Human_digestive_system
Minimally invasive operation within the abdominal or pelvic cavities
system that allows viewing of the affected area by snaking the cable from a more distant, but more easily accessible location. Laparoscopic surgery includes
Laparoscopy
Medical procedure
Inguinal hernia surgery is an operation to repair a weakness in the abdominal wall that abnormally allows abdominal contents to slip into a narrow tube
Inguinal_hernia_surgery
Surgical removal of the vermiform appendix
Appendectomy may be performed laparoscopically (as minimally invasive surgery) or as an open operation. Over the 2010s, surgical practice has increasingly
Appendectomy
Branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders
of") is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract, sometimes
Gastroenterology
Medical and surgical degree
A Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (Latin: Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; MBBS, also abbreviated as BM BS, MB ChB, MB BCh,
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
Bachelor_of_Medicine,_Bachelor_of_Surgery
Egyptian-American organ transplant surgeon (born 1952)
Egyptian-American surgeon practicing abdominal organ transplantation and digestive system surgery. He is best known for development of clinical intestinal and multivisceral
Kareem_Mohamed_Abu-Elmagd
Surgical procedure to open the abdominal cavity
surgical procedure of these organs, which include:[citation needed] the digestive tract (the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon) the liver, pancreas
Laparotomy
Excess output of hormones by the pituitary gland
ISBN 978-0-12-408134-5. "Acromegaly". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive, Kidney Disease. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017
Hyperpituitarism
Thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries
to prevent the artery from retightening. Coronary artery bypass surgery: This surgery creates a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart. The surgeon
Arteriosclerosis
Major surgical procedure involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs
because studies showed that patients did not benefit from the more extensive surgery. At the very beginning of the procedure, after the surgeons have gained
Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Surgical procedure to treat gastric reflux and hiatal hernia
or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication when performed via laparoscopic surgery, is a surgical procedure to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Nissen_fundoplication
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Cartilage–hair_hypoplasia
Surgical procedure in which a hole is cut into the colon and stoma is placed
stoma. Children undergoing surgery for extensive pelvic tumors commonly are given a colostomy in preparation for surgery to remove the tumor, followed
Colostomy
Surgically created intestinal reservoir that restores anal evacuation
Salvaging a Failed Ileal J-Pouch-Anal Anastomosis to a Modified H-Pouch". Digestive Surgery. 24 (5): 324–327. doi:10.1159/000105526. PMID 17630490. S2CID 7840290
Ileo-anal_pouch
Type of surgery
In general surgery, a Roux-en-Y anastomosis, or Roux-en-Y, is an end-to-side surgical anastomosis of bowel used to reconstruct the gastrointestinal tract
Roux-en-Y_anastomosis
Visual disorder in which images persist after removal of their stimuli
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Palinopsia
Autoimmune disease resulting in skeletal muscle weakness
by inhalation generally for people undergoing surgery. People with myasthenia gravis undergoing surgery with inhaled anesthetics (i.e., halothane, isoflurane
Myasthenia_gravis
Surgical removal of the colon and rectum
from their anus. It is a major surgery that is performed by colorectal surgeons, however some portions of the surgery, specifically the colectomy (removal
Proctocolectomy
Surgical procedure for external rectal prolapse
such cases, ventral rectopexy may be combined with sacrocolpopexy. The surgery is usually performed laparoscopically (via small openings made in the abdomen)
Ventral_rectopexy
Surgical procedure for management of obesity
Bariatric surgery (also known as metabolic surgery or weight loss surgery) is a group of surgical procedures used to manage obesity and related conditions
Bariatric_surgery
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
after meals when the gallbladder contracts to push bile out into the digestive tract. After a first attack of biliary colic, more than 90% of people
Cholecystectomy
Surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine is removed
Kiyotaka (2007). "Surgical treatment for digestive cancer. Current issues - colon cancer". Digestive Surgery. 24 (2): 108–114. doi:10.1159/000101897.
Bowel_resection
Surgical weight-loss procedure involving reduction of stomach size
percent of excess weight over the course of the two years that follow the surgery. The procedure is irreversible, though in some uncommon cases, patients
Sleeve_gastrectomy
Process of clearing the stomach contents
drug such as ethanol. They may also be used before surgery, to clear the contents of the digestive tract before it is opened. Apart from toxicology, gastric
Gastric_lavage
Surgery for rectal or anal cancer
preferable when a margin to healthy tissue is not an issue, e.g. in IBD surgery. This operation is one of the less commonly performed by general surgeons
Abdominoperineal_resection
Procedure used in medicine to look inside the body
verification] Endoscopy may be used to investigate symptoms in the digestive system including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing,
Endoscopy
Surgical procedure
"Ostomy Surgery of the Bowel | NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Retrieved 2019-10-23. Nils G. Kock; Classic Article;
Ileostomy
Surgical abdominal examination operation
when procedures are able to be planned ahead of time. Like with any major surgery, a variety of complications may occur during and after an exploratory laparotomy
Exploratory_laparotomy
Surgical procedure used primarily in the treatment of short bowel syndrome
LILT. "National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC): Short Bowel Syndrome". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Serial transverse enteroplasty
Serial_transverse_enteroplasty
Medical intervention
Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a surgical technique whereby "scarless" abdominal operations can be performed with an endoscope
Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery
Natural_orifice_transluminal_endoscopic_surgery
Operation to remove all or part of the colon
obstruction with imminent perforation require emergency surgery. Colectomy is performed either as an open surgery requiring a large incision or minimally invasive
Colectomy
Organ system within humans and other animals
(also called the GI tract, digestive tract, and the alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to
Gastrointestinal_tract
Medical intervention
ventral rectopexy for surgical treatment of obstructed defecation syndrome. Surgery may be indicated if there is no response to non-surgical treatments such
Stapled trans-anal rectal resection
Stapled_trans-anal_rectal_resection
Type of gastric resection surgery
obese patients while retaining digestive function and ensuring safety. Hiam, Deirdre (2020). The Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery and Medical Tests (4th ed.)
Antrectomy
Disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds
Systematic Review". Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 76 (5): 4614–4622. doi:10.1007/s12070-024-04946-8. PMC 11456068. PMID 39376325
Misophonia
Professional who practices medicine
and is used in opposition to surgeon, which refers to a specialist in surgery. This meaning of physician conveys a sense of expertise in treatment with
Medical_doctor
Break in a rib bone
wrapped, this may increase complications. In those with a flail chest, surgery may improve outcomes. They are a common injury following trauma. Rib fractures
Rib_fracture
Postgraduate medical degree
schools is, Bachelor of Medicine and Basic Surgery (MBBS). In schools that are based on the English system of medical teaching, the degree is granted
Doctor_of_Medicine
Hoofed herbivorous grazing or browsing mammals
microbial actions. The process, which takes place in the front part of the digestive system and therefore is called foregut fermentation, typically requires the
Ruminant
Surgical replacement of the small intestine
underlying condition significantly compromises other sections of the digestive system, such as intra-abdominal tumors that have not yet metastasized, extensive
Intestine_transplantation
Abdominal surgery
methods, including laparoscopy or robotic surgery. Choledochoduodenostomy Cholecystostomy Digestive system surgery Oxford Concise Medical Dictionary, e-book
Cholecystenterostomy
Three genetic disorders involving benign tumors of the nervous system
of three distinct genetic conditions in which tumors grow in the nervous system. Most tumors are benign, but some are cancerous. They often involve the
Neurofibromatosis
Medical condition
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the meninges—the system of membranes which envelop the central nervous system. Fever and headache are the cardinal features;
Tuberculous_meningitis
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
List_of_genetic_disorders
Surgical procedure on the shoulder
replacement is utilized in situations in which conventional shoulder replacement surgery would lead to poor outcomes and high failure rates. Originally considered
Reverse_shoulder_replacement
Type of bariatric surgery
beverages because their altered digestive tract absorbs alcohol at a faster rate than people who have not undergone the surgery. It also takes a post-operative
Gastric_bypass_surgery
Disease of the heart muscle
symptoms. Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery. Surgery may include a ventricular assist device or heart transplant. In 2015
Cardiomyopathy
Feeding tube going into the stomach through the abdominal wall
large gastric varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy Previous abdominal surgery, including previous partial gastrectomy: increased risk of organs interposed
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Percutaneous_endoscopic_gastrostomy
Branch of medicine caring for children
orthopedic surgery, subspecialty of orthopedic surgery Pediatric otolaryngology, subspecialty of otolaryngology Pediatric plastic surgery, subspecialty
Pediatrics
Medical condition
regurgitation, all individuals should undergo surgery, if there are no absolute contraindications (for surgery). Individuals with bacteremia with aortic valve
Aortic_regurgitation
to fully differentiate and mature into normal components of the immune system and the blood, respectively. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common
List_of_cancer_types
Operation removing part of the stomach
clinic in 1885. Billroth I Roux-en-Y Robinson, JO. The History of Gastric Surgery. Postgraduate Medical Journal. Dec 1960, p 706-713. [https://www.slideshare
Billroth_II
Medical intervention
This surgery article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.
Graham_patch
Examination of the bowel
November 2023. "Colonoscopy - NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved
Colonoscopy
Increase in blood pH due to rapid breathing
gas analysis for bedside diagnosis". National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery. 4 (2): 136–141. doi:10.4103/0975-5950.127641. ISSN 0975-5950. PMC 3961885
Respiratory_alkalosis
Degree awarded to practice medicine
admitted to those who have passed coursework in the fields of medicine and/or surgery from an accredited medical school. Obtaining a degree in medicine allows
Medical_degree
Surgery involving the pylorus
procedure. The rate that any complications may occur as a result of the surgery are estimated to be 4.6–12% of cases. The most common complications include
Pyloromyotomy
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome
Medical condition
obstruction. There are three types of surgeries usually performed in abdominal tuberculosis. The first type of surgery is to bypass the affected segments
Abdominal_tuberculosis
Medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum to the sigmoid colon
PMID 25067924. Flexible Sigmoidoscopy. National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. National Institute for Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Public domain text
Sigmoidoscopy
Surgical removal of the stomach
quality-of-life, nutritional outcomes, and body mass index. After Bilroth II surgery, a small amount of residual gastric tissue may remain in the duodenum.
Gastrectomy
Diseases in which skeletal and visceral muscles break down over time
damage to dying muscle cells. Physical therapy, braces, and corrective surgery may help with some symptoms while assisted ventilation may be required
Muscular_dystrophy
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis
Acute_proliferative_glomerulonephritis
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Rapidly_progressive_glomerulonephritis
Surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus
available is minimally invasive surgery (MIS) which is performed laparoscopically and thoracoscopically. After surgery, patients may have trouble with
Esophagectomy
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Trichomegaly
American psychologist
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Norman_Garmezy
Surgical procedures to fix abnormal openings through which tissue or organs may protrude
procedure. The first differentiating factor in hernia repair is whether the surgery is done open, or laparoscopically. Open hernia repair is when an incision
Hernia_repair
Surgical resection of the large intestine
diverticulitis, volvulus, etc.). Currently, its use is limited to emergency surgery when immediate anastomosis is not possible, or more rarely it is used palliatively
Hartmann's_operation
Surgical procedure
strictureplasty.[citation needed] Lee EC, Papaionnou N (1982). "Minimal surgery for chronic obstruction in patients with extensive or universal Crohn's
Heineke–Mikulicz strictureplasty
Heineke–Mikulicz_strictureplasty
Attempt at labor and delivery to see whether it results in VBAC
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
TOLAC
British colorectal surgeon
of Colorectal Surgery, Imperial College London. R. John Nicholls is best known for his work in the development of ileal pouch surgery. With the introduction
John_Nicholls_(surgeon)
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Oncogenic_osteomalacia
Form of osteodystrophy and a rare human disease
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy
Albright's_hereditary_osteodystrophy
Autoimmune condition causing dysfunction of endocrine glands
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
Autoimmune_polyendocrine_syndrome_type_1
Muscular degenerative disorder primarily of the hip and shoulders
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy
Limb–girdle_muscular_dystrophy
Malignant tumor originating in cartilage
depends on the location of the disease and the aggressiveness of the tumors. Surgery is the main form of treatment for chondrosarcoma. Musculoskeletal tumor
Chondrosarcoma
Surgical Procedure
position. Severe cases of hemorrhoidal prolapse will normally require surgery. Newer surgical procedures include stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR)
Stapled_hemorrhoidopexy
Medical condition
abnormal mass inside of the nose inflammation surgery (nasal or sinus) cancer sinusitis The nasolacrimal system is located within the maxillary bone. The
Dacryocystocele
Surgical removal of all or part of the pancreas
as well as anastomosis, or the connection of different parts of the digestive system. Advances in technology have allowed for the improvement in outcomes
Pancreatectomy
Diagnostic endoscopic procedure
basic use, the endoscope is used to inspect the internal anatomy of the digestive tract. Often inspection alone is sufficient, but biopsy is a valuable
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Non-surgical hemorrhoid treatment
any potential adverse events are significantly lower in HAE compared to surgery or transanal procedures. Further validation is currently being conducted
Hemorrhoidal artery embolization
Hemorrhoidal_artery_embolization
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Assistant_physician
Inability to focus on near objects
lenses, or refractive corneal surgeries. Glasses are easiest while contact lenses can provide a wider field of vision. Surgery works by changing the shape
Farsightedness
Surgical cutting of the lower esophageal sphincter muscles
performed by Ernst Heller (1877–1964) in 1913. Then and until recently, this surgery was performed using an open procedure, either through the chest (thoracotomy)
Heller_myotomy
Medical condition
poses challenges, more critical sites of bleeding include: Joints Muscles Digestive tract Brain One therapeutic conundrum is the development of inhibitor
Haemophilia_A
Inflatable silicone device
is not controlled, nor so tight that food cannot move through the digestive system. The number of adjustments required is an individual experience and
Adjustable_gastric_band
Recessive genetic condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
Rhizomelic_chondrodysplasia_punctata
Medical intervention
"My early experience with Hirschsprung's disease". Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 24 (8): 839–44, discussion 844–5. doi:10.1016/S0022-3468(89)80549-4. PMID 2671336
Pull-through_procedure
Use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to treat and diagnose digestive issues
enteroscopes (e.g. in patients that have previously undergone digestive system surgery with post-Whipple or Roux-en-Y surgical anatomy). One of the most
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Endoscopic_retrograde_cholangiopancreatography
Cascading failure of the vascular system
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Ischemic_cascade
Medical procedure
Hemorrhoids Rectal dilator Rubber band ligation Francisco Vilardell (2006), Digestive Endoscopy in the Second Millennium: From the Lichtleiter to Echoendoscopy
Proctoscopy
Heart valve disorder
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Pulmonary_valve_stenosis
Medical intervention
Peters, Jeffrey H.; Matthews, Jeffrey B. (26 July 2012). Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-1455738076
Longitudinal intestinal lengthening and tailoring
Longitudinal_intestinal_lengthening_and_tailoring
Medical intervention
In fecal incontinence (FI), surgery may be carried out if conservative measures alone are not sufficient to control symptoms. There are many surgical
Surgical management of fecal incontinence
Surgical_management_of_fecal_incontinence
Medical condition
subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Endocrine surgery Eye surgery General surgery Colorectal surgery Digestive system surgery Hepato-pancreato-biliary
Hypothenar_hammer_syndrome
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness
Gastroenterology – branch of medicine that deals with the study and care of the digestive system. General practice (often called family medicine) is a branch of medicine
Outline_of_medicine
Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses due to fungal infection
chronic rhinosinusitis". Indian Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. 62 (4): 381–5. doi:10.1007/s12070-010-0062-0. PMC 3266098. PMID 22319697
Fungal_sinusitis
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