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Gender studies concept
In psychology, sociology and gender studies, "doing gender" is the idea that gender, rather than being an innate quality of individuals, is a social construct
Doing_gender
Theory in feminism and sociology
West, Candace (2002). "Reply - (re)doing difference". In Fenstermaker, Sarah; West, Candace (eds.). Doing gender, doing difference: inequality, power, and
Social_construction_of_gender
Difference between biological sex and gender identity
"Doing Gender", published in the peer-reviewed journal, Gender and Society. Originally written in 1977 but not published until 1987, "Doing Gender" is
Sex–gender_distinction
Gender identities outside of the gender binary
typically identify with a gender that is different from the sex assigned to them at birth, although some non-binary people do not consider themselves transgender
Non-binary
Social role associated with gender or sex
A gender role, or sex role, is a social norm deemed appropriate or desirable for individuals based on their gender or sex, and is usually centered on societal
Gender_role
Sociological constructs related to sex
Gender is the range of social, psychological, cultural, and behavioral aspects of being a man (or boy), woman (or girl), or portraying a third gender
Gender
Woman assigned male at birth
(2009). "DOING GENDER, DOING HETERONORMATIVITY: "Gender Normals," Transgender People, and the Social Maintenance of Heterosexuality". Gender and Society
Trans_woman
Gender identity descriptor
2009). "Doing Gender, Doing Heteronormativity: 'Gender Normals,' Transgender People, and the Social Maintenance of Heterosexuality". Gender & Society
Cisgender
Mental distress due to gender incongruence
Not all transgender people have gender dysphoria. Gender nonconformity is not the same thing as gender dysphoria and does not always lead to dysphoria or
Gender_dysphoria
Canadian man raised as a girl (1965–2004)
Retrieved 23 July 2019. Plante, Rebecca F.; Mau, Lis M. (17 April 2018). Doing Gender Diversity: Readings in Theory and Real-World Experience. Routledge.
David_Reimer
Activities performed according to a set sequence
how in "western" and "traditional" societies Rites of Passage are "doing gender", shaping and confirming womenhood and masculinity. She describes, how
Ritual
Non-conventional expression of gender in humans
Gender nonconformity or gender variance is gender expression by an individual whose behavior, mannerisms, or appearance do not match masculine or feminine
Gender_nonconformity
Gender identity of lacking a gender
is a gender identity where an individual has no gender and does not necessarily follow gender roles. It can also be known as genderless, gender-free,
Agender
Linguistic system of noun classification
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not
Grammatical_gender
Surgical procedures to affirm gender identity
Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is a surgical procedure, or a series of procedures, that alters a person's physical appearance and sexual characteristics
Gender-affirming_surgery
Personal sense of one's own gender
Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. Gender identity can correspond to a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals
Gender_identity
Gender identity differing from sex assigned at birth
is cisgender, which describes persons whose gender identity matches their assigned sex. Transgender does not have a universally accepted definition, including
Transgender
Psychological misogyny and abuse
Second Generation Gender Discrimination", Psychology Today, 1 May 2011. Susan Ehrlich Martin, Nancy C. Jurik, Doing Justice, Doing Gender, SAGE Publications
Second-generation_gender_bias
Changing gender presentation to accord with gender identity
Gender transition is the process of affirming and expressing internal sense of gender, rather than the sex assigned at birth. It is a recommended course
Gender_transition
Idea and situation that women and men are not treated as equal
Gender inequality refers to gender specific disparities in access to opportunities, resources, rights, and protections. Where gender inequality is present
Gender_inequality
Former medicalized framework describing gender nonconformity
Thanem Torkild, Wallenberg Louise (2016). "Just doing gender? Transvestism and the power of underdoing gender in everyday life and work". Organization. 23
Transvestism
Ways men and women use language differently
and gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-511-07765-3. OCLC 57419689. West, Candace; Zimmerman, Don H. (1987). "Doing Gender". Gender and
Language_and_gender
Non-fixed gender identity
Gender fluidity (commonly referred to as genderfluid) is a non-fixed gender identity that shifts over time or depending on the situation. These fluctuations
Gender_fluidity
Branch of the discipline of sociology
"Doing Gender". Gender & Society. 1 (2): 125–151. doi:10.1177/0891243287001002002. S2CID 220519301. Acker, Joan (1992). "From Sex Roles to Gendered Institutions"
Sociology_of_gender
Project MUSE 867770. Merlini, Sara (September 2018). "Other genders: (Un)doing gender norms in Portugal at a microsocial level". Portuguese Journal
List_of_LGBTQ_acronyms
Concept in gender studies
notion of "doing" gender involves differentiating between boys and girls from the day they are born and perpetuating the discourses of gender difference
Hegemonic_masculinity
Equality for all genders
Gender equality, also known as sexual equality, gender egalitarianism, or equality of the sexes, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and
Gender_equality
Gender identity as neither man nor woman
gender or third sex is an identity recognizing individuals categorized, either by themselves or by society, as neither a man nor a woman. Many gender
Third_gender
Artificial selection of the sex of offspring
Imbalances at Birth" (PDF). UNFPA. Ryju, S.; Lahiri-Dutt, eds. (2011). Doing gender, doing geography: emerging research in India. New Delhi: Routledge. p. 212
Sex_selection
Ballog, Meghan; Carranza, Maria Mayela; Lee, Katie (2022-01-02). "Doing nonbinary gender: The occupational experience of nonbinary persons in the environment"
List_of_gender_identities
Sexual attraction to people regardless of sex or gender identity
of all genders, or regardless of their sex or gender identity. Pansexual people may refer to themselves as gender-blind, asserting that gender and sex
Pansexuality
Research subject
Raewyn (February 2009). "Accountable Conduct: "Doing Gender" in Transsexual and Political Retrospect". Gender & Society. 23 (1): 104–111. doi:10.1177/0891243208327175
Agnes_(case_study)
International movement opposed to the concept of gender identity
The anti-gender movement is a global, mainly right-wing, social movement in opposition to concepts it refers to as "gender ideology" or "gender theory"
Anti-gender_movement
Concept in psychology and sociology
The gender-equality paradox is the counterintuitive finding that various average gender differences in personality and occupational choices are larger
Gender-equality_paradox
Title that does not indicate gender
A gender neutral title is a title that does not indicate the gender identity, whatever it may be, of the person being formally addressed. Honorifics are
Gender-neutral_title
Portugal in Portuguese and English; Nielsen, Harriet Bjerrum (2003) "Chapter 6: Doing Gender in Portugal" in One of the Boys?: Doing Gender in Scouting
Associação dos Escoteiros de Portugal
Associação_dos_Escoteiros_de_Portugal
Avoiding distinguishing based on gender
Gender neutrality (adjective form: gender-neutral), also known as gender-neutralism or the gender neutrality movement, is the idea that policies, language
Gender_neutrality
Gendered sexuality is the way in which gender and sexuality are often viewed as likened constructs, whereby the role of gender in an individual's life
Gendered_sexuality
Health care of transgender individuals
health care is gender-affirming care, the medical aspect of gender transition. Questions implicated in transgender health care include gender variance, sex
Transgender_health_care
German nouns are included in one of three genders: masculine, feminine or neuter. While the gender often does not directly influence the plural forms of
Grammatical_gender_in_German
Modern English largely does not have grammatical gender in this sense. However, it does retain features relating to natural gender, with particular nouns
Gender_in_English
Technique in fiction
A gender flip or gender swap is a technique in fiction in which characters are portrayed as a different gender from the one as which they were originally
Gender_flip
legally recognize non-binary or third gender classifications. These classifications are typically based on a person's gender identity. In some countries, such
Legal recognition of non-binary gender
Legal_recognition_of_non-binary_gender
Statistical measure
only and does not involve value judgments or argue for policy changes in the way gender equality. Gender parity is a goal of substantive gender equality
Gender_parity
French writer and performance artist
performer might, which harkens back to theoretical constructs such as "doing gender" or "gender performance" of Judith Butler. About her performances, Delorme
Wendy_Delorme
Social and legal concept regarding transgender rights
Gender self-identification or gender self-determination is the principle that a person's legal sex or gender is determined by their gender identity, without
Gender_self-identification
Work managing feelings and expressions
Sexuality". Gender, Work and Organization. 12 (4): 319–342. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2005.00276.x. Trautner, M. (2005). "Doing Gender, Doing Class: the
Emotional_labor
Enforcement of normative gender expressions
Gender policing is the imposition or enforcement of normative gender expressions. Gender policing primarily affects transgender and gender-nonconforming
Gender_policing
Average difference in remuneration amounts between men and women
The gender pay gap or gender wage gap is the average difference between the remuneration for men and women who are employed. In most countries, women are
Gender_pay_gap
Person who disrupts expected gender roles
A gender bender is a person who dresses and presents themselves in a way that deviates from societal expectations of their gender, especially as the opposite
Gender_bender
Gender-neutral honorific title
English-language neologistic honorific that does not indicate gender. Created as an alternative to gendered honorifics (such as Mr. and Ms.) in the late
Mx.
Interdisciplinary field of study
Gender studies is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to analysing gender identity and gendered representation. Gender studies originated in the
Gender_studies
Striptease performer
Trautner, Mary Nell (December 2005). "Doing gender, doing class: the performance of sexuality in exotic dance clubs". Gender & Society. 19 (6): 771–788. doi:10
Stripper
Lack of requirement for morphological agreement with respect to gender in some languages
distinct from that of gender neutrality or gender-neutral language, which is wording that does not presuppose a particular natural gender. A discourse in a
Gender neutrality in genderless languages
Gender_neutrality_in_genderless_languages
Sexual attraction to more than one gender
attraction, or sexual behavior towards more than one gender or attraction that is not limited by sex or gender. The term bisexuality originated in early sexology
Bisexuality
Short story by Alice Munro
original on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2008-05-24. Reingard M. Nischick, (Un-)Doing Gender: Alice Munro, Boys and Girls (1964), in: The Canadian short story. Interpretations
Boys_and_Girls_(short_story)
Family structure centered on breadwinner
Caryn E. (2016-07-02). "The new female breadwinner: discursively doing and un doing gender relations". Journal of Applied Communication Research. 44 (3):
Breadwinner_model
Garcia, Venessa (2021). Women in policing around the world: doing gender and policing in a gendered organization. Advances in police theory and practice series
Women_in_law_enforcement
and respected.[editorializing] Murray, Sarah E. (2020). "Seeing and Doing Gender at Work: A Qualitative Analysis of Canadian Male and Female Police Officers"
Gender disparity in law enforcement employment
Gender_disparity_in_law_enforcement_employment
Gender incongruence is the state of having a gender identity that does not correspond to one's sex assigned at birth. This is experienced by people who
Causes_of_gender_incongruence
South African writer, poet and storyteller (1953–2026)
arena of imaginings: Sarah Baartman and the ethics of representation". Doing Gender in Media, Art and Culture. London: Routledge. p. 82. ISBN 978-0-203-87680-0
Diana_Ferrus
Attributes associated with men
). Cambridge: Polity. West, Candace; Zimmerman, Don H. (1987). "Doing Gender". Gender & Society. 1 (2): 125–151. doi:10.1177/0891243287001002002. S2CID 220519301
Masculinity
American social psychologist (born 1946)
McKenna's concept of "gender attribution" predated William Zimmerman and Candace West's concept of doing gender and Butler's concept of gender performativity
Suzanne_Kessler
American psychologist and writer
Candace West and Zimmerman, Doing Gender, she did a reflection about how to undo gender in everyday life in her article Undoing Gender. She did a lot of recognized
Francine_Deutsch
Uralic languages) do not have gender distinctions in personal pronouns, just as most of them lack any system of grammatical gender. In others, such as
Gender neutrality in languages with gendered third-person pronouns
Gender_neutrality_in_languages_with_gendered_third-person_pronouns
Theory in psychology
A gender empathy gap, sometimes referred to as an gender empathy bias, is a gendered breakdown or difference in empathy either a difference in social empathy
Gender_empathy_gap
2004 book by Judith Butler
Undoing Gender is a 2004 book by American philosopher and gender studies writer Judith Butler. Butler examines gender, sex, psychoanalysis, and the way
Undoing_Gender
American neurobiologist (1954–2017)
434..697B. doi:10.1038/434697a. PMID 15815603. Barres, Ben A. (2006). "Does gender matter?". Nature. 442 (7099): 133–136. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..133B. doi:10
Ben_Barres
this practice does not entail dividing budgets for women. It aims at dealing with budgetary gender inequality issues, including gender hierarchies and
Gender_budgeting
Neologistic personal pronoun
non-binary individuals who feel that they provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns. Neopronouns may be
Neopronoun
performance at positions typically reserved for males, as well as how the mixed gender group performed as a whole, in order to ascertain whether operative efficiency
Gender discrimination in the Canadian Military
Gender_discrimination_in_the_Canadian_Military
Language avoiding bias towards a sex or social gender
Gender-neutral language or gender-inclusive language is language that avoids reference towards a particular sex or gender. In English, this includes use
Gender-neutral_language
Theory of discrimination
Rosemarie; van der Tuin, Iris, eds. (2009). Doing Gender in Media, Art and Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Gender Studies. London: Routeledge. pp. 63–65
Intersectionality
Although the gender of God in Judaism is referred to in the Tanakh with masculine imagery and grammatical forms, traditional Jewish philosophy does not attribute
Gender_of_God_in_Judaism
Hate crime committed against a specific gender
A gender crime is a hate crime committed against a specific gender. Gender crimes may include rape, genital mutilation, forced prostitution, and forced
Gender_crime
Prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex or gender
discrimination based on one's sex or gender. Sexism can affect anyone, but primarily affects women and girls. It has been linked to gender roles and stereotypes, and
Sexism
Sexual activity before marriage
"The Sexuality Transition: Premarital Sex, the Nuclear Family, and "Doing" Gender". Women's Studies. 44 (1): 23–53. doi:10.1080/00497878.2014.971216.
Premarital_sex
Role of men and women in Islamic culture
Gender roles in Islam are based on scriptures, cultural traditions, and jurisprudence. The Quran, the holy book of Islam, indicates that both men and women
Gender_roles_in_Islam
Danish international relations scholar
European feminist doing Critical Security Studies'. Hansen, Lene (2000). "The Little Mermaid's Silent Security Dilemma and the Absence of Gender in the Copenhagen
Lene_Hansen
Japanese term for non-binary gender identities
X-gender (Japanese: Xジェンダー, romanized: x-jendā) is a third-gender that differs from M, for male, or F, for female. The term X-gender came into use during
X-gender
Subfield of human-computer interaction
humans. The specific emphasis in gender HCI is on variations in how people of different genders interact with computers. Gender HCI research has been conducted
Gender_HCI
Index designed to measure gender equality
The Global Gender Gap Report is an index designed to measure gender equality. It was first published in 2006 by the World Economic Forum. It "assesses
Global_Gender_Gap_Report
Equitable or fair representation of people of different genders
Gender diversity is equitable representation of people of different genders. It most commonly refers to an equitable ratio of men and women, but also
Gender_diversity
Linguistic feature in the English language
Indo-European languages, English does not retain grammatical gender and most of its nouns, adjectives and pronouns are therefore not gender-specific. In most other
Gender_neutrality_in_English
Process of self-exploration
The questioning of one's sexual orientation, sexual identity, gender, or all three is a process of exploration by people who may be unsure, still exploring
Questioning (sexuality and gender)
Questioning_(sexuality_and_gender)
Index of articles associated with the same name
A gender gap is a relative disparity between people of different genders. It's reflected in a variety of sectors in many societies. There exist differences
Gender_gap
1990 book by Judith Butler
Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity is a 1990 book by the post-structuralist gender theorist and philosopher Judith Butler in which
Gender_Trouble
Slang term used for a feminine male
used as both a sexual and non-sexual term; it does not denote a specific sexual orientation or gender role. The term originated in the 1990s. It has
Femboy
Social system defining genders and roles
Gender systems are the social structures that establish the number of genders and their associated gender roles in every society. A gender role is "everything
Gender_system
Difference between males and females
primary sclerosing cholangitis is more common in men. Gender-based medicine, also called "gender medicine", is the field of medicine that studies the biological
Sex_differences_in_humans
Classification of sex and gender into two opposite forms
The gender binary (also known as gender binarism) is the classification of gender into two distinct forms of masculine and feminine, whether by social
Gender_binary
Indonesian musical instrument used in Gamelan
A gendèr is a type of metallophone used in Balinese and Javanese gamelan music. It consists of 10 to 14 tuned metal bars suspended over a tuned resonator
Gendèr
Academic subfield
Gender and politics, also called gender in politics, is a field of study in political science and gender studies that aims to understand the relationship
Gender_and_politics
Linguistic quality
(Durham 1996). Wells, P., Understanding Animation (London 1998). West, Candace and Don Zimmerman. 1987. "Doing Gender." Gender and Society 1.2: 121–151.
Performativity
Societal aspect of gender
Gender sensitivity is the process by which people are made aware of how gender plays a role in life through their treatment of others. Gender relations
Gender_sensitivity
Theory about social roles and acceptance
inconsistencies exist between the characteristics associated with the female gender stereotype and those associated with the typical leadership. One of the
Role_congruity_theory
Prepubescent children not following their assigned gender roles
Childhood gender nonconformity (CGN) is a phenomenon in which prepubescent children do not conform to expected gender-related sociological or psychological
Childhood gender nonconformity
Childhood_gender_nonconformity
Educational discrimination on the basis of sex
the gender gap in education has reversed in recent decades in most Western countries and many non-Western countries. This is measured with the Gender Parity
Sex_differences_in_education
Sociological concept by Sandra Bem
In sociology, gender polarization is a concept first described by American psychologist Sandra Bem which states that societies tend to define femininity
Gender_polarization
American sociologist
OCLC 862120519. Journal articles Tibbals, Chauntelle Anne (December 2007). "Doing gender as resistance: waitresses and servers in contemporary table service"
Chauntelle_Tibbals
travel, tourism, insurance
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