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Ancient Syrian city
see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script. Ebla (Sumerian: 𒌈𒆷 eb₂-la, Arabic: إبلا, modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was
Ebla
Topics referred to by the same term
Ebla was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Ebla may also refer to: Ebla, a Syrian oil and gas processing company, see Shaer gas field HD 218566, star
Ebla_(disambiguation)
Collection of clay tablets from the ancient city of Ebla in Syria
The Ebla tablets are a collection of as many as 1,800 complete clay tablets, 4,700 fragments, and many thousands of minor chips found in the palace archives
Ebla_tablets
The Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal is a diplomatic treaty that was concluded between the Early Bronze Age city-states of Ebla and Abarsal. It was signed
Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal
Treaty_between_Ebla_and_Abarsal
Tutelary goddess of Ebla
Išḫara was a goddess originally worshipped in Ebla and other nearby settlements in the north of modern Syria in the third millennium BCE. The origin of
Išḫara
Archaeological culture of Mesopotamia
west stretched states centered on cities such as Kish, Mari, Nagar, and Ebla. The study of Central and Lower Mesopotamia has long been given priority
Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)
Early_Dynastic_Period_(Mesopotamia)
Bronze Age city-kingdom in northern Syria
to in the Ebla texts. Armi was a vassal kingdom for Ebla, it had its own kings and worked as a trade center and Trading intermediary for Ebla. Giovanni
Armi_(Syria)
Title in the Syrian first Eblaite kingdom
presented by Alfonso Archi to indicate the second in command official of Ebla, whose native title was probably "head of the administration" (lugal sa-za)
Vizier_(Ebla)
Ancient Sumerian and Amorite city
state before 2500 BC. This second Mari engaged in a long war with its rival Ebla and is known for its strong affinity with Sumerian culture. It was destroyed
Mari,_Syria
The Ebla–biblical controversy refers to the disagreements between scholars regarding a possible connection between the Syrian city of Ebla and the Bible
Ebla–biblical_controversy
Ancient Semitic-speaking people from the Levant
city-states in various locations, such as Isin, Kurda, Larsa, Mari, and Ebla, and later founded Babylon and the Old Babylonian Empire. They also founded
Amorites
Country in West Asia
indigenous civilization in the region was the Kingdom of Ebla near present-day Idlib, northern Syria. Ebla appears to have been founded around 3500 BC and gradually
Syria
Eblaite god
Kura was a god worshiped in Ebla (modern Tell Mardikh in Syria) in the third millennium BCE. He was the tutelary god of the city, as well as the head of
Kura_(deity)
Kings of an ancient Syrian city
The list of kings of Ebla includes the known monarchs of Ebla who ruled three consecutive kingdoms. For the first kingdom's monarchs, tablets listing offerings
List_of_kings_of_Ebla
Village in Aleppo, Syria
Ablah (Arabic: عبلة, romanized: ‘Ablah; Kurdish: Ebla) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Situated in a wadi surrounded by
Ablah
Ruler of the Akkadian Empire (c. 2254–2218 BC)
as Tall Bazi) with its ruler Rid-Adad and Ebla (55 kilometers southwest of modern Aleppo) by Naram-Sin (Ebla was also defeated by his grandfather Sargon)
Naram-Sin_of_Akkad
Gas field in Syria
Governorate. Its prime investor was Petro-Canada and it supplies gas to the Ebla gas plant. The field primarily produces non-associated gas, i.e., independent
Shaer_gas_field
Biblical city in the West Bank
Not Mentioned in Ebla Tablets, Say Ebla Expedition Scholars, BAR 9:06, Nov-Dec 1983. – “There is no reference to Jerusalem in the Ebla tablets, the Italians
Shechem
testi di Ebla", Nabu, pp. 23‑24, 1990 Astour, Michael C., "A Reconstruction of the History of Ebla (Part 2)", Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and
Abarsal
trading party of the 3rd millennium BC city of Ebla, mentioned 51 times in extant texts, most from the time of Ebla ruler Išar-Damu (c. 2300 BC). Its location
Dugurasu
Eblaite and Hurrian god
also known as Aštabil, was a god worshiped in the third millennium BCE in Ebla, later incorporated into Hurrian beliefs in locations such as Alalakh and
Aštabi
City-state in the ancient Near East
not clear, but it is believed to be in the same general area as Mari and Ebla. It is mentioned in the texts from the Akkadian period, specifically by Naram-Sin
Armanum
Country in West Asia
42. ISBN 978-1-4387-7382-7. Archi, Alfonso (2016). "Egypt or Iran in the Ebla Texts?". Orientalia. 85: 3. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021
Armenia
City in Aleppo Governorate, Syria
time at which Aleppo is first mentioned in cuneiform tablets unearthed in Ebla and Mesopotamia, which speak of it as part of the Amorite state of Yamhad
Aleppo
Extinct Semitic language used in the third millennium BC
Eblaite (/ˈɛblə.aɪt, ˈiːblə-/, also known as Eblan by ISO 639-3), or Palaeosyrian, is an extinct East Semitic language used during the 3rd millennium
Eblaite_language
Residents of the ancient Near East until the end of antiquity
BCE. Speakers of East Semitic included the people of the Akkadian Empire, Ebla, Assyria and Babylonia, but the branch's languages have since fallen out
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient_Semitic-speaking_peoples
Mounds in southeastern Anatolia
individuals, particularly from Ebla, Ashkalon, Baq'ah and Nuwayrat. Nemrik 9 Çayönü Boncuklu Nuwayrat Ebla Ashkelon Ebla Baq'ah The Nuwayrat individual
Taş_Tepeler
One of a cluster of five biblical cities
Hosea. There has also been some conjecture that Admah is mentioned in the Ebla tablets as the Eblaite word "ad-ma" or "ad-mu-utki" = (Town of) Admah. Sodom
Admah
Region in the ancient Near East
Mediterranean coast. By the Early Bronze Age other sites had developed, such as Ebla (where an East Semitic language, Eblaite, was spoken), which by c. 2300 BC
Canaan
Hurrian goddess
spouse of various weather gods. She was already associated with Adad in Ebla and Aleppo in the third millennium BCE, and in later times they are attested
Ḫepat
Eblaite god
Hadabal (also spelled 'Adabal) was a god worshiped in Ebla and its surroundings in the third millennium BCE. He was one of the main gods of that area,
Hadabal
Proposed Mesopotamia civilization
theories among Ancient Near East scholars, which encompassed the sites of Ebla and Mari in the Levant, Nagar in the north, and the proto-Akkadian sites
Kish_civilization
King of Ebla
2340 BC) was king (Malikum) of the first Eblaite kingdom, whose era saw Ebla's turning into the dominant power in the Levant. During his reign, the vizier
Irkab-Damu
Country in West Asia
Bank. The personal name "Israel" appears much earlier, in material from Ebla. /ˈɪzriəl, -reɪ-/ ; Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל, romanised: Yīsrāʾēl [jisʁaˈʔel];
Israel
Legendary proto-Somali queen
also spelled Arrawelo, Araweelo, Arraweelo, or Arawailo), also known as Ebla Awad, was a proto-Somali Queen in traditional folklore. Arawelo is said to
Arawelo
Eblaite, Ugaritic and Ancient Egyptian deity
Rešep̄) was a god associated with war and plague, originally worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE. He was one of the main members of the local
Resheph
Group of ancient Semitic religions
excavations. The earliest evidence of Canaanite religions come from the Ebla tablets, a series of texts inscribed on clay, found at Tell Mardikh, Syria
Canaanite_religion
Semitic kingdom in Syria
The Syrian city-states were subdued through alliances or force; Mamma, Ebla and Ugarit became vassals of Yamhad, while Qatna remained independent but
Yamhad
Eble III of Ventadorn was viscount of Ventadour (Corrèze, France). He was the son of Eble II, known as Eble le chanteur (Eble the singer), and of Agnes
Eble_III_of_Ventadorn
Ancient kingdom East of the Dead Sea
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Moab
Animal which is ritually burdened
some similarities to the scapegoat ritual also appear in Ancient Greece and Ebla. The scapegoat ritual was performed throughout the Second Temple period,
Scapegoat
Ancient Semitic kingdom in the Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Ammon
King of Ebla
] (fl. c. 1975 BC) was the earliest known ruler of the Third kingdom of Ebla, in modern Syria. Ibbit-Lim is only known by a fragmentary basalt torso found
Ibbit-Lim
Eblaite and Hurrian goddess
Adamma was a goddess worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE, later also documented in Hurrian sources and in Emar. The origin and meaning of her
Adamma_(goddess)
2023 British drama film by Ken Loach
Turner), the owner of a small pub, who forms a bond with Syrian refugee Yara (Ebla Mari). It is a co-production between the United Kingdom, France and Belgium
The_Old_Oak
Ancient kingdom in the southern Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Edom
Italian archaeologist (born 1940)
has been Director of the Ebla Expedition since 1963—in fact, its discoverer—and has published many articles and books about Ebla and about the History of
Paolo_Matthiae
King of Ebla
Immeya (died c. 1725 BC) was a king of Ebla, in modern Syria, reigning around 1750–1725 BC, during the Middle Bronze Age II. Immeya was most likely buried
Immeya
Vizier of Ebla
Asia portal Ibbi-Sipish or Ibbi-Zikir (died c. 2300 BC) was the vizier of Ebla for king Ishar-Damu for 17 years. He was the son of his predecessor, Ibrium
Ibbi-Sipish
Eblaite goddess
of Ebla in the third millennium BCE as the wife of its tutelary god, Kura. She is not attested in any sources postdating the destruction of Ebla. Alfonso
Barama_(goddess)
Northern part of the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
archives recovered at Ebla. Ebla, Mari, and Nagar were the dominant states for this period. The earliest texts indicate that Ebla paid tribute to Mari
Upper_Mesopotamia
Israelite kingdom in the Southern Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Kingdom_of_Judah
dominated by the East Semitic-speaking kingdoms of Ebla, Nagar and the Mari. At its greatest extent, Ebla controlled an area roughly half the size of modern
History_of_the_ancient_Levant
Country in West Asia
have been found in different Middle Bronze Age texts from the library of Ebla, and three of the twelve tablets of the Epic of Gilgamesh. The name is recorded
Lebanon
Biblical figure in the Book of Genesis
inscription at Ebla listing geographical names, and the term Armi, which is the Eblaite term for nearby Aleppo, occurs frequently in the Ebla tablets (ca
Aram,_son_of_Shem
Syrian god
Šanugaru) was a god worshiped in ancient Syria, especially in the proximity of Ebla and Emar, later incorporated into the Hurrian and Hittite pantheons. His
Saggar_(god)
Star in the constellation Pisces
in the equatorial zodiac constellation of Pisces. It has the proper name Ebla, after a kingdom in ancient Syria. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8
HD_218566
Early Assyrian monarch
Adamu to appear there as Tubtiyamutu. In initial archaeological reports from Ebla, it appeared that Tudiya's existence was confirmed with the discovery of
Tudiya
examples of cuneiform law. The oldest evidence of a code of law was found at Ebla, in modern Syria (c. 2400 BC). The Sumerian Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100–2050
List_of_ancient_legal_codes
Ancient Semitic people in the Near East
Semitic-speaking kingdom of Ebla listing geographical names, and the term Armi, the Eblaite term for nearby Idlib, occurs frequently in the Ebla tablets (c. 2300
Arameans
Middle Eastern goddess, worshipped from the Bronze Age through classical antiquity
associated with Amorite cities like Ugarit and Emar, as well as Mari and Ebla. She was also celebrated in Egypt, especially during the reign of the Ramessides
Astarte
Territory inhabited by the Philistines in Canaan
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Philistia
Mesopotamian sun god
Manfted (1992). "Mesopotamian Myths at Ebla: ARET 5, 6 and ARET 5, 7". Literature and literary language at Ebla. Quaderni di semitistica. Dipartimento
Shamash
was the name used by Ebla in the 24th century BC to indicate a confederation of tribes occupying the steppic region south of Ebla; the region included
Ib'al
Bronze Age god in ancient Syria
he could be invoked as a divine witness of oaths. According to texts from Ebla, Dagan's attributes were a chariot and a mace. Dagan's primary cult centers
Dagon
Ancient Mesopotamian city in Iraq
also invaded and conquered Elam to the east, and the kingdoms of Mari and Ebla to the northwest. After the reign of Hammurabi, the whole of southern Mesopotamia
Babylon
Mesopotamian goddess of beer
was a Mesopotamian goddess associated with beer. She was also worshiped in Ebla, where her name was spelled as Zilaš. Cognates of her name are also present
Siris_(goddess)
Client state of the Roman Republic from 37 to 4 BCE
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Herodian_kingdom
Museum in Idlib, Syria
notably the clay tablets from what the museum calls the Royal Archive of Ebla, carefully preserved for study, and they have reshaped much of what is known
Idlib_Museum
Former country
Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad and Assyria).[clarification needed] Texts from Ebla also refer to a place spelled Mar-tu, with sources in the 24th century BCE
Amurru_kingdom
than those estimated for Mari (50,000); Uruk and Umma (40,000); Memphis, Ebla, Urkesh, and Shuruppak (30,000) (p. 28). Girsu (Telloh), the later capital
List of largest cities throughout history
List_of_largest_cities_throughout_history
Region of ancient Israel
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Samaria
Eblaite mountain god
Hammarigu, was a god worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE. He was most likely a deified mountain. After the fall of Ebla, he was incorporated into the
Ammarik
Aramean polity from 12th century BCE to 732 BCE
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Aram-Damascus
Governorate in Syria
provincial capital is Idlib. The governorate contains many archaeological sites. Ebla is a Bronze Age site, and Al-Dana occupies the site of ancient Adennu. Bara
Idlib_Governorate
Syrian goddess
the pantheon of the middle Euphrates area. She was already worshiped in Ebla and Tuttul in the third millennium BCE, and later her cult is attested in
Shalash
with some 30,000 inhabitants, was the largest city of the time by far. Ebla is estimated to have had a population of 40,000 inhabitants in the Intermediate
List of cities of the ancient Near East
List_of_cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East
Period of Levantine history
Age sites like Ebla, which by 2300 BCE, was incorporated once again into the empires of Sargon and Naram-Sin of Akkad. The archives of Ebla show reference
Prehistory_of_the_Levant
Hypothesized Israelite kingdom in the Southern Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)
Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)
Site of an ancient city in northern Israel's Jezreel Valley
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Tel_Megiddo
Species of domesticated mammal
and Ebla and the Chronology of the Middle Bronze Age", p. 161 (161 Archived October 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine) Matthiae, Paolo (2020). Ebla: Archaeology
Goat
Semitic storm god
in the Canaanite and ancient Mesopotamian religions. He was attested in Ebla as "Hadda" in c. 2500 BCE. From the Levant, Hadad was introduced to Mesopotamia
Hadad
King of Ebla
archives of Ebla dated two generations after his reign. According to Alfonso Archi, he was a contemporary of Saʿumu of Mari. The archives of Ebla records
Kun-Damu
Ancient city on the Levantine coast known from Ancient, Classical, and Medieval times
Ancestry proportions of Ascalon, Ebla, Baq'ah and Nuwayrat Bronze Age samples for the best-fit full model (qpAdm).
Ascalon
Cities destroyed by God in the Book of Genesis
known to represent Emar, an ancient city located near Ebla. Today, the scholarly consensus is that "Ebla has no bearing on ... Sodom and Gomorra." Robert Gnuse
Sodom_and_Gomorrah
Ancient Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and southeast Anatolia
Astour, Michael C.. "A Reconstruction of the History of Ebla (Part 2)". Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language, Volume 4, edited by Cyrus
Mitanni
Writing or drawing surface
The Ebla Tablets". The Biblical Archaeologist. 47 (1): 6–16. doi:10.2307/3209872. ISSN 0006-0895. JSTOR 3209872. Wellisch, Hans H. (1981). "Ebla: The
Writing_material
One hundred years, from 2500 BC to 2401 BC
approximately 600 years of occupation. c. 2500–2250 BC: Ebla tablets are collected in the ancient city of Ebla, Syria. Discovered by Italian archaeologist Paolo
25th_century_BC
Ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia
its supposed patriarchal age. The earliest records of Harran come from the Ebla tablets, c. 2300 BC. Harran's name is said to be from Akkadian ḫarrānum (fem
Harran_(biblical_place)
Archaeological site in Syria
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Hamoukar
Ancient Mesopotamian goddess
cult skyrocketed. Alfonso Archi, who was involved in early excavations of Ebla, assumes Ishtar was originally a goddess venerated in the Euphrates valley
Inanna
Ancient Sumerian city
city of Ebla near the Mediterranean Sea, as shown by the Ebla tablets. According to the Ebla tablets, Kish was defeated in the time of Ebla ruler Ishar-Damu
Kish_(Sumer)
Village in Syria
oldest cities, located on a crossroads of two trade routes northwest of Ebla, in a landscape that was much more fertile than it is today. It has been
Umm_el-Marra
Calendar year
which contains the oldest active library, being Ebla tablets (c. 2500–2250 BC) in the city of Ebla, Syria, discovered by Italian archaeologist Paolo
565
Ancient Near East archaeological site in Raqqa Governorate of Syria
site in Raqqa Governorate of Syria in the same general area as Mari and Ebla. It is located on the east bank of Euphrates river in upper Syria, about
Tall_Bazi
Neolithic settlement in Turkey
South Levant Neolithic components. Nemrik 9 Çayönü Boncuklu Nuwayrat Ebla Ashkelon Ebla Baq'ah Göbekli Tepe Human samples from Çayönü dated to around 8300-7500
Çayönü
God(s) worshipped in ancient Canaan
Stieglitz, Robert R. (1990). "Ebla and the Gods of Canaan". In Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg (eds.). Eblaitica: essays on the Ebla archives and Eblaite language
Baal_Berith
Alcoholic drink made from fermented cereal grains
in part, have referred to the consumption of beer. The Ebla tablets, discovered in 1974 in Ebla, Syria, show that beer was produced in the city in 2500
Beer
Transcontinental geopolitical region
civilizations in Iran, as well as the civilizations of the Levant (such as Ebla, Mari, Nagar, Ugarit, Canaan, Aramea, Mitanni, Phoenicia, and Israel) and
Middle_East
The earliest evidence of beer in Syria came from the Ebla tablets, discovered in 1974 in Ebla and presumed to go back to 2500 BC, reveal that the city
Beer_in_Syria
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