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Metaphor used to visualize the processes of evolution
An evolutionary landscape is a metaphor or a construct used to think about and visualize the processes of evolution (e.g. natural selection and genetic
Evolutionary_landscape
Model used to visualise relationship between genotypes and reproductive success
In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes
Fitness_landscape
Collection of possible string theory vacua
governing compactifications. The term "landscape" comes from the notion of a fitness landscape in evolutionary biology. It was first applied to cosmology
String_theory_landscape
Study of religious belief using evolutionary psychology principles
The evolutionary psychology of religion is the study of religious belief using evolutionary psychology principles. It is one approach to the psychology
Evolutionary psychology of religion
Evolutionary_psychology_of_religion
Point in evolutionary space where selection always leads
height of a point in an adaptive landscape is a measure of evolutionary fitness. If a point in an adaptive landscape is a peak, then selection will always
Evolutionary_attractor
Study of religious thought and behavior
and Culture, 1, 69–100. Atran, S. (2002). "In gods we trust: The evolutionary landscape of religion", Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. Upal, M. A. (2005)
Cognitive_science_of_religion
Emergence of religious behavior discussed in terms of natural evolution
The evolutionary origin of religion and religious behavior is a field of study related to evolutionary psychology, the origin of language and mythology
Evolutionary origin of religion
Evolutionary_origin_of_religion
Cultural idea that spreads through imitation
Accessed 17 Feb. 2024. Atran, Scott (2002). In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514930-2. Atran
Meme
Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms
time within a population Evolutionary game theory – Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology Fitness landscape – Model used to visualise
Outline_of_evolution
Subset of evolutionary computation
do not make any assumption about the underlying fitness landscape. Techniques from evolutionary algorithms applied to the modeling of biological evolution
Evolutionary_algorithm
Evolutionary psychology theories
Evolutionary aesthetics refers to evolutionary psychology theories in which the basic aesthetic preferences of Homo sapiens are argued to have evolved
Evolutionary_aesthetics
Branching diagram of evolutionary relationships between organisms
phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or taxa during a specific time. In other
Phylogenetic_tree
Mathematical modelling of phenotypic evolution
fitness landscape experienced by an initially rare mutant. The landscape changes with each successful invasion, as is the case in evolutionary game theory
Evolutionary invasion analysis
Evolutionary_invasion_analysis
Change in the heritable traits of populations
of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as genetic drift and natural selection act on genetic
Evolution
False beliefs about science
doi:10.1119/1.12989. Altran S; Norenzayan A (2004). "Religion's evolutionary landscape: Counterintuition, commitment, compassion, communion". Behavioral
Scientific_misconceptions
Network of interconnected organizations
Gruber, para. 4: “Imagine that companies are like organisms in an evolutionary landscape” Dar 1999, para. 1: “Evolution on the Internet is no different from
Business_ecosystem
American-French cultural anthropologist
University Press, 1993; ISBN 978-0-521-43871-1 In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion, Oxford University Press, 2002; ISBN 978-0-19-803405-6
Scott_Atran
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a proportion of a population
Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population
Evolutionary_pressure
Factors influencing economic decisions
Alchian's 1950 paper uses the logic of natural selection, the Evolutionary Landscape model, stochastic processes, probability theory, and several other
Behavioral_economics
Evolutionary process
it is the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly,
Adaptation
Subfield of genetics
hypothesis Effective population size Error catastrophe Evolutionary landscape Fitness landscape Fixation Founder effect Gene flow Gene pool Genetic drift
Population_genetics
Trial and error problem solvers with a metaheuristic or stochastic optimization character
Evolutionary computation (EC) from computer science is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and a subfield
Evolutionary_computation
Village deities in Hinduism
ISBN 978-1-61283-298-2. Atran, Scott (9 December 2004). In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford University Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-19-803405-6
Gramadevata
Species of ant
where they wouldn't normally meet. Human disturbance modifies evolutionary landscapes, creating novel selective pressures and more opportunities for
Tetramorium_immigrans
Interaction of biology and evolution
Evolutionary ecology is a science at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly
Evolutionary_ecology
glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in the study of genetics and evolutionary biology, as well as
Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology
Glossary_of_genetics_and_evolutionary_biology
Solution concept in game theory
An evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) is a strategy (or set of strategies) that is impermeable when adopted by a population in adaptation to a specific
Evolutionarily stable strategy
Evolutionarily_stable_strategy
Supernatural being
28 June 2017. Atran, Scott; Norensayan, Ara (2005). "Religion's evolutionary landscape: Counterintuition, commitment, compassion, communion" (PDF). Behavioral
Deity
Modelling evolution using differential equations
Evolutionary biology portal Evolutionary dynamics is a branch of mathematical evolutionary biology that developed from research using differential equations
Evolutionary_dynamics
Trait that is characterized by being more harmful than helpful
exogenous environmental changes in the fitness landscape, or feedback in eco-plasticity, altering the fitness landscape. It can also signify an adaptation that
Maladaptation
Interdisciplinary academic field
Explained: The Evolutionary Origins of Religious Thought. Basic Books, 2001. Atran, Scott. In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford
Cognitive Anthropology of Symbolic Systems
Cognitive_Anthropology_of_Symbolic_Systems
Study of distribution of species
field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, taxonomy, geology, physical geography, palaeontology, and climatology
Biogeography
Study of environmental factors and genetic adaptation
soil. Landscape genomics combines aspects of landscape ecology, population genetics and landscape genetics. The latter addresses how landscape features
Landscape_genomics
Dependence of a gene mutation's phenotype on mutations in other genes
topology of the landscape is random. This is referred to as a rugged fitness landscape and has profound implications for the evolutionary optimisation of
Epistasis
Clinical Significance
1016/S1097-2765(04)00083-8. PMID 15023338. Fort P, Blangy A (June 2017). "The Evolutionary Landscape of Dbl-Like RhoGEF Families: Adapting Eukaryotic Cells to Environmental
Pleckstrin_homology_domain
Analytic approach to religion
dissertation). Atatürk University. Atran, S. (2002). In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517803-6
Psychology_of_religion
Tuberculosis vaccine candidate
Esther; Martín, Carlos; Gonzalo-Asensio, Jesús (2015-10-30). "Evolutionary Landscape of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex from the Viewpoint of
MTBVAC
Evolutionary algorithm
optimization problems. They belong to the class of evolutionary algorithms and evolutionary computation. An evolutionary algorithm is broadly based on the principle
CMA-ES
Austrian Bioinformatician
biochemistry (1992). He performed his doctoral research on evolutionary fitness landscapes of RNA and proteins in the group of Peter Schuster, Institute
Erich_Bornberg-Bauer
Philosophical question
spreads through word-of-mouth. Scott Atran's In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion (2002) makes a similar argument and adds examination
Existence_of_God
Accumulation of mutations
the slope of the adaptive landscape. Because the adaptive landscape is not rigid and can change shape during the evolutionary process, it is possible that
Somatic_evolution_in_cancer
Set of theoretical concepts concerning evolutionary biology
traits in the organism in generating evolutionary variations. How increasing dimensionality of fitness landscapes affects our view of speciation. The role
Extended evolutionary synthesis
Extended_evolutionary_synthesis
Proteins which remove GDP from GTPases
PMID 9690470. S2CID 204998911. Fort P, Blangy A (June 2017). "The Evolutionary Landscape of Dbl-Like RhoGEF Families: Adapting Eukaryotic Cells to Environmental
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Guanine_nucleotide_exchange_factor
Evolutionary thought, the recognition that species change over time and the perceived understanding of how such processes work, has roots in antiquity
History of evolutionary thought
History_of_evolutionary_thought
Method of mathematical optimization
Differential evolution (DE) is an evolutionary algorithm to optimize a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a given
Differential_evolution
Effect of learned behavior on evolution
In evolutionary biology, what is now called the Baldwin effect describes the ways agency, imitation and learned behaviour can pioneer evolutionary change
Baldwin_effect
Family of small signalling G proteins
1007/s10585-007-9119-1. PMID 18000759. Fort P, Blangy A (2017). "The Evolutionary Landscape of Dbl-Like RhoGEF Families: Adapting Eukaryotic Cells to Environmental
Rho_family_of_GTPases
Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology
Evolutionary game theory (EGT) is the application of game theory to evolving populations in biology. It defines a framework of contests, strategies, and
Evolutionary_game_theory
the pre-cell scenario is shown in the adjacent figure, where important evolutionary improvements are indicated by numbers. Wet-dry cycles at geothermal springs
History_of_life
British and Canadian molecular biologist
Wilson MD, Kim PM, Odom DT, Frey BJ, Blencowe BJ (2012). "The evolutionary landscape of alternative splicing in vertebrate species". Science. 338 (6114):
Benjamin_Blencowe
Independent evolution of similar features
S.; Hibberd, J. M. (September 2013). "Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis". eLife. 2 e00961. doi:10
Convergent_evolution
Competitive algorithm for searching a problem space
the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA) in computer science and operations research. Genetic
Genetic_algorithm
American geneticist (1889–1988)
genotype or phenotype and fitness as fitness surfaces or evolutionary landscapes. On these landscapes mean population fitness was the height, plotted against
Sewall_Wright
Totality of psychological phenomena
minds are certain aspects or features of some material objects. The evolutionary history of the mind is tied to the development of nervous systems, which
Mind
Relationships between ecological processes in the environment and particular ecosystems
novel evolutionary and ecological questions, many with regard to how landscapes effect evolutionary processes, especially in human-modified landscapes, which
Landscape_ecology
Sequence in a genome
opisthokont supergroup and exemplify only a small fraction of the evolutionary landscape in the eukaryotic domain. Comparably few efforts have been directed
Origin_of_replication
One version of the theory of evolution
the theory is borrowed from Wright's metaphor of fitness landscapes (evolutionary landscapes), attempting to explain how a population may move across
Shifting_balance_theory
Aspect of photography history
technology firsts (including optics peculiar to SLRs and important SLR evolutionary lines now extinct). 1676 Johann Sturm (Germany) described first known
History of the single-lens reflex camera
History_of_the_single-lens_reflex_camera
Functions used to evaluate optimization algorithms
In applied mathematics, test functions, known as artificial landscapes, are useful to evaluate characteristics of optimization algorithms, such as convergence
Test functions for optimization
Test_functions_for_optimization
Italian philosopher (1940–2024)
articulating and inventing a mathematics capable of engraving itself in an evolutionary landscape in accordance with the opening up of meaning. In this sense, for
Arturo_Carsetti
Study of DNA modifications that do not change its sequence
the modern synthesis and have called for an extended evolutionary synthesis. Other evolutionary biologists, such as John Maynard Smith, have incorporated
Epigenetics
Expected reproductive success
role in evolutionary genetics". Nat. Rev. Genet. 10 (8): 531–539. doi:10.1038/nrg2603. PMC 2753274. PMID 19546856. Video: Using fitness landscapes to visualize
Fitness_(biology)
Ecological theory concerning the selection of life history traits
The r/K selection theory is an evolutionary hypothesis examining the selection of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity and quality of
R/K_selection_theory
Effects of radiological fallout on an ecosystem
explosions. Coniferous trees, which are plentiful in the surrounding landscape, were heavily affected due to their biological sensitivity to radiation
Nuclear fallout effects on an ecosystem
Nuclear_fallout_effects_on_an_ecosystem
Mathematical game of resource allocation
have effect on the stability of the classical Nash equilibrium, in the Evolutionary Stability Strategy sense. A stable Nash equilibrium could turn into a
Kolkata Paise Restaurant Problem
Kolkata_Paise_Restaurant_Problem
Concept in anthropology
icon Cultural identity Cultural industry Cultural invention Cultural landscape Cultural learning Cultural leveling Cultural memory Cultural pluralism
Symbolic_culture
Protein-coding gene in the humans
x. PMC 553933. PMID 3038515. Fort P, Blangy A (June 2017). "The Evolutionary Landscape of Dbl-Like RhoGEF Families: Adapting Eukaryotic Cells to Environmental
MCF2
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
spread from evolutionary biology to other disciplines, including evolutionary computation, quantum Darwinism, evolutionary economics, evolutionary epistemology
Natural_selection
Sarah; Hibberd, Julian M. (2013-09-28). "Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis". eLife. 2 e00961. eLife
Evolutionary history of plants
Evolutionary_history_of_plants
Technique used by bees to release pollen
these flowers are often located below the anthers. This is could be an evolutionary strategy to prevent self-fertilization, also known as selfing, by creating
Buzz_pollination
Fusion of natural selection with Mendelian inheritance
including with social behaviour in E. O. Wilson's sociobiology in 1975, evolutionary developmental biology's integration of embryology with genetics and evolution
Modern synthesis (20th century)
Modern_synthesis_(20th_century)
Protein domain
PMC 3295310. PMID 22331897. Fort P, Blangy A (June 2017). "The Evolutionary Landscape of Dbl-Like RhoGEF Families: Adapting Eukaryotic Cells to Environmental
RhoGEF_domain
"Words Cannot Express" An Unkindness 2010s Alternative Jul 5, 2012 No "Evolutionary Sleeper" Cynic 2000s Metal Jul 12, 2012 Sep 4, 2012 "Faster Than a Bullet"
List of Rock Band Network songs
List_of_Rock_Band_Network_songs
Study of organisms and their environment
Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history. Ecology is a branch
Ecology
set around 2010. In 1986, EDF initiated the REP 2000 project, a new evolutionary phase of reactor models that were expected to be operational between
History of France's civil nuclear program
History_of_France's_civil_nuclear_program
French naturalist and zoologist, founder of paleontology, opponent of evolutionary theory, proponent of the theory of catastrophism, creationist. Augustin
List of people with Huguenot ancestry
List_of_people_with_Huguenot_ancestry
Period in Argentine cinema history
cinema. Like Di Núbila, Mahieu proposed a history of Argentine cinema in evolutionary terms and with a focus on the opposition between the national and the
Golden Age of Argentine cinema
Golden_Age_of_Argentine_cinema
Combination of population genetics and landscape ecology
variety of genetics and ecological journals. Landscape genetics has advanced ecological and evolutionary theory by facilitating an understanding of how
Landscape_genetics
Demographics of people born from the early 2010s to mid 2020s
Shaun; Hirshleifer, David; Komarova, Natalia L. (April 15, 2020). "Evolutionary dynamics of culturally transmitted, fertility-reducing traits". Proceedings
Demographics of Generation Alpha
Demographics_of_Generation_Alpha
Representation of possible genetic sequences
Bornberg-Bauer, E.; Chan, H. S. (14 September 1999). "Modeling evolutionary landscapes: Mutational stability, topology, and superfunnels in sequence space"
Sequence_space_(evolution)
2010 book by Sam Harris
The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values is a 2010 book by Sam Harris, in which he promotes a science of morality and argues that many
The_Moral_Landscape
Field of study
Landscape epidemiology draws some of its roots from the field of landscape ecology. Just as the discipline of landscape ecology is concerned with analyzing
Landscape_epidemiology
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
Covshoff S, Hibberd JM (September 2013). "Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis". eLife. 2 e00961. Bibcode:2013eLife
Photosynthesis
1859 book on evolution by Charles Darwin
naturalist Charles Darwin that is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. It was published on 24 November 1859. Darwin's book introduced
On_the_Origin_of_Species
Species of mammal in Asia
genetically diverged about 250,000 years ago. The red panda's place on the evolutionary tree has been debated, but modern genetic evidence places it in close
Red_panda
Predator at the top of a food chain
management, conservation, and ecotourism. Apex predators have a long evolutionary history, dating at least to the Cambrian period when animals such as
Apex_predator
Scientific projections regarding the far future
physics, which has revealed how matter behaves at the smallest scales; evolutionary biology, which studies how life evolves over time; plate tectonics, which
Timeline_of_the_far_future
Evolutionary biology hypothesis
Evolutionary capacitance is the storage and release of variation, just as electrical capacitors store and release charge. Living systems are robust to
Evolutionary_capacitance
Name list
United States Army general Daniel I. Bolnick (born 1974), American evolutionary biologist Daniel Boloca (born 1998), Italian-Romanian footballer Daniel
List of people with given name Daniel
List_of_people_with_given_name_Daniel
This is a list of topics in evolutionary biology. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z abiogenesis – adaptation – adaptive mutation – adaptive
Index of evolutionary biology articles
Index_of_evolutionary_biology_articles
modernism, the relationship of Freudian thought to historiography, Victorian evolutionary theory, eugenics and social Darwinism, ideas of war and peace, fin-de-siècle
List of British Jewish writers
List_of_British_Jewish_writers
Perennial woody plant with elongated trunk
instance, as those plants which yield lumber. The tree growth habit is an evolutionary adaptation found in different groups of plants: by growing taller, trees
Tree
Subspecies of carnivore
mainly the Serengeti ecosystem, including Maasai Mara, and the Tsavo landscape. A cheetah from British East Africa was described by the American zoologist
East_African_cheetah
Small eight-legged arthropod
reactions Sharma, Prashant P.; Gavish-Regev, Efrat (2025-01-28). "The Evolutionary Biology of Chelicerata". Annual Review of Entomology. 70 (1): 143–163
Mite
Conceptual framework describing predator-stress
C.; Weinstein, S. B.; Young, H. S. (1 August 2018). "Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Parasite Avoidance". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 33
Ecology_of_fear
Species of flowering plant
Australian Native Temperate Grasslands Needs to Occur at Different Scales—From Landscapes to Patches, and From Governments to Individuals". Austral Ecology. 50
Pycnosorus_chrysanthus
Reciprocal relationship between ecology and evolution
the realization that evolutionary changes can be rapid led to the emergence of eco-evolutionary dynamics. The idea that evolutionary processes can occur
Eco-evolutionary_dynamics
Evolutionary process
hominid family of primates, which includes all the great apes. Over their evolutionary history, humans gradually developed traits such as bipedalism, dexterity
Human_evolution
Field of archaeology
analyze archaeological remains from an evolutionary perspective: evolutionary archaeology and behavioral (or evolutionary) ecology. The former assumes that
Evolutionary_archaeology
Genus of birds
Alexandre; Rossetti, Dilce de Fátima (December 2007). "Avian gene trees, landscape evolution, and geology: towards a modern synthesis of Amazonian historical
Hypocnemis
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : variant of Sand 1.Scottish : habitational name from Sands in Tulliallan in Fife.Comfort Sands, a revolutionary patriot born in 1748 at what is now Sands’ Point, Long Island, NY, was descended from James (Sandys) Sands (1622–95), who emigrated from Reading, Berkshire, England, to Plymouth, MA, and followed Anne Hutchinson to Westchester Co., NY, and subsequently RI. In 1661 he settled on Block Island, RI.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old Norse personal name Þorgils, composed of the name of the Norse god of thunder, Þorr + gils ‘hostage’, ‘pledge’. However, the inorganic initial s- is not easily explained; it may be the result of Old French influence.Edward Sturgis of England settled in Charlestown in 1634 and moved to Yarmouth, MA, in 1638. His descendants included a revolutionary war soldier and Cape Cod shipmaster, and a Massachusetts legislator.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Couregeous; Revolutionary; Drifting about; Revolution
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic or metronymic from Eade.The inventor Thomas Alva Edison, born in 1847 in Milan, OH, came from a Canadian family first established in North America by John Edison, a loyalist during the American Revolution, who served under the British General Richard Howe and went into exile in Nova Scotia after the Revolutionary War.
Surname or Lastname
English (also well established in South Wales)
English (also well established in South Wales) : topographic name for someone who lived in a nook or hollow, from Old English and Middle English hale, dative of h(e)alh ‘nook’, ‘hollow’. In northern England the word often has a specialized meaning, denoting a piece of flat alluvial land by the side of a river, typically one deposited in a bend. In southeastern England it often referred to a patch of dry land in a fen. In some cases the surname may be a habitational name from any of the several places in England named with this fossilized inflected form, which would originally have been preceded by a preposition, e.g. in the hale or at the hale.English : from a Middle English personal name derived from either of two Old English bynames, Hæle ‘hero’ or Hægel, which is probably akin to Germanic Hagano ‘hawthorn’ (see Hain 2).Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Céile (see McHale).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Halle.Robert Hale, who settled in Cambridge, MA, in 1632, was an ancestor of the revolutionary war patriot and spy Nathan Hale (1755–76) of CT. The common English surname was brought independently in the 17th century to VA and MD.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the places so called, in southwestern Lancashire (now Merseyside), Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Shropshire, and Devon, all of which are named from Old English prēost ‘priest’ + cot ‘cottage’, ‘dwelling’. The surname is most common in Lancashire, and so it seems likely that the first of these places is the most frequent source. It is also present in Ireland, being recorded there first in the 15th century.John Prescott of Standish, Lancaster, England, arrived in New England in 1640 and in 1643 was one of the first settlers of Lancaster, MA. His descendants include several prominent Americans of the revolutionary war, including Samuel Prescott, born in Concord, MA, in 1751, whose fame lies in completing the midnight ride of warning in 1775 after Paul Revere was captured.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Asight; Landscape; Scene
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : habitational name from any of several places in England and Scotland, variously spelled, that are named with Old English cald ‘cold’ + well(a) ‘spring’, ‘stream’. Caldwell in North Yorkshire is one major source of the surname; Caldwell in Renfrewshire in Scotland another.Several Caldwells emigrated from Scotland to America by way of Ireland in the 18th century. James Caldwell (1734–81), son of settler John Caldwell, was born in Charlotte Co., VA, and was a militant clergyman during the revolutionary war. Andrew Caldwell, a Scottish farmer, emigrated to America in 1718 and started a family in Lancaster Co., PA. His son David was a Presbyterian clergyman and well-known revolutionary war patriot.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps a deliberate alteration of Leatherhead, a habitational name from Leatherhead in Surrey, which is named from Celtic lēd ‘gray’ + rïd ‘ford’, or alternatively a habitational name from Lythwood in Shropshire, which is named from Old English hlið ‘slope’ + wudu ‘wood’.Zachariah Leatherwood, son of John Leatherwood, was born in Prince William Co., VA, about 1735. After the revolutionary war, he settled in Spartanburg Co., SC, with his second wife, Jane Calvert, and many of his fourteen children.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English clǣg ‘clay’, applied as a topographic name for someone who lived in an area of clay soil or as a metonymic occupational name for a worker in a clay pit (see Clayman).Americanized spelling of German Klee.The relatively common English name Clay had several American forebears in the 18th century. Henry Clay, born in Hanover, VA, in 1777, secretary of state for President John Quincy Adams, was descended from English ancestors who came to VA shortly after the founding of Jamestown. The revolutionary war officer Joseph Clay, also a member of the Continental Congress, was a native of Yorkshire, England, who emigrated to GA in 1760 and was a founder of the University of Georgia.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for the servant of a parish priest or parson, or a patronymic denoting the child of a parson, from the possessive case of Middle English persone, parsoun (see Parson).English : many early examples are found with prepositions (e.g. Ralph del Persones 1323); these are habitational names, with the omission of house, hence in effect occupational names for servants employed at the parson’s house.Irish : usually of English origin (see above), but sometimes a reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac an Phearsain, which is of Highland Scottish origin (see McPherson).Members of an Irish family called Parsons wre twice created earl of Rosse, first in 1718 and again in 1806. They settled in Ireland c.1590, when two brothers, William and Laurence Parsons, were granted large estates. Birr Castle, Parsonstown, became the family seat. Samuel Holden Parsons, born Lyme, CT, in 1737 was a Connecticut legislator and revolutionary war officer. Theophilius Parsons (1750–1813) was born in Byfield, MA, and was chief justice of the MA supreme court (1806–13); his son, also Theophilius, was a professor at Harvard Law School (1848–1869).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : topographic name for someone who lived by a bush or hedge of hawthorn (Old English haguþorn, hægþorn, i.e. thorn used for making hedges and enclosures, Old English haga, (ge)hæg), or a habitational name from a place named with this word, such as Hawthorn in County Durham. In Scotland the surname originated in the Durham place name, and from Scotland it was taken to Ireland. This spelling is now found primarily in northern Ireland.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804–64) was a direct descendant of Major William Hathorne, one of the English Puritans who settled in MA in 1630, and whose son John Hathorne was one of the judges in the Salem witchcraft trials. The writer’s father was a sea captain, as was his grandfather, the revolutionary war hero Daniel Hathorne (1731–96). The spelling of the surname was altered by the novelist.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Read 1.An early American bearer of the common British name was George Reed who emigrated from England in 1635 with his son, William, and settled in Woburn, MA, several years later. His grandson James (1722–1807), a revolutionary war soldier who distinguished himself at the battle of Bunker Hill, moved to Fitzwilliam, NH, and was one of the original NH proprietors.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from the personal name (Greek Nikolaos, from nikÄn ‘to conquer’ + laos ‘people’). Forms with -ch- are due to hypercorrection (compare Anthony). The name in various vernacular forms was popular among Christians throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, largely as a result of the fame of a 4th-century Lycian bishop, about whom a large number of legends grew up, and who was venerated in the Orthodox Church as well as the Catholic. In English-speaking countries, this surname is also found as an Americanized form of various Greek surnames such as Papanikolaou ‘(son of) Nicholas the priest’ and patronymics such as Nikolopoulos.The colonial official and revolutionary patriot Robert Carter Nicholas was from a prominent VA family on both sides. His father was a British navy surgeon who emigrated in about 1700 from Lancashire, England, to Williamsburg, VA.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.John Mifflin (born 1640) came to Delaware from Warminster, Wiltshire, England, in the 1670s. He is probably the same person as the John Mifflin, a Quaker, who built his home, ‘Fountain Green’, in Fairmont Park, Philadelphia, in 1679. His fourth-generation descendant Thomas Mifflin (1744–1800) was a member of the Continental Congress, a revolutionary soldier, and governor of PA.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a copse or thicket, Middle English s(c)hage, s(c)hawe (Old English sceaga), or a habitational name from any of the numerous minor places named with this word. The English surname was also established in Ireland in the 17th century.Scottish and Irish : adopted as an English form of any of various Gaelic surnames derived from the personal name Sitheach ‘wolf’.Americanized form of some like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish surname.Chinese : variant of Shao.Early American merchants and revolutionary patriots were Nathaniel Shaw (b. 1735 in New London, CT) and Samuel Shaw (b. 1754 in Boston).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from either of two places, in Hertfordshire and Surrey, called Puttenham, from the genitive case of the Old English byname Putta, meaning ‘kite’ (the bird) + Old English hÄm ‘homestead’.John Putnam emigrated from England to Salem, MA, before 1641, and established a family that was still prominent in Massachusetts four generations later, including the revolutionary war soldier Israel Putnam (1718–90) and his cousin Rufus Putnam (1738–1824), also a soldier, one of the first settlers in OH.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hain 1–3.Isaac Hayne (1745–81) was an American revolutionary militia officer, executed by the British for breaking parole. He owned an ironworks and was manufacturing ammunition for the American forces when he was caught. His grandfather had emigrated from England to SC in about 1700.
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
Boy/Male
English American Latin
Contemporary phonetic'enduring.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Cotter 2.Americanized form of French Gauthier.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Stenson 1.
Male
Italian
Italian form of Greek Orpheus, ORFEO means either "deprived" or "darkness."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
One who Renews / Renovates / Refreshes
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Bird; New Leaf
Male
Italian
Italian form of Latin Sebastianus, SEBASTIANO means "from Sebaste."
Male
Hindi/Indian
(राम) Hindi myth name of a hero of the Ramayana, RAMA means "black, dark" or "darkness." Compare with another form of Rama.
Boy/Male
Armenian, Australian, Greek
Strong
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.German unexplained.
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
EVOLUTIONARY LANDSCAPE
a.
Hasty; momentary; imperfect; brief; as, a transient view of a landscape.
a.
Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
n.
A revolutionist.
n.
A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs of fifty-two cards each; -- said to be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary war.
n.
One of the notes, bills, or bonds, issued as currency by the revolutionary government of France (1790-1796), and based on the security of the lands of the church and of nobles which had been appropriated by the state.
a.
Relating to evolution.
a.
Pertaining to elocution.
n.
A person clothed in buckskin, particularly an American soldier of the Revolutionary war.
n.
The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered.
n.
One of the marauders who, in the Revolutionary War infested the neutral ground between the American and British lines, and committed depredations on the Americans.
a.
Of or pertaining to the Jacobins of France; revolutionary; of the nature of, or characterized by, Jacobinism.
n.
A theory or system of social reform which contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage, the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint-Simonianism, forms of socialism.
a.
Of or pertaining to a revolution in government; tending to, or promoting, revolution; as, revolutionary war; revolutionary measures; revolutionary agitators.
n.
One who desires to maintain existing institutions and customs; also, one who holds moderate opinions in politics; -- opposed to revolutionary or radical.
n.
The designation of a body of Maryland soldiers in the Revolutionary War, distinguished by a rich uniform.
n.
One who governs by terrorism or intimidation; specifically, an agent or partisan of the revolutionary tribunal during the Reign of Terror in France.
n.
Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc.
n.
The state of being in revolution; revolutionary doctrines or principles.
a.
Of or pertaining to the confederated colonies collectively, in the time of the Revolutionary War; as, Continental money.
a.
Pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical.