Search references for EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING. Phrases containing EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
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Theory and philosophy of learning
Experiential learning (ExL) is the process of learning through experience, and is more narrowly defined as "learning through reflection on doing". Hands-on
Experiential_learning
Learning theory
David A. Kolb published his experiential learning theory (ELT) in 1984, inspired by the work of the gestalt psychologist Kurt Lewin, as well as John Dewey
Kolb's_experiential_learning
American educational theorist (born 1939)
educational theorist whose interests and publications focus on experiential learning, the individual and social change, career development, and executive
David_A._Kolb
Evaluating outside-classroom knowledge
APEL (Accrediting Prior Experiential Learning) in the UK, RPL in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, and PLAR (Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition)
Recognition_of_prior_learning
Philosophy of education
the field. John Dewey was the most famous proponent of hands-on learning or experiential education, which was discussed in his book Experience and Education
Experiential_education
College at the University of California, San Diego
different types of experiential learning opportunities including: study abroad programs, study at UCDC, various types of service-learning in the community
Sixth_College
Theory of education advocating a hands-on approach
knowledge. Learning by doing is related to other types of learning such as adventure learning, action learning, cooperative learning, experiential learning, peer
Learning-by-doing
Data and information held by an organization
depends upon how well individuals can apply it, a discipline known as experiential learning or evidence-based practice. In the case of individuals, organizational
Organizational_memory
Private college in Keuka Park, New York, US
Miller and the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt. Keuka's emphasis on experiential learning meant that it had a nursing program combining "academic study in
Keuka_College
Technique of inquiry-based learning
referred to as problem-based learning, experiential learning, and 21st-century learning. It is supported by the work of learning theorists and psychologists
Discovery_learning
Physical setting for a learning environment
or active learning, kinesthetic or physical learning, vocational learning, experiential learning, and others. As the design of a learning space impacts
Learning_space
University in Singapore
Academic Schools, Institute for Adult Learning (IAL), SUSS Academy, College of Interdisciplinary and Experiential Learning and eight Centres. The Patron of
Singapore University of Social Sciences
Singapore_University_of_Social_Sciences
Largely debunked theories that aim to account for differences in individuals' learning
their approach to learning in Kolb's experiential learning model. Peter Honey and Alan Mumford adapted Kolb's experiential learning model. First, they
Learning_styles
Traits enabling a person to be employed
Approach to Develop, for conceptualising student engagement in experiential learning leading to the development of holistic competencies. Unlike academic
Employability
Learning outside the classroom
development if it provides learning experiences in a context in which children are interested and motivated. Various experiential learning theorists[who?] have
Contextual_learning
Framework for teaching and assessment of learning
be used in evaluating achievement. Experiential learning is also an underpinning concept; competency-based learning is learner‑focused and often learner-directed
Competency-based_learning
Pedagogy combining learning objectives with community service
classroom learning to create positive change in the community and often involve community organisations. Service learning combines experiential learning and
Service-learning
Teaching of children from birth to age eight
philosophy is the idea that children learn best through self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. Young children are encouraged
Early_childhood_education
International outdoor education network
international network of outdoor education organisations that provide experiential learning programs for personal and social development through small-group
Outward_Bound
Form of active learning
experience is referred to as constructivism. Dewey's experiential learning pedagogy (that is, learning through experiences) comprises the learner actively
Inquiry-based_learning
Term in education
to be an important form of learning in western schools of law. Hands-on learning, a form of active and experiential learning, predates language and the
Learning_environment
Independent school in Gurgaon, Haryana, India
Heritage Xperiential Learning School is an independent, co-educational experiential learning school based in the Indian district of Gurgaon in the state
Heritage Xperiential Learning School, Gurgaon
Heritage_Xperiential_Learning_School,_Gurgaon
Process of acquiring new knowledge
2012-01-31. J. Scott Armstrong (1979). "The Natural Learning Project". Journal of Experiential Learning and Simulation. 1: 5–12. Archived from the original
Learning
Place for immersive learning, experiential learning or meditation
pronunciation: [doꜜː(d)ʑoː]) is a hall or place for immersive learning, experiential learning, or meditation. This is traditionally in the field of martial
Dojo
Educational philosophy that seeks to develop the whole person
emphasises experiential learning, the integration of multiple forms of knowledge, and the importance of relationships and human values within the learning environment
Holistic_education
Private law school in Chicago, Illinois, US
edu/academics/jd-program/jd-joint-degree https://law.depaul.edu/academics/experiential-learning/legal-clinics "News | About | College of Law | DePaul University
DePaul University College of Law
DePaul_University_College_of_Law
Rehabilitation institute in India
A program of experiential learning was started at the NISH in December 2012 with 17 students participating in an activity-based learning method where
National Institute of Speech and Hearing
National_Institute_of_Speech_and_Hearing
Business school of West Virginia University
and Entrepreneurship Bureau of Business and Economic Research Business Learning Resource Center Bernie Wehrle Global Supply Chain Laboratory Center for
John Chambers College of Business and Economics
John_Chambers_College_of_Business_and_Economics
Law school in Central Islip, New York, US
six law schools in the nation offering innovative clinical and experiential learning opportunities, highlighting the law school's ProBono Uncontested
Touro_Law_Center
Educational technique
Active learning is "a method of learning in which students are actively or experientially involved in the learning process and where there are different
Active_learning
American psychologist
constructive controversy; conflict resolution and peer mediation and experiential learning to teach interpersonal and small group skills. Johnson has developed
David_W._Johnson_(scholar)
Educational approach that combines study and work experience
applied research projects, and service learning. In Canada, WIL is defined by 9 types of experiential learning: (1) Co-op Work Term, (2) Internship, (3)
Work-integrated_learning
Knowledge gained through experience
Experiential knowledge is knowledge gained through experience, as opposed to a priori (before experience) knowledge: it can also be contrasted both with
Experiential_knowledge
Process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, embodied, or realized
educators to describe a recurring passage through a cyclical process of experiential learning, such as the cycle described and popularised by David A. Kolb. Paulo
Praxis_(process)
Law school in San Diego, California, U.S.
California Western School of Law (also known as Cal Western or CWSL) is a private law school in San Diego, California. It is one of two successor organizations
California Western School of Law
California_Western_School_of_Law
Higher learning institution in Vermont, US
administers undergraduate study abroad programs which combine field-based experiential learning with academic research or internship opportunities. SIT is accredited
School for International Training
School_for_International_Training
Law school in Baltimore, Maryland, US
programs that enable students to explore areas of interest through experiential learning and a specialized curriculum. The main specialty areas include:
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
University_of_Maryland_Francis_King_Carey_School_of_Law
Educational philosophy and pedagogy
constructivist self-guided curriculum that uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The programme is based on the
Reggio_Emilia_approach
Organized learning that takes place in the outdoors
and practices of experiential education and environmental education. Outdoor education encompasses a wide range of organized learning activities that take
Outdoor_education
Technique in personality development
A Reconceptualization.” Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning: Proceedings of the Annual ABSEL Conference, https://journals.tdl
Johari_window
Student-centered education
Blended learning Flipped learning M-learning Networked learning Distance education Virtual education Virtual university ANTA (2003). Flexible Learning Business
Flexible_learning
US business innovation firm
motivational speakers. The company described this as a form of experiential learning. In 2014, Besomebody raised $1 Million from media company E. W.
Besomebody
How people learn from experience
the early 1970s, David A. Kolb and Ronald E. Fry developed the experiential learning model (ELM), composed of four elements: Concrete experience Observation
Learning_cycle
Learning theory involving the construction of mental models
the real world. In this sense, constructionism is connected with experiential learning and builds on Jean Piaget's epistemological theory of constructivism
Constructionism (learning theory)
Constructionism_(learning_theory)
Experiential learning method
Roleplay simulation is an experiential learning method in which either amateur or professional roleplayers (also called interactors) improvise with learners
Roleplay_simulation
Type of therapy for teens in the United States
typically combine elements of psychotherapy, group processes, and experiential learning with activities such as hiking, camping, and survival skills. While
Wilderness_therapy
Private school in Duffus, Moray, Scotland
Hahn's ethos emphasises the emotional aspects of Herbartianism and Experiential learning. Hahn established Gordonstoun's ethos during his tenure at Schule
Gordonstoun
Report back and review on a project or mission after completion
whole person. Ernesto Yturralde, experiential trainer and researcher, explains: "In the field of experiential learning methodology, the debriefing is a
Debriefing
Form of learning by problem solving
their thoughts with the world. Challenge-based learning builds on the foundation of experiential learning, leans heavily on the wisdom of a long history
Challenge-based_learning
that connect learners with their traditional territories through experiential learning, culturally relevant teachings, language, and land stewardship.
Land-based_education
Indian social entrepreneur, and educator
The institute emphasises a five-pillar framework: Contextual Learning, Experiential Learning, Transdisciplinary Approach, Community Engagement, and Holistic
Gitanjali_J_Angmo
Law school at Hofstra University
Law offers experiential programs for students to gain hands-on experience. All Hofstra Law students participate in an experiential learning course during
Maurice A. Deane School of Law
Maurice_A._Deane_School_of_Law
Paradigm in machine learning that uses no classification labels
STDP). Hebbian Learning has been hypothesized to underlie a range of cognitive functions, such as pattern recognition and experiential learning. Among neural
Unsupervised_learning
Analysis of facts to form a judgment
Strivens, Janet (July 2000). "Promoting professional knowledge, experiential learning and critical thinking for medical students". Medical Education.
Critical_thinking
Intense feeling of inadequacy and inferior
(2013). The Science of Living. Routledge. pp. 96–97. Kangata, 2017 Experiential Learning Spaces: Hermetic Transformational Leadership for Psychological Safety
Inferiority_complex
Law school in Washington, D.C.
Legal Services offers four legal clinics that offer students hands-on learning. The Columbus Community Legal Services clinics include the General Practice
Columbus_School_of_Law
changed conceptual perspective. Reflective learning is a development of the concept of experiential learning as propounded by John Dewey, who wrote Experience
Reflective_learning
Group of academic disciplines
Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences (HASS) (or Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, AHSS), also known as social studies, is a broad term that groups
Humanities, arts, and social sciences
Humanities,_arts,_and_social_sciences
Education from the Western world
qualities in common: Emphasis on learning by doing – hands-on projects, expeditionary learning, experiential learning Integrated curriculum focused on
Western_education
Public university in Oneonta, New York
summer course and typically last 10 days to three weeks, offering hands-on learning in a student's field of study. Connections with Oneonta alumni through
State University of New York at Oneonta
State_University_of_New_York_at_Oneonta
Computer science department of an American university
facilitating collaborative research projects and providing students with experiential learning opportunities through co-ops and internships. This emphasis on real-world
Khoury College of Computer Sciences
Khoury_College_of_Computer_Sciences
American student-managed investment fund
endowment in the U.S. It's offered as a limited-enrollment year-round experiential learning course to top tier undergraduate students from the Robert H. Smith
Lemma_Senbet_Fund
Open source ERP, CRM and CMS
the original (PDF) on June 13, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2015. "Experiential Learning with an Open-Source Enterprise System". aisel.aisnet.org. Retrieved
Odoo
School of University of the District of Columbia
Texas and elsewhere.[citation needed] However, the heart of UDC Law's experiential program is its legal clinics, and all upper-division students are required
David_A._Clarke_School_of_Law
Educational strategy
Work-based learning (WBL) refers to forms of learning that occur through participation in work and contribution, across formal, non-formal and informal
Work-based_learning
Nepalese Minister of Education and Sports
launching the "Book Free Friday" program to promote project-based and experiential learning. He was also involved in improving school infrastructure and managing
Sasmit_Pokharel
Topic in educational psychology
Kohlberg's theory of moral development, David A. Kolb's theory of experiential learning, and Nevitt Sanford's theory of challenge and support. Student developmental
Student_development_theories
Training process to develop leading abilities
find: Experiential learning: Positioning the individual in the focus of the learning process, going through the four stages of experiential learning as formulated
Leadership_development
Brain training and body movement programme
Conductive education Experiential learning Fast ForWord Kinesthetic learning LearningRx Alternative Therapies for developmental and learning disabilities Sensorimotor
Brain_Gym_International
Pedagogical movement
qualities in common: Emphasis on learning by doing – hands-on projects, expeditionary learning, experiential learning Integrated curriculum focused on
Progressive_education
New company developing a novel, scalable business
entrepreneurial learning and business model design. More precisely, it is a set of design principles aimed for iteratively experiential learning under uncertainty
Startup_company
Private college in Taguig, Philippines
architecture, interior design, and multimedia arts. The college emphasizes experiential learning, international academic collaborations, and industry-based internships
Enderun_Colleges
Public university in Rolla, Missouri, US
center's mission expanded to provide experiential learning in academic courses, identify and support student service learning projects within the curriculum
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Missouri_University_of_Science_and_Technology
Umbrella term for technical disciplines
high-achieving high school students in July. The program focuses on academic learning, particularly in STEAM fields. Scouts Canada has taken similar measures
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics
Private university in Flint, Michigan, US
Kettering University undergraduate students must complete some form of experiential learning for every degree program. Cooperative education begins as early
Kettering_University
The Erfahrungsfeld zur Entfaltung der Sinne (English: Field of experiences for the development of the senses) is an interactive exhibition that stimulates
Erfahrungsfeld zur Entfaltung der Sinne
Erfahrungsfeld_zur_Entfaltung_der_Sinne
Department of services for student success at institutions of higher education
developed the Experiential Learning Model (ELM) and popularized the idea of integrating experiential education with academic programs. As experiential education
Student_affairs
Book by John Dewey
teaching methods that are "static" and not incorporating enough experiential learning, which he notes young learners are more accustomed to. In addition
Experience and Education (book)
Experience_and_Education_(book)
US nonprofit organization
interactive tutorials, free casebooks, and develops software for experiential learning. Over 90% of US law schools are members which provide students with
Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction
Center_for_Computer-Assisted_Legal_Instruction
Educational psychology concept
Transfer of learning occurs when people apply information, strategies, and skills they have learned to a new situation or context. Transfer is not a discrete
Transfer_of_learning
Educational philosophy
place, place-based learning, experiential education, community-based education, environmental education or more rarely, service learning, is an educational
Place-based_education
Private not-for-profit law school in Atlanta, Georgia, USA
included in the GPA calculation) and an average 151 LSAT score. The experiential learning program at AJMLS combines classroom theory with direct experience
Atlanta's John Marshall Law School
Atlanta's_John_Marshall_Law_School
Ability to reflect on one's actions so as to engage in a process of continuous learning
Since the 1970s, there has been growing literature and focus around experiential learning and the development and application of reflective practice.[citation
Reflective_practice
Private university primarily in Boston, Massachusetts, US
classroom studies with experiential learning opportunities, including cooperative education, student research, service learning, and global experience
Northeastern_University
Type of approach to problem solving
Research and Learning in Organizations. Action research Action teaching Chris Argyris § Action science Experiential learning Inquiry-based learning Large-group
Action_learning
Type of interactive training
produced in-house, courses and programmes that are offered externally, experiential learning and coaching / mentorship Those who are responsible for Training
Training_workshop
Public law school in Minneapolis, Minnesota, US
"Judicial Clerkships". 29 December 2016. "Clinics". May 2015. "Experiential Learning". May 2015. "Law School Journals Climb in Key Rankings". 19 April
University of Minnesota Law School
University_of_Minnesota_Law_School
School
through the Changemaker Curriculum, engaging in place- and project-based learning relevant to the countries they travel to. The school is a U.S.-registered
Think_Global_School
Founder, Master's Union
com. Retrieved 2026-04-24. "Inside India's Masters' Union: Can experiential learning be the Indian MBA alternative?". www.forbesindia.com. Retrieved
Pratham_Mittal
Indian-born American data scientist
61 (8): 1902–1920. doi:10.1287/mnsc.2014.2081. S2CID 18907499. "Social Learning in Prosumption: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment". SSRN 3796254
Ravi_Bapna
Outdoor-based early learning approach
related to the broader Forest School model, which extends outdoor, experiential learning principles to older children and young people. A forest kindergarten
Forest_kindergarten
Learning method
2012). "Bringing Life to Learning: Immersive Experiential Learning Simulations for Online and Blended Courses". Online Learning. 16 (5). doi:10.24059/olj
Immersive_learning
Law school in Morgantown, West Virginia, US
West Virginia University College of Law is the law school of West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia, United States. The law school was established
West Virginia University College of Law
West_Virginia_University_College_of_Law
Learning by physical activities
to tactile learners in that they like hands-on experiential learning. They excel in concrete learning such as on-the-job training, work experience, internships
Kinesthetic_learning
Teaching method
teaching. This theory might be contrasted with open learning, also known as experiential learning, in which people can learn by themselves, in an unstructured
Didactic_method
Global business school
creators enrolling in its programs. Entrepreneurship education Experiential learning List of business schools in Asia List of international schools Thakur
Tetr_College_of_Business
Dual-process model of perception
applied to both the rational and experiential systems. The intuitive-experiential system is a preconscious learning system that humans likely share with
Cognitive-experiential self-theory
Cognitive-experiential_self-theory
Training exercise in the fictional Star Trek universe
Chelsea (October 2016). "The 'Kobayashi Maru' Meeting: High-Fidelity Experiential Learning". Journal of Management Education. 40 (5): 619–647. doi:10.1177/1052562916644284
Kobayashi_Maru
Type of individual or organizational learning
Just-in-time teaching Experiential learning Riel, Margaret (May 24–26, 1998). "Education in the 21st Century: Just-in-Time Learning or Learning Communities".
Just-in-time_learning
Alternative school applying democratic education
alternative school that meets the following criteria: Classes are voluntary. Learning is self-directed and takes place without a curriculum. The school is run
Democratic_school
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sarasvati | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯€
A Goddess of learning
Sarasvati | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯€
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vidhyavathi | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€
Wisdom, Knowledge, Learning, Goddess Durga
Vidhyavathi | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€
Boy/Male
Tamil
Vidyasagar | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸à®¾à®•à®°Â
Ocean of learning
Vidyasagar | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸à®¾à®•à®°Â
Surname or Lastname
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát)
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát) : from a medieval personal name (Latin Donatus, past participle of donare, frequentative of dare ‘to give’). The name was much favored by early Christians, either because the birth of a child was seen as a gift from God, or else because the child was in turn dedicated to God. The name was borne by various early saints, among them a 6th-century hermit of Sisteron and a 7th-century bishop of Besançon, all of whom contributed to the popularity of the baptismal name in the Middle Ages, which was not checked by the heresy of a 4th-century Carthaginian bishop who also bore it. Another bearer was a 4th-century gramMarian and commentator on Virgil, widely respected in the Middle Ages as a figure of great learning.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess of learning, Saraswati
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vaagdevi | வாகà¯à®¤à¯‡à®µà¯€
Goddess of learning, Saraswati
Vaagdevi | வாகà¯à®¤à¯‡à®µà¯€
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vidhya | விதà¯à®¯à®¾,விதà¯à®¯à®¾Â
Knowledge, Learning
Vidhya | விதà¯à®¯à®¾,விதà¯à®¯à®¾Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess of learning, Saraswati
Boy/Male
Muslim
Excellent, Eminent in learning
Girl/Female
Tamil
Vidyasri | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸à®°à¯€
Wisdom, Knowledge, Learning, Goddess Durga
Vidyasri | விதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¸à®°à¯€
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess of learning, Saraswati
Girl/Female
Sikh
Knowledge, Learning
Girl/Female
Tamil
Saraswati | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯€
Goddess Saraswati, Tamil Goddess for education, Goddess of learning
Saraswati | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¤à¯€
Girl/Female
Tamil
Saraswathy | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€ Â
Goddess Saraswati, Tamil Goddess for education, Goddess of learning
Saraswathy | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€ Â
Boy/Male
Indian
Excellent, Eminent in learning
Girl/Female
Tamil
Saraswathi | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€Â
Goddess Saraswati, Tamil Goddess for education, Goddess of learning
Saraswathi | ஸரஸà¯à®µà®¾à®¤à¯€Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess of learning, Goddess Saraswati
Boy/Male
Muslim
Excellent, Eminent in learning (1)
Boy/Male
Tamil
Vidaysagar | விதாயà¯à®¸à®¾à®•à®°
Learning ocean
Vidaysagar | விதாயà¯à®¸à®¾à®•à®°
Girl/Female
Tamil
Learning
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
One with Strong Arms
Boy/Male
German, Hebrew
Bringer of Light; Farmer
Girl/Female
American, British, English, Greek
Anointed; Follower of Christ; Anointed Christian
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Soul a flower, who touches the heart
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
A Field
Male
Dutch
, name.
Boy/Male
Tamil
To enter
Girl/Female
Swedish
Pearl.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Very Beautiful
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Victorious
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
n.
An act of knowledge, one or more, by which single facts or general truths are ascertained; experimental or inductive knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or practical wisdom gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action; as, a king without experience of war.
a.
Fitted for trail or test; experimental; tentative; treating of attempts.
v. t.
To furnish or give experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to know; to make familiar; -- followed by with.
n.
The knowledge or skill received by instruction or study; acquired knowledge or ideas in any branch of science or literature; erudition; literature; science; as, he is a man of great learning.
n.
A beginner in learning; one who is in the rudiments of any branch of study; a person imperfectly acquainted with a subject; a novice.
a.
Not exhibiting learning; as, unlearned verses.
a.
Of or pertaining to a trial or trials; essaying; experimental.
a.
Derived from, or pertaining to, experience.
a.
Pertaining to experiment; founded on, or derived from, experiment or trial; as, experimental science; given to, or skilled in, experiment; as, an experimental philosopher.
a.
Experimental; of the nature of experiment.
a.
Fitted for trial beforehand; experimental.
n.
Absence or want of experience; lack of personal and experimental knowledge; as, the inexperience of youth.
a.
Known by, or derived from, experience; as, experimental religion.
v. t.
To be without; to be destitute of, or deficient in; not to have; to lack; as, to want knowledge; to want judgment; to want learning; to want food and clothing.
a.
Being without; destitute; free; wanting; devoid; as, void of learning, or of common use.
n.
An institution organized and incorporated for the purpose of imparting instruction, examining students, and otherwise promoting education in the higher branches of literature, science, art, etc., empowered to confer degrees in the several arts and faculties, as in theology, law, medicine, music, etc. A university may exist without having any college connected with it, or it may consist of but one college, or it may comprise an assemblage of colleges established in any place, with professors for instructing students in the sciences and other branches of learning.
n.
Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.
n.
The acquisition of knowledge or skill; as, the learning of languages; the learning of telegraphy.
n.
Hence: A full collection or set of implements, or utensils, for a given duty, experimental or operative; any complex instrument or appliance, mechanical or chemical, for a specific action or operation; machinery; mechanism.