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Temporary structure to support permanent structure during construction
Falsework consists of temporary structures used in construction to support a permanent structure until its construction is sufficiently advanced to support
Falsework
1972 English construction disaster
0.898306°W / 51.439111; -0.898306 The Loddon Viaduct collapse was a falsework collapse during construction of a reinforced concrete deck on the Loddon
Loddon_Viaduct_collapse
Molds for cast
precast or cast-in-place. In the context of concrete construction, the falsework supports the shuttering molds. In specialty applications formwork may
Formwork
Bridge built using cantilevers
easily constructed at difficult crossings by virtue of using little or no falsework. Engineers in the 19th century understood that a bridge continuous across
Cantilever_bridge
Bridge with arch-shaped supports
compression, so far as possible. Each arch is constructed over a temporary falsework frame, known as a centring. In the first compression arch bridges, a keystone
Arch_bridge
Seismic stabilization megaproject in California (2002–2013)
to ensure column survival. Falsework fabrication: Metalworkers fabricate a falsework section from pipe and beams. Falsework erection: A section is lifted
Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
Eastern_span_replacement_of_the_San_Francisco–Oakland_Bay_Bridge
Type of bridge
suspension bridge types, this type often is constructed without the use of falsework. The suspension cables must be anchored at each end of the bridge, since
Suspension_bridge
Bridge of short spans supported by rigid frames
shallows. Span range Short Material Timber, iron, steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required No
Trestle_bridge
Type of falsework
Centring, centre, centering, or center is a type of falsework: the temporary structure upon which the stones of an arch or vault are laid during construction
Centring
Moveable bridge type
double-leaf fixed-trunnion bascule bridge Span range Short Material Steel Movable Yes Design effort Medium Falsework required Site and prefabrication specific
Bascule_bridge
Canadian indie and dream pop band
Galaxy Re-Team with Dan Lissvik for 'Falsework'". exclaim.ca. Retrieved August 4, 2015. "Young Galaxy - Falsework". Discogs. October 30, 2015. Retrieved
Young_Galaxy
Type of bridge
2000. If made of concrete, box girder bridges may be cast in place using falsework supports, removed after completion, or in sections if a segmental bridge
Box_girder_bridge
The Gagarin Street Bridge [ru] in Arkhangelsk, Russia. Construction falsework on left; force schematic on right Elevation and plan view of single-tower
Self-anchored suspension bridge
Self-anchored_suspension_bridge
Structure meant to span obstacles, assembled one piece at a time
"slip-form" construction, where the falsework moves (slips) upward following sequential concrete "pours." The falsework uses the newly constructed concrete
Segmental_bridge
Beam anchored at only one end
act as a cantilever. This is very helpful when temporary supports, or falsework, cannot be used to support the structure while it is being built (e.g
Cantilever
Wooden bridge with protective cover
with iron fittings and iron rods in tension Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required Determined by enclosed bridge structure, site conditions, and
Covered_bridge
Multiple-span bridge crossing an extended lower area
concrete, prestressed concrete, masonry Movable No Design effort medium Falsework required available for use, since viaducts are all composed of low bridges
Viaduct
and support the incoming beam. Falsework consists of temporary structures used to support a permanent structure. Falsework need to have accurate calculation
List_of_construction_methods
Type of bridge
built. Punta del Este, Uruguay Span range Medium Material Steel rope, concrete or treated woods Movable No Design effort Medium Falsework required No
Stressed_ribbon_bridge
Temporary timber framework used in arch and bridge construction
Centering is a form of falsework—temporary timber framework used to support the stones or bricks of an arch or vault until the structure becomes self-supporting
Centering_(masonry)
Service industry providing temporary tools
as formwork, panels used to hold concrete in place until it sets, and falsework, which is propping to hold a concrete structure until it sets. Groundworks
Equipment_rental
Highway bridge on the Big Sur Coast of California
high winds. Some of the falsework timbers were 10 by 10 inches (250 mm × 250 mm). It took two months to construct the falsework alone. When high waves
Bixby_Bridge
Skilled trade
Cooper, a barrel maker. Formwork carpenter creates the shuttering and falsework used in concrete construction, and reshores as necessary. Framer is a
Carpentry
Shallow section of river or stream
(natural, preexisting), but sometimes supplemented with concrete or asphalt for vehicles. Movable No Design effort None or low Falsework required No
Ford_(crossing)
Steel-truss bridge across Burrard Inlet in British Columbia, Canada
at the base of the falsework, holding the newly built fifth anchor span, was deemed insufficient to bear the weight. The falsework plans were drawn by
Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing
Ironworkers_Memorial_Second_Narrows_Crossing
Bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss
construction, one outboard half of each balanced truss is built upon temporary falsework. When the outboard halves are completed and anchored the inboard halves
Truss_bridge
Type of movable bridge
vehicular and shipping traffic Span range Short Material Steel Movable Yes Design effort Medium Falsework required Depends upon degree of prefabrication
Vertical-lift_bridge
Type of portable truss bridge
de Cilaos (N5), La Réunion, directly north of Ilet Furcy. Span range Short Material Timber, steel Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required None
Bailey_bridge
Type of bridge with cables directly from towers to deck
suspension bridge, the self-anchored suspension bridge must be supported by falsework during construction and so it is more expensive to construct. Arthur Ravenel
Cable-stayed_bridge
British engineer
Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Falsework that published its Final Report of the Advisory Committee on Falsework in June 1975. In 1951 he married Maureen
Stephen_Bragg
Structure built to span physical obstacles
structure known as falsework or centering to support the arch while it is built. Some steel arch bridges are constructed with falsework, but others use cantilevering
Bridge
Class of building block
it could be constructed faster, was lighter, and required simpler flat falsework than earlier brick vaulting construction. Each unit is generally made
Structural_clay_tile
Steel deck arch bridge near Taos, New Mexico, U.S.
cantilever construction, building out away from the pier on both sides. Falsework, a support structure halfway between the pier and the east abutment, was
Rio_Grande_Gorge_Bridge
Type of pedestrian bridge
A Zig-zag bridge at the National Palace Museum in Taipei Span range Short Material Post and plank Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required No
Zig-zag_bridge
Bridge which can slide open
Retractable bridge Vindbron (Ultunabron) in Uppsala (retracted) Span range Short Material Steel Movable Yes Design effort Medium Falsework required No
Retractable_bridge
Route raised up on an embankment
over 100 million annual international border crossings. Material Concrete, Masonry, Earth-fill Movable No Design effort medium Falsework required No
Causeway
Moveable bridge capable of folding to allow passage of watercraft
Folding bridge Hörnbrücke in Kiel Span range Short Material Steel Movable Yes Design effort High Falsework required No
Folding_bridge
Type of cable-stayed bridge
Puente del Alamillo Span range Short to Medium Material Steel, prestressed concrete Movable One example can swing Design effort High Falsework required No
Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge
Cantilever_spar_cable-stayed_bridge
Pedestrian bridge that crosses the Ohio River at Louisville, Kentucky
when a construction crane was dislodged by a severe wind, causing the falsework support of a truss to be damaged and the truss—with forty-one workers
Big_Four_Bridge
Bridge in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
western spans, which were mostly finished by August 1966. Meanwhile, wooden falsework was used to support the less complete eastern spans still being built
Heron Road Workers Memorial Bridge
Heron_Road_Workers_Memorial_Bridge
Rectangular-trussed bridge design
type was known [1] (demolished Nov. 11-19th 2009) Design effort High Falsework required Depends upon length, materials, and degree of prefabrication
Vierendeel_bridge
Bridge made of prestressed concrete
cast on falsework, but in some cases it can also be put in place by launching. Long structures can be built in phases, reusing the falsework and formwork
Prestressed_concrete_bridge
Process of writing a self-compiling compiler
Self-interpreter Indirect self-modification Tombstone diagram Metacompiler Falsework Reynolds, John H. (December 2003). "Bootstrapping a self-compiling compiler
Bootstrapping_(compilers)
1876 railroad bridge collapse in Ohio
bridge's lower chord to have a camber of 6 inches (150 mm). When the falsework supporting the bridge was removed and the dead load of the bridge came
Ashtabula River railroad disaster
Ashtabula_River_railroad_disaster
Three paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
the clouds Sillouetted bricklayers at the top level A crane Vault with falsework List of paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder Tower of Babel Tower of
The_Tower_of_Babel_(Bruegel)
Type of floating bridge
floats, appropriate decking material Movable Generally not, but may have movable sections for watercraft passage Design effort low Falsework required No
Pontoon_bridge
Type of truss bridge
medium Material wood planks and beams or steel angles and beams, appropriate decking material Movable No Design effort medium Falsework required Sometimes
Lattice_truss_bridge
Set of stones used for crossing water
water flow and a comfortable step or leap Material Selected stone Movable No Design effort Low-rustic to Artisan applied art design Falsework required No
Stepping_stones
Temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials
a DIN standard which covers the analysis, design and construction of falsework 29 CFR Part 1926: Safety Standards for Scaffolds Used in the Construction
Scaffolding
Traditional Peruvian suspension bridge
Span range Short Material Grass or other fiber rope, appropriate decking material Movable No Design effort Advanced for its time Falsework required No
Inca_rope_bridge
Bridge in south-central Alaska
Piles for the trestle bents, piers and abutments had been driven and the falsework for the steel span had been started from the north end before the track
Susitna_River_Bridge
Central vertical post used in architectural or bridge designs
Schöllenen Gorge shows multiple king posts suspended from the apex of the falsework upon which the masonry arch has been laid. In this example, beams in compression
King_post
Bridge in Saint Paul, Minnesota
segmental box girder bridge provided a construction advantage because no falsework needed to be built beneath the bridge. The bridge opened to traffic in
Wabasha_Street_Bridge
Cantilever bridge in New York City
was finished, the falsework was moved to Manhattan and Queens, and the westernmost and easternmost spans were built atop the falsework. At that point, the
Queensboro_Bridge
Bridge in Lycia, Turkey
hollow forms of round construction timber of the Roman scaffolding and falsework. In the third pier, which stands closest to the river bed, a small, arched
Bridge_near_Kemer
Bridge in St. Louis County and St. Charles County in Missouri, U.S.
fabricated by Stupp Brothers and erected approximately 500' downstream on falsework and floated into their final position after their transfer to barges.
Discovery_Bridge_(Missouri)
Bridge in North Bend, Oregon
stabilize the bridge. The concrete arch sections were erected using timber falsework. The bridge opened in June 1936. When the bridge was completed in 1936
Conde McCullough Memorial Bridge
Conde_McCullough_Memorial_Bridge
2013 studio album by Young Galaxy
Synthpop Balearic beat Length 39:51 Label Paper Bag Producer Dan Lissvik Young Galaxy chronology Shapeshifting (2011) Ultramarine (2013) Falsework (2015)
Ultramarine_(album)
Type of bridge
Plate Girder Bridge Wooden deck type Span range Short Material Iron, steel Movable No Design effort low Falsework required No
Plate_girder_bridge
Bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
amount of large stones, for greater shear strength) were poured into the falsework, which had been built from steel bents 20 feet (6.1 m) high and 370,000
Walnut_Lane_Bridge
Bridge in New York City
was a navigable waterway, and the arch could not be constructed using falsework. Consequently, massive temporary backstays were built behind both of the
Hell_Gate_Bridge
Supporting a structure using props
Concrete-structure and stone-building shoring, in these cases also referred to as falsework, provides temporary support until the concrete becomes hard and achieves
Shoring
Truss bridge structure
bridge that uses a queen-post structure Span range short to medium Material wood planks Movable No Design effort medium Falsework required Sometimes
Queen_post
Type of truss
off-site and transported by rail to the intended location. Some sort of falsework, usually in the form of a trestle, is required to erect the bridge. The
Howe_truss
Town in Essex, England
Heavy industry arrived after the Second World War. Acrows Ltd, makers of falsework, built premises to the east of the town and became a significant employer
Saffron_Walden
Bridge that rotates horizontally around a vertical axis
Swing bridge Span range Short Material Steel Movable Yes Design effort Medium Falsework required No
Swing_bridge
Complex of two bridges spanning San Francisco Bay
installed in two halves. One side of each half rested on a temporary falsework erected in the middle of the lower deck, and the other side rested on
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
San_Francisco–Oakland_Bay_Bridge
Road bridge in Senegal
General view of Faidherbe Bridge Span range 507.35 m (1,664.5 ft) Material Metal Movable yes Design effort Nouguier, Kessler et Cie Falsework required No
Faidherbe_Bridge
Bridge in Saint Petersburg, Russia
footings were strengthened by installing a reinforced concrete coating using falsework plates and underwater concreting. Additionally, the adjoining metal overpass
Finland_Railway_Bridge
Railroad bridge in Turkey
erecting the masonry pillars, the arches were built over a temporary falsework steel frame, which was placed on the pillars. The viaduct, which spans
Varda_Viaduct
Special-purpose mobile gantry crane
either case, the launching gantry girders and hangers essentially serve as falsework prior to tensioning. Once the bridge span between adjacent piers is completed
Launching_gantry
Second Abidjan Bridge On the Bridge Span range 592 m Material Precast prestressed concrete Movable no Design effort Boussiron Falsework required No
Second_Abidjan_Bridge
Concrete with rebar
concrete Concrete cover Concrete slab Corrosion engineering Cover meter Falsework Ferrocement Formwork Henri de Miffonis Interfacial transition zone Precast
Reinforced_concrete
Bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota
the concrete as it is built out from the piers. This avoided the use of falsework and avoided impeding river traffic. The concrete is also engineered to
Plymouth_Avenue_Bridge
Bridge formed by large flat slabs of stone
Clapper Bridge Tarr Steps, Exmoor, Somerset, England Span range Short Material Stone Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required No
Clapper_bridge
Architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam
are built from coarsely cut limestone slabs, without using supporting falsework, which were connected by gypsum mortar. Later-period vaults were erected
Islamic_architecture
Former bridge in Manila, Philippines
abutments were practically completed and erection of iron work begun. The falsework for the first span was in position, and with the exception of the erecting
Santa_Cruz_Bridge
Commercial building in Chicago, Illinois
protest Fuller Construction's refusal to hire carpenters for the building's falsework; the strike ended after two weeks. The southern section opened on October
Sullivan_Center
Bridge in Lanesboro, Pennsylvania
per day, equal to $37.21 today, to complete the bridge in a year. The falsework for the bridge required more than half a million feet of cord and hewn
Starrucca_Viaduct
Bridge in modern-day Turkey
differences however could point to the repeated use of differently-sized falsework structures in the construction of the barrel vaults (see animation below)
Bridge_near_Limyra
Town in British Columbia, Canada
November 1909, the northwestward advance of the VV&E rail head crossed the falsework of the Similkameen rail bridge and entered Princeton. In July 1911, tracklaying
Princeton,_British_Columbia
Curved structure that spans a space and may support a load
supported on temporary timber or framed work called centering (a form of falsework), which follows the intrados profile of the arch. For arches higher than
Arch
Bridge in Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
scaffold‑free construction technique, which did not require temporary falsework or welding in place, was employed for the first time in Novosibirsk. The
Novosibirsk_Rail_Bridge
Bridge in Connecticut, United States
the water from the Hartford side, fell as a result of movement in the falsework, the temporary steel and wood structure used to support the bridge girders
Charter_Oak_Bridge
Bridge in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
a diagonal to enable erection by a balanced cantilever. This avoided falsework in the river. Named for the Pittsburgh Pirates baseball player Roberto
Roberto_Clemente_Bridge
Pedestrian bridge in Norway
6 hours per block. Falsework was used to temporarily support the blocks during construction of the scale model. After the falsework was removed, the model
Vebjørn_Sand_Da_Vinci_Project
Bridge in Wabasha, Minnesota
was constructed in a unique way: the 470-foot truss span was built on falsework on two barges out of the current and the main river channel. When the
Wabasha–Nelson_Bridge
Road and railroad bridge in Louisiana, U.S.
of the span was individually placed. In order to minimize the use of falsework and river closures in the navigation or auxiliary channels, the three
Huey P. Long Bridge (Jefferson Parish)
Huey_P._Long_Bridge_(Jefferson_Parish)
Floating derrick barge
arrived at the Bay Area in March 2009, it was used to place pre-fabricated falsework truss sections and the 28 box girder deck sections. Before the heavy deck
Left_Coast_Lifter
Type of bridge
range short to medium Material Rope (fiber), chain, steel wire rope; appropriate decking material Movable No Design effort low Falsework required No
Simple_suspension_bridge
Type of bridge
steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required No unless cast-in-place reinforced concrete is used
Beam_bridge
Bridge built of girders placed on bridge abutments and foundation piers
while the bottom is a concrete girder bridge. Span range Short, Medium Material Iron, wood, concrete Movable No Design effort Low Falsework required No
Girder_bridge
Structural engineering discipline
construction depends on the material: for concrete arch, a temporary a falsework forms. Steel arches use the cantilevering method and build each side of
Bridge_design
Bridge in Perai, Butterworth Outer Ring Road
use of an overhead launching gantry and, for some spans, a heavy duty falsework support system. The dual three lane approaches on either side of the main
Prai_River_Bridge
practice for temporary works procedures and the permissible stress design of falsework BS 5993 Specification for cricket balls BS 6008 for preparation of a liquor
List_of_British_Standards
High-rise building in Madrid
support platform or falsework. By constructing the lower phase first, the upper half could be placed on top of it, since the falsework did not have sufficient
Torres_de_Colón
Suspension bridge in New York City
the next month slowed progress on the anchorages briefly. By late 1899, falsework was being installed in advance of the suspension towers' construction
Williamsburg_Bridge
Bridge in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota
service. Unfortunately, an accident ended up delaying construction. The falsework for one of the arches collapsed on April 24, 1990, causing the arch itself
Lake_Street-Marshall_Bridge
Railway line in New Zealand
revision of the Ministry of Works and Development's Code of Practice for Falsework and Formwork. The line then runs along the eastern river terrace for about
Mangaweka_deviation
0 killed, 1 injured Partial collapse Northbound lanes shored up with falsework and reopened 3 days later; temporary bridge installed to carry southbound
List_of_bridge_failures
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance