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Animal adapted to digging and living underground
A fossorial animal (from Latin fossor 'digger') is one that is adapted to digging and which lives primarily (but not solely) underground. Examples of
Fossorial
Family of rodents
The Spalacidae, or spalacids, are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. They are native to eastern Asia, the Horn of Africa
Spalacidae
Species of rodent
The broad-headed spiny rat (Clyomys laticeps) is a spiny rat species from Brazil and Paraguay. The etymology of the species name is the Latin word laticeps
Broad-headed_spiny_rat
Class of animals with milk-producing glands
subterranean, and those with limited adaptations to a fossorial lifestyle sub-fossorial. Some organisms are fossorial to aid in temperature regulation while others
Mammal
Species of rodent
The fossorial giant rat (Gyldenstolpia fronto) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Argentina and Brazil but was determined
Fossorial_giant_rat
Animal species belonging to Tenrecidae family
The mole-like rice tenrec (Oryzorictes hova), also known as the fossorial tenrec or hova rice tenrec, is a species of mammal in the tenrec family. Like
Mole-like_rice_tenrec
Species of reptile
Scelotes uluguruensis, the Uluguru fossorial skink, is a species of lizard which is endemic to Tanzania. Scelotes uluguruensis at the Reptarium.cz Reptile
Scelotes_uluguruensis
Family of snakes
oral aperture. All species in the family Typhlopidae are fossorial and feed on social fossorial invertebrates such as termites and ants. The tracheal lung
Typhlopidae
Species of snake
Xenodon pulcher is a species of fossorial, mildly venomous snake in the subfamily Dipsadinae of the family Colubridae. The species is native to southern
Xenodon_pulcher
Species of snake found in the eastern US
mountain kingsnakes of the southwestern United States. These largely fossorial snakes are the smallest of all the species within the genus Lampropeltis
Scarlet_kingsnake
Genus of drepanosaurid reptiles
more fossorial species. Based on the morphology of the claws, Unguinychus appears to be most similar to Skybalonyx, another possibly fossorial drepanosaur
Unguinychus
Species of mammal
Townsend's mole (Scapanus townsendii) is a fossorial mammal in the family Talpidae, and is the largest North American mole. It was named after the American
Townsend's_mole
Species of snake
been introduced in many other parts of the world. It is a completely fossorial (i.e., burrowing) reptile, with habits and appearance similar to an earthworm
Indotyphlops_braminus
Genus of marsupials
interior. They are small burrowing marsupials that anatomically converge on fossorial placental mammals, such as extant golden moles (Chrysochloridae) and extinct
Marsupial_mole
Species of snake
Gervais's worm snake and the Philippine dwarf snake, is a species of small fossorial snake in the subfamily Calamariinae of the family Colubridae. The species
Calamaria_gervaisii
Subfamily of mammals
Chlamyphoridae. Members of this subfamily, the fairy armadillos, are largely fossorial and have reduced eyes and robust forearms with large claws for digging
Chlamyphorinae
Genus of fishes
native to Asia. They live in various freshwater habitats and some have a fossorial lifestyle. Four recognized species are placed in this genus: M. albus
Monopterus
Genus of fishes
Asia. They live in freshwater or subterranean habitats, and some have a fossorial lifestyle. All species in this genus were formerly classified in Monopterus
Ophichthys
Extinct clade of mammals
the clade Pholidotamorpha. They were insectivorous (myrmecophagous), fossorial or semifossorial, and lived from the middle Paleocene to early Oligocene
Palaeanodonta
Diverse clade of specialized reptiles
Oryctodromeus, some ornithischian species seem to have led a partially fossorial (burrowing) lifestyle. Many modern birds are arboreal (tree climbing)
Dinosaur
Family of rodents
ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terrestrial to fossorial to semiaquatic habits. They presently exist mainly in South America; three
Echimyidae
Species of snake
commonly known as the slender burrowing asp or mole viper, is a species of fossorial, venomous snake in the family Atractaspididae. The specific epithet, aterrima
Atractaspis_aterrima
Family of snakes
snakes found in North America, South America, Africa and Asia. All are fossorial and adapted to burrowing, feeding on ants and termites. Two subfamilies
Leptotyphlopidae
Family of amphibians
different species. The American spadefoot toads are of typical shape to most fossorial (or burrowing) frogs. They are round, with short legs and protruding eyes
American_spadefoot_toad
Extinct genus of reptiles
semierect, unlike the fully erect posture of most other notosuchians. A fossorial, or burrowing, lifestyle for Simosuchus has been suggested in its initial
Simosuchus
Dalophia angolensis ~20 cm (7.9 in) Least Concern Endemic to Angola; fossorial, inhabiting sandy or loose soil habitats in savannahs and dry grasslands
List_of_reptiles_of_Angola
Infraorder of snakes
range in length from 10 to 100 centimeters (4 to 40 inches). All are fossorial (adapted for burrowing). Five families and 39 genera are recognized. The
Scolecophidia
Genus of amphibians
for the genus. Because of their fossorial life style, their natural history is poorly known. Synapturanus are fossorial and mostly nocturnal tropical rainforest
Synapturanus
Species of wasp
Myrmosa atra is a Palearctic species of myrmosid, a kleptoparasite in fossorial bee nests. BWARS Edward Saunders 1896, The Hymenoptera Aculeata of the
Myrmosa_atra
Tribe of rodents
species are distinguishable from most other voles in that they are highly fossorial, resembling the blesmols and spalacids more than other voles. The long-clawed
Ellobiusini
Species of amphibian
species breeds in temporary ponds. Outside the breeding season, it is fossorial, and little is known about its habitat. It is assumed live in dry savannah
Calabresi's_bullfrog
trap contaminant particles. The terms hypogean and hypogeic are used for fossorial (burrowing) and troglobitic (or stygobitic) cave-living organisms. The
Hypogeal
Subspecies of snake
can be abundant in parts of its range, it is rarely seen because of its fossorial lifestyle. When not underground, C. a. amoenus resides mostly under rocks
Eastern_worm_snake
Species of rodent
hind feet, with tails extended and the body almost horizontal. As semi-fossorial, burrowing surface foragers, the tiny hopping mice spend a great deal
Spinifex_hopping_mouse
Extinct genus of rodents
Other extinct beavers, including the better-known Palaeocastor, were also fossorial (digging), but Migmacastor may have become a burrower independently. Korth
Migmacastor
Genus of rodents
been found in a wide variety of habitats, from coastal to montane. It is fossorial and lives in colonies. Coruros are robust rodents with large heads, short
Coruro
Extinct clade of reptiles
(tree-dwelling), and probably insectivores. Some studies have alternately suggested fossorial (digging) and aquatic lifestyles for some members. Fossils of drepanosaurs
Drepanosauromorpha
Family of amphisbaenians
external hind limbs and are the only amphisbaenians with well-developed fossorial front limbs, which each include five claws. They have a short tail that
Bipedidae
Species of lizard
Amphisbaena. The ecology of A. fuliginosa is poorly known due to its fossorial habits. However, this species can be easily distinguished from others
Amphisbaena_fuliginosa
Plant with low spreading growth
herbaceous layer, and provides habitats and concealments for (especially fossorial) terrestrial fauna. The most widespread ground covers are grasses of various
Groundcover
Subfamily of rodents
The blind mole-rats, also known as the fossorial or subterranean mole rats, are a subfamily (Spalacinae) of rodents in the family Spalacidae, found in
Blind_mole-rat
Genus of thescelosaurid dinosaurs
closely related and similarly aged Oryctodromeus, Fona was likely a semi-fossorial animal, likely spending a significant amount of time in underground burrows
Fona
Genus of snakes
mudsnake, or rough-backed litter snake, is a small, non-venomous, semi-fossorial snake species belonging to the monotypic genus Xenodermus. This species
Xenodermus
Species of spider
"whistling" sound when disturbed or threatened. This species is largely fossorial, living in burrows deep underground, however males are sometimes encountered
Selenocosmia_stirlingi
Species of rodent
North America, from Manitoba to Texas. Pocket gophers are the most highly fossorial rodents found in North America. Plains pocket gophers are found throughout
Plains_pocket_gopher
Family of small mammals
opossums, rats, or mice. They occupy aquatic, arboreal, terrestrial, and fossorial environments. Some of these species, including the greater hedgehog tenrec
Tenrec
Species of rodent
tropical and subtropical forest types and wet grassland habitat. It is fossorial, seeking shelter by digging burrows. It is nocturnal. This species is
Mayor's_mouse
Extinct family of mammals
Colorado, where it was discovered. The suffix "fossor" indicates the fossorial, or digging, specialization of the forelimbs. The specific epithet, windscheffeli
Fruitafossor
Species of snake
diet consists of small ants and ant larvae. Xerotyphlops syriacus is a fossorial snake. "Xerotyphlops syriacus". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 2024-08-07
Xerotyphlops_syriacus
Genus of drepanosauromorph reptiles
contemporary drepanosauromorph Ancistronychus, and indicate it likely had a fossorial ecology, meaning it was well-adapted to digging. The Fabanychus fossil
Fabanychus
Species of amphibian
morphology of its snout, which is well adapted to the acquisition of fossorial termites. The body of Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis appears robust and
Purple_frog
Extinct order of amphibians
Lysorophia is an order of fossorial Carboniferous and Permian tetrapods within the Recumbirostra. Lysorophians resembled small snakes, as their bodies
Lysorophia
Members of the insect family Gryllotalpidae
(grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets). Mole crickets are cylindrical-bodied, fossorial insects about 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) long as adults, with small eyes and
Mole_cricket
Species of lizard
sandslider, is a species of skink. It is endemic to Western Australia. It is a fossorial species found in Acacia thickets and woodlands. Cogger, H.; Shea, G. (2017)
Lerista_simillima
Species of snake
uncommon. It feeds primarily on specific snakes, probably semiaquatic and fossorial snakes. In Southeast Asia, the red-headed krait occurs in Malaysia, Singapore
Red-headed_krait
Extinct family of dicynodonts
Cistecephaloides, and Kawingasaurus. Cistecephalids are thought to have had a fossorial or burrowing lifestyle, with adaptations such as broad skulls, strong
Cistecephalidae
Animals in mammal order Rodentia
fruit Gyldenstolpia Pardiñas, D'Elía, & Teta, 2009 One species G. fronto (Fossorial giant rat) Southern Paraguay and northern Argentina Size: About 22 cm
List_of_rodents
Superfamily of rodents
Platacanthomyidae (spiny dormouse and pygmy dormice) Family Spalacidae (fossorial muroids) Subfamily Myospalacinae (zokors) Subfamily Rhizomyinae (bamboo
Muroidea
Species of snake
Atractaspis branchi, known commonly as Branch's stiletto snake, is a species of fossorial, venomous snake in the family Atractaspididae. The species is endemic
Atractaspis_branchi
Species of amphibian
Catholic frog is a species of frog in the family Limnodynastidae. It is a fossorial frog. It is one of the few Australian frogs to display aposematism. It
Crucifix_toad
Genus of amphibians
DF, Yánez-Muñoz MH, Ron S (2020). "Two extremely rare new species of fossorial salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Plethodontidae) from northwestern Ecuador"
Oedipina
Species of snake
subcaudals number 4-6. Adults may reach 35 cm (14 in) in total length. A sub-fossorial, nocturnal snake, it rests under stones, decaying logs, amongst rocks
Ceylonese_cylinder_snake
Extinct family of mammals
Europe from the middle Paleocene to early Oligocene. Epoicotheriids were fossorial mammals. Late Eocene/early Oligocene genera were highly specialized animals
Epoicotheriidae
Species of carnivore
and on Bali. Like other ferret-badgers, the Javan ferret-badger is a fossorial animal that makes use of pre-existing burrows in the forest floor. It
Javan_ferret-badger
Genus of lizards
genus of skinks endemic to India. These lizards are thought to be semi-fossorial, and living in coastal areas of the east coast of India. Almost nothing
Barkudia
Extinct genus of snakes
desert-like environment, Dinilysia is likely a terrestrial or a semi-fossorial animal. The Dinilysia patagonica is a stem snake that is very closely
Dinilysia
Extinct genus of rodents
Ceratogaulus is an extinct genus of rodents, a member of the extinct fossorial (burrowing) rodent family Mylagaulidae. Ceratogaulus is one of two rodent
Ceratogaulus
Species of amphibian
Pelodryadidae family but differs from most other members as it is terrestrial and fossorial and undertakes aestivation. The water-holding frog is characterised as
Water-holding_frog
Family of beetles
beetle fans the lamellae out like leaves to sense odours. Many species are fossorial, with legs adapted for digging. In some groups, males (and sometimes females)
Scarabaeidae
Species of spider
than the male and lives years longer. The cobalt blue tarantula is a fossorial species and spends nearly all of its time in deep burrows of its own construction
Cobalt_blue_tarantula
Larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian
crevices near streams. The tadpoles of Micrixalus herrei are adapted to a fossorial lifestyle, with a muscular body and tail, eyes covered by a layer of skin
Tadpole
Subgenus of rodents
(Microtus quasiater) Voles of this subgenus often show more adaptations for a fossorial mode of life. D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2005: Mammal Species of the World:
Microtus_(Pitymys)
Extinct order of mammals
palaeanodonts), based on their dental and postcranial similarities, and semi-fossorial adaptations. McKenna, M. C. (1975). "Toward a phylogenetic classification
Pantolesta
Order of mammals
habitat, including human-made environments. Species can be arboreal, fossorial (burrowing), saltatorial/ricochetal (leaping on their hind legs), or semiaquatic
Rodent
Species of cockroach
cockroaches of the subfamily Corydiinae, in the family Corydiidae. It is a fossorial insect endemic to Florida scrub habitats in Highlands, Pinellas, and Polk
Arenivaga_floridensis
Species of snake
as far north as Nova Scotia, Canada. Ring-necked snakes are generally fossorial and somewhat secretive, by nature, and, as a nocturnal species, are rarely
Ring-necked_snake
Extinct genus of mammals
and/or their close relatives may have been partially adapted to a digging (fossorial) lifestyle. The one known species, Sphenopsalis nobilis, was also named
Sphenopsalis
Clade of insects
leafcutter bees, alkali bees and digger bees. Most solitary bees are fossorial, digging nests in the ground in a variety of soil textures and conditions
Bee
Clade of reptiles
occupy an extraordinary range of ecological niches, from arboreal to fossorial, aquatic to desert-dwelling, and from minute burrowing forms to large
Episquamata
Suborder of mammals
presumed to contain the extinct genus Plesiorycteropus, a group of possibly fossorial insectivores similar to aardvarks, which is known to be more closely related
Tenrecomorpha
Genus of rodents
eastern pocket gophers. Like all pocket gophers, members of this genus are fossorial herbivores. Extant species include: Desert pocket gopher (Geomys arenarius)
Geomys
Genus of amphibians
predatory birds, mammals and monitor lizards. They remain hidden—they are fossorial—for much of the year, but emerge to breed in temporary pools after rains
Pyxicephalus
Species of amphibian
heterogeneity rather than genetic distinction. The spotted salamander is fossorial. It rarely comes above ground, except after a rain or for foraging and
Spotted_salamander
Short-legged omnivore
taxonomic grouping, being united by their squat bodies and adaptions for fossorial activity rather than by their ancestral relationships: Musteloidea contains
Badger
Species of snake
are recognized. This snake grows to an average of about .5 to 1 m. A fossorial species, the head is wedge-shaped and narrow with little neck delineation
Xenopeltis_hainanensis
Species of spider
locality is Bilpin, in the Blue Mountains west of Sydney. The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators. Raven, RJ (1984). "Systematics of the Australian
Namirea_fallax
Species of snake
northeastern Tanzania and southeastern Kenya. It is a terrestrial and fossorial snake that inhabits moist evergreen forest at elevations of 300–1,900 m
Elapsoidea_nigra
Species of mammal
Hitoshi (2014-06-26). "Molecular phylogeny of East and Southeast Asian fossorial moles (Lipotyphla, Talpidae)". Journal of Mammalogy. 95 (3): 455–466.
Japanese_mountain_mole
Profound change in body structure during the postembryonic development of an organism
Ichthyophis go through a metamorphosis in which aquatic larva transition into fossorial adults, which involves a loss of the lateral line. More recently diverged
Metamorphosis
Species of spider
habitats. The type locality is the Bulburin State Forest. The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators. Raven, RJ (1984). "A new diplurid genus from eastern
Namea_callemonda
Species of microhylid frog
well-drained soil in forests in French Guiana. They are nocturnal, as well as fossorial. S. zombie has not been assessed by the IUCN. It is only known to live
Synapturanus_zombie
Genus of mammals (fossil)
petrosal lobules; both of these traits are typically associated with fossorial mammals. Its laterally expansive palaeocortex and relatively large olfactory
Anagale
Extinct genus of mammals
Aside from the horned gophers of North America, it is the only known fossorial horned mammal. P. ferox had a skull about 11.7 centimetres (4.6 in) long
Peltephilus
Species of spider
Central Queensland. The type locality is Rockhampton. The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators. Koch, L (1874). Die Arachniden Australiens, nach
Idiommata_fusca
Family of rodents
occupy a broad range of ecosystems from tropical forests to tundras. Fossorial, arboreal, and semiaquatic murid species occur, though most are terrestrial
Muridae
Genus of spiders
partly fused to the tarsus, and also has enlarged tarsal claws. It is a fossorial species, residing in burrows under leaf litter and rocks. A study of the
Illawarra_wisharti
Genus of tortoises
Gopherus is a genus of fossorial tortoises commonly referred to as gopher tortoises. The gopher tortoise is grouped with land tortoises that originated
Gopherus
Genus of rodents
Bramus is a genus of fossorial rodents. It formerly contained only the extinct North African species Bramus barbarus. Both species in Bramus were moved
Bramus
Family of beetles
do so. The larvae, known as mealworms or false wireworms, are usually fossorial, heavily sclerotized and nocturnal. They may possibly be an important
Darkling_beetle
Genus of amphibians
to the Calluella species that are now included in this genus. They are fossorial frogs that spend only limited time on the soil surface and are typically
Glyphoglossus
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