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See searches and references containing FREE SURFACE!FREE SURFACE
Surface of a fluid that is subject to zero parallel shear stress
In physics, a free surface is the surface of a fluid that is subject to zero parallel shear stress, such as the interface between two homogeneous fluids
Free_surface
Effect of liquids in slack tanks
The free surface effect is a mechanism which can cause a watercraft to become unstable and capsize. It refers to the tendency of liquids — and of unbound
Free_surface_effect
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
Surface tension is the energy per unit area due to having a surface in a liquid. It has the dimension of force per unit length, or energy per unit area
Surface_tension
Outermost layer of a physical object
gas (the surface of the sea in air) or the idealized boundary of a solid (the surface of a ball). In fluid dynamics, the shape of a free surface may be
Surface
Fluid flow revolving around an axis of rotation
negative. The free surface (if present) dips sharply near the axis line, with depth inversely proportional to r2. The shape formed by the free surface is called
Vortex
Numerical modeling technique in fluid dynamics
In computational fluid dynamics, free-surface modelling (FSM) refers to the numerical modelling of a free surface—a freely moving interface between immiscible
Free-surface_modelling
Type of liquid flow within a conduit
open-channel flow is a type of liquid flow within a conduit with a free surface, known as a channel. The other type of flow within a conduit is pipe
Open-channel_flow
Equations for calculations of the Darcy friction factor
turbulent flow in smooth conduits Fully turbulent flow in rough conduits Free surface flow. Transition (neither fully laminar nor fully turbulent) flow occurs
Darcy friction factor formulae
Darcy_friction_factor_formulae
Measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body
the list, further extending the heeling force. This is known as the free surface effect. In tanks or spaces that are partially filled with a fluid or
Metacentric_height
Wave where gravity is the main restoring force
of surface vessels. The period of wind-generated gravity waves on the free surface of the Earth's ponds, lakes, seas and oceans are predominantly between
Gravity_wave
Series of personal computers, tablets and interactive whiteboards by Microsoft
models (Surface RT and Surface 2) ran on ARM32, and a select handful of models starting with the Surface Pro X in 2019 run on ARM64. The Surface line has
Microsoft_Surface
General condition of the free surface on a large body of water
In oceanography, sea state is the general condition of the free surface on a large body of water—with respect to wind waves and swell—at a certain location
Sea_state
Excess energy at the surface of a material relative to its interior
In surface science, surface energy (also interfacial free energy or surface free energy) quantifies the disruption of intermolecular bonds that occurs
Surface_energy
Applied engineering involving liquids
science and most engineering modules. Free surface hydraulics is the branch of hydraulics dealing with free surface flow, such as occurring in rivers, canals
Hydraulics
In physics, a free surface flow is the surface of a fluid flowing that is subjected to both zero perpendicular normal stress and parallel shear stress
Computational methods for free surface flow
Computational_methods_for_free_surface_flow
Fluid dynamics theory on gravity waves
periodic waves. Underneath the surface, there is a fluid motion associated with the free surface motion. While the surface elevation shows a propagating
Airy_wave_theory
Eigenvalue equation
method is given for the case of free-surface flow, that is, when the upper lid of the channel is replaced by a free surface. Note first of all that it is
Orr–Sommerfeld_equation
Ferry sunk at Zeebrugge, Belgium in 1987
water began to enter the car deck in large quantities. The resulting free surface effect destroyed her stability. In a matter of seconds, the ship began
MS_Herald_of_Free_Enterprise
Method of hydrodynamics simulation
suited to simulate problems dominated by complex boundary dynamics, like free surface flows, or large boundary displacement. The lack of a mesh significantly
Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
Smoothed-particle_hydrodynamics
Estimate of velocity in open channel flows
variables in case of flow in partially full conduits, as they also possess a free surface like that of open channel flow. All flow in so-called open channels is
Manning_formula
Free-surface modelling technique
method is a family of free-surface modelling techniques, i.e. numerical techniques for tracking and locating the free surface (or fluid–fluid interface)
Volume_of_fluid_method
Boundary between a snow-covered and snow-free surface
The climatic snow line is the boundary between a snow-covered and snow-free surface. The actual snow line may adjust seasonally, and be either significantly
Snow_line
Solution of Euler equations
periodic surface gravity waves. It describes a progressive wave of permanent form on the surface of an incompressible fluid of infinite depth. The free surface
Trochoidal_wave
Branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest
free surfaces at which they interface with gases, or with a vacuum. In general, the lack of the ability to sustain a shear stress entails that free surfaces
Hydrostatics
Set of partial differential equations on fluid flow
considered) that describe the flow below a pressure surface in a fluid (sometimes, but not necessarily, a free surface). The shallow-water equations in unidirectional
Shallow_water_equations
Linear crystallographic defect or irregularity
that breaks free from the source. The surface of a crystal can produce dislocations in the crystal. Due to the small steps on the surface of most crystals
Dislocation
Nonlinear and periodic surface wave on an inviscid fluid layer of constant mean depth
and offshore structures, in order to determine the wave kinematics (free surface elevation and flow velocities). The wave kinematics are subsequently
Stokes_wave
Motor vehicle designed to carry liquefied loads, dry bulk cargo or gases on roads
their high center of gravity and, when they are partially filled, to the free surface effect of liquid sloshing in the tank. Prior to tank distribution, oil
Tank_truck
Term in fluid dynamics
by density differences of the fluids above and below the free surface and gravity (or surface tension). The wake is the region of disturbed flow (often
Wake_(physics)
Part of a ship
to reduce the roll period of the hull by acting in opposition to the free surface effect. They can be broadly classified into active and passive antiroll
Antiroll_tanks
Differential equation describing the thickness of a liquid film over time
solid surfaces, hence the liquid forms a lubricating layer. The thin-film equation holds when there is a single free surface. With two free surfaces, the
Thin-film_equation
Ocean shape without winds and tides
geoid. Being an equigeopotential means the geoid corresponds to the free surface of water at rest (if only the Earth's gravity and rotational acceleration
Geoid
Flow of fluids within extremely thin regions
a lubricant. Free film lubrication theory is concerned with the case in which one of the surfaces containing the fluid is a free surface. In that case
Lubrication_theory
Fragments broken off a larger solid body of material
plate impact, in which two waves of compression are reflected on the free-surfaces of the plates and then interact to generate a region of high tensile
Spall
Capillary flow effect
a droplet with the free surface of the droplet is important in creating a coffee ring. "When the drop evaporates, the free surface collapses and traps
Coffee_ring_effect
Event causing a ship to wreck
due to poor design, improperly stowed cargo, shifting cargo, or the free surface effect Navigation errors and other human errors, leading to collisions
Shipwrecking
Movement of liquid inside another moving object
also undergoing motion). Strictly speaking, the liquid must have a free surface to constitute a slosh dynamics problem, where the dynamics of the liquid
Slosh_dynamics
Height of the free surface of a water body
level, also known as gauge height or stage, is the elevation of the free surface of a sea, stream, lake or reservoir relative to a specified vertical
Water_level
Websites and pages easily accessible to user agents
Look up Surface Web in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The surface web (also called the visible web, indexed web, or indexable web) is the portion of
Surface_web
Dimensionless number; ratio of a fluid's flow inertia to the external field
gravitational acceleration g, times cross-sectional area A, divided by free-surface width B: c = g A B , {\displaystyle c={\sqrt {g{\frac {A}{B}}}},} so
Froude_number
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up surface in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A surface, as the term is most generally used, is the outermost or uppermost layer of a physical object
Surface_(disambiguation)
Egyptian Ro/Ro passenger ferry
where minor flooding of the deck can gain rapid momentum due to the free surface effect. When the captain asked permission to return to port, the ship's
MS_al-Salam_Boccaccio_98
Electric charges present on the surface of a solid
A surface charge is an electric charge present on a two-dimensional surface. These electric charges are constrained on this 2-D surface, and surface charge
Surface_charge
Telescope whose mirror is a reflective liquid
mirror is much less expensive to manufacture. Isaac Newton noted that the free surface of a rotating liquid forms a circular paraboloid and can therefore be
Liquid-mirror_telescope
Dimensionless number in fluid mechanics
free surface boundary condition. For a fluid of constant density ρ {\displaystyle \rho } and dynamic viscosity μ {\displaystyle \mu } , at the free surface
Weber_number
Force distributed over an area
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure
Pressure
Type of liquid flow within a closed conduit
ways, but differ in one important aspect. Pipe flow does not have a free surface which is found in open-channel flow. Pipe flow, being confined within
Pipe_flow
Enrichment of atoms, ions, and molecules
themselves to the interface or surface in accordance with the statistics of thermodynamics in order to minimize the overall free energy of the system. This
Segregation (materials science)
Segregation_(materials_science)
Energy transfer between scales of motion
below the free surface of a liquid can drive fluctuating displacements of the liquid surface, which at small wavelengths are modulated by surface tension
Energy_cascade
Liquid, gas, or other continuously deforming and flowing material
have free surfaces, which cost some amount of free energy to form. In the case of solids, the amount of free energy to form a given unit of surface area
Fluid
Average velocity of a fluid parcel in a gravity wave
travels with the fluid flow. For instance, a particle floating at the free surface of water waves, experiences a net Stokes drift velocity in the direction
Stokes_drift
2-in-1 detachable in the Microsoft Surface series
The Surface Go is a 10-inch (250 mm) 2-in-1 detachable in the Microsoft Surface series that was released on August 2, 2018. It was unveiled by Microsoft
Surface_Go
Third planet from the Sun
being an ocean world, the only one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all of Earth's water is contained in its ocean, which covers
Earth
Alloy used as a lead-free solder
known as SAC), is a lead-free (Pb-free) alloy commonly used for electronic solder. It is the main choice for lead-free surface-mount technology (SMT) assembly
Tin-silver-copper
Algebraic variety of dimension two
cubic surfaces, Veronese surface, del Pezzo surfaces, ruled surfaces κ = 0 : K3 surfaces, abelian surfaces, Enriques surfaces, hyperelliptic surfaces κ =
Algebraic_surface
Dispersion of waves on a water surface
propagating on the water surface, with gravity and surface tension as the restoring forces. As a result, water with a free surface is generally considered
Dispersion_(water_waves)
Experimental physical technique
for which a perturbation on a jet surface is unstable. In this case, the pressure gradient across the free-surface can cause the fluid in the thinnest
Capillary_breakup_rheometry
Mathematics of surface waves on a fluid
Lagrangian variational description of the motion of surface waves on a fluid with a free surface, under the action of gravity. This principle is named
Luke's_variational_principle
Angle between a liquid–vapor interface and a solid surface
the free surface of the liquid, and the nature of the liquid and solid in contact. It is independent of the inclination of solid to the liquid surface. It
Contact_angle
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up control surface in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Control surface may refer to: Audio control surface, a human interface device (HID) which
Control_surface
Abrasive process for creating smooth finished surfaces
reflective surface, or prevent corrosion in pipes. In metallography and metallurgy, polishing is used to create a flat, defect-free surface for examination
Polishing_(metalworking)
Work in which threads lie on top of fabric
through the fabric; it is contrasted with canvas work. Much free embroidery is also surface embroidery, as are a few forms of counted-thread embroidery
Surface_embroidery
Deformation mechanism in crystallines
Thus, – in the free surface – cut and open (elimination) of dislocation loops at the surface cause the irreversible/persistent surface step associated
Slip_bands_in_metals
Fluid breakup of a falling stream
exponentially with time. By decomposing an arbitrary disturbance on the free surface into its constitutive harmonics/wavelengths one can derive a condition
Plateau–Rayleigh_instability
Seismological method
which seismologists use to infer properties through physical measurements. Surface-wave inversion is the method by which elastic properties, density, and
Surface-wave_inversion
simulation of incompressible free surface flows. It is a macroscopic, deterministic particle method (Lagrangian mesh-free method) developed by Koshizuka
Moving particle semi-implicit method
Moving_particle_semi-implicit_method
Algebraic surface with special triviality properties
gives a K3 surface with a fixed-point-free involution T, and the quotient of this by T is an Enriques surface. Alternatively, the Enriques surface can be
Enriques_surface
Coherent delocalized electron oscillations
Extraordinary optical transmission Free electron model Gap surface plasmon Heat-assisted magnetic recording Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance Plasma oscillation
Surface_plasmon
Type of partial differential equation
evolution of the surface Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } by giving an equation governing the velocity V {\displaystyle V} of the free surface in the direction
Free_boundary_problem
Surface with constant mean curvature
geometry, constant-mean-curvature (CMC) surfaces are surfaces with constant mean curvature. This includes minimal surfaces as a subset, but typically they are
Constant-mean-curvature surface
Constant-mean-curvature_surface
Small rocket engines that help fuel settle in 0g before main engine start
expansion. In micro-gravity conditions the cryogenic liquids are without a free surface, and exist in a slushy state between solid, liquid, and gas. In this
Ullage_motor
Sedimentary rock rich in aluminium
A cargo that may liquefy if excessively moist. Liquefaction and the free surface effect can cause the cargo to shift rapidly inside the hold and make
Bauxite
Two-dimensional manifold
In topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solid figures; for example, the sphere
Surface_(topology)
Small unit of liquid
completely or almost completely by free surfaces. A drop may form when liquid accumulates at the end of a tube or other surface boundary, producing a hanging
Drop_(liquid)
Ability to make choices voluntarily
Free will is generally understood as the capacity or ability of people to (a) choose between different possible courses of action, (b) exercise control
Free_will
Sudden surface disturbance of quiet liquids
otherwise quiescent free surface of a liquid (usually water). The disturbance is typically caused by a solid object suddenly hitting the surface, although splashes
Splash_(fluid_mechanics)
Surface in 3D space defined by an implicit function of three variables
implicit surface is a surface in Euclidean space defined by an equation F ( x , y , z ) = 0. {\displaystyle F(x,y,z)=0.} An implicit surface is the set
Implicit_surface
occurs where two fluids or a fluid in a vacuum form a free surface with surface energy. If more surface area is present than the minimum required to contain
Fluid_thread_breakup
the surface layer of water is the study of animal locomotion in the case of small animals that live on the surface layer of water, relying on surface tension
Animal locomotion on the water surface
Animal_locomotion_on_the_water_surface
Tablet computer from Microsoft
Microsoft at their Surface Event on September 22, 2021. It was announced by the company alongside the Surface Laptop Studio, Surface Pro 8, Surface Duo 2 and many
Surface_Go_3
Principle relating to fluid dynamics
central role in Luke's variational principle, a variational description of free-surface flows using the Lagrangian mechanics. Bernoulli developed his principle
Bernoulli's_principle
Raw ore processed to concentrate the metal component
conditions, to liquefy, which may affect the stability of the ship due to the free surface effect potentially causing a ship to capsize. Special measures are required
Ore_concentrate
Ship response to disturbance from an upright condition
higher side. It is intended to have an effect counter to that of the free surface effect. They have been designed and constructed in passive and active
Ship_stability
Type of surface acoustic wave which travels along the surface of solids
In solid mechanics, Rayleigh waves are a type of surface acoustic wave that travel along the surface of solids. They can be produced in materials in many
Rayleigh_wave
Hierarchical outline list of articles related to oceanography
principle – A mathematical description of the motion of surface waves on a fluid with a free surface, under the action of gravity. Megatsunami – A very large
Outline_of_oceanography
Unfilled space in a container, particularly with a liquid
Excessive ullage in a tank may contribute to the free surface effect. When referring to the free surface effect, the condition of a tank that is not full
Ullage
Barrier allowing liquid to be pumped out of an enclosed area
With both complete and partial cofferdams, there is usually a large free surface in the spaces being pumped. Sometimes this can be limited by dewatering
Cofferdam
different surface integrity depending on how the processes are controlled; for instance, they can leave a stress-free surface, a remelted surface, or excessive
Surface_integrity
Diving in water-filled caves
generally considered to be a type of technical diving due to the lack of a free surface during large parts of the dive, and often involves planned decompression
Cave_diving
Ratio of inertial to viscous forces acting on a liquid
to a limiting aspect ratio. For calculating the flow of liquid with a free surface, the hydraulic radius must be determined. This is the cross-sectional
Reynolds_number
Electronic states at the surface of materials
Surface states are electronic states found at the surface of materials. They are formed due to the sharp transition from solid material that ends with
Surface_states
Response of a vessel to sea conditions
Laplace's equation in the fluid domain. For a regular Airy wave, the free-surface elevation may be written η ( x , t ) = a cos ( k x − ω t ) {\displaystyle
Seakeeping
Unstable behavior of two contacting fluids of different densities
equation is the required interfacial condition. The free-surface condition: At the free surface z = η ( x , t ) {\displaystyle z=\eta \left(x,t\right)\
Rayleigh–Taylor_instability
Group of similar cells performing a specific function
function of epithelial tissues are covering and lining of free surface The cells of the body's surface form the outer layer of skin. Inside the body, epithelial
Tissue_(biology)
Physical phenomenon
curvature at any point on the free surface of the liquid film or droplet (m). If the liquid wets the contacting surfaces then this pressure difference
Elasto-capillarity
Change of surface energy with strain
term called "surface free energy", the excess free energy per unit area needed to create a new surface, is sometimes confused with "surface stress". Although
Surface_stress
is an expression of free surface boundary conditions; n → {\displaystyle {\vec {n}}} is the unit vector normal to S. For a free body (as we assume it)
Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
Resonant_ultrasound_spectroscopy
Surface waves generated by wind on open water
water wave, is a surface wave that occurs on the free surface of bodies of water as a result of the wind blowing over the water's surface. The contact distance
Wind_wave
Vector field related to displacement current and flux density
|A=|Q_{\text{free}}|,} where A is the surface area of the top face of the box and Q free / A = ρ f {\displaystyle Q_{\text{free}}/A=\rho _{\text{f}}} is the free surface
Electric_displacement_field
Spread of weight in a vehicle
vehicle balanced, and to reduce stability problems associated with the free surface effect. In the trucking industry, individual axle weight limits require
Weight_distribution
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Foreign
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly southeastern)
English (mainly southeastern) : topographic name for someone who lived near a conspicuous tree, Middle English tre(w).
Boy/Male
German, Swedish
Lord
Boy/Male
British, English
Seed
Male
English
Short form of English Frederick, FRED means "peaceful ruler."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Fry.North German : variant of Frey.Joseph Frye (1711/12–94) was a military officer from Andover, MA, where the family had long been of local prominence. In 1762, he was granted a township in ME, later named Fryeburg after him, and moved his family there. His great-great-grandson William Pierce Frye was born in Lewiston, ME, and served in Congress, first as a member of the House of Representatives and then the Senate from 1871 until his death in 1911.
Boy/Male
British, English
Peace
Boy/Male
British, English
Generous
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly East Anglia)
English (chiefly East Anglia) : nickname or status name from Old English frēo ‘free(-born)’, i.e. not a serf.North German : topographic or habitational name from a place named Frede or Frede(n).North German : nickname from a variant of Middle Low German wrēd ‘crooked’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Freer 1.French (Frère) : from frère ‘brother’, used as a byname for the younger of two brothers.
Female
English
English form of Irish BrÃgh, BREE means "force, strength."
Girl/Female
Irish American
Hill. Also abbreviation of Brina and Breanna.
Female
English
Anglicized form of Danish Freya, FREA means "lady, mistress."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old French and Middle English frere ‘friar’ (Latin frater, literally ‘brother’). This was a status name for a member a religious order, especially a mendicant order, and may also have been a nickname for a pious person or for someone employed at a monastery.Americanized spelling of French Frère (see Frere).North German and Dutch : cognate of Friedrich.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English freil, frel(i)e ‘frail’, ‘weak’.Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Friel 2.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
In Liberty
Boy/Male
English American Teutonic German
Sage, wise. From the Old English Aelfraed, meaning elf counsel. Also from Ealdfrith or Alfrid,...
Male
Swedish
Danish and Swedish form of Old Norse Freyr, FREJ means "lord, master."
Boy/Male
English Norse Scandinavian
Lord.
Male
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Old Norse Freyr, FREY means "lord, master."
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
Girl/Female
Greek American French Latin
Angel.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Holy place, Sacred water, Place of pilgrimage
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Under Tree or Umbrella
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Amery.
Female
Bulgarian
, Christ-bearer.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
God's Warrior
Surname or Lastname
English (Bristol)
English (Bristol) : of uncertain derivation; perhaps a Norman metonymic occupational name for a spinner or a maker of spindles, from Old French fusel ‘spindle’ (Late Latin fusellus, a diminutive of classical Latin fusus).Americanized spelling of German Füssel, a diminutive of Fuss.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Abundant in Knowledge
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Son of the Sun; One who Brings Glory
Female
English
 Possibly an Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Meadhbh, MAB means "intoxicating." Short form of English Mabel, meaning "lovable."
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
FREE SURFACE
v. t.
To make free.
a.
Free from the power of love.
n.
One who frees, or sets free.
superl.
Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as, free admission; a free gift.
a.
To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to clear; -- followed by from, and sometimes by off; as, to free a captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences.
superl.
Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-handed; lavish; as, free with his money.
superl.
Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free cells.
imp. & p. p.
of Free
a.
Not perplexed; having a mind free from care.
v. t.
To place upon a tree; to fit with a tree; to stretch upon a tree; as, to tree a boot. See Tree, n., 3.
a.
Open; frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as, free-hearted mirth.
superl.
Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free fishery; a free warren.
adv.
Without charge; as, children admitted free.
superl.
Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service; free socage.
superl.
Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; -- said of a government, institutions, etc.
a.
Free from charge or expense; hence, unpunished; scot-free.
n.
One who believes in or practices free-love.
superl.
Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a free horse.
superl.
Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; -- followed by from, or, rarely, by of.