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The Funj Chronicle is an Arabic history of the Funj Sultanate and the early years of Ottoman rule in the Sudan based on oral tradition. It originally
Funj_Chronicle
Confederation of monarchies in northeast Africa from 1504 to 1821
the founding of the Funj Sultanate in 1504. The first of which appears in the Funj Chronicle (dated to the 19th century) wherein Funj chief Amara Dunqas
Funj_Sultanate
British historian (1918–2006)
Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle, 910–1288/1504–1871, the first complete English translation of the Funj Chronicle. He based the translation on
Peter_Holt_(historian)
Principality in Sudan from 1762 to 1821
described the Hamaj as 'red' (Arabic: احمر aḥmar). According to the Funj Chronicle, a slave called Hamaj settled in Sennar along with his extended family
Hamaj_Regency
16th to 17th-century Northeast African state
Arabs or the Funj in c. 1500. Centered around the mountainous region of Fazughli on the Blue Nile and serving as a buffer between the Funj sultanate and
Kingdom_of_Fazughli
Arab tribe from central Sudan
the Funj, a group from the south led by their king Amara Dunqas, but most modern scholars agree that it fell to the Arabs. The Sudanese chronicler Katib
Abdallabi_tribe
Military campaign, 1820–1824
Sennar and defeated Hasan and Dafa'Allah at Abu Shawka. According to the Funj Chronicle, the Defterdar Bey gathered his troops and marched east from Kordofan
Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)
Turco-Egyptian_conquest_of_Sudan_(1820–1824)
Medieval kingdom in Upper Nubia
afterwards and enslaving its population. The Funj Chronicle, a multi-authored history of the Funj Sultanate compiled in the 19th century, ascribes the
Alodia
Timbuktu Chronicles (17th c.), Kitab Gonja (18th c.), Funj Chronicle (early 19th c.), and Kano Chronicle (c. 1880s). European written records about the coastal
African_historiography
Sudanese historians is the Funj Chronicle. Preserved in several versions in many manuscripts, it present a history of the Funj sultanate (1504–1821) and
Sudanese_literature
Nubians of the Séba region. According to the Funj Chronicles, a coalition between ‘Amara Dunqas‘ of the Funj and ‘Abdallah Jamma‘ of the Qawasma Arabs led
Sapaei
of fighting at Jebel Sahaba, then Kerma, Kush, Meroë, Medieval Nubia, the Funj, Darfur, Turco-Egyptian rule, the Mahdiyya, British conquest and modern Sudan
Military_history_of_Sudan
"Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:
List of state leaders in the 17th century
List_of_state_leaders_in_the_17th_century
"Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:
List of state leaders in the 16th century
List_of_state_leaders_in_the_16th_century
"Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:
List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)
List_of_state_leaders_in_the_19th_century_(1801–1850)
"Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:
List of state leaders in the 18th century
List_of_state_leaders_in_the_18th_century
Continent
the Sudan and had disintegrated by the 15th century, giving rise to the Funj Sultanate. The Tunjur kingdom's collapse in the central Sudan saw the rise
Africa
Ruler of the Kingdom of Sennar (1692–1716)
Blundell states that the years of his reign were 1688-1715; The Royal Chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 532. Bruce
Badi_III
Sennar was at peace with its neighbor, Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles mention that Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia responded to the gift Badi's
Badi_I
Medieval kingdom in Lower Nubia
of the 3rd cataract, including Dongola, had been annexed by the Islamic Funj Sultanate by the early 16th century. Makuria is much better known than its
Makuria
was the son of the previous ruler Nayil. H. Weld Blundell, The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 532. Weld
Dakin_of_Sennar
17th-century ruler of the Kingdom of Sennar
of the Nile (1805 edition), vol. 3, p. 314 H. Weld Blundell, The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 530. v
Adlan_I
identified. It has been located north of the Tekezé river and bordering the Funj Sultanate in the west. After the death of her brother, Mäkättar, sultan of
Ga'ewa
Medieval and early modern history of the African region
Christian Nubia. Later Alodia would fall under the Funj Sultanate. During the 15th century, Funj herders migrated north to Alodia and occupied it. Between
Medieval and early modern Africa
Medieval_and_early_modern_Africa
16th century Imam and General of the Adal Sultanate
Ahmed's conquests reached all the way to the borders of the Sultanate of Funj. Imam Ahmed won nearly all his battles against the Ethiopians before 1541
Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi
Country in the Horn of Africa (1270–1974)
Ethiopia's main port, and the seizure of Suakin from the Ethiopian-allied Funj Sultanate in what is now Sudan. In 1573 the Adal Sultanate attempted to invade
Ethiopian_Empire
Islamic school in Sudan
Almajiranci in Nigeria. Islam entered Sudan in 651, after the fall of Makuria. The Funj Sultanate appeared in the early sixteenth century, and the khalwa was introduced
Khalwa_(school)
Santanu (2022-05-26). "Tamralipta, the ancient port city of India". Bengal Chronicle. Retrieved 2025-04-13. "Tamluk". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 31
List of oldest continuously inhabited cities
List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities
between Sudan and Ethiopia: slave raids were conducted from Ethiopia to the Funj and White Nile provinces in South Sudan, capturing Berta, Gumuz and Burun
Slavery_in_Ethiopia
1492–1792 series of conflicts
against Spain, and vice versa. Even Álvaro de Bazán testified in his chronicles that Suleiman the Magnificent feared a two-front war against Spain and
Spanish–Ottoman_Wars
Ethiopian politician and traveler (c.1610–1638)
According to his account, he had fled from Ethiopia through the Nile Valley (Funj Sultanate) after Emperor Susǝnyos I, the ruling Catholic monarch, had allegedly
Zaga_Christ
M.; Gray, Richard (1975). Fage, J.D.; Oliver, Roland (eds.). "Egypt, the Funj and Darfur". The Cambridge History of Africa. IV. London, New York, Melbourne:
List of Ottoman governors of Egypt
List_of_Ottoman_governors_of_Egypt
Sichuanese religious minority
of Guangyuan County]. 中國地方志集成:四川府縣志輯(19)[A Collection of Chinese Local Chronicles: County Annals of Sichuan Prefecture (vol. 19)] (in Traditional Chinese)
Islam_in_Sichuan
Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1565 to 1579
Pasha..." Zararsiz 2021, p. 345. Peacock, A. (2012). "The Ottomans and the Funj sultanate in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries". Bulletin of the School
Sokollu_Mehmed_Pasha
Administrative division of the Ottoman Empire from (1517–1867)
M.; Gray, Richard (1975). Fage, J.D.; Oliver, Roland (eds.). "Egypt, the Funj and Darfur". The Cambridge History of Africa. IV. London, New York, Melbourne:
Ottoman_Egypt
Region in northern Sudan and southern Egypt
refugees eventually established Kingdom of Fazughli that was only conquered by Funj later in 1685. A vast majority of the Nubian population is currently Muslim
Nubia
Pseudohistorical list of Ethiopian monarchs from 4530 BCE to 1779 CE
Dongola" (i.e., Makuria) (c. 1145–1820), and the "kings of Sennar" (i.e., Funj Sultanate). However, the 1922 Ethiopian regnal list ignores Nubian and Sudanese
1922_regnal_list_of_Ethiopia
Trickster". Odai Dunqas (died 1511) is a cousin of the first ruler of the Funj Sultanate and a member of the Byzantine Rite of the Templar Order. In 1511
List of Assassin's Creed characters
List_of_Assassin's_Creed_characters
Sudanese physician (1913–2005)
jaundice in Al Qadarif, presbycusis in the Mabans tribe living southern Funj, filariasis in Geneina, the adverse effects of the consumption of high-nitrate-well-water
Mohamed_Hamad_Satti
hadith, biographical traditions concerning Muhammad, and historical chronicles, although many surviving works containing accounts of the earliest Islamic
History_of_Islam
Wassoulou in West Africa; dʿmt, Aksum, Ethiopia, Damot, Ifat, Adal, Ajuran, Funj, Kitara, Kilwa, Sakalava, Imerina, Rombo, Bunyoro, Buganda, and Rwanda in
History_of_Africa
The western part of the territory of what is now Eritrea was part of the Funj Sultanate, which arose in 1504 and surrendered to the Ottoman Empire's Egyptian
Eritrean_nationality_law
Decade
– Babur besieges and captures Kabul. Islamization of the Sudan region: A Funj leader, Amara Dunqas, founds the Sultanate of Sennar. Sheikh Ahmed, the final
1500s_(decade)
Islamic conversion of Indonesia
survey of the ocean's shores' (1433) a written account by Zheng He's chronicler and translator Ma Huan: "the main states of the northern part of Sumatra
Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia
Ethnic group in Sudan
since at least in the late 17th century, some Greek merchants settled in the Funj Sultanate of Sennar. One century later, the Scottish explorer James Bruce
Sudanese_Greeks
Ethnic group
Retrieved 2025-08-27. "صانع أفلام "يؤرخ" لحياة الغجر في السودان" [Filmmaker chronicles the lives of the Roma in Sudan]. النيلين [The Nile] (in Arabic). 2018-03-09
Doms_in_Sudan
Decade
launching the War of the Quadruple Alliance. Islamization of Sudan: The Funj warrior aristocracy deposes the reigning mek and places one of their own
1710s
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