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FUNJ CHRONICLE

  • Funj Chronicle
  • The Funj Chronicle is an Arabic history of the Funj Sultanate and the early years of Ottoman rule in the Sudan based on oral tradition. It originally

    Funj Chronicle

    Funj_Chronicle

  • Funj Sultanate
  • Confederation of monarchies in northeast Africa from 1504 to 1821

    the founding of the Funj Sultanate in 1504. The first of which appears in the Funj Chronicle (dated to the 19th century) wherein Funj chief Amara Dunqas

    Funj Sultanate

    Funj Sultanate

    Funj_Sultanate

  • Peter Holt (historian)
  • British historian (1918–2006)

    Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle, 910–1288/1504–1871, the first complete English translation of the Funj Chronicle. He based the translation on

    Peter Holt (historian)

    Peter_Holt_(historian)

  • Hamaj Regency
  • Principality in Sudan from 1762 to 1821

    described the Hamaj as 'red' (Arabic: احمر aḥmar). According to the Funj Chronicle, a slave called Hamaj settled in Sennar along with his extended family

    Hamaj Regency

    Hamaj_Regency

  • Kingdom of Fazughli
  • 16th to 17th-century Northeast African state

    Arabs or the Funj in c. 1500. Centered around the mountainous region of Fazughli on the Blue Nile and serving as a buffer between the Funj sultanate and

    Kingdom of Fazughli

    Kingdom of Fazughli

    Kingdom_of_Fazughli

  • Abdallabi tribe
  • Arab tribe from central Sudan

    the Funj, a group from the south led by their king Amara Dunqas, but most modern scholars agree that it fell to the Arabs. The Sudanese chronicler Katib

    Abdallabi tribe

    Abdallabi tribe

    Abdallabi_tribe

  • Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)
  • Military campaign, 1820–1824

    Sennar and defeated Hasan and Dafa'Allah at Abu Shawka. According to the Funj Chronicle, the Defterdar Bey gathered his troops and marched east from Kordofan

    Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)

    Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)

    Turco-Egyptian_conquest_of_Sudan_(1820–1824)

  • Alodia
  • Medieval kingdom in Upper Nubia

    afterwards and enslaving its population. The Funj Chronicle, a multi-authored history of the Funj Sultanate compiled in the 19th century, ascribes the

    Alodia

    Alodia

    Alodia

  • African historiography
  • Timbuktu Chronicles (17th c.), Kitab Gonja (18th c.), Funj Chronicle (early 19th c.), and Kano Chronicle (c. 1880s). European written records about the coastal

    African historiography

    African_historiography

  • Sudanese literature
  • Sudanese historians is the Funj Chronicle. Preserved in several versions in many manuscripts, it present a history of the Funj sultanate (1504–1821) and

    Sudanese literature

    Sudanese_literature

  • Sapaei
  • Nubians of the Séba region. According to the Funj Chronicles, a coalition between ‘Amara Dunqas‘ of the Funj and ‘Abdallah Jamma‘ of the Qawasma Arabs led

    Sapaei

    Sapaei

  • Military history of Sudan
  • of fighting at Jebel Sahaba, then Kerma, Kush, Meroë, Medieval Nubia, the Funj, Darfur, Turco-Egyptian rule, the Mahdiyya, British conquest and modern Sudan

    Military history of Sudan

    Military_history_of_Sudan

  • List of state leaders in the 17th century
  • "Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:

    List of state leaders in the 17th century

    List_of_state_leaders_in_the_17th_century

  • List of state leaders in the 16th century
  • "Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:

    List of state leaders in the 16th century

    List_of_state_leaders_in_the_16th_century

  • List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)
  • "Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:

    List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)

    List_of_state_leaders_in_the_19th_century_(1801–1850)

  • List of state leaders in the 18th century
  • "Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden:

    List of state leaders in the 18th century

    List_of_state_leaders_in_the_18th_century

  • Africa
  • Continent

    the Sudan and had disintegrated by the 15th century, giving rise to the Funj Sultanate. The Tunjur kingdom's collapse in the central Sudan saw the rise

    Africa

    Africa

    Africa

  • Badi III
  • Ruler of the Kingdom of Sennar (1692–1716)

    Blundell states that the years of his reign were 1688-1715; The Royal Chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 532. Bruce

    Badi III

    Badi_III

  • Badi I
  • Sennar was at peace with its neighbor, Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles mention that Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia responded to the gift Badi's

    Badi I

    Badi_I

  • Makuria
  • Medieval kingdom in Lower Nubia

    of the 3rd cataract, including Dongola, had been annexed by the Islamic Funj Sultanate by the early 16th century. Makuria is much better known than its

    Makuria

    Makuria

    Makuria

  • Dakin of Sennar
  • was the son of the previous ruler Nayil. H. Weld Blundell, The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 532. Weld

    Dakin of Sennar

    Dakin_of_Sennar

  • Adlan I
  • 17th-century ruler of the Kingdom of Sennar

    of the Nile (1805 edition), vol. 3, p. 314 H. Weld Blundell, The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840 (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 530. v

    Adlan I

    Adlan_I

  • Ga'ewa
  • identified. It has been located north of the Tekezé river and bordering the Funj Sultanate in the west. After the death of her brother, Mäkättar, sultan of

    Ga'ewa

    Ga'ewa

  • Medieval and early modern Africa
  • Medieval and early modern history of the African region

    Christian Nubia. Later Alodia would fall under the Funj Sultanate. During the 15th century, Funj herders migrated north to Alodia and occupied it. Between

    Medieval and early modern Africa

    Medieval_and_early_modern_Africa

  • Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
  • 16th century Imam and General of the Adal Sultanate

    Ahmed's conquests reached all the way to the borders of the Sultanate of Funj. Imam Ahmed won nearly all his battles against the Ethiopians before 1541

    Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi

    Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi

    Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi

  • Ethiopian Empire
  • Country in the Horn of Africa (1270–1974)

    Ethiopia's main port, and the seizure of Suakin from the Ethiopian-allied Funj Sultanate in what is now Sudan. In 1573 the Adal Sultanate attempted to invade

    Ethiopian Empire

    Ethiopian Empire

    Ethiopian_Empire

  • Khalwa (school)
  • Islamic school in Sudan

    Almajiranci in Nigeria. Islam entered Sudan in 651, after the fall of Makuria. The Funj Sultanate appeared in the early sixteenth century, and the khalwa was introduced

    Khalwa (school)

    Khalwa (school)

    Khalwa_(school)

  • List of oldest continuously inhabited cities
  • Santanu (2022-05-26). "Tamralipta, the ancient port city of India". Bengal Chronicle. Retrieved 2025-04-13. "Tamluk". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 31

    List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

    List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities

  • Slavery in Ethiopia
  • between Sudan and Ethiopia: slave raids were conducted from Ethiopia to the Funj and White Nile provinces in South Sudan, capturing Berta, Gumuz and Burun

    Slavery in Ethiopia

    Slavery_in_Ethiopia

  • Spanish–Ottoman Wars
  • 1492–1792 series of conflicts

    against Spain, and vice versa. Even Álvaro de Bazán testified in his chronicles that Suleiman the Magnificent feared a two-front war against Spain and

    Spanish–Ottoman Wars

    Spanish–Ottoman Wars

    Spanish–Ottoman_Wars

  • Zaga Christ
  • Ethiopian politician and traveler (c.1610–1638)

    According to his account, he had fled from Ethiopia through the Nile Valley (Funj Sultanate) after Emperor Susǝnyos I, the ruling Catholic monarch, had allegedly

    Zaga Christ

    Zaga Christ

    Zaga_Christ

  • List of Ottoman governors of Egypt
  • M.; Gray, Richard (1975). Fage, J.D.; Oliver, Roland (eds.). "Egypt, the Funj and Darfur". The Cambridge History of Africa. IV. London, New York, Melbourne:

    List of Ottoman governors of Egypt

    List of Ottoman governors of Egypt

    List_of_Ottoman_governors_of_Egypt

  • Islam in Sichuan
  • Sichuanese religious minority

    of Guangyuan County]. 中國地方志集成:四川府縣志輯(19)[A Collection of Chinese Local Chronicles: County Annals of Sichuan Prefecture (vol. 19)] (in Traditional Chinese)

    Islam in Sichuan

    Islam in Sichuan

    Islam_in_Sichuan

  • Sokollu Mehmed Pasha
  • Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1565 to 1579

    Pasha..." Zararsiz 2021, p. 345. Peacock, A. (2012). "The Ottomans and the Funj sultanate in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries". Bulletin of the School

    Sokollu Mehmed Pasha

    Sokollu Mehmed Pasha

    Sokollu_Mehmed_Pasha

  • Ottoman Egypt
  • Administrative division of the Ottoman Empire from (1517–1867)

    M.; Gray, Richard (1975). Fage, J.D.; Oliver, Roland (eds.). "Egypt, the Funj and Darfur". The Cambridge History of Africa. IV. London, New York, Melbourne:

    Ottoman Egypt

    Ottoman Egypt

    Ottoman_Egypt

  • Nubia
  • Region in northern Sudan and southern Egypt

    refugees eventually established Kingdom of Fazughli that was only conquered by Funj later in 1685. A vast majority of the Nubian population is currently Muslim

    Nubia

    Nubia

    Nubia

  • 1922 regnal list of Ethiopia
  • Pseudohistorical list of Ethiopian monarchs from 4530 BCE to 1779 CE

    Dongola" (i.e., Makuria) (c. 1145–1820), and the "kings of Sennar" (i.e., Funj Sultanate). However, the 1922 Ethiopian regnal list ignores Nubian and Sudanese

    1922 regnal list of Ethiopia

    1922 regnal list of Ethiopia

    1922_regnal_list_of_Ethiopia

  • List of Assassin's Creed characters
  • Trickster". Odai Dunqas (died 1511) is a cousin of the first ruler of the Funj Sultanate and a member of the Byzantine Rite of the Templar Order. In 1511

    List of Assassin's Creed characters

    List_of_Assassin's_Creed_characters

  • Mohamed Hamad Satti
  • Sudanese physician (1913–2005)

    jaundice in Al Qadarif, presbycusis in the Mabans tribe living southern Funj, filariasis in Geneina, the adverse effects of the consumption of high-nitrate-well-water

    Mohamed Hamad Satti

    Mohamed Hamad Satti

    Mohamed_Hamad_Satti

  • History of Islam
  • hadith, biographical traditions concerning Muhammad, and historical chronicles, although many surviving works containing accounts of the earliest Islamic

    History of Islam

    History of Islam

    History_of_Islam

  • History of Africa
  • Wassoulou in West Africa; dʿmt, Aksum, Ethiopia, Damot, Ifat, Adal, Ajuran, Funj, Kitara, Kilwa, Sakalava, Imerina, Rombo, Bunyoro, Buganda, and Rwanda in

    History of Africa

    History_of_Africa

  • Eritrean nationality law
  • The western part of the territory of what is now Eritrea was part of the Funj Sultanate, which arose in 1504 and surrendered to the Ottoman Empire's Egyptian

    Eritrean nationality law

    Eritrean nationality law

    Eritrean_nationality_law

  • 1500s (decade)
  • Decade

    – Babur besieges and captures Kabul. Islamization of the Sudan region: A Funj leader, Amara Dunqas, founds the Sultanate of Sennar. Sheikh Ahmed, the final

    1500s (decade)

    1500s (decade)

    1500s_(decade)

  • Spread of Islam in Indonesia
  • Islamic conversion of Indonesia

    survey of the ocean's shores' (1433) a written account by Zheng He's chronicler and translator Ma Huan: "the main states of the northern part of Sumatra

    Spread of Islam in Indonesia

    Spread of Islam in Indonesia

    Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia

  • Sudanese Greeks
  • Ethnic group in Sudan

    since at least in the late 17th century, some Greek merchants settled in the Funj Sultanate of Sennar. One century later, the Scottish explorer James Bruce

    Sudanese Greeks

    Sudanese Greeks

    Sudanese_Greeks

  • Doms in Sudan
  • Ethnic group

    Retrieved 2025-08-27. "صانع أفلام "يؤرخ" لحياة الغجر في السودان" [Filmmaker chronicles the lives of the Roma in Sudan]. النيلين [The Nile] (in Arabic). 2018-03-09

    Doms in Sudan

    Doms_in_Sudan

  • 1710s
  • Decade

    launching the War of the Quadruple Alliance. Islamization of Sudan: The Funj warrior aristocracy deposes the reigning mek and places one of their own

    1710s

    1710s

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