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Physical components of roads etc
Hard infrastructure, also known as tangible or built infrastructure, is the physical infrastructure of roads, bridges, tunnels, railways, airports, ports
Hard_infrastructure
Facilities and systems serving society
different types of infrastructure is to classify them as two distinct kinds: hard infrastructure and soft infrastructure. Hard infrastructure is the physical
Infrastructure
Services supporting economic and social standards
standards of a population, as opposed to the hard infrastructure, which is the physical infrastructure of roads, bridges etc. It includes both physical
Soft_infrastructure
The infrastructure policy of the United States is the set of objectives and programs of the federal government to build, maintain, and regulate hard infrastructure
Infrastructure policy of the United States
Infrastructure_policy_of_the_United_States
Methods for reducing detrimental effects of flood waters
floodwaters physically, while non-structural methods do not. Building hard infrastructure to prevent flooding, such as flood walls, is effective at managing
Flood_management
Rise of water associated with a low-pressure weather system
Communities and governments can adapt by building hard infrastructure, like flood barriers, soft infrastructure, like coastal dunes or mangroves, improving
Storm_surge
2007 American action film directed by Len Wiseman
the nation's infrastructure. Justin Long, Cliff Curtis, Maggie Q, Mary Elizabeth Winstead and Kevin Smith also star. Live Free or Die Hard was released
Live_Free_or_Die_Hard
Set of information technology components that are the foundation of an IT service
users to access technology. As a result, IT infrastructures have become more complex, and therefore it is harder for managers to oversee the end to end operations
IT_infrastructure
potential major infrastructure initiative. Although both sides of the political aisle recognized the need to upgrade American hard infrastructure, no major
Infrastructure policy of Donald Trump
Infrastructure_policy_of_Donald_Trump
Electro-mechanical data storage device
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical computer data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data
Hard_disk_drive
American action film series
Die Hard is an American action film series and media franchise that originated with Roderick Thorp's 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever. All five films revolve
Die_Hard_(franchise)
System that can issue, distribute and verify digital certificates
A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures used to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke
Public_key_infrastructure
Loss-of-control incident at OpenAI
escaped their testing sandbox to access the Internet and breach the infrastructure of Hugging Face, a computational tools company. Contributing factors
OpenAI–HuggingFace_incident
Water overflow submerging usually-dry land
floodwaters physically, while non-structural methods do not. Building hard infrastructure to prevent flooding, such as flood walls, is effective at managing
Flood
Legislation of the 117th United States Congress
The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), also known as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), (H.R. 3684) is a United States federal statute
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
Infrastructure_Investment_and_Jobs_Act
Facilities for use by cyclists
Cycling infrastructure is all infrastructure cyclists are allowed to use. Bikeways include bike paths, bike lanes, cycle tracks, rail trails and, where
Cycling_infrastructure
Systems and services that enable open science
Open Science Infrastructure (or open scholarly infrastructure) is information infrastructure that supports the open sharing of scientific productions
Open_Science_Infrastructure
Government finance company
University of Technology (DUT) student village. Economic or hard infrastructure is all infrastructure necessary for the functioning of a modern industrial nation
Development Bank of Southern Africa
Development_Bank_of_Southern_Africa
Type of urban hub
networks will require investment in hard infrastructure, such as transport and communications, and soft infrastructure to facilitate greater economic, social
Secondary_city
Process and policies to improve economic well-being
ability to use hard infrastructure (railways, roads, ports, airports, harbours, etc.), and telecommunications and other soft infrastructure like the Internet
Economic_development
Subdiscipline of geography concentrating on urban areas
landscape. Urban environments are composed of hard infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, and soft infrastructure, such as health and social services. The
Urban_geography
Investment firm specializing in infrastructure
Copenhagen Infrastructure Energy Transition Fund I K/S - established in 2022 with a total commitment of EUR 3bn (hard cap). Copenhagen Infrastructure Advanced
Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners
Copenhagen_Infrastructure_Partners
American author and architecture critic (born 1959)
earliest essays to call attention to the deplorable state of America's hard infrastructure ("American Collapse", 2007); an essay on the role of public/private
Sarah_Williams_Goldhagen
Private equity investment firm
specialized types of real estate. The data infrastructure team invests primarily in hard asset infrastructure businesses underpinning the digital economy
GI_Partners
Loan with a below-market rate of interest
China's Export-Import Bank to Angola in October 2004 to help build infrastructure. In return, the Angolan government gave China a stake in oil exploration
Soft_loan
Estate management organisation of the Ministry of Defence in the United Kingdom
Defence Infrastructure Organisation (DIO) is an operating arm of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in the United Kingdom, which is responsible for the built
Defence Infrastructure Organisation
Defence_Infrastructure_Organisation
Type of flooding
floodwaters physically, while non-structural methods do not. Building hard infrastructure to prevent flooding, such as flood walls, is effective at managing
Coastal_flooding
Maintenance of public infrastructure assets
Infrastructure asset management is the integrated, multidisciplinary set of strategies in sustaining public infrastructure assets such as water treatment
Infrastructure asset management
Infrastructure_asset_management
Natural satellite orbiting Earth
Earth, and Mars". In Stephen J. Mackwell, Amy A. Simon-Miller, Jerald W. Harder, Mark A. Bullock (ed.). Comparative Climatology of Terrestrial Planets (PDF)
Moon
Indian film actor, politician, film director, film producer, businessman
in India. CEO Karnataka Nandi Infrastructure Corridor Enterprise Ltd. "Karnataka election 2018: Kheny may find it hard to cut this electoral deal". The
Ashok_Kheny
Production goal or limit
level to the policy level, such as the development of hard infrastructure and soft infrastructure and human resources development. JICA also provides assistance
Foreign aid institutions of Japan
Foreign_aid_institutions_of_Japan
Nigerian lawyer and investment banker (born 1953)
is chairman and managing partner at the private equity firm Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP). Ogunlesi was the former head of global investment banking
Adebayo_Ogunlesi
Integrated resort in Broward County, Florida, U.S.
The Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood is an integrated resort in Broward County, Florida, United States, part of the Miami/Fort Lauderdale metropolitan
Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood
Seminole_Hard_Rock_Hotel_&_Casino_Hollywood
Character in Die Hard, played by Bruce Willis
John McClane is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Die Hard franchise, which is based on Joe Leland from Roderick Thorp's action novel Nothing
John_McClane
American technology entrepreneur (born 1966)
Hewlett-Packard acquired in 2007. Horowitz is the author of The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers, a book
Ben_Horowitz
Country in South Asia
the frequency of large-scale famines; moreover, despite the risks of infrastructure development being borne by Indian taxpayers, little industrial employment
India
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Development Goal 9 (SDG 9 or Goal 9) is about "industry, innovation and infrastructure" and is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United
Sustainable Development Goal 9
Sustainable_Development_Goal_9
Facility used to house computer servers
information, including computer systems and associated components, housing IT infrastructure, and training artificial intelligence. The United States' act of Congress
Data_center
Country in Northwestern Europe
honour of Queen Elizabeth II in 2016 and opened in 2022. Another major infrastructure project is High Speed 2 (HS2), a high-speed railway under construction
United_Kingdom
Wave of Russian attacks during its invasion of Ukraine
civilian areas beyond the battlefield, particularly critical power infrastructure, which is considered a war crime. By mid-2024 the country only had a
Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure
Electric pickup truck
them in parallel for compatibility with widespread 400 V DC charging infrastructure. The service menu shows the current state of "Series" or "Parallel"
Tesla_Cybertruck
American politician and community organizer
one uses it, they [drivers] park there. We would like to see the hard infrastructure removed." As Councilwoman, she's led efforts on expanding the MTA's
Selvena_Brooks-Powers
Fungible item produced to satisfy wants or needs
increasingly to non-listed assets such as a commodities and commodity-related infrastructure. In classical political economy and especially in Karl Marx's critique
Commodity
Global conflict from 1914 to 1918
to a significant post-1908 expansion of railways and transportation infrastructure, particularly in its western border regions. Since Germany and Austria-Hungary
World_War_I
Statistical analysis of written publications
dedicated hard infrastructure and though there may be a nascent community, there is no formal membership." Since 2015, open science infrastructures, platforms
Bibliometrics
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
White Terror. By the end of the violent civil war, Russia's economy and infrastructure were heavily damaged, and as many as 10 million perished during the
Russia
Coastal neighborhood in Rockport, Massachusetts
industries. The availability of quarried granite and the construction of hard infrastructure became part of the Cape's cultural imaginary. In the early 1900s
Long_Beach_(Rockport)
Country in Southern Africa
Protected Areas. South Africa has the largest and most extensive transport infrastructure in Africa, comprising an integrated network of roads, railways, airports
South_Africa
Archipelagic country in Southeast Asia
election to Ferdinand Marcos. Early in his presidency, Marcos began infrastructure projects funded mostly by foreign loans; this improved the economy,
Philippines
Major floods in Thailand
year on average. However, the sheer weight of Bangkok's ever expanding infrastructure has exacerbated the problem. Bangkok has some 700 buildings more than
2011_Thailand_floods
Country in East Asia
or apps, utilizing the 4G and 5G internet infrastructure in South Korea. South Korea has the infrastructure to meet a high density of population and culture;
South_Korea
List of characters appearing in the film series Die Hard
shut down the US infrastructure in order to steal billions of dollars from the Woodlawn Facility. She appeared in Live Free or Die Hard. She is portrayed
List_of_Die_Hard_characters
addressing regulatory reform and other steps—that in contrast to hard infrastructure—constitute the major part of why engaging in trade takes longer in
Trade facilitation and development
Trade_facilitation_and_development
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
of strategic bombers and during war situation was to eradicate enemy infrastructure and nuclear capacity. The air force also had a number of fighters and
Soviet_Union
U.S.-led multinational security coalition
cooperation, cooperate on border security, trafficking and critical-infrastructure protection, and participate in a coalition against what the document
Shield_of_the_Americas
Cloud-computing software company
professionals to provision, secure, run and connect cloud-computing infrastructure. It was founded in 2012 by Mitchell Hashimoto and Armon Dadgar. The
HashiCorp
Country in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Timur then devastated the Golden Horde, destroying much of its urban infrastructure, trade, and economy. His forces ravaged the North Caucasus, Volga region
Kazakhstan
Measure used to restrict access by age
likely to know the answer to (such as, for example, "All politicians are: a. hard-working, b. honest, c. on the public payroll"), in order to launch the game
Age_verification
Special administrative region of China
the Late Neolithic period. Bronze Age Hong Kong featured coarse pottery, hard pottery, quartz and stone jewelry, as well as small bronze implements. The
Hong_Kong
President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)
Care Act, abolishing Common Core education standards, investing in infrastructure, simplifying the tax code while reducing taxes, and imposing tariffs
Donald_Trump
Semiconductor memory supply crisis
increasing wafer capacity to HBM production to meet contracts with AI infrastructure providers, the supply of conventional DDR4 and DDR5 modules for consumer
2025–present global memory supply shortage
2025–present_global_memory_supply_shortage
Category of computer technology
proprietary systems to complex software portfolios that rely on IT infrastructure. This change was termed IT OT convergence. The concept of aligning and
Operational_technology
On-demand cloud computing provider
(CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) for processing; local/RAM memory; hard-disk (HDD)/SSD storage; a choice of operating systems; networking; and pre-loaded
Amazon_Web_Services
Leader of China since 2012
the largest infrastructure investment by a great power since the Marshall Plan. In 2015, Xi announced the founding of the Asia Infrastructure Investment
Xi_Jinping
Chinese global infrastructure project
cohesive economic area by building both hard infrastructure such as rail and road links and soft infrastructure such as trade agreements and a common commercial
Belt_and_Road_Initiative
National security institution
In the U.S., critical infrastructure protection (CIP) is a concept that relates to the preparedness and response to serious incidents that involve the
U.S. critical infrastructure protection
U.S._critical_infrastructure_protection
American AI company (founded 2024)
Prime Intellect, Inc. is an American artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure and computing technology company headquartered in San Francisco, California
Prime_Intellect
Passage carrying utility lines
institutional, or commercial sites, where multiple large-scale services infrastructure (gas, water, power, heat, steam, compressed air, telecommunications
Utility_tunnel
Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014
nuclear weapons, and that a hostile NATO was building up its forces and infrastructure in Ukraine. He said Russia sought the "demilitarisation and denazification"
Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
Russo-Ukrainian_war_(2022–present)
Hong Kong businessman
managing director of CK Asset Holdings Limited and the chairman of CK Infrastructure Holdings Limited. He is the elder son of tycoon Li Ka-shing and the
Victor_Li_Tzar-kuoi
Canadian politician (born 1986)
Avenue in his ward, and notes the importance of active transportation infrastructure in not only recovery from the pandemic, but also "our long term physical
Brad_Bradford
Classification of a startup company
problems being solved by deep tech (and hard tech companies) generate valuable intellectual property which is hard to reproduce. The term "deep tech" has
Deep_tech
Island country in the Mediterranean Sea
Woodhead Publishing. p. 144. ISBN 978-1-85573-278-0. Halloumi is a semi-hard to hard, unripened cheese that traditionally is made from either sheep's or goat's
Cyprus
American multinational technology company
announced a $30 billion fund, the Global AI Infrastructure Investment Partnership, to invest in AI infrastructure such as data centers and energy projects
Microsoft
Member of the British royal family (1961–1997)
not a "target of [their] massive, worldwide electronic eavesdropping infrastructure". Despite multiple inquiries for the files to be declassified—with one
Diana,_Princess_of_Wales
Overview of bicycle safety concerns
There is debate over the safety implications of cycling infrastructure (e.g. cycle tracks, protected intersections). Recent studies generally affirm that
Safety of cycling infrastructure
Safety_of_cycling_infrastructure
President of the United States from 1861 to 1865
losses by mobilizing support throughout the North. Union forces targeted infrastructure—plantations, railroads, and bridges—to weaken the South's morale and
Abraham_Lincoln
Country in West Asia
of the Gaza Strip and the Gaza War have caused severe damage to the infrastructure in the Gaza Strip. Concerning wastewater, the existing treatment plants
Palestine
Political party
centuries, it dominated national politics, promoting protective tariffs, infrastructure development, and laissez-faire economic policies, while navigating internal
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
US artificial intelligence company
OpenAI. OpenAI partners with the US government via the Stargate Project infrastructure venture, and with the Department of Defense, Los Alamos National Laboratory
OpenAI
Hypothesis about intelligent agents
help them cheat. A good example is they worked pretty hard to get better internet infrastructure for themselves. They often think in their chain of thought
Instrumental_convergence
Motorsport race track in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
Istanbul, Marina Bay, and Yas Marina. As part of a series of major infrastructure projects in the 1990s under Mahathir Mohamad's government, the Sepang
Sepang_International_Circuit
2001 terror attacks in the U.S.
long-term health consequences while causing at least US$10 billion in infrastructure and property damage. It remains the deadliest terrorist attack in history
September_11_attacks
American multinational technology conglomerate
sellers") to sell products through Amazon's warehouses and fulfillment infrastructure. In March 2008, Amazon bought Audible for about $300 million. The AmazonBasics
Amazon_(company)
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
popularly called Jokowi, was elected president in 2014 and prioritised infrastructure and economic development, which he linked to improving welfare. Indonesia
Indonesia
Country in South America
Aerocivil, responsible for civil aviation and airports, the National Infrastructure Agency, in charge of concessions through public–private partnerships
Colombia
Free and open-source platform for software and data analysis
models were imported via the CDIF standard. Initially, Moose provided for a hard-coded importer and served as basis for simple visualization and program fact
Moose_(analysis)
American semiconductor company
manufacturer, and global supplier of a wide range of semiconductor and infrastructure software products. Broadcom's product offerings serve the data center
Broadcom
Indian government owned company
real-time data from hard-to-reach areas. BIM (Building Information Modelling): NHIDCL has been experimenting with BIM for complex infrastructure projects to create
National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited
National_Highways_and_Infrastructure_Development_Corporation_Limited
Emergency population warning system used in Canada
Canadian television, radio, and wireless devices. The system consists of infrastructure and standards for the presentation and distribution of public alerts
Alert_Ready
German multinational conglomerate
2023, the principal divisions of Siemens are Digital Industries, Smart Infrastructure, Mobility, and Financial Services, with Siemens Mobility operating as
Siemens
Systematic method of maintaining assets
(physical objects such as complex process plants or manufacturing plants, infrastructure, buildings or equipment) and to intangible assets (such as intellectual
Asset_management
Conflict in which all of a nation's resources are deployed
a type of warfare where a society's entire economy, population, and infrastructure are considered part of the war effort. It mobilises the totality of
Total_war
Country with a developed economy and infrastructure
high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria
Developed_country
Search engine from Google
significant speed improvements and a new "under-the-hood" indexing infrastructure. The move was interpreted in some quarters as a response to Microsoft's
Google_Search
Country in West Asia
minister Ariel Sharon began to draw up plans to attack PLO military infrastructure in West Beirut, where PLO headquarters and command bunkers were located
Lebanon
Country in Central Africa
developed countries, having suffered from political instability, lack of infrastructure, rampant corruption, and centuries of commercial and colonial extraction
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo
Country in West Asia
social development progress at an extremely rapid rate, transforming the infrastructure and educational system of the country; in foreign policy, close ties
Saudi_Arabia
Country in Central Asia
Investments in the amount of US dollars were made and a developed modern infrastructure was built. All international flights are carried out on Boeing 767/757
Uzbekistan
Ongoing conflict since 2014
Russian forces. Russia has also systematically attacked Ukrainian medical infrastructure, with the World Health Organization reporting 1,422 attacks as of 21
Russo-Ukrainian_war
travel, tourism, insurance
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