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Eugenics as theorized or practiced in Spain
Hispanic eugenics are eugenics based around the political purification of a people, developed in Spain during the interwar period and put into practice
Hispanic_eugenics
"Race improvement" as historically sought in the US
Eugenics, the set of beliefs and practices which aims at improving the genetic quality of the human population, played a significant role in the history
Eugenics_in_the_United_States
British eugenist, polymath, and behavioural geneticist (1822–1911)
1822 – 17 January 1911) was an English polymath and the originator of eugenics during the Victorian era; his ideas later became the basis of behavioural
Francis_Galton
Effort to improve purported human genetic quality
Eugenics is a largely discredited set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population. Historically, eugenicists
Eugenics
20th-century global conferences
Three International Eugenics Congresses took place between 1912 and 1932 and were the global venue for scientists, politicians, and social leaders to plan
International Eugenics Conference
International_Eugenics_Conference
Overview of and topical guide to eugenics
following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to eugenics. Eugenics is a largely discredited set of beliefs and practices that aim to
Outline_of_eugenics
Revolution, the eugenics movement gained prominence in Mexico. Seeking to change the genetic make-up of the country's population, proponents of eugenics in Mexico
Eugenics_in_Mexico
Eugenics has influenced political, public health and social movements in Japan since the late 19th and early 20th century. Originally brought to Japan
Eugenics_in_Japan
Racial ideology favouring white skin
Discrimination based on skin color Gente de razón Hispanic eugenics Limpieza de sangre Hispanidad History of eugenics Race and ethnicity in Latin America Racial
Blanqueamiento
Painting by Modesto Broco
of race with the construction of nationalities. In Europe, the idea of eugenics was held and disseminated by various scholars, including Francis Galton
Ham's_Redemption
Children taken from Republican parents
parents by the regime after the war for political or social reasons. Hispanic eugenics was pioneered by doctors like Antonio Vallejo Nájera and Gregorio
Lost_children_of_Francoism
Pro-eugenics organization (1922-2019)
The American Eugenics Society (AES) was a pro-eugenics organization dedicated to "furthering the discussion, advancement, and dissemination of knowledge
American_Eugenics_Society
heteronormativity became linchpins in the new fascist Spain, underpinned by Hispanic eugenics. Under this system, anyone who did not adhere to state and religious
Gender roles in Francoist Spain
Gender_roles_in_Francoist_Spain
Nazi-era institute studying eugenics
The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics was a research institute founded in 1927 in Berlin, Germany. The Rockefeller
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics
Kaiser_Wilhelm_Institute_of_Anthropology,_Human_Heredity,_and_Eugenics
Nazi German policy of the murder of "undesirable" persons
The social policies of eugenics in Nazi Germany were composed of various ideas about genetics. The racial ideology of Nazism placed the biological improvement
Nazi_eugenics
English eugenicist and polymath (1857–1936)
field of biometrics. Pearson was also a proponent of Social Darwinism and eugenics, and his thought is an example of what is today described as scientific
Karl_Pearson
1929 book by Bertrand Russell
discusses eugenics, expressing humanitarian reservations about many aspects and cautious approval for others. On the topic of "negative eugenics" (selecting
Marriage_and_Morals
Former Vermont government survey
The Eugenics Survey of Vermont was a survey that gathered biological, familial, and social information of Vermonters in order to further eugenic policies
Eugenics_Survey_of_Vermont
Chilean physician, writer and eugenicist
Nicolás Palacios Navarro (September 9, 1854 – June 11, 1911) was a Chilean physician and writer born in Santa Cruz, best known for his writings on the
Nicolás_Palacios
Mexican lawyer, author, and Secretary of Education (1881–1959)
National Library of Mexico (1940) and presided over the Mexican Institute of Hispanic Culture (1948). José Vasconcelos died on 30 June 1959 in the Tacubaya neighborhood
José_Vasconcelos
Eugenics research institute at Cold Spring Harbor, New York
The Eugenics Record Office (ERO), located in Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States, was a research institute that gathered biological and social
Eugenics_Record_Office
British learned society for scholar-activism regarding genetics
Sybil Gotto in 1907 as the Eugenics Education Society, with the aim of promoting the research and understanding of eugenics. Members came predominately
Adelphi_Genetics_Forum
Spanish painter (1852–1936)
Modesto Brocos y Gómez (9 February 1852 – 28 November 1936) was a Galician-Brazilian painter and engraver. His work covers a wide variety of styles and
Modesto_Brocos
American eugenicist (1880–1943)
the Eugenics Record Office from its inception in 1910 to its closure in 1939, and was among the most active individuals influencing American eugenics policy
Harry_H._Laughlin
Nazi killing facility
of 1924 Canadian eugenics The Famous Five Sexual Sterilization Act French Eugenics Japanese eugenics Hispanic eugenics Mexican eugenics Swedish sterilization
Hartheim_killing_centre
British physician, eugenicist, writer and social reformer (1859–1939)
conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one of 16 vice-presidents of the Eugenics Society from 1909 to 1912. Ellis, son of Edward
Havelock_Ellis
Canadian government agency
The Alberta Eugenics Board was an agency created by the Alberta government in 1928 that attempted to impose sterilization on a disabled subset of its population
Alberta_Eugenics_Board
American writer (1875–1950)
Angeles, named after the character. Burroughs was an explicit supporter of eugenics and scientific racism in both his fiction and nonfiction; Tarzan was meant
Edgar_Rice_Burroughs
British socialist organisation founded in 1884
contemporary eugenics movement, which was particularly popular among progressive intellectuals at the time. Rather than a peripheral interest, eugenics provided
Fabian_Society
Idea about population growth and food supply
influenced by Darwin's ideas, both schools coming to influence the field of eugenics. Henry Fairfield Osborn Jr. advocated "humane birth selection through humane
Malthusianism
1883 book by Francis Galton
their subsequent measurement. In this text he also references the idea of eugenics and coined the term for the first time (though he had published his ideas
Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development
Inquiries_into_Human_Faculty_and_Its_Development
Antisemitism Authoritarianism Totalitarianism Corporativism Falangism Hispanic eugenics Militarism Monarchism Natalism National Catholicism National conservatism
Death and funeral of Francisco Franco
Death_and_funeral_of_Francisco_Franco
American biologist and eugenicist (1866–1944)
February 18, 1944) was a biologist and eugenicist influential in the American eugenics movement. He taught at Harvard University and the University of Chicago
Charles_Davenport
Efforts to avoid miscegenation, analogous to an animal breeder seeking purebred animals
describe an approach to eugenics in the early 20th century, which found its most extensive implementation in Nazi Germany (Nazi eugenics). It was marked by
Racial_hygiene
American botanist and horticulturist (1849–1926)
human beings should be selectively bred, and he was active in the American eugenics movement and wrote in publications of the American Breeders' Association
Luther_Burbank
Spanish academic (1887–1960)
Gregorio Marañón y Posadillo, OWL ([ɡɾeˈɣoɾjo maɾaˈɲon]; 19 May 1887 – 27 March 1960) was a Spanish physician, scientist, historian, writer and philosopher
Gregorio_Marañón
Son of Charles Darwin (1850–1943)
Royal Geographical Society from 1908 to 1911 and chairman of the British Eugenics Society from 1911 to 1928 – succeeding his half-cousin once removed Francis
Leonard_Darwin
Far-right organization
publish "race science", a pseudoscientific belief in support of racism and eugenics. Its publications are presented through the Aporia Magazine and Mankind
Human_Diversity_Foundation
of eugenics. Works on the philosophy, ethics, science, law, culture and contemporary debates of eugenics are listed in the Bibliography of eugenics. Eugenics
Bibliography of the history of eugenics
Bibliography_of_the_history_of_eugenics
American physician (1852–1943)
reforms advocated by the Battle Creek Progressive Friends movement and the eugenics policies espoused by many in the Progressive Movement. He was the director
John_Harvey_Kellogg
German philosopher (born 1947)
of 1924 Canadian eugenics The Famous Five Sexual Sterilization Act French Eugenics Japanese eugenics Hispanic eugenics Mexican eugenics Swedish sterilization
Peter_Sloterdijk
Controversial medical practice in Canada
widespread in the early to mid-20th century. Laws based on the principles of eugenics led to the compulsory sterilization of thousands of individuals, many of
Compulsory sterilization in Canada
Compulsory_sterilization_in_Canada
American philanthropic organization
a statement condemning eugenics and supporting the anti-eugenics movement. He stated that "[...] we commend the Anti-Eugenics Project for their essential
Rockefeller_Foundation
International organization focused on eugenics
individuals focused on eugenics. Founded in London in 1912, where it was originally titled the Permanent International Eugenics Committee, it was an outgrowth
International Federation of Eugenics Organizations
International_Federation_of_Eugenics_Organizations
American psychologist (1890–1943)
American Eugenics Society (later known as the Society for Biodemography and Social Biology) and his early writings heavily influenced the eugenics movement
Carl_Brigham
American author, journalist, and social activist (1876–1916)
Reviews, stating, "I believe the future belongs to eugenics, and will be determined by the practice of eugenics." Although this led some to argue for forced
Jack_London
American eugenicist (1888–1979)
popular college textbook on eugenics (Applied Eugenics, edited by Richard T. Ely), which outlined his vision of a eugenics program that primarily relied
Paul_Popenoe
American political activist (1891–1972)
of strict racial segregation. In 1937, he founded the Pioneer Fund for eugenics and heredity research; he later became its principal benefactor. Draper
Wickliffe_Draper
Natalist privileges awarded in the Roman Empire
of 1924 Canadian eugenics The Famous Five Sexual Sterilization Act French Eugenics Japanese eugenics Hispanic eugenics Mexican eugenics Swedish sterilization
Jus_trium_liberorum
Spanish psychiatrist (1889–1960)
Vallejo-Nájera (1888–1960) was a Spanish psychiatrist. He was interested in eugenics and proposed a link between Marxism and intellectual disability, something
Antonio_Vallejo-Nájera
Eugenics and racial hygiene organization
The Race Betterment Foundation was a eugenics and racial hygiene organization founded in 1914 at Battle Creek, Michigan by John Harvey Kellogg due to his
Race_Betterment_Foundation
French surgeon and biologist (1873–1944)
Populaire Français (PPF) during the 1930s and his role in implementing eugenics policies during Vichy France, he was accused after the Liberation of collaboration
Alexis_Carrel
American psychologist (1874–1949)
success, or the lesson would not sink in. Thorndike was a proponent of eugenics. He argued that "selective breeding can alter man's capacity to learn,
Edward_Thorndike
1939 eugenic-supporting article
Eugenics manifesto was the name given to an article rejecting eugenics, published in 1939 in the journal Nature, entitled Social Biology and Population
Eugenics_manifesto
Spanish physician, neurologist, medical writer, philosopher and politician
shown below in his published works. Albiñana later became a supporter of eugenics. In the 1920s, Albiñana continued his activity in Mexico, in the Mexican
José_María_Albiñana
Brazilian scholar, writer, and politician (1900–1987)
Congress for the Hispanic Division’s audio literary archive on March 30, 1975 Gilberto Freyre recorded for the literary archive in the Hispanic Division at
Gilberto_Freyre
British Liberal politician, economist, and social reformer (1879–1963)
the serious study of eugenics led to Beveridge's departure from the school in 1937. In the 1940s, Beveridge credited the Eugenics Society with promoting
William_Beveridge
Cuban guerilla and doctor (1853–1933)
Ramos Delgado posited the idea of homiculture, which integrated into the eugenics movement with the two diverging in thought. Hernández was born in Colón
Eusebio_Hernández_Pérez
American educational psychologist, academic, and eugenicist (1877–1956)
December 21, 1956) was an American psychologist, academic, and proponent of eugenics. He was noted as a pioneer in educational psychology in the early 20th
Lewis_Terman
British physicist (1887–1962)
retirement, his attention turned to issues of population, genetics, and eugenics. His conclusions were pessimistic and entailed a resigned belief in an
Charles_Galton_Darwin
American white supremacist author (1883–1950)
scientist and white supremacist. Stoddard wrote several books which advocated eugenics, white supremacy, Nordicism, and scientific racism, including The Rising
Lothrop_Stoddard
Eugenic experiments in 19th-century United States
perfectionist commune near Oneida, New York) was the first "positive" eugenics experiment in American history, resulting in the planned conception, birth
Oneida_stirpiculture
Brazilian psychiatrist (1872–1933)
of 1924 Canadian eugenics The Famous Five Sexual Sterilization Act French Eugenics Japanese eugenics Hispanic eugenics Mexican eugenics Swedish sterilization
Juliano_Moreira
British birth control campaigner and palaeobotanist (1880–1958)
October 1958) was a British author, palaeobotanist and campaigner for eugenics and women's rights. She made significant contributions to plant palaeontology
Marie_Stopes
English demographer (born 1946)
Institute, formerly known as the Eugenics Society; however, the Institute at the time did not do "research into eugenics". In 2013, Coleman's analysis said
David_Coleman_(demographer)
Non-fiction book by José Vasconcelos
support so-called "negative eugenics" or Social Darwinism, he did advocate for a "eugenics of aesthetics." Palacios describes eugenics of aesthetics as a survival
La_raza_cósmica
Romanian-American Internet personality (born 1980)
addition of an introduction section. In the book Alamariu makes a case for eugenics and challenges contemporary Western morality by celebrating Nietzschean
Bronze_Age_Pervert
Austrian zoologist (1903–1989)
also cause dysgenic effects, and to argue in two papers that the Nazi eugenics policies against this were therefore scientifically justified. In 1940
Konrad_Lorenz
Areas of the women's suffrage movement which overlapped with eugenics
feminism was a current of the women's suffrage movement which overlapped with eugenics. Originally coined by the Lebanese-British physician and vocal eugenicist
Eugenic_feminism
Belgian astronomer, mathematician, and sociologist (1796–1874)
l'homme moyen ("the average man") played a key role in the origins of eugenics. Adolphe was born in Ghent (which, at the time, was part of the new French
Adolphe_Quetelet
Czech-American anthropologist (1869–1943)
linked to the development of American eugenics laws. In 1926, he was an advisory member of the American Eugenics Society. On 6 August 1896, Hrdlička married
Aleš_Hrdlička
Defunct Swedish pseudoscientific research institute
research institute founded in 1922 with the stated purpose of studying eugenics and human genetics. It was the most prominent institution for the study
State Institute for Racial Biology
State_Institute_for_Racial_Biology
Pro-segregation eugenics group
Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics (IAAEE) was an organisation that promoted eugenics and segregation, and the first publisher of Mankind
International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics
International_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Ethnology_and_Eugenics
Chinese sociologist, eugenist, and writer (1898–1967)
also a renowned expert on education. His wide research scope included eugenics, education policy, matrimony policy, familial problems, prostitute policy
Pan_Guangdan
Chilean doctor and eugenicist
doctor who advocated eugenics in his 1939 book Eugenesia (Eugenics). He was part of the Second Peruvian Conference on Eugenics held in Peru in 1943.
Hans_Betzhold
American physician and activist (1866–1957)
November 15, 1943. He was a vocal proponent of racial segregation and eugenics, specifically, the compulsory sterilization of the mentally ill. Joseph
Joseph_DeJarnette
Views of the British philosopher on the state and society
for negative eugenics, but only that of "mental defectives", condemning some laws for being overly broad. He also cautioned that eugenics policies had
Political views of Bertrand Russell
Political_views_of_Bertrand_Russell
Canadian politician (1868–1933)
"Murphy, Emily". The Eugenics Archives. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2020. Wikipedia: Alberta Eugenics Murphy, Emily (September
Emily_Murphy
American psychologist and eugenicist
Wiggam called eugenics a "new social and political Bible." He quoted Bible passages that he thought reflected eugenic beliefs. Wiggam's eugenics works and
Albert_E._Wiggam
Japanese anarchist and feminist writer (1886–1971)
surrounding Hiratsuka's career in that it saw her aligning herself with the eugenics movement, asserting that the spread of venereal diseases was having a detrimental
Hiratsuka_Raichō
Index of articles associated with the same name
numbers. This includes the 2016 Gambela raid and 2017 Gambela raid. Hispanic eugenics was pioneered by psychiatrist Antonio Vallejo-Nájera who proposed
Forced_adoption
Canadian author, activist, suffragist and politician (1873–1951)
her view in the Grain Growers' Guide. McClung was an advocate for the eugenics movement in Alberta. She supported the Sexual Sterilization Act, which
Nellie_McClung
1951 science fiction story by Cyril Kornbluth
Without Jews A Day Without a Mexican Fertility and intelligence Flynn effect Eugenics and Dysgenics The Gene Bomb Harrison Bergeron Idiocracy The Man Who Sold
The_Marching_Morons
British polymath (1890–1962)
Galton Professor of Eugenics at University College London and editor of the Annals of Eugenics. Due to Fisher's association with eugenics, a number of institutions
Ronald_Fisher
German psychiatrist (1856–1926)
he actively promoted a policy and research agenda in racial hygiene and eugenics. Kraepelin retired from teaching at the age of 66, spending his remaining
Emil_Kraepelin
American white nationalist and anti-immigration activist (1934–2019)
called The Social Contract until the fall of 2019. He founded the pro-eugenics organization Society for Genetic Education. John Hamilton Tanton was born
John_Tanton
English political theorist (1893–1950)
eugenics under Karl Pearson for six months at University College London (UCL). The same year, he met and married Frida Kerry, a lecturer of eugenics.
Harold_Laski
Period of Spanish history (1936–1975)
Francoism such as "organic democracy" rooted in Medieval institutions and "Hispanic conservatism". For nearly twenty years after the war, Francoist Spain presented
Francoist_Spain
German biologist, National Socialist, and geneticist (1896–1969)
director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (KWI-A) from 1942 to 1948. From 1951 to 1965, he was Professor of Human
Otmar_Freiherr_von_Verschuer
Italian anthropologist (1841–1936)
"For a healthy, peace-loving and hardworking race': anthropology and eugenics in the writings of Giuseppe Sergi". Modern Italy. 16 (1): 51–65. doi:10
Giuseppe_Sergi
Five prominent Canadian women's rights advocates
opposition to non-white immigration and their successful campaigns to have eugenics legislation introduced in Canadian provinces, which resulted in the sterilization
The_Famous_Five_(Canada)
1973 murder in Madrid, Spain
Antisemitism Authoritarianism Totalitarianism Corporativism Falangism Hispanic eugenics Militarism Monarchism Natalism National Catholicism National conservatism
Assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco
Assassination_of_Luis_Carrero_Blanco
Spanish monumental memorial and Catholic basilica
Antisemitism Authoritarianism Totalitarianism Corporativism Falangism Hispanic eugenics Militarism Monarchism Natalism National Catholicism National conservatism
Valley_of_the_Fallen
1869 book by Francis Galton
hereditary genius and the three following generations since 1869". The Eugenics Review. 39 (4): 146–153. PMC 2986459. PMID 18903832. Eysenck, H. J. (1995-05-11)
Hereditary_Genius
is a bibliography of eugenics. It covers scholarship on the ethics, science, law, culture and contemporary debates of eugenics. Historical works are
Bibliography_of_eugenics
Ancient Roman law
of 1924 Canadian eugenics The Famous Five Sexual Sterilization Act French Eugenics Japanese eugenics Hispanic eugenics Mexican eugenics Swedish sterilization
Lex_Papia_Poppaea
1924 U.S. state law allowing compulsory sterilization for eugenic purposes
feeble-mindedness or epilepsy”. It greatly influenced the development of eugenics in the twentieth century. The act was based on model legislation written
Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924
Virginia_Sterilization_Act_of_1924
1933 compulsory sterilisation law in Nazi Germany
remained strictly forbidden. Life unworthy of life Aktion T4 Nazi eugenics Eugenics in the United States ... made active: IBM and the Holocaust, Edwin
Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring
Law_for_the_Prevention_of_Hereditarily_Diseased_Offspring
German Nazi biologist, eugenicist
researcher at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics during the Third Reich. She is known for her 1936 publication Race and
Karin_Magnussen
American philanthropist (1851–1932)
Harriman State Park and largely funding the development of the controversial Eugenics Record Office. Averell had several children; her son, W. Averell Harriman
Mary_Williamson_Harriman
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HISPANIC EUGENICS
HISPANIC EUGENICS
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