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Probable carcinogens
IARC group 2A agents are substances and exposure circumstances that have been classified as probable carcinogens by the International Agency for Research
IARC_group_2A
Classification
the IARC Monographs. IARC group 2A IARC group 2B IARC group 3 "List of Classifications, Agents classified by the IARC Monographs, Volumes 1–124". IARC Monographs
IARC_group_1
Classification of agents that are possibly carcinogenic to humans
IARC group 2B substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances are those that have been classified as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" by the International
IARC_group_2B
IARC group 3 substances, chemical mixtures and exposure circumstances are those that can not be classified in regard to their carcinogenicity to humans
IARC_group_3
Chemical compound
toxic and genotoxic. It is classified as a Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) carcinogen by the IARC. Experimentation with animals has suggested
Diethyl_sulfate
Topics referred to by the same term
2A or II-A may refer to: List of highways numbered 2A 2A self-cleaving peptides Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor IARC group 2A Keratin 2A Transcription factor
2A
Chemical compound
followed by central nervous system stimulation. It is listed as an IARC Group 2A Agent, meaning that it is "probably carcinogenic to humans". In regards
Glycidol
Chemical compound
corresponding Grignard reagent CH2=CHMgBr. Vinyl bromide is listed in List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens as a suspected human carcinogen. Vinyl chloride Allyl bromide
Vinyl_bromide
human carcinogens (IARC Group I carcinogens), as well as all nine components that are probably carcinogenic to humans (IARC Group 2A carcinogens). In addition
List of cigarette smoke carcinogens
List_of_cigarette_smoke_carcinogens
Chemical compound
retardant in plastics and textiles. Tris is mutagenic and listed as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen. It is one of the chemicals covered by the Rotterdam Convention
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)_phosphate
Chemical compound
the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as probably carcinogenic to humans (Category 2A). They have been linked to renal cancer and glioma
Lead(II)_nitrate
Chemical compound
X-ray crystallography. The central nitrogen is bound to two methyl groups and the NO group with bond angles of 120°. The N-N and N-O distances are 1.32 and
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Chemical compound
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified 4-COT as a probable human carcinogen (2A). Both assessments were based on the results of
4-Chloro-o-toluidine
Chemical compound
1-chlorofluoroethane: CH3CHClF → CH2=CHF + HCl Vinyl fluoride is classified as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen (likely to cause cancer in humans). Its critical point is
Vinyl_fluoride
Organic chemical compound
carcinogen by U.S. government agencies and classified as a Group 2A carcinogen by the IARC. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and
Acrylamide
Chemical compound
Tetrachloroethylene has been classified as "Group 2A: Probably Carcinogenic" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) due to sufficient evidence in
Tetrachloroethylene
Meat from mammals such as beef, pork, and lamb
Cancer (IARC) classified unprocessed red meat as "probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A)". To make this classification, the IARC Working Group assessed
Red_meat
Systemic herbicide and crop desiccant
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic in humans" (category 2A) based on epidemiological studies, animal
Glyphosate
The chemical composition of the electronic cigarette aerosol varies across and within manufacturers. Limited data exists regarding their chemistry. However
Composition of electronic cigarette aerosol
Composition_of_electronic_cigarette_aerosol
Chemical compound
potassium hydroxide. MNNG is a probable human carcinogen listed as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen. MNNG produces diazomethane, a known methylating agent of
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Chemical compound
dilute malathion solution. Malathion is classified by the IARC as probable carcinogen (group 2A). Malathion is classified by US EPA as having "suggestive
Malathion
Chemical compound
Research on Cancer raised ethyl carbamate to a Group 2A carcinogen, "probably carcinogenic to humans". The IARC has stated that ethyl carbamate can be "reasonably
Ethyl_carbamate
Chemical used in dye manufacturing
manufacturing. The International Agency for Research on Cancer lists it as a Group 2A carcinogen. Precise documentation for the first synthesis of o-nitroanisole
O-Nitroanisole
Chemical compound
Classification, it is a mutagen and carcinogen. According to IARC, it is classified as "IARC group 2A" (Probably carcinogenic to humans). PubChem. "Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene"
Cyclopenta(cd)pyrene
Chemical compound
Acrolein (systematic name: propenal) is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is a colorless liquid with a foul and acrid aroma. The smell of burnt fat
Acrolein
Chemical compound
Dichloromethane Fact Sheet Dichloromethane at National Toxicology Program IARC Summaries & Evaluations Vol. 71 (1999) Canadian Environmental Protection
Dichloromethane
Chemotherapy medication
His group also cloned many of the genes required for DXR production, although not all of them have been fully characterized. In 1996, Strohl's group discovered
Doxorubicin
Herbicide
is 0.035 mg/kg/day. In 2025, IARC updated the classification of atrazine to be "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A). A 2011 study that tracked
Atrazine
Traditional Paraguayan and Argentine drink
had enough. The only exception to this order is if a new guest joins the group; in this case the new arrival receives the next mate, and then the cebador
Mate_(drink)
Colorless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odor
evidence". The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rates hydrazine as "2A—probably carcinogenic to humans" with a positive association
Hydrazine
Chemical compound
reagent for the methylation of phenols, amines, and thiols. One methyl group is transferred more quickly than the second. Methyl transfer is assumed
Dimethyl_sulfate
Intergovernmental agency
beverages – around 70 °C (158 °F) – as a probable carcinogen (Group 2A). In July 2023, an IARC committee concluded that there was "limited evidence" for aspartame
International Agency for Research on Cancer
International_Agency_for_Research_on_Cancer
Phyllosilicate mineral in the pyrophyllite-talc group
to the IARC, talc containing asbestos is classified as a group 1 agent (carcinogenic to humans), talc use in the perineum is classified as group 2B (possibly
Talc
Chemical compound
K181. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified o-anisidine as a Group 2B, possible human carcinogen. Nomenclature of Organic
O-Anisidine
Chemical compound
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lead(II) chloride. IARC Monograph: "Lead and Lead Compounds" IARC Monograph: "Inorganic and Organic Lead Compounds" National
Lead(II)_chloride
Organic compound (C6H5NH2); simplest aromatic amine
inhalation of the vapour, ingestion, or percutaneous absorption. The IARC lists it in Group 2A (Probably carcinogenic to humans), and it has specifically been
Aniline
Chemical compound and pharmaceutical drug
the original on 10 May 2016. IARC Monograph: "Cisplatin" Wikiversity page for the International Ototoxicity Management Group: https://en.wikiversity
Cisplatin
Chemical compound
with the chemical formula C6H5CH=CH2. Its structure consists of a vinyl group as substituent on benzene. Styrene is a colorless, oily liquid, although
Styrene
Chemical sedative and hypnotic drug
Chloral hydrate is a geminal diol with the formula Cl3C−CH(OH)2. It was first used as a sedative and hypnotic in Germany in the 1870s. Over time it was
Chloral_hydrate
Chemical compound
patients. While there are no clinical studies on lomustine use in the 65+ age group, clinicians are recommended to exercise caution in prescribing this drug
Lomustine
Chemical compound
1,3-Propane sultone is the organosulfur compound with the formula (CH2)3SO3. It is a cyclic sulfonate ester, a class of compounds called sultones. It is
1,3-Propane_sultone
Chemical compound
After the Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974 the EPA began regulating a large group of chemicals including Epichlorohydrin. The bill required the EPA to establish
Epichlorohydrin
Gaseous exhaust produced by a diesel engine
Attainment Program List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens List of IARC Group 2B carcinogens List of IARC Group 3 possible carcinogens
Diesel_exhaust
Chemical compound
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified symmetrical dimethyl hydrazine as part of group 2A of the carcinogenesis classification, meaning
Symmetrical_dimethylhydrazine
Chemical compound
The chemical is an alkylating agent, and acts by transferring the ethyl group of ENU to nucleobases (usually thymine) in nucleic acids. Its main targets
ENU
Chemical compound
Pentachlorophenol and Some Related Compounds. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 117 (PDF). Lyon: IARC/WHO Press. pp. 193–322. ISBN 978-92-832-0184-7
Dieldrin
Family of chemical compounds
organic compounds with the bis(2-chloroethyl)amino ((ClC2H4)2NR) functional group. Although originally produced as chemical warfare agents, they were the
Nitrogen_mustard
Class of drugs
WHO organization International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) list AAS under Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans. Other side-effects can include
Anabolic_steroid
Organochlorine compound (C7H5ClO)
susceptibility (χ) −75.8×10−6 cm3/mol Viscosity 0.0012 Pa·s Structure Point group Cs Hazards GHS labelling: Pictograms ‹ The template below (GHS corrosion)
Benzoyl_chloride
Chemical compound
countries. Aldrin is a member of the so-called "classic organochlorines" (COC) group of pesticides. COCs enjoyed a very sharp rise in popularity during and after
Aldrin
Chemical compound
2018). "FDA Bans Use of 7 Synthetic Food Additives After Environmental Groups Sue". NPR. Retrieved 14 June 2021. 83 FR 50490 Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Methyl_eugenol
Chemical compound
based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals (IARC 1972, 1978, 1987). Various cancers induced in animal models include: squamous
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
Employment practice
3390/nu9030248. PMC 5372911. PMID 28282858. "Press Release N° 180". www.iarc.fr. Archived from the original on April 11, 2008. WNPR, Connecticut Public
Shift_work
Carcinogenic alkylating agent used in cancer treatment
Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), also known as methyl mesylate, is an alkylating agent and a carcinogen. It is also a suspected reproductive toxicant, and
Methyl_methanesulfonate
Chemical element with atomic number 27 (Co)
cancer (i.e., possibly carcinogenic, IARC Group 2B) as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs. It causes respiratory problems
Cobalt
Chemical compound
2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an organosulfur compound with the formula C6H4(NH)SC=S. A white solid, it is a reagent in organic synthesis and, notably, for
Mercaptobenzothiazole
Chemical compound
a colorless liquid. It is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis. 2-Bromopropane is prepared by heating isopropanol
2-Bromopropane
Chemical compound
Benzal chloride is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CHCl2. This colourless liquid is a lachrymator and is used as a building block in organic synthesis
Benzal_chloride
Chemical compound
from day 1 until day 8-10. Studying 15 male and 15 female rats per dose group, after being given an oral dosage, an LD50 of 2188 mg/kg bodyweight and
Benzotrichloride
Chemical compound
Benz[a]anthracene or benzo[a]anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C18H12. It is produced during incomplete combustion
Benz(a)anthracene
Organochloride known as an insecticide
2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified DDT as Group 2A "probably carcinogenic to humans". Previous assessments by the US National
DDT
Chemical compound
methacrylic acid and glycidol. Containing both an epoxide and an acrylate group, the molecule is bifunctional. It is a common monomer used in the production
Glycidyl_methacrylate
Chemical compound
(DMCC) is a reagent for transferring a dimethylcarbamoyl group to alcoholic or phenolic hydroxyl groups forming dimethyl carbamates, usually having pharmacological
Dimethylcarbamoyl_chloride
Chemical compound
Richter B, Metzendorf MI, et al. (Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group) (November 2020). "Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes
Pioglitazone
Chemical compound
Indium phosphide (InP) is a binary semiconductor composed of indium and phosphorus. It has a face-centered cubic ("zincblende") crystal structure, identical
Indium_phosphide
Tar distillation byproduct used as wood preservative
the respiratory tract. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that coal-tar creosote is probably carcinogenic to humans
Creosote
Rocket fuel
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (abbreviated as UDMH; also known as 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, heptyl or Geptil) is a chemical compound with the formula H2NN(CH3)2
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
Unsymmetrical_dimethylhydrazine
Aromatic organochlorine compound
being benzyl ethers. In organic synthesis, these ethers serve as protecting groups. Debenzylation of such ethers can be achieved by hydrogenolysis using palladium
Benzyl_chloride
Chemical compound
myelomonocytic leukemia. Azacitidine can be used in vitro to remove methyl groups from DNA. This may weaken the effects of gene silencing mechanisms that
Azacitidine
Chemical compound
Chemicals Used as Solvents and in Polymer Manufacture: Terrafluoroethylene (IARC Monograph, Volume 110, 2017)" (PDF). International Agency for Research on
Tetrafluoroethylene
Chemical compound
carcinogenic" in 1990 It is an analogue of streptozotocin. Humans, IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to (1990). SUMMARY OF FINAL
Chlorozotocin
Chemical compound
Styrene oxide is an epoxide derived from styrene. Its chemical formula is C6H5C2H3O and it has two enantiomeric forms. It can be prepared by epoxidation
Styrene_oxide
Chemical compound
Triplatin tetranitrate (rINN; also known as BBR3464) is a platinum-based cytotoxic drug that underwent clinical trials for the treatment of human cancer
Triplatin_tetranitrate
Chemical compound
which examined at 344 food samples from the fish and other seafood food group, concluded that “current dietary exposure to TBBPA in the European Union
Tetrabromobisphenol_A
Protozoan species of malaria parasite
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified malaria due to P. falciparum as a Group 2A carcinogen, meaning that the parasite is probably
Plasmodium_falciparum
Chemical compound
h]anthracene has been classified as probably carcinogenic to humans, grouped into IARC group 2A. No epidemiological studies on human exposure to dibenz[a,h]anthracene
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
Chemical compound
Captafol is a fungicide. It is used to control almost all fungal diseases of plants except powdery mildews. It is believed to be a human carcinogen, and
Captafol
Chemical compound
name indicates, it is structurally related to formamide, having two methyl groups in the place of the two hydrogens. DMF is a polar (hydrophilic) aprotic
Dimethylformamide
Chemical compound
Carmustine, sold under the brand name BiCNU among others, is a medication used mainly for chemotherapy. It is a nitrogen mustard β-chloro-nitrosourea compound
Carmustine
Chemical compound
2-Nitrotoluene or ortho-nitrotoluene is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4NO2. It is pale yellow liquid that crystallizes in two forms, called
2-Nitrotoluene
Chemotherapy medication used for several cancer types
Procarbazine is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma and brain cancers. For Hodgkin lymphoma it is often used together
Procarbazine
Highly toxic chemical compounds
in built environments. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified PCBs as definite carcinogens in humans. According to the
Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Chemical compound
Chloral, also known as trichloroacetaldehyde or trichloroethanal, is the organic compound with the formula Cl3CCHO. This aldehyde is a colourless liquid
Chloral
Chemical compound
1,2-Dibromoethane, also known as ethylene dibromide (EDB), is an organobromine compound with the chemical formula C 2H 4Br 2. Although trace amounts occur
1,2-Dibromoethane
Antibiotic
chloramphenicol by covalently linking one or two acetyl groups, derived from acetyl-S-coenzyme A, to the hydroxyl groups on the chloramphenicol molecule. The acetylation
Chloramphenicol
Chemical compound
moderate yields. The synthesis described here involves Iodine as a removable group to insure regiochemical integrity and convergence. As shown in the diagram
Bergapten
Solvent, now banned for ozone depletion
International Agency for Research on Cancer places 1,1,1-trichloroethane in Group 2A as a probable carcinogen. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is a fairly potent greenhouse
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Chemical compound
Basic Questions and Answers for the Drinking Water Strategy Contaminant Groups Effort (PDF) (Report). US EPA. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Chemical compound
Phenanthriplatin or cis-[Pt(NH3)2-(phenanthridine)Cl]NO3 is a new drug candidate. It belongs to a family of platinum(II)-based agents which includes cisplatin
Phenanthriplatin
Chemical compound
Teniposide (trade name Vumon) is a chemotherapeutic medication used in the treatment of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin's lymphoma
Teniposide
Agent directly involved in causing cancer
groupings: Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans, Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans and Group 3: Not classifiable
Carcinogen
Chemical compound
(2019-01-01). "An approximated one-quarter of IARC Group 3 (unclassifiable) chemicals fit more appropriately into IARC Group 4 (probably not carcinogenic)". Toxicology
Caprolactam
Chemical compound
maintenance in yeast. It is found in tobacco smoke. It is classified as a Group 2A carcinogen (probable human carcinogen) by the World Health Organization
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
Aryl amine
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified o-toluidine as 'carcinogenic to humans (group 1)'. o-Toluidine is absorbed through inhalation
O-Toluidine
Human infectious disease
infection: a proof-of-concept randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2A trial". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. 15 (10): 1167–1174. doi:10
Hepatitis_D
Glyphosate-based herbicide made by Monsanto
organization, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), classified glyphosate in Group 2A, "probably carcinogenic to humans" in 2015. The variation
Roundup_(herbicide)
Species of virus
Pygmies and Bantus from Central Africa. Type 2 has several variants: subtype 2A is found mainly in the Japanese population and Native Americans (excluding
Human_polyomavirus_2
Aspect of public health
Cancer (IARC) classified mobile phone radiation as group 2B, i.e. "possibly carcinogenic," rather than group 2A ("probably carcinogenic") or group 1 ("is
Electromagnetic radiation and health
Electromagnetic_radiation_and_health
Chemical compound; herbicide
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified alachlor as "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A). The United States Environmental Protection
Alachlor
Non-biological hazards of hazardous materials
groupings: Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans, Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans and Group 3: Not classifiable
Chemical_hazard
travel, tourism, insurance
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
IARC GROUP-2A
travel, tourism, insurance