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Percentage of a sum of money charged for its use
An interest rate is the amount of interest due per period, as a proportion of the amount lent, deposited, or borrowed. Interest rate periods are ordinarily
Interest_rate
Compounding sum paid for the use of money
accumulated interest is not added to the principal amount of the current period. Compounded interest depends on the simple interest rate applied and the
Compound_interest
This is a list of countries by annualized interest rate set by the central bank for charging commercial, depository banks for loans to meet temporary
List of countries by central bank interest rates
List_of_countries_by_central_bank_interest_rates
Sum paid for the use of money
written evidence of compound interest dates roughly 2400 BC. The annual interest rate was roughly 20%. Compound interest was necessary for the development
Interest_(economics)
Loans with unfairly high interest rate
others' misfortunes—or in a legal sense, where an interest rate is charged in excess of the maximum rate that is allowed by law. A loan may be considered
Usury
Mortgage loan repaid in equal installments
A fixed-rate mortgage (FRM) is a mortgage loan where the interest rate on the note remains the same through the term of the loan, as opposed to loans where
Fixed-rate_mortgage
Interest rates to maintain banks' balance
The federal funds rate is the interest rate at which depository institutions (banks and credit unions) lend reserve balances to other depository institutions
Federal_funds_rate
Precisely defined interest rate
effective interest rate (EIR), effective annual interest rate (EAR), annual equivalent rate (AER) or simply effective rate is the percentage of interest on a
Effective_interest_rate
Interest rate for a whole year
percentage rate of charge (APR), corresponding sometimes to a nominal APR and sometimes to an effective APR (EAPR), is the interest rate for a whole
Annual_percentage_rate
Mortgage loan with an interest rate that changes based on credit markets
A variable-rate mortgage, adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), or tracker mortgage is a mortgage loan with the interest rate on the note periodically adjusted
Adjustable-rate_mortgage
Financial derivative whose payments are based on interest rate(s)
benchmark product is an interest rate, or set of different interest rates. There are a multitude of different interest rate indices that can be used
Interest_rate_derivative
Policy of interest rates or money supply
Interest-rate targeting is generally the primary tool, being obtained either directly via administratively changing the central bank's own interest rates
Monetary_policy
Interest rate that most American banks charge their most creditworthy clients
The U.S. prime rate is in principle the interest rate at which a supermajority (three-fourths) of American banking institutions grant loans to their most
U.S._prime_rate
Geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period
the investment). The RRI function (Return Rate on Investment) returns the equivalent constant interest rate per period, effectively matching the CAGR
Compound_annual_growth_rate
Interest rate taking inflation into account
The real interest rate is the rate of interest an investor, saver or lender receives (or expects to receive) after allowing for inflation. It can be described
Real_interest_rate
Card for financial transactions on credit
consumers to build a continuing debt balance, subject to interest charged at a specific rate. Moreover, a credit card differs from a charge card in that
Credit_card
Interest rate without adjusting for inflation
In finance and economics, the nominal interest rate or nominal rate of interest is the rate of interest stated on a loan or investment, without any adjustments
Nominal_interest_rate
Relationships among bond yields of different maturities
examples include government bond curves, overnight indexed swap curves and interest rate swap curves. These families are produced by central banks and data providers
Yield_curve
unfamiliar territory of having to conduct monetary policy with the policy interest rate at its effective lower bound. The unusual severity of the recession
History of Federal Open Market Committee actions
History_of_Federal_Open_Market_Committee_actions
Rate of interest on overnight loans
The official cash rate (OCR) is the term used in Australia and New Zealand for the bank rate and is the rate of interest which the central bank charges
Official_cash_rate
Economic variable
The neutral or natural rate of interest, also called r-star (r*), is the real (net of inflation) interest rate that supports the economy at full employment/maximum
Neutral_rate_of_interest
Topics referred to by the same term
particular rate Interest (emotion), a feeling that causes attention to focus on an object, event, or process Interest may also refer to: Controlling interest, majority
Interest
Hypothetical interest rate on a risk-free investment
induce any investors to hold it. In practice, to infer the risk-free interest rate in a particular currency, market participants often choose the yield
Risk-free_rate
Interest rate insurance protects the holder of a variable rate mortgage or loan from rising interest rates. It is generally offered independently of the
Interest_rate_insurance
Type of interest rate derivative
an interest rate cap is a type of interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate exceeds
Interest_rate_cap_and_floor
No-arbitrage equilibrium state
Interest rate parity is a no-arbitrage condition representing an equilibrium state under which investors compare interest rates available on bank deposits
Interest_rate_parity
Interest rate at which banks lend to customers with good credit
The prime rate or prime lending rate is an interest rate used by banks, typically representing the rate at which they lend to their most creditworthy
Prime_rate
Form of short-term borrowing
the time interval between sale and repurchase creates an effective interest rate on the loan. The mirror transaction, a "reverse repurchase agreement
Repurchase_agreement
Futures contract on an interest-bearing instrument
An interest rate future is a futures contract (a financial derivative) with an interest-bearing instrument as the underlying asset. It is a particular
Interest_rate_future
Linear interest rate derivative involving exchange of interest rates between two parties
In finance, an interest rate swap (IRS) is an interest rate derivative (IRD). It involves exchange of interest rates between two parties. In particular
Interest_rate_swap
Loan secured using real estate
charge a fixed interest rate, a variable interest rate, or both. These interest rates are tied to a base rate (individual bank's benchmark rate). For Islamic
Mortgage
Policy regarding macroeconomic conditions
Zero interest-rate policy (ZIRP) is a macroeconomic concept describing conditions with a very low nominal interest rate, such as those in contemporary
Zero_interest-rate_policy
Monetary policy tool
in order to target yield curve or interest rates at a certain level. It generally means buying bonds at a slower rate than would occur under a quantitative
Yield_curve_control
1936 book by John Maynard Keynes
the interest rate rather than income which adjusts to maintain equilibrium between saving and investment; but Keynes asserts that the rate of interest already
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
The_General_Theory_of_Employment,_Interest_and_Money
Non-fixed interest rate over the term of a debt
A floating interest rate, also known as a variable or adjustable rate, refers to any type of debt instrument, such as a loan, bond, mortgage, or credit
Floating_interest_rate
future economic scenarios through using scenario generators such as interest rate risk, underwriting cycle and jurisdictional risk models, DFA also links
Dynamic_financial_analysis
Method of calculating an investment's rate of return
is the interest rate at which the net present value of the future cash flows is equal to the initial investment, and it is also the interest rate at which
Internal_rate_of_return
Automated financial tool
mortgage calculation include loan principal, balance, periodic compound interest rate, number of payments per year, total number of payments and the regular
Mortgage_calculator
Short-term lending market for banks
pay interest in the interbank market, while those with excess liquid assets will lend money and receive interest. The interbank rate is the rate of interest
Interbank_lending_market
Devaluation of money's purchasing power
energy crises (also known as supply shocks), significant decreases in interest rates set by the central bank, or changes in inflation expectations, which
Inflation
Rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another
capital. When a country raises its interest rate or its domestic interest rate is higher than the foreign interest rate, it will cause capital inflow, thereby
Exchange_rate
Sterling overnight reference interest rate
Overnight Index Average, abbreviated as SONIA, is the principal risk-free interest rate benchmark for sterling markets, administered by the Bank of England
SONIA_(interest_rate)
Financial loss due to interest rate changes
Interest rate risk refers to the potential for financial loss due to fluctuations in interest rates. It will, in turn, impact differently re market risk
Interest_rate_risk
Central bank's rate of interest
Bank rate, also known as discount rate in American English, and (familiarly) the base rate in European English, is the rate of interest which a central
Bank_rate
Monetary policy on interest rates
uses short-term interest rates as its main monetary instrument. An inflation-targeting central bank will raise or lower interest rates based on above-target
Inflation_targeting
Pre-packaged investment strategy
highly sensitive to, changes in the value of underlying assets, indices, interest rates or cash flows". From the investor's point of view, the concept of structuring
Structured_product
Highest point of an interest rate
An interest rate ceiling (also known as an interest rate cap) is a regulatory measure that prevents banks or other financial institutions from charging
Interest_rate_ceiling
Dual interest rates refers to a policy implemented by central banks which aims to influence lending rates independently of deposit rates as a means of
Dual_interest_rates
Exchange rate of a currency on a future date
rate for hedging purposes. The forward exchange rate is determined by a parity relationship among the spot exchange rate and differences in interest rates
Forward_exchange_rate
Policy of the chinese Yen
monetary policy. During the era of low to zero interest-rates, the PBoC maintained moderate interest rates unlike most other major central banks. According
Monetary_policy_of_China
Interest charged to credit card users
risk is key to a card issuer's profitability. Before determining what interest rate to offer, banks typically check national, and international (if applicable)
Credit_card_interest
Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Ukraine reversed this trend. In August 2023 the CBR raised the primary interest rate from 8.5% to 12%. At the same time president Vladimir Putin was said
Central_Bank_of_Russia
Process by which monetary policy affects the economy
conditions. Such decisions are implemented through various tools including interest rates, money supply, and central bank balance sheet operations to influence
Monetary transmission mechanism
Monetary_transmission_mechanism
Type of financial instrument
forward rate agreement (FRA) is an interest rate derivative (IRD). In particular, it is a linear IRD with strong associations with interest rate swaps (IRSs)
Forward_rate_agreement
Government body that manages currency and monetary policy
wishes to decrease interest rates, it reduces its administered rates (Bank Rate, the reverse repurchase agreement rate and the discount rate). This results
Central_bank
Value in economics and accounting
interest rate is approximately the historical nominal interest rate minus inflation. Looking forward into the future, the expected real interest rate
Real_and_nominal_value
Instrument of indebtedness
the interest rate that the issuer pays to the holder. For fixed rate bonds, the coupon is fixed throughout the life of the bond. For floating rate notes
Bond_(finance)
Measure of a fixed-income instrument's sensitivity to interest rates
of a fixed-income instrument responds to a change in interest rates. It is used to compare rate risk across bonds and to construct hedges, and is often
Duration_(finance)
Financial economics
nominal interest rates reflect expected changes in the spot exchange rate between countries. The hypothesis specifically states that a spot exchange rate is
International_Fisher_effect
Monetary policy tool
quantitative easing when interest rates approach zero, such as in 2008 and 2020 for the US and in 1999 for Japan. Very low interest rates induce a liquidity
Quantitative_easing
Economic model
exchange rate, interest rate, and output (in contrast to the closed-economy IS-LM model, which focuses only on the relationship between the interest rate and
Mundell–Fleming_model
Bond issued by a government
Interest rate risk is defined as the risk that a bond or other fixed-income asset to declines due to fluctuations in interest rates. Interest rates and
Government_bond
Type of investment
on a fixed schedule. For example, the borrower may have to pay interest at a fixed rate once a year and repay the principal amount on maturity. Fixed-income
Fixed_income
Finance term; profit on an investment
return, or rate of return, depends on the currency of measurement. For example, suppose a US$10,000 (US dollar) cash deposit earns 2% interest over a year
Rate_of_return
Method of implementing monetary policy
surplus liquidity from commercial banks — to influence the short-term interest rate. Open market operations have become less prominent in this respect since
Open_market_operation
Type of debt security backed by mortgages
with an interest rate of 6.5% could be split into 300 1000-dollar bonds. These bonds would have a 30-year amortization, and an interest rate of 6.00%
Collateralized mortgage obligation
Collateralized_mortgage_obligation
Return or cost of holding an asset
maturity transformation, which is a carry trade using a difference in interest rates. This is commonly practised by commercial banks. Traditional revenue
Carry_(investment)
Calculation method for the accrual of interest
how interest accrues over time for a variety of investments, including bonds, notes, loans, mortgages, medium-term notes, swaps, and forward rate agreements
Day_count_convention
Phenomenon when shorter term bonds yield higher interest rates than longer term bonds
funds rate and treasury interest rates are high to create a hard or soft landing in the cycle. When the Federal funds rate and interest rates are lowered
Inverted_yield_curve
Topics referred to by the same term
short-term interest rates, including: Bank rate Certificate of deposit Discount window Eurodollar Federal funds rate Libor Official bank rate of the United
Short-term_interest_rates
Macroeconomic theory
monetary dominance approach to demand management which involves adjusting interest rates and utilising a pool of unemployed labour as a buffer against inflationary
Modern_Monetary_Theory
Type of economic system
An interest-free economy or interest free economy is an economy that does not have pure interest rates. An interest free economy may use either barter
Interest-free_economy
Topics referred to by the same term
rate, an alternative measure of interest rates to the standard Annual Percentage Rate Bank rate, the rate of interest a central bank charges on its loans
Discount_rate
Current worth of a future sum discounted to today
money has interest-earning potential, a characteristic referred to as the time value of money, except during times of negative interest rates, when the
Present_value
Exchange of derivatives or other financial instruments
floating-for-fixed interest rate swap, which calls for (a) payments by one party based on the product of a floating interest rate and a fixed amount,
Swap_(finance)
Financial metric
of interest however receive floating interest repayments. Therefore if spreads widen, or interest rates rise they will have higher levels of interest received
Swap_spread
Financial derivative contract
interest rate option is a specific financial derivative contract whose value is based on interest rates. Its value is tied to an underlying interest rate
Interest_rate_option
Macroeconomic model relating interest rates and output
macroeconomic teaching. The IS–LM model shows the relationship between interest rates and output in the short run. The intersection of the "investment–saving"
IS–LM_model
Tendency for nominal interest rate to follow changes in inflation
the Fisher effect is the tendency for nominal interest rates to change to follow the inflation rate. It is named after the economist Irving Fisher,
Fisher_effect
Monetary policy rule proposed by Milton Friedman
Friedman advocated monetary policy that would result in the nominal interest rate being at or very near zero. His rationale was that the opportunity cost
Friedman_rule
Banking regulation framework
2016. "Interest rate risk in the banking book" (PDF). Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Bank for International Settlements. "Interest rate risk in
Basel_III
Introductory interest rate for a loan
introductory rate (also known as a teaser rate) is an interest rate charged to a customer during the initial stages of a loan. The rate, which can be
Introductory_rate
Lending of money
specify, among other things, the principal amount of money borrowed, the interest rate the lender is charging, and the date of repayment. A loan entails the
Loan
Total amount of debt owed to lenders by a government/state
fiscal measures. Government debt accumulation may lead to a rising interest rate, which can crowd out private investment as governments compete with
Government_debt
Group of macroeconomic theories
axis) against interest rate. M̂ determines the ruling interest rate r̂ through the liquidity preference function. The rate of interest determines the
Keynesian_economics
Type of bank account
savings account with higher interest rate than normal savings accounts. These accounts typically earn 10 times more in interest than a normal savings account
Savings_account
Rule from monetary policy
activity by appropriately setting short-term interest rates. The rule considers the federal funds rate, the price level and changes in real income. The
Taylor_rule
Macroeconomic model
in the interest rate, inflation and output. The MP curve displays a positive relationship, upward-sloping curve, where the real interest rate is located
IS/MP_model
Situation described in Keynesian economics
situation, described in Keynesian economics, in which, "after the rate of interest has fallen to a certain level, liquidity preference may become virtually
Liquidity_trap
Type of asset-backed security
associations (or thrifts), which were limited to providing uncompetitive 5.75% interest rates on savings accounts and consequently losing savers' money to money market
Mortgage-backed_security
US financial crisis from 1986 to 1995
rates. Attempts to attract more deposits by offering higher interest rates led to liabilities that could not be paid-for by the lower interest rates at
Savings_and_loan_crisis
Income saved for later use
investment was very responsive to interest rates (i.e. that both were interest-inelastic) so that large interest rate changes were needed to re-equate
Saving
Political Policy
employment, stabilizing prices, and moderating long-term interest rates. Because long-term interest rates remain moderate in a stable economy with low expected
Monetary policy of the United States
Monetary_policy_of_the_United_States
Type of a lease or deposit in South Korean real estate
deposit as a 0% interest rate loan to invest into other capital, which made jeonse especially desirable in the 20th century when interest rates were very high
Jeonse
Interest-rate model describing the stochastic evolution of the instantaneous short rate
A short-rate model, in the context of interest rate derivatives, is a mathematical model that describes the future evolution of interest rates by describing
Short-rate_model
Mismatch between the timing or sensitivity of a firm's assets and liabilities
issuing floating interest rate bonds, but lend money with fixed-rate mortgages. If interest rates rise, the bank must increase the interest it pays to its
Asset–liability_mismatch
Overview of finance and finance-related topics
Short-rate model in mathematical finance Interest Effective interest rate – Precisely defined interest rate Nominal interest rate – Interest rate without
Outline_of_finance
Accounting technique
The effective interest method, also known as effective interest rate method, present value amortization, or simply as interest method, is an accounting
Effective_interest_method
Regional financial crisis that struck East and Southeast Asia in 1997–1998
Southeast Asia in particular maintained high interest rates attractive to foreign investors looking for a high rate of return. As a result, the region's economies
1997_Asian_financial_crisis
fixed interest rate loan is a loan where the interest rate doesn't fluctuate during the fixed rate period of the loan. During this fixed-rate period
Fixed_interest_rate_loan
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