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Photographic display of total chromosome complement in a cell
A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their
Karyotype
Chromosome disorder in women
Trisomy X, also known as triple X syndrome and characterized by the karyotype 47,XXX, is a chromosome disorder in which a female has an extra copy of
Trisomy_X
X chromosome monosomy
Biobank found women with 45,X0 karyotypes to have an average height of 145 cm (4 ft 9 in), while those with 45,X0/46,XX karyotypes averaged 159 cm (5 ft 2+1⁄2 in)
Turner_syndrome
Genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome
lifetime. There are 47 chromosomes, instead of the usual 46, giving a 47,XYY karyotype. Treatment may include speech therapy or extra help with schoolwork, and
XYY_syndrome
Human chromosomal condition
child with KS. The syndrome is diagnosed by the genetic test known as karyotyping. Klinefelter syndrome has different manifestations and these will vary
Klinefelter_syndrome
Chromosomal disorder in which there are three copies of chromosome 18
pairs of chromosomes needed to form a normal cell with a typical human karyotype of 46 chromosomes. Numerical errors can arise at either of the two meiotic
Trisomy_18
Congenital condition where an individual with a 46,XX karyotype is male
(or 46,XX DSD) is a rare condition in which an individual with a 46,XX karyotype develops a male phenotype. In 90 percent of these individuals, the syndrome
XX_male_syndrome
Chromosomal disorder
occurs via nondisjunction, a random event in gamete development. The karyotype observed in the syndrome is formally known as 49,XXXYY, which represents
XXXYY_syndrome
Chromosomal disorder
occurs via nondisjunction, a random event in gamete development. The karyotype observed in pentasomy X is formally known as 49,XXXXX, which represents
Pentasomy_X
Digital information reflecting an individual's karyotype
In genetics, virtual karyotype is the digital information reflecting a karyotype, resulting from the analysis of short sequences of DNA from specific
Virtual_karyotype
Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes
detected or confirmed by comparing an individual's karyotype, or full set of chromosomes, to a typical karyotype for the species via genetic testing. Sometimes
Chromosome_abnormality
DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell
variation in karyotype may occur during development from the fertilized egg. The technique of determining the karyotype is usually called karyotyping. Cells
Chromosome
Index of articles associated with the same name
(also called gonosomes). In humans this may refer to: In this list, the karyotype is summarized by the number of chromosomes, followed by the sex chromosomes
Sex_chromosome_anomalies
Medical condition
condition resulting in a female phenotype in an individual with a 46,XY karyotype. Though they typically have normal vulvas, those affected typically have
XY_gonadal_dysgenesis
along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.
List of organisms by chromosome count
List_of_organisms_by_chromosome_count
Medical condition
agenesis is a rare condition where an individual lacks both gonads. If the karyotype is 46,XY and the individual otherwise has a male phenotype, it is called
Gonadal_agenesis
Human genetic condition
the presence of some cells that express a 46,XX karyotype and some cells that express a 46,XY karyotype in a single human being. Individuals with these
46,XX/46,XY
Chromosomal disorder with 4 X chromosomes
nondisjunction during gamete or zygote development. The formal term for the karyotype observed in tetrasomy X is 48,XXXX, as the condition is typified by a
Tetrasomy_X
Chromosomal disorder
testosterone appears to be associated. All adult men with a non-mosaic 48,XYYY karyotype known to the medical literature have been azoospermic, though one man
XYYY_syndrome
Medical conditions involving the development of the reproductive system
are subdivided into groups in which the labels generally emphasize the karyotype's role in diagnosis: 46,XX; 46,XY; sex chromosome; XX, sex reversal; ovotesticular
Disorders_of_sex_development
Branch of genetics
their behaviour during mitosis and meiosis. Techniques used include karyotyping, analysis of G-banded chromosomes, other cytogenetic banding techniques
Cytogenetics
chromosome 21 (in addition to their normal chromosomes). A typical human karyotype is shown here. Every chromosome has two copies. In the bottom right, there
Genetics_of_Down_syndrome
Medical condition
patients with completely male or female gonads. Most individuals with this karyotype have apparently normal male genitalia, and a minority have female genitalia
45,X/46,XY_mosaicism
Genus of snakes
contrasting with the most typical snake karyotype with a stable chromosomal number of 2 n = 36 . The karyotype includes heteromorphic ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes
Xenodermus
Chromosome rearrangement in which a segment of a chromosome is reversed
analysis. Some of the techniques that are used to detect inversions are: Karyotype Analysis, G banding, Fluorescence in situ hybridization. Nevertheless
Chromosomal_inversion
Human chromosomal condition
XXYYY Syndrome Specialty Medical genetics Diagnostic method Karyotype
XXYYY_syndrome
Oldest cultured human cell line (1951)
this great difference from the normal human karyotype, the HeLa genome has largely retained this karyotype ever since it went into cell culture. This suggests
HeLa
Medical condition
XXY karyotype) Turner syndrome (45,XO karyotype) Mixed gonadal dysgenesis (45,XO/46,XY karyotype) Tetragametic chimerism (46,XX/46,XY karyotype) Androgen
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Androgen_insensitivity_syndrome
Human chromosome disorder
Diploid-triploid individuals may have the karyotypes 46,XX/69,XXX or 46,XX/69,XXY. Individuals with 46,XX/69,XXY karyotype typically develop as phenotypically
Diploid-triploid_mosaicism
Study and research of genes
DNA sequencing, and DNA microarrays, and cytogenetic methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridisation. DNA sequencing is essential to
Genetic_analysis
Chromosomal anomaly
disease is about one percent. 49,XXXXY can be clinically diagnosed through karyotyping. Facial dysmorphia and other somatic abnormalities may be reason to have
XXXXY_syndrome
Loss of the copy of a gene from one parent in a diploid organism
constitute 20 to 80% of the LOH seen in human tumors. Determination of virtual karyotypes using SNP-based arrays can provide genome-wide copy number and LOH status
Loss_of_heterozygosity
Routine ultrasound done between 11 and 14 weeks pregnancy
Nicolaides KH (2005-04-06). "Increased nuchal translucency with normal karyotype". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 192 (4): 1005–1021. doi:10
Nuchal_scan
Medical condition
46,XY karyotype, the affected cells have a 45,X karyotype due to the loss of the Y chromosome. Other cells retain the original 46,XY karyotype, leading
Mosaic_loss_of_chromosome_Y
Condition where cells have more than two sets of chromosomes
evolutionary history. A karyotype is the characteristic chromosome complement of a eukaryote species. The preparation and study of karyotypes is part of cytology
Polyploidy
Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome
Karyotype of human chromosomes Female (XX) Male (XY) There are two copies of each autosome (chromosomes 1–22) in both females and males. The sex chromosomes
Autosome
Family of birds of prey
also usually now regarded as a separate family (Cathartidae) or order. Karyotype data indicate the accipitrids analysed are indeed a distinct monophyletic
Accipitridae
Form taken by the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell
always deactivated. In humans with euploidy, a genotypical female (46,XX karyotype) has one Barr body per somatic cell nucleus, while a genotypical male
Barr_body
Medical condition
MVA can be suspected by phenotype and confirmed by karyotyping and genetic testing. Karyotyping is a process, when person's chromosomes are getting isolated
Mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome
Mosaic_variegated_aneuploidy_syndrome
Family of apes
rearrangements from the presumed gibbon ancestor's karyotype. Reaching the common gibbon ancestor's karyotype from today's various living species of gibbons
Gibbon
Medical condition
week of gestation that the bodies of non-CAIS individuals with the XY karyotype begin their masculinization: i.e., the Wolffian duct system is promoted
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
Complete_androgen_insensitivity_syndrome
Mammal genetics
unprecedented opportunity to use multispecies analysis as a tool to infer karyotype evolution. Comparative chromosome painting and related techniques are
Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals
Genome_diversity_and_karyotype_evolution_of_mammals
Gonad containing both ovarian and testicular tissue
is not evident where the ovary and testicular tissue is located. An XX karyotype is the most common (55-80% of cases); most individuals with this form
Ovotesticular_syndrome
System for describing human chromosomes
1966). London Conference (1963): "London Conference on the Normal Human Karyotype." Cytogenetics 2:264–268 (1963) Denver Conference (1960): "A proposed
International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature
International_System_for_Human_Cytogenomic_Nomenclature
Species of rodent
rodent takes it to a safe place (sometimes a burrow) on land to eat. The karyotype has been reported to have a diploid chromosome count of 2n = 92 based
Aquatic_rat
Abnormal multiples of one or more chromosomes
type of aneuploidy. A karyotype is the set of chromosomes in an organism and the suffix -somy is used to name aneuploid karyotypes. This is not to be confused
Polysomy
Female adult human
Spectral karyotype of a human female
Woman
Genetic testing technique
sequences in the genome of the nucleus. Spectral karyotyping is an image of colored chromosomes. Spectral karyotyping involves FISH using multiple forms of many
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Fluorescence_in_situ_hybridization
Chromosomal disorder in which there are three copies of every chromosome
syndrome, diploid/triploid mixoploidy, triploidy, triploidy syndrome A karyotype of a fetus with triploidy Specialty Medical genetics Differential diagnosis
Triploid_syndrome
Medical condition
Prognosis and treatment options vary and largely depend on grade, stage and karyotype of the tumor itself. At CT and MRI, an immature teratoma possesses characteristic
Immature_teratoma
Third stage of mitosis and meiosis
analysis. Metaphase chromosomes make the classical picture of chromosomes (karyotype). For classical cytogenetic analyses, cells are grown in short term culture
Metaphase
Medical condition
fusion gene. The simplest and easiest way to detect trisomy 8 is by a karyotype, a photograph representing all chromosomes of a cell in an orderly manner
Trisomy_8
American mass murderer (1941–1991)
prone to aggressive and violent behavior than males with the normal XY karyotype, but the idea was later shown to be incorrect. In August 1966, Eric Engel
Richard_Speck
Species of rodent
volans. Though they have the same number of chromosomes (2n=38), their karyotypes differ extensively due to pericentric inversions, tandem fusions, and
Japanese dwarf flying squirrel
Japanese_dwarf_flying_squirrel
Species of rodent
closest relatives of the species are the chaco mice (Andalgalomys). Its karyotype has 2n = 18 and FN = 32 in females but has 2n = 19 in males. Due to an
Delicate_salt_flat_mouse
Failure to separate properly during cell division
the overwhelming majority (>99%) of fetuses with only one X chromosome (karyotype 45, X0) are spontaneously aborted. The term autosomal trisomy means that
Nondisjunction
Syndrome caused by chromosomal deletion
to be detected by conventional cytogenetic methods or high resolution karyotyping (2–5 Mb). Detection is done by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Microdeletion_syndrome
Rare genetic condition
hybridization (CGH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, karyotyping, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) based techniques
Nablus mask-like facial syndrome
Nablus_mask-like_facial_syndrome
Study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings
will be able to produce healthy children. A karyotype is a very useful tool in cytogenetics. A karyotype is picture of all the chromosomes in the metaphase
Human_genetics
Atypical congenital variations of sex characteristics
consider to be intersex (where sex chromosome anomalies are involved, the karyotype is often summarized by the total number of chromosomes followed by the
Intersex
Class of genetic disorders
syndromes typically involve larger deletions that are visible using karyotyping techniques. Smaller deletions result in Microdeletion syndrome, which
Chromosomal_deletion_syndrome
Cancer affecting Tasmanian devils
found identical chromosomal rearrangements in all the cancer cells. The karyotype anomalies of DFTD cells are similar to those of cancer cells from canine
Devil_facial_tumour_disease
Mutation that removes a part of a DNA sequence
Lord P (2019). "A fully computational and reasonable representation for karyotypes". Bioinformatics. 35 (24): 5264–5270. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btz440
Deletion_(genetics)
Malformation in veterinary medicine
In two cases, the karyotype of the amorphus was identical to its normally developing twin, while in another case, the karyotype deviated from the normal
Amorphous_globosus
Protein that initiates male sex determination in therian mammals
giving them a karyotype of XXY. Atypical genetic recombination during crossover, when a sperm cell is developing, can result in karyotypes that are not
Sex-determining region Y protein
Sex-determining_region_Y_protein
Grandorder of mammals
difference, the revised clade is usually referred to as Ferungulata. The karyotypes of ferungulates are highly conserved: "the fereungulatan ancestor chromosomes
Ferungulata
Species of beetle
pesticide in order to curb the decline of C. stigma. The chromosomes (karyotype) of Chilocorus stigma vary from one individual to another, in both the
Chilocorus_stigma
BCR-ABL oncogenic fusion. Subclone P1-55 has been described as having a karyotype of "25,XY,+8,Ph(+)", meaning that it has 25 chromosomes, including one
KBM-7_cells
Technique in genetics
Giemsa banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a visible karyotype by staining condensed chromosomes. It is the most common chromosome banding
G_banding
Subspecies of Golden Jackal
golden jackal native to Bhutan, Burma, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. Its karyotype is quite different (2N=78; NF=84) from that of its Eurasian and African
Indian_jackal
Genetic brain disorder
addition to the abnormal proteins caused by a MECP2 mutation, the XY karyotype male fetus is unable to slow the development of the disease, hence the
Rett_syndrome
Phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of an chromosomes
joins two otherwise-separated genes. It is detected on cytogenetics or a karyotype of affected cells. Translocations can be balanced (in an even exchange
Chromosomal_translocation
Family of gastropods
Succineidae are a family of small to medium-sized, air-breathing land snails (and slugs), terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Succineoidea
Succineidae
Most common genetic condition leading to color blindness
recessive inheritance. Males have only one X chromosome (karyotype XY), and females have two (karyotype XX); Because the male only has one allele of each gene
Congenital red–green color blindness
Congenital_red–green_color_blindness
Species of rodent
Cricetidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. Its karyotype has 2n = 50 and FN = 66. It was formerly synonymized with C. expulsus
Large_vesper_mouse
Subtribe of carnivores
subtribe Canina are able to produce canid hybrids due to their shared karyotype of 78 chromosomes arranged in 39 pairs. The cladogram below is based on
Canina_(subtribe)
Medical condition
Schematic karyogram of a human, showing the normal diploid karyotype. It shows annotated bands and sub-bands as used for the nomenclature of chromosome
Monosomy
Small rodent found from Costa Rica to northern South America
autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) of the 2n = 34 karyotype all have two major arms, but the 2n = 40–42 karyotypes include several acrocentric autosomes, which
Transandinomys_talamancae
Basic unit of taxonomic classification, below genus
by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition
Species
Offspring of a zebra and any other equine
Kubickova, S.; Vahala, J.; Rubes, J. (27 March 2013). "Subchromosomal karyotype evolution in Equidae". Chromosome Research. 21 (2): 175–187. doi:10
Zebroid
Number of sets of chromosomes of a cell
syndrome may be missing one sex chromosome (X or Y), resulting in a (45,X) karyotype instead of the usual (46,XX) or (46,XY). This is a type of aneuploidy
Ploidy
Species of rodent
chest. This species of rat spends much of its life among the trees. The karyotype is 2n = 62, FNa = 78–82. Two other species, Oligoryzomys delticola (also
Oligoryzomys_nigripes
Species of lizard
Karyotype of male lizard with Y chromosome indicated
Pink-tailed_worm-lizard
with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The P1-55 subclone of KBM-7 has a karyotype of 25,XY,+8,Ph(+): this means that it has one each of chromosome 1–7,
HAP1_cells
Defect in the structure of the heart that is present at birth
trisomies (chromosomes 13, 18, 21), chromosome X monosomy (Turner syndrome) Karyotyping Copy number variants 10–12% 22q11.2 deletion/duplication (velocardiofacial/DiGeorge
Congenital_heart_defect
Type of blood cancer
evidence of the translocation by FISH or RT-PCR despite normal routine karyotyping. The small subset of patients without detectable molecular evidence of
Chronic_myelogenous_leukemia
Monotypic genus of rodents
the same karyotype as D. albimaculatus. Other species in clade D have fewer chromosomes, down to 16 in Nectomys palmipes, although the karyotype of Eremoryzomys
Drymoreomys
Location of a gene or region on a chromosome
chromosome 2.[citation needed] Chromosomal translocation Cytogenetic notation Karyotype Null allele International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature Wood
Locus_(genetics)
Species of hominid in the genus Homo
A graphical representation of the standard human karyotype, including both the female (XX) and male (XY) sex chromosomes
Human
Abnormal presence of three copies of a particular chromosome
animals are known, e.g. in cattle. Chromosome abnormalities Aneuploidy Karyotype Sexual reproduction Monosomy "CRC - Glossary T". Archived from the original
Trisomy
East Asian ethnic group
to recognize the normal number of human chromosomes, a breakthrough in karyotype genetics. The bio-engineer Yuan-Cheng Fung, was regarded as the "Father
Han_Chinese
C-banding of a human female karyotype showing constitutive heterochromatin
Constitutive_heterochromatin
Genus of rodent from South America with one species
poorly prepared Paraguayan specimen seems to have a similar karyotype. In this karyotype, all autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) are acrocentric (with one
Pseudoryzomys
Type of chromosome
defined for its relatively small size. They are typical components of the karyotype of birds, some reptiles, fish, amphibians, and monotremes. As many bird
Microchromosome
Chromosomal disorder in which there are three copies of chromosome 13
copy of chromosome 13 Risk factors Higher maternal age Diagnostic method Karyotype Treatment Supportive care Prognosis 90% of babies born alive die within
Patau_syndrome
Any steroid hormone that promotes male characteristics
premature uterine contractions in pregnancy. Reduced ability of an XY-karyotype fetus to respond to androgens can result in one of several conditions
Androgen
Symbols and abbreviations used in cytogenetics
accessible free-of-charge.) The ISCN define two broad groups of formats: Karyotype format, the more traditional option where locations are described at the
Cytogenetic_notation
Biological development of male sex characteristics
male and female. Examples of undervirilization in fetuses with a 46,XY karyotype are androgen insensitivity syndrome and 5 alpha reductase deficiency.
Virilization
Male adult human
chromosome fertilizes the female ovum, the offspring will have a male karyotype (XY). The SRY gene is typically found on the Y chromosome and causes the
Man
Reproductive system of the human male
Human karyotype, showing 22 homologous autosomal chromosome pairs, both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of the two sex chromosomes, as well as
Male_reproductive_system
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hero
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Who Accomplishes
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Indian, Kannada
Conciseness
Female
Japanese
(麻美) Japanese name ASAMI means "morning beauty."
Boy/Male
Assamese, Indian
Wisdom
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Australian, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
Sweetheart
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Lord of Fame
Boy/Male
German, Latin, Teutonic
Long Bearded
Girl/Female
American, British, English
Noble Strength
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE
KARYOTYPE