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Austroasiatic language
UNGEGN: Khmêr [kʰmae] ) is an Austroasiatic language spoken natively by the Khmer people and is an official language and national language of Cambodia
Khmer_language
Language family concentrated in Southeast Asia
national languages of sovereign states: Vietnamese in Vietnam, and Khmer in Cambodia. The Mon language is a recognized indigenous language in Myanmar
Austroasiatic_languages
Austroasiatic ethnic group
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Khmer people (Khmer: ជនជាតិខ្មែរ
Khmer_people
Reconstructed ancestor of the Austroasiatic languages
Austroasiatic languages. Proto-Mon–Khmer (i.e., all Austroasiatic branches except for Munda) has been reconstructed in Harry L. Shorto's Mon–Khmer Comparative
Proto-Austroasiatic_language
Numerals used in the Khmer language
and transcription delimiters. Khmer numerals ០ ១ ២ ៣ ៤ ៥ ៦ ៧ ៨ ៩ are the numerals used in the script for the Khmer language. They have been in use since
Khmer_numerals
Abugida script for the Khmer language
អក្សរខ្មែរ, Âksâr Khmêr [ʔaksɑː kʰmae]) is an abugida (alphasyllabary) script used to write the Khmer language, the official language of Cambodia. It is
Khmer_script
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Khmer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Khmer may refer to: Srok Khmer (lit. "Khmer land" or "Land of the Khmer(s)"), a colloquial exonym used
Khmer
Corpus of historical carved writings of Khmer origin
Thailand and Laos) and relating to the Khmer civilization. The study of Khmer inscriptions is known as Khmer epigraphy. Khmer inscriptions are the only local
Khmer_inscriptions
Members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Khmer Rouge is the
Khmer_Rouge
Representation of the Khmer language in Latin alphabets
a representation of the Khmer (Cambodian) language using letters of the Latin alphabet. This is most commonly done with Khmer proper nouns, such as names
Romanization_of_Khmer
Country in Southeast Asia from 1970 to 1975
Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Khmer Republic (Khmer:
Khmer_Republic
Empire in Southeast Asia (802–1431)
The Khmer Empire was an empire in mainland Southeast Asia, centred on hydraulic cities in what is now northern Cambodia. Known as Kambuja (Old Khmer: កម្វុជ;
Khmer_Empire
Keyboards accommodating Khmer script
prototype typewriter keyboard for the Khmer script and published the two volume Pheasa Khmer book on the Cambodian language in 1947. While it has been interpreted
Khmer_keyboard
Oldest stage of the Khmer language
Old Khmer is the oldest attested stage of the Khmer language, an Austroasiatic language historically and presently spoken across Cambodia, Southern Vietnam
Old_Khmer
Ethnic Khmers of southwestern Vietnam
Khmer people in Vietnam or the Khmer Krom (Khmer: ជនជាតិខ្មែរក្រោម, Chónchéatĕ Khmêr Kraôm, [cɔnciət kʰmae kraom]; lit. 'Lower Khmer people' or 'Southern
Khmer_Krom
Martial art native to Cambodia
Kun Khmer (Khmer: គុនខ្មែរ [kun kʰmae] lit. 'Khmer martial arts'), or Pradal Serey (Khmer: ប្រដាល់សេរី [prɑɗal seːrəj] lit. 'free boxing'), is a combat
Kun_Khmer
Ethnic group
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Northern Khmer people
Northern_Khmer_people
Rebel movement in Cambodia
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Khmer Serei (Khmer: ខ្មែរសេរី
Khmer_Serei
Indigenous peoples of the highlands of Cambodia
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Khmer Loeu (Khmer: ជនជាតិខ្មែរលើ
Khmer_Loeu
1970s genocide of Cambodian citizens
was the systematic persecution and killing of Cambodian citizens by the Khmer Rouge under the general secretaryship of Pol Pot. It resulted in the deaths
Cambodian_genocide
Form of nationalism found in Cambodia
Khmer nationalism (or Cambodian nationalism) is a form of nationalism found in Cambodia, that asserts that Khmers (Cambodians) are a nation and promotes
Khmer_nationalism
Grammar of the Khmer language
describes the grammar of the Khmer (Cambodian) language, focusing on the standard dialect. Khmer is primarily an analytic language, with no inflection. There
Khmer_grammar
Kra–Dai language
Asia encountered the Khmer. Khmer loan words dominate all areas and registers of both languages and many are shared between them. Khmer loan words include
Lao_language
Khmer dialect of northeastern Thailand
Northern Khmer (พซาคแมร; Khmer: ខ្មែរលើ), also called Surin Khmer (Khmer: ខ្មែរសុរិន្ទ), is the dialect of the Khmer language spoken by approximately 1
Northern_Khmer_dialect
256,000 Greek – 253,000 Hmong – 240,000 Hebrew – 215,000 Khmer – 193,000 Other Native languages of North America – 169,000 Navajo – 155,000 The ACS is not
Languages of the United States
Languages_of_the_United_States
Khmer
Middle Khmer is the historical stage of the Khmer language as it existed between the 14th and 18th centuries, spanning the period between Old Khmer and the
Middle_Khmer
Cambodian monk and national hero (1883–1969)
is his effort in conservation of the Khmer language in the form of the Khmer dictionary. His protection of Khmer identity and history in the form of patriotic
Chuon_Nath
Kra–Dai language
derived from or borrowed from Pali, Sanskrit, Mon and Old Khmer. It is a tonal and analytic language. Thai has a complex orthography and system of relational
Thai_language
Political party in Cambodia
Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Khmer Issarak (Khmer:
Khmer_Issarak
Austroasiatic language
Mon language, formerly known as Peguan and Talaing, is an Austroasiatic language spoken by the Mon people. Mon, like the related Khmer language, but
Mon_language
Unicode character block
Khmer is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Khmer (Cambodian) language. For details of the characters, see Khmer alphabet – Unicode
Khmer_(Unicode_block)
1975–1979 state in Southeast Asia
known as the Khmer Rouge. The Khmer Rouge's capture of the capital Phnom Penh in 1975 effectively ended the United States-backed Khmer Republic under
Democratic_Kampuchea
Topics referred to by the same term
Lawa language, or La'wa/L'wa, a Mon–Khmer language of Thailand a collective term for Mon-Khmer languages of the Lua people, namely: Mal language Phai
Lua_language
Architecture built by the Khmer during the Angkor period
Khmer architecture (Khmer: ស្ថាបត្យកម្មខ្មែរ), also known as Angkorian architecture (Khmer: ស្ថាបត្យកម្មសម័យអង្គរ), is the architecture produced by the
Khmer_architecture
Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family
the idea that Vietnamese could be more closely related to Khmer than to Chinese or Tai languages among Vietnamese nationalists. The vast majority of scholars
Vietic_languages
Austroasiatic language group
Sidwell notes that Austroasiatic/Mon–Khmer languages are lexically more similar to Bahnaric and Katuic languages the closer they are geographically, independently
Bahnaric_languages
Austroasiatic language spoken in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and China
name to the Khmuic branch of the Austroasiatic language family, the latter of which also includes Khmer and Vietnamese. Within Austroasiatic, Khmu is often
Khmu_language
Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family
called the Katuic peoples. Paul Sidwell notes that Austroasiatic/Mon–Khmer languages are lexically more similar to Katuic and Bahnaric the closer they are
Katuic_languages
Braille system for the Khmer language
Khmer Braille is the braille alphabet of the Khmer language of Cambodia. In printed Khmer, the alphabet is divided into consonant letters, consonant diacritics
Khmer_Braille
are the language family in South and Southeast Asia. Languages given official status are Vietnamese and Khmer (Cambodian). The Kra–Dai languages (also known
Languages_of_Asia
Khmer sculpture (Khmer: ចម្លាក់ខ្មែរ, Châmleăk Khmêr [cɑmˈlak kʰmae]) is the stone sculpture of the Khmer Empire, which ruled a territory based on modern
Khmer_sculpture
Khmer dialect of northeastern Cambodia
Khmer Khe (or Hakka Khmer; Khmer: ខ្មែរខិ) is a Khmeric language spoken in Stung Treng Province, Cambodia. It has an estimated lexical similarity of between
Khmer_Khe_dialect
Code to identify human languages
An IETF BCP 47 language tag is a standardized code that is used to identify human languages on the Internet. The tag structure has been standardized by
IETF_language_tag
News broadcaster and publisher in Asia
announcement, RFA's Tibetan, Burmese, Korean, Lao, Cantonese, Khmer and Uyghur language services have shut down. Ultimately, RFA's news operations were
Radio_Free_Asia
Airport serving Phnom Penh, Cambodia
airport. The word "Techo" is referenced from Khmer history in which the king granted titles to former Khmer army commanders Techo Meas and Techo Yort who
Techo_International_Airport
Austroasiatic language
Vietnamese as belonging to the Mon–Khmer branch of the Austroasiatic language family (which also includes the Khmer language spoken in Cambodia, and various
Vietnamese_language
Guerrilla fighter group during the Cambodian Civil War
of 1970–1975. Alternatively, it is spelt Khmer Rum or Khmer Rumdoh ("Liberation Khmer" in the Khmer language). They were a part of the National United
Khmer_Rumdo
Cambodian names (or Khmer names; Khmer: ឈ្មោះខ្មែរ, romanized: chhmŏăh khmêr) are names used or originating in Cambodia which usually consist of two elements
Cambodian_name
National news agency of Cambodia
Agence Kampuchea Press (AKP; Khmer: ទីភ្នាក់ងារសារព័ត៌មានកម្ពុជា) is the national news agency of Cambodia. Official website Original site on Camnet v
Agence_Kampuchea_Presse
Lay ritual specialist in Cambodia
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. An achar (Khmer: អាចារ្យ
Achar_Khmer
Sites of mass execution by the Khmer Rouge
The Killing Fields (Khmer: វាលពិឃាត, romanized: veal pikheat, [ʋiəl pikʰiət]) are a network of sites in Cambodia where large numbers of people were executed
Killing_Fields
Unicode character block
Khmer Symbols is a Unicode block containing lunar date symbols, used in the writing system of the Khmer (Cambodian) language. For further details see Khmer
Khmer_Symbols
date of the 6th mandate commune council elections". www.nec.gov.kh (in Khmer). Retrieved 2026-07-04. Chipegin, Anton (2025-04-16). "Kyrgyzstan Sets Date
List_of_elections_in_2027
ethnic groups, most of whom speak Austroasiatic languages related to Khmer, are included in the Khmer Loeu designation, including the Kuy and Tampuan
Ethnic_groups_in_Cambodia
Capital of Cambodia
Yuvachun (Voice of Khmer Youth) Udomkate Khmer (Khmer Ideal) Wat Phnom Daily (Mount Temple) Phnom Penh Post, a daily English-language newspaper published
Phnom_Penh
Flag of Cambodia from 1970 to 1975
Khmer Republic (Khmer: ទង់ជាតិសាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ, Tóng chéatĕ Sathéarônârôdth Khmêr [tɔŋ ciət sathiəreaʔnaʔrɔət kʰmae]; lit. 'National flag of the Khmer
Flag_of_the_Khmer_Republic
Latin-script letter (Ð ð)
[ɡ]. In the Faroese alphabet, ⟨ð⟩ follows ⟨d⟩. ⟨Ð⟩ is sometimes used in Khmer romanization to represent ឍ thô. In Icelandic, ⟨ð⟩, called "eð", represents
Eth
Type of cuisine in Cambodia
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Khmer royal cuisine
Khmer_royal_cuisine
Cambodian newspaper
Moneaksekar Khmer (Khmer: មនសិការខ្មែរ, Mônôsĕkar Khmêr; lit. "Khmer’s Conscience") is a Khmer-language newspaper published in Cambodia with its headquarters
Moneaksekar_Khmer
Cambodian architectural movement in the 1950s and 1960s
New Khmer Architecture (Khmer: ស្ថាបត្យកម្មខ្មែរថ្មី) was an architectural movement in Cambodia during the 1950s and 1960s. The style blended elements
New_Khmer_Architecture
Austroasiatic language spoken in Cambodia and Laos
Brao is a Mon–Khmer language of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. According to Ethnologue, there are four distinct but mutually intelligible varieties, sometimes
Brao_language
UN-administered territory from 1992 to 1993
coup d'état on 18 March 1970 leading to the formation of the Khmer Republic. The Khmer Rouge came to power on 17 April 1975 resulting in the country
United Nations–administered Cambodia
United_Nations–administered_Cambodia
Conservative Khmer dialect of Cambodia and Thailand
Western Khmer, also known as Cardamom Khmer or Chanthaburi Khmer, is the dialect of the Khmer language spoken by the Khmer people native to the Cardamom
Western_Khmer_dialect
Cyprus-based online gambling company
មកក្លាយជាកំពូលកីឡាករប្រដាល់ Lethwei របស់ប្រទេសមីយ៉ាន់ម៉ា". KhmerLoad (in Khmer). 17 June 2025. Aashay Khandelwal (8 July 2026). "Conor McGregor
1xBet
Ethnic diaspora
Cambodians (or Sino-Khmers) are Cambodian citizens of Chinese ancestry or Chinese of full or partial Khmer ancestry. The Khmer term Khmer Kat Chen (ខ្មែរកាត់ចិន)
Chinese_Cambodians
Jewellery of Cambodia
Khmer jewellery originated in the Khmer Empire. Khmer jewellery has been produced since the 6th or 7th century. Jayavarman VII, while he was an influential
Khmer_jewellery
Cambodian brewery and beverage company
Khmer Beverages (Khmer: ភេសជ្ជៈខ្មែរ), previously known as Khmer Brewery (Khmer: រោងចក្រខ្មែរ), is a Cambodian brewery company, founded in 2009. It produces
Khmer_Beverages
Currency of Cambodia
Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The riel (/riˈɛl/; Khmer:
Cambodian_riel
This is an incomplete, chronological list of films produced in the Khmer language. Most films are related to the Cinema of Cambodia, but also included
List_of_Cambodian_films
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The flag of
Flag_of_Cambodia
Ethnic Laotians living in Cambodia
Khmer Lao people (Khmer: ខ្មែរឡាវ) or Lao Daeum (Khmer: ឡាវដើម, lit. 'Indigenous Lao people') are ethnic Lao living in northeastern Cambodia and western
Khmer_Lao_people
Traditional clothing of the Khmer people
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Khmer traditional
Khmer_traditional_clothing
constitutional monarchy of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The king of Cambodia (Khmer: ព្រះមហាក្សត្រកម្ពុជា) is the head of state and head of the ruling Royal
Monarchy_of_Cambodia
Television game show season
I Can See Your Voice Cambodia ថាប្លែកប៉ុណ្ណា". Khmer Breaking News (in Khmer). 15 January 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2019. "គ្រាន់គេធ្វើអត់ចេះរាំ
I Can See Your Voice Cambodia season 4
I_Can_See_Your_Voice_Cambodia_season_4
Multi-sport event in Cambodia
The 2023 Southeast Asian Games (Khmer: ការប្រកួតកីឡាប្រជាជាតិអាស៊ីអាគ្នេយ៍២០២៣, UNGEGN: Kar Brâkuŏt Keila Brâchéachéatĕ Asi Aknéy 2023), also known as
2023_SEA_Games
Prime Minister of Cambodia since 2023
of Samdech Moha Borvor Thipadei Hun Manet (Khmer Romanization Samțec Mahapavaradhipatī Hun Manet) (Khmer: សម្តេចមហាបវរធិបតី; meaning "Great Lord and
Hun_Manet
Cambodian political party
The Khmer Will Party (KWP; Khmer: គណបក្សឆន្ទៈខ្មែរ) is a Cambodian political party founded in 2018. Its president is Kong Monika, son of former senior
Khmer_Will_Party
Airport in Cambodia
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. Siem Reap–Angkor
Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport
Siem_Reap–Angkor_International_Airport
Government-in-exile of Cambodia (1970–1976)
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Royal
GRUNK
Ruling party of Cambodia from 1975 to 1979
article contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The Communist
Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea
Sralanh Khmer (Khmer: ស្រឡាញ់ខ្មែរ, Srâlănh Khmêr [srɑːlaɲ kʰmae]; lit. "Love Khmer") is a weekly Khmer-language newspaper published in Cambodia with its
Sralanh_Khmer
Cambodian-American photojournalist (1942–2008)
in Cambodia to cover the fall of the capital Phnom Penh to the Communist Khmer Rouge. Schanberg and other foreign reporters were allowed to leave the country
Dith_Pran
Language of Southeast Asia
script. Kuy, also known as Kui, Suay or Kuay (Thai: ภาษากูย; Khmer: ភាសាកួយ), is a Katuic language, part of the larger Austroasiatic family spoken by the Kuy
Kuy_language
Cambodian princess, politician, and dancer (1943–2019)
Norodom Buppha Devi (Khmer: នរោត្តម បុប្ផាទេវី [nɔroːˈɗɑm ɓopˈpʰaː teːʋiː]; 8 January 1943 – 18 November 2019) was a Cambodian princess, dancer, director
Norodom_Buppha_Devi
Combined military forces of the Khmer Republic from 1970 to 1975
Khmer National Armed Forces (Khmer: កងយោធពលខេមរជាតិ; French: Forces armées nationales khmères, FANK) were the combined military forces of the Khmer Republic
Khmer_National_Armed_Forces
Khmer term meaning "French"
Barang (Khmer: បារាំង [ɓaːraŋ] or [paːraŋ]) is a Khmer term meaning French, a Cambodian rendition of the word France. As a remnant of the French colonial
Barang_(Khmer_word)
1978–89 conflict between Vietnam and the Khmer Rouge
and the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, when the Khmer Rouge-ruled Democratic Kampuchea repeatedly invaded Vietnam, including massacres by the Khmer Rouge
Cambodian–Vietnamese_War
contains Khmer text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script. The tro Khmer (Khmer: ទ្រខ្មែរ)
Tro_Khmer
Ruling party of Cambodia since 1979
The Cambodian People's Party (CPP; Khmer: គណបក្សប្រជាជនកម្ពុជា, romanized: Keanapak Pracheachon Kampuchea [keanapaʔ prɑciəcɔn kampuciə]) is a political
Cambodian_People's_Party
Last capital of the Lower Chenla
(Khmer: ឥន្ទ្របុរៈ) or Amarendrapura (Khmer: អមរិន្ទ្របុរៈ) was the first capital of Jayavarman II reign about 781, before the foundation of Khmer Empire
Indrapura_(Khmer)
Cambodian politician (1915–1962)
Tou Samouth (Khmer: ទូ សាមុត; c. 1915 – 20 July 1962), also known as Achar Sok (Khmer: អាចារ្យសុក), was a Cambodian politician. One of the two founding
Tou_Samouth
Motor vehicle
Cambodia". Cambo Auto (in Khmer). Retrieved 2025-08-14. "GTV Motor Cambodia launches Kouprey pickups". Business Cambodia (in Khmer). Retrieved 2025-08-14
Foton_Tunland
Cambodian princess and actress (born 2012)
her family returned to Cambodia. She has command of four languages including her native Khmer, as well as English, French and Chinese. Jenna is currently
Norodom_Jenna
1967–1975 conflict in Cambodia
Cambodian Civil War (Khmer: សង្គ្រាមស៊ីវិលកម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: Sângkréam Sĭvĭl Kâmpŭchéa) was a civil war in Cambodia fought between the Khmer Rouge against the
Cambodian_Civil_War
Cambodian newspaper
Kampuchea Thmey Daily Newds (Cambodia Today) is a Khmer language newspaper published in Cambodia with its headquarters in Phnom Penh. Wagstaff, Jeremy
Kampuchea_Thmey
Hindu goddess
Kirinei Devi (Khmer: កិរិណីទេវី), regarded as the consort of Lord Brihaspati in traditions influenced by Hindu culture transmitted through the Khmer Empire.
Tara_(Hindu_goddess)
Worldwide elections held in 2027
អាណត្តិទី៦ | គណៈកម្មាធិការជាតិរៀបចំការបោះឆ្នោត (គ.ជ.ប)". www.nec.gov.kh (in Khmer). Retrieved 2026-06-26. Ferreiro, Trinidad (4 May 2026). "17 estados renovarán
2027_local_electoral_calendar
Region in Southeast Indochina
Kampuchea Krom (Khmer: កម្ពុជាក្រោម, Kâmpŭchéa Kraôm [kampuciə kraom]; "Lower Cambodia") is a region variously known by terms such as Southern Vietnam
Kampuchea_Krom
Chamic language of Vietnam and Cambodia
(/dʒəˈraɪ/; Vietnamese: tiếng Gia Rai or Tiếng Jrai; Khmer: ចារ៉ាយ, Charay [caːraːj]) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Jarai people of Vietnam and Cambodia
Jarai_language
Royal arms of Cambodia
royal five-tiered umbrellas representing the King and the Queen. The Khmer-language phrase ព្រះចៅក្រុងកម្ពុជា on the banner beneath the royal arms translates
Coat_of_arms_of_Cambodia
travel, tourism, insurance
KHMER LANGUAGE
KHMER LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Male
Egyptian
, the chief funereal priest.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Male
Egyptian
, Se-kher-ta.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Male
Egyptian
, the father of Aaab.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name from Old French chambrelain, Norman French cambrelanc, cambrelen(c) ‘chamberlain’ (of Germanic origin, from kamer ‘chamber’, ‘room’, Latin camera (see Chambers) + the diminutive suffix -(l)ing). This was originally the name of an official in charge of the private chambers of his master.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
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